丰富句式结构，刻画人物心理

丰富句式结构，刻画人物心理续写中的情绪描写可分为“直白式”与“婉描式”，这两种手法都对词汇的积累提出了较高的要求，贴合续写评分标准中的“词汇丰富”这一要求但写作不是简单的词汇堆积，更需要使用多样化的句式进行表达

一、情绪表达的常用句型主语等（即系动词）+形容词/短语系表结构是描写情感的最基础句型，

1.+be/feel/become/remain常通过增加程度副词以刻画情感的强弱［例］（连着几天很阴郁）.1He remainedin abad moodfor days［例］（感到有些紧张）2I felta littlebit nervouswhen theteacher lookedat me.［例］（变得惊慌）3He becamepanicked whensome frighteningnoise camefrom nowhere.［例］（不情愿），4Although hewas reluctanthe stillwent cleaningup thekitchen asrequired.其中，诸如［例］这类含有转折意味的语句，还可以经由引起倒装，例如4as/though［例］（尽管我很不情愿）,5Reluctant asI was I stillwent cleaningup thekitchen asrequired.［例］（尽管很害怕）,6Panicked asTom wasTorn hestill openedthe door and askedin atremblingvoice,“Whos there”形容词或形容词短语作状语该结构可用于表示原因、结果、伴随等状态，在使用上常以

2.adj.+and/主句的形式出现，可置于句首或句尾but+adj.+［例］（既有自信又很坚定）,1Confident anddetermined Johnkept acceleratinghis speed,not［原因］caring thewounds on his legs.［例］（虽有点惊慌很却也极度好奇），2Slightly panickedbut overwhelminglycurious Jack［伴随/原因］cautiously edgedinto thedark cave,attempting tofind outwhat awaitedhim ahead.［例］3After whatseemed likea century,I madeit to the mountaintop,exhausted butthrilled at the（彳艮疲累但去口震撼于眼前的壮丽风景）.［结果］stunning beautyspreading outbefore me［例］4In thedeathly hush,Tarip kneltdown andburied hisface inhands,frustrated and（既懊恼又愤怒）.［伴随］irritated［例］（失望极了）,5Full ofdisappointment Jackydecided toleave hishometown andnever to［原因］return.［例］（急切地想要知道发生了什么）,6Anxious/Desperate/Eager toknow whathad happened［原因］Jane flungthe dooropen andrushed inside.情绪词+动词构成的无灵主语句以情绪词为主语（非人称主语），

3.A sense/surge/bust of++sb.将情感可以隐喻成一种力或是液体，搭配固定的动词，这类动词常见的有（吞噬），（剥consume deprive夺），（抓牢），（战胜），（抓住），（折磨），grip overcomeseize torment/torture explode/erupt（迸发），（包围/吞没），（涌上心头），（淹没）engulf floodover/sweep over/wash overoverwhelm等［例］（一阵压倒一切的恐惧感席卷而来）1An overwhelming sense/wave offright swept over（使他丧失了思考能力）.Jeremy anddeprived himof thepower ofthinking［例］（悲伤2A mixedfeeling ofsorrow anddespair kepttormenting Juliaand disturbingher life和绝望交织在一起，折磨着扰乱着她的生活）.Julia,［例］（汤3The conflictbecame thelast strawand Tommyspent-up angereventually exploded米压抑的怒火最终爆发了）.［例］（快4As I was informedof thegood news,happiness andexcitement gotthe betterof me乐和兴奋充盈了我）.［例］5When theferocious wolfrevealed itssharp teeth,Iwasgripped/seized bya waveof terror（我被恐临所笼罩）,palms sweatingand heart thudding violently.主语+系动词形容词的句型及其变体，将形容词置于句首引起的半倒装句一形容

4.+so++that so+so+词主语+be++that［例］（如此生气）1I feltso angrythat Idecided notto talkwith herfor atleast threedays.［例］（我是如此激动）2So thrilledwas Ithat Ijumped up and down.［例］（是如此愤怒）3So irritatedwas PaulPaul thathe smashedthe dooropen andstrode awaywithoutlooking back.［例］（是如此紧张）4So nervouswas JasonJason thathis voicetrembled.非谓语勤词在读写中的出现频率非常高，结合到情绪描写中，常见的句子形式是:主句，

5.V-ing/V-ed+例如［例］（感到尴尬而羞愧），1Feeling embarrassedand guiltyhe loweredhis head.[例（深吸了一口气），2]Taking adeep breathMary pushedopen thedoorandstepped inside.[例（被愤怒吞没），3]Consumed withrage Lilylet outhysterical screams.[例（被忧郁所折磨），4]Tormented bydepression heseemed tohave lostall hislife orientationsandceased tochase whathe hadlong beenpursuing.[例（拉长着脸）.5]Tom cameinto theroom,wearing along face[例（被一6]She feltas ifshe weredancing onair,swept awayby anoverwhelmingsense of joy种压倒性的喜悦所席卷）.同时，的复合结构常用于描述情绪，其基本结构为宾语这一句型有时也可以with with++V-ing/V-ed,省略构成主语・主句的独立主格结构，例如Mth,+V ing/V-ed+[例（）（兴奋笼罩着我）,7]With Excitementgetting betterof himJoson bouncedacross theroomto hugus.[例（）（眼泪涌了出来）,8]With Tearswelling upin hereyes Joanahugged herson tightlyand gentlystrokinghis head.[例（）（声音颤抖着，心猛烈跳动着），9]With Voicetrembling andheartthuddingviolently shesqueezedout abroken sentence,Who…who areyou”[例（）（心情跌至谷底），10]With Hisheart sinkingto thebottom Georgesighed andleft.[例（）（心里充满激动），11]With Heartfilled withexcitement Tomgrinned fromear toear.[例（）（眼里燃着怒火），12]With Eyesburning withanger Mr.Fry pacedupanddown,punchingone handwith theother.而当环境、心情、人物动作具有高度相关性时，也可以将三者结合，构成复合结构/独立主格结with构+主句+非谓语动词的长句结构此时主句是主体，复合结构/独立主格结构及非谓语动词就像飞鸟with的两翼，这种句子结构可称为“飞鸟结构工例如[例（阵阵风拍打着窗户），（蜷缩）13]With gustsof windbuffeting thewindow Maryhuddled on（被恐惧包围）.her bed,overwhelmed witha sense of terror[例（明亮的阳光照在她身上）,（悠闲14]Bright sunrays shiningupon herLinda strolledleisurely地散步）（笼罩在温暖的喜悦感中）.along theriver,enveloped in a warmsenseofdelight［例］（一股怒火席卷了他），15A bustof ragesweeping overhim Mattbanged hisfist on（他的拳头重重地砸在桌子上），（大吼道），the tableshouting aloud“Out ofmy sight!”

二、情绪描写在高考题中的应用以下，将以年月浙江卷读后续写真题——野外遇熊展示情绪描写在高考写作中的运用20207One fall,my wifeElli and I hada singlegoal tophotograph polar bears.We werestaying ataresearch campoutside“the polarbear capitalof theworld—the townof Churchillin Manitoba,Canada.Taking pictures of polarbears isamazing butalso dangerous.Polar bears—like allwild animals—should bephotographed froma safedistance.When Imface toface witha polarbear,I likeit tobe throughacamera witha telephotolens.But sometimes,that iseasier saidthan done.This wasone ofthose times.As Elli andIcooked dinner,a youngmale polarbear whowas playinginanearby lakesniffed,andsmelled ourgarlic bread.The hungrybear followedhis noseto ourcamp,which wassurrounded bya highwire fence.Hepulled andbit thewire.He stoodonhisback legsand pushedat thewooden fenceposts.Terrified,Elli andI triedall the bear defenseactions weknew.We yelledatthe bear,hit potshard,and firedblank shotgunshells intothe air.Sometimes loudnoises likethese willscare bearsoff.Not this（爪子）.polarbearthough—he justkept tryingto teardown the fence withhis massivepawsI radioedthe campmanager forhelp.He toldme ahelicopter wason itsway,but itwould be30（相遇）,minutes beforeit arrived.Making thebest ofthis closeencounter Itook somepicturesof the bear.ElliandI fearedthefencewouldnt lastthrough30more minutesof the bears punishment.The campmanagersuggested Iuse pepperspray.The sprayburns the bears eyes,but doesnthurt them.So Iapproachedour uninvitedguest slowlyand,through thefence,sprayed himin theface.With anangry roar（吼叫）,thebearran tothe laketo washhis eyes.Paragraph1A fewminutes later,thebearheaded backto ourcamp.Paragraph2At thevery moment,the helicopterarrived.［埸景一］熊的愤怒［例］1So irritatedwas thebear thatit roareddeafeningly andwhacked thefence ferociouslyto（这只熊非常恼火，发出震耳欲聋的咆哮，凶猛地击打着围栏要把它推倒）.tear itdown［例］2Roars piercingthe silence,thebearrevealed itssharp teethand startedto repeatedly（咆哮声打破了沉默，熊露出锋利的牙齿，开始反复拍打围栏）.pound thefence［场景二］夫妻两人的恐惧［例］1An unbearablesenseoffear creepingon us,we huddledtogether,beads ofsweat（——种难以忍受的恐惧感streaming downon cheeks,face turningpale andhearting thuddingviolently悄悄地向我们袭来，我们蜷缩在一起，汗珠顺着脸颊，脸变得苍白，心跳剧烈）.［例］2With thedeafening roarsechoing around,fear tookhold of/sweptoverus,depriving usof（伴随着震耳欲聋的咆哮声，恐惧席卷了我们，剥夺了我们思考的能力）.power ofthinking［例］3The ferociousbear approaching,we werealmost frozentothespot,not evendaring totake（随着凶猛的熊逼近，我们几乎被吓得僵在原地，连大气都不敢喘）.a breath［例］（我吓得喉咙发紧，双4So scaredwasIthat mythroat tightenedand myknees feltweak膝发软）.［例］5Panicked aswe were,we wavedour fistsand stampedheavily onthe ground,attempting to（尽管我们很惊慌，但我们挥舞拳头，重重地踩在地上，试图吓走这只熊）.intimidate thebear away［场景三］直升机来临，熊受惊，我们感到激动、宽慰［例］1Startled bythis giganticflying machineand itsthunderous noise,thebearleapt intothe（熊被这架巨大的飞行机器和它雷鸣般的噪音吓了一跳，bushes andgalloped tothe depthoftheforest跳进灌木丛，向森林深处跑去）.［例］2Thrilled andrelieved,we clutchedthe ropeand eventuallyboarded thehelicopter safeand（我们激动万分，如释重负，紧紧抓住绳子，最终安然无恙地登上了直升机）.sound］（我3The momentwe rushedinside thehelicopter,we collapsed,gasping withrelief.们冲进直升机的那一刻，我们就累趴了，如释重负地喘着粗气）.。