北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

北京市朝阳区学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题2024-2025学校:姓名班级考号

一、完形填空Jose isthe caringdirector of a schoolin Nicaragua.And nothingbrings himmore satisfactionthangiving to the studentshe caresabout most.However,living on a low-income]Joshs ability to showhisgenerosity.He longedfbr away to provide foodand ajoyful futurefor thechildren at his schoolbutlacked the2to makeit happen.Everything3when Convoy of Hopebrought agriculturaltraining tohis village.Jose learnednewtechniques aboutgarden management.His previousmethods werereplaced bymore4ones,like setting灌^既up awater-saving irrigationsystem for the dryseasons.With hisnew skills,Jose5planted agardenathisschool.The producefrom the garden not only providedfresh snacksfor thestudents butalsobecame ahands-on learningopportunity.Something thatfills mewith greatjoy iswhen thechildren getexcited andcant waitto6activities in thegarden.Jose said.The gardenprovides Josewith a7from dailystresses.Maybe Ihadsome difficultiesin theday,but whenI start to waterthe plants,I8the problems.,,Strengthening individuals,skills setsall aroundthe world,ConvoyofHopes agriculturalprogram9people toprovide for their familiesand giveback to their communities.But thisproject ismore thanteachingknowledge.Just asJose said,It hasmanaged toput asmile onchildren,and theyfeel an10tomove forward/

51.A.proved B,developed C.suggested D.limited

2.A.time B.means C.plan D.drive

3.A.appeared B・stopped C.changed D.remained

4.A.expensive B・effective C.difficult D.basic

5.A.successfully B.quietly C.suddenly D.nearly

6.A.give upB.put offC.carry outD.pay for

7.A.break B,challenge C.tip D.choice

8.A.repeat B,value C.present D.forget

9.A.hires B・forces C.equips D.remindsG.The exactnumber depends on howeffectively the bacteria canbreak downthe minorplanefs carbonmaterials.阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题When Itell friendsIve writtena bookabout socialconnection,one of the mostcommon questionsIget is about“lost”friendships,the relationshipswith peoplewhom someonehas lost touch withovertime.Should wereconnect orlet themstay in the pastTwo recentpapers suggestthat wecan allbe abitbraver aboutreaching out.The firstcomes fromPeggy Liuat the University ofPittsburgh and her colleagues.The teamaskedsome people toprovideinformation ofa personwith whomthey hadntbeen intouch fora while.They thenwrote anote tothat person and answeredsome questionsabout howmuch theythought thefriendwould valuethe gesture.The researchersforwarded thenote tothe namedperson alongwith aquestionnaireabout theirfeelings.It wasfound that the receiverswelcomed thenotes farmore thantheauthors hadexpected,but itsa pitythat thedesire to reconnect wasoften balancedby afear ofbeingrejected.The secondpaper isby LaraAknin atSimon FraserUniversity andGillian Sandstromat theUniversity of Sussex.They found that asmany as90percent of people havelosttouchwith atleast oneoldfriend,but manyare nowunwilling to make thefirst move-even whenresearchers gavethem thetimeto doso.Exploring further,they found that itarose fromsome concerns:the peopleworried aboutwhatto say,and theyfeared that the friendhad changed.The old friends hadstarted tofeel likestrangers,and thismade Aknin and Sandstromwonderwhether alittle practiceat buildingnew tiesmight givepeople theconfidence tostrengthen theirolderones too.Sure enough,they found that asking peopleto start aconversation with strangers increasedthe一chances of reaching out totheir oldest friends.Our socialconfidence seemslike amuscle themore weuseit,the strongerit becomes.We justneed tohave thecourage tostart.

50.What arethe lostfriendships

51.Based on the twopapers,why dopeople hesitatetoreconnectwith oldfriends

52.Please decidewhich partis falsein thefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.According toAknin andSandstrom,askingpeopleto engagewithstrangersreduced thechancesfor themto reachout totheiroldestfriends.

53.What canyou doto overcomethe fearofreachingout tooldfriendsIn about40words

五、书信写作假设你是红星中学高一学生李华你的外国笔友听说中国的“春节”申遗成功，他发

54.Jim来邮件表示祝贺并希望了解更多请你用英文给他回复，内容包括介绍中国人过春节的习俗；

1..说明春节的意义2注意.词数左右；

1100.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数3Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua

10.A.concern B,hope C.honour D.weight

二、选词填空阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词组并用其正确形式填空apply forcalm downa varietyof takeup beconcerned abouttendto keepup withtake advantageof putup beaddicted to

11.Technology changesso fastthat itshard toit.

12.We thewarm weather and didsome yardwork.

13.He playingonline gameslast year,which seriouslyaffected hisstudies.

14.There arebooks in the library,so you can alwaysfind somethinginteresting toread.

15.Every year,they someholiday picturesin theliving roomto welcomethe newyear.

16.The roomlooks abit crowdedbecause thelarge sofatoo muchof theliving room.

17.I a job atthat famouscompany yesterdayand isnow waitingforthereply.

18.She herGrannys badcough andshe hopesit isntsomething serious.

19.Recent studiesshow thatgirls bebetter atlanguages thanboys.

20.It tookme anhour to after theargument.

三、语法填空所给词的适当形式填空

21.It isimportant forus have a balanced,healthy diet.所给词的适当形式填空

22.We hadto take a differentpath becausethe roadrepair.所给词的适当形式填

23.enjoy agrander sight,you mustclimb toa greaterheight.空）.所给词

24.My friendcalled melast nightand saidhe cometo seeme thisweekend的适当形式填空）

25.You workhard onyour lessonsand yourefforts rewardwith successin theend.（所给词的适当形式填空）用适当的词填空）

26.They traveledwith afamous scientistname oftenappears in the newspaper.（用适当的词填空）

27.The canalplayed animportant rolein ancientChina isnow beingwidened.（）（所给词的适当形式填空）

28.The purposeof educationis developa finepersonality inchildren.（）（所给词的适当形式填空）

29.Reading agood bookis liketalk with a wiseperson.

30.This isthe（用适当的词填空）best decisionI haveever made.

四、阅读理解The School of Artsat OxfordBrookes Universitybrings togetherfilmmakers,fine artists,musicians,photographers,news reportersand manymore to form aninspiring,dynamic placeofcreatives.ResearchThe Schoolof Artsprovides anenergetic environmentfor teachersand studentsto develop theirresearch andfocuses onbuilding researchexcellence byimproving presentand futurestrengths.We havearesearch centercovering thefields of Art amp;Design,Digital Media,Film,Music,and Photography.We alsohaveaseries ofresearch groupsacross all of ourfields,where teacherswork togetherand sharetheirresearch projects.CoursesThe Schoolof Artsoffers awide rangeof courses,from finearttomusic digitalmedia production,film studiesand thenews reporting.Aiming tohelp youform yourown practiceor get ready forfuturejobs,our coursesuse bothclassroom learningand creativepractice todevelop yourinterests.They buildindependentthinkers whothink outof thebox andproduce creativeworks.Our artsstudents are wellplaced to getreadyfor differenttypes ofjobs in the creativeindustries.Student LifeWhileyour studiesare atop thing,you willstill wantto makethe mostof everythingelse studentlifeoffers.Within theschool,there arealways projectsyoucanwork onoutside of your chosenfield ofstudy.It couldbe thatyou wishto workwith studentslearning othersubjects,creating themusic forafilm orfilming apiece ofperformance art.This mightbe part ofyourstudy orjust somethingyou wouldlike to dofor fun.Working togetherwith otherstudents acrossdifferent subjectsisagood way to makemorefriends.The Schoolof Artsis proudto rununiversity widesocieties such as TheDocumentary Cluband the UniversityOrchestra andChoir.Please findus atquery@brookes.ac.uk,

31.What canthe Schoolof Artsprovide forstudents intheir researchA.Various resourcesbeyond artfields.B.Chances tolearn ina dynamicenvironment.C.Different groups that focuson creatingart works.D.A centerwhere teachersand studentswork together.

32.After learningthe coursesinthe SchoolofArt,students will.A.developtheircreative skillsB.be readyfor classroomlearningC.need tohand intheir artworks D.be offeredajobintheart industries

33.Besides subjectlearning,students attheSchoolofArtcan.A.receive jobtraining B.manage allschool clubsC.build friendshipswith famous artists D.work onprojects acrossdifferent fieldsOneSaturday nightinthespring of2023,while mostof herfriends wererelaxing,Elizabeth Smart,then16,was studyinginanunderground roomin herparents house.She wastrying towork outhowpatients withblood cancersrespond toCAR T-cell therapy,one of the newestand mosthopefultreatments forblood cancers.Elizabeth wasdrawn tocancer researchfor tworeasons:stories ofchildren with cancer,like“Penn theBrave,“and hergrandmothers deathfrom cancer.She hopedto relievethe painofpeoplelikethem.So whenElizabeth waslooking fora science-project topicandherfather emailedheranews reportaboutCAR T-cell therapy,she decided to explorefurther.Elizabeth usedthe resultsfrom a2022Yale Universitystudy explainingwhat causesthe failureof（遗传生物标志物）CAR T-cell treatment and triedto identifygenetic biomarkersthat wouldtell apatientsresponse tothe treatmentin ordertomakeit more effective.She evendeveloped awaytostudygenetic informationthrough specializedsoftware insteadof traditionallab work.（序歹）Through latenights of uploading informationand analyzingRNA sequencesll,Elizabeth discoveredcertain geneticinformation inRNA sequences-which decideseverythingfrom haircolour tohow yourimmune systemfights diseases—could tella patienfsresponse toCAR T-cell therapy,and couldone dayhelp developmoreeffectivetreatmentandfewer sideeffects.Starting theproject twoyears ago,Elizabeth foundreading originalresearch paperstoo difficult,so shetaughtherself byreading books,open-source papersand watchingYouTube videosfor non-professionalpeople.I thoughtabout givingup somany timesJ saysElizabeth.Instead sheturned toonline groups,where professionaland non-professional scientistsalike sharedtipson similarchallenges.Her researchpaper,titled Optimizationof CART-Cell therapyUsing RNA-SequencingAnalysis forBiomarker Identiflcation^^,made Elizabethnotonlya nationalscience-fair championbutalso wonher firstplace atthe annualEuropean UnionContest forYoung Scientistsin Brusselsthis pastfall.As shegraduates fromhigh schoolthis yearand startspreparing foruniversity,Elizabeth islookingforward toworking ina lab——not justin herparents house.

34.Why did Elizabeth wantto doresearch onCART-Cell therapyA.Because shehad hearda lotabout it.B.Because itwas herscience projecttopic.C.Because herfather askedher towork onit.D.Because shewanted tohelp peoplewithcancer.A・Lack ofprofessional background.B.Limited accessto traditionallaboratory.

35.What challengedidElizabethcome acrossduring herresearchC.Difficulty ingetting professionalguidance.D.Heavy workofuploadinggeneticinformation.

36.Which wordwould bestdescribe ElizabethA.Honest.B・Hardworking.C.Strict.D.Confident.

37.What canwe learnfrom thispassageA.Many handsmake lightwork.B.A newway isbetter thansweat.C.Young peoplecan makea difference.D.Love andunderstanding ispriceless.We canstruggle to maintain workingrelationships whenour socialgroup growstoo large,butArtificial IntelligenceAI modelsmay notface the same limitation.What isArtificial IntelligenceDating backtothe1990s,the scientistRobin Dunbarpresented thatthenumber ofrelationships wecan maintainis typicallyabout150due tothe sizeof ourbrains.Now,researchers haveapplied thisidea,known asDunbars number,to AI models andfoundthatthe mostpowerfulones withthe largestbrains“can managegroups ofup to

1000.Giordano DeMarzo andhis colleaguesattheUniversity ofKonstanz experimentedwhether AImodels like ChatGPTact likehumans whentalking“to eachother in groups.They ranmany copies ofthe sameAT modelat once,giving eachan opinionona problem withoutobvious answers.At eachstepof theexperiment,they choseone copyby chanceand toldit whatopinion allthe othercopies heldandwhy,and thenasked ifit wouldliketoupdate itsown.The teamfoundthatthe high-end AI models like GPT-4Turbo reached agreement everytime.Yetcopies ofsmaller andless powerfulmodelslikeGPT-

3.5Turbo neverreachedagreement.The resultsshowedthat althoughthe models in eachtest werethe same,there was no inborn system for agreement,atleast untilthey becamecapable enough.The researchersthen triedto find an upperlimit oneach modelsability to reach agreement——their ownDunbars number.For somemodels,like Llama370b,the agreementprocess becameincreasinglyslow asthe groupsize grew,ending upwith aDunbars numberof

50.But forother models,likeGPT-4Turbo,this abilitynever sloweddown evenonce1000copies wereworking together.“I wasvery surprised/5says DeMarzo.We wereable tosimulate模拟up tothousands ofmodelsand therewasnosign atallofa breakingoftheability toform acommunity.He addsthatmemory iskey.While wemay struggleto recallfacts,faces andopinions ata certainpoint,AI is limitedonly byits hardware.Philip FeldmanattheUniversityofMaryland,however,says AI models with a high Dunbarnumber maybe abletoreachagreement onaproblem,but thatdoesnt necessarilymean theywill多样性findagood solution.He believesdiversity iskey toproblem-solving,which ishard ingroupsmade upofthe same AI model.A largerconcern iswhether iteven makessense totalk aboutcopiesofanAI modelas a group ofindividuals,says MichaelRovatsos attheUniversityof Edinburgh.The modelsdontunderstand what they are,how theyare separatefrom othermodels orwhattheexperimentspurpose is.”

38.Researchers appliedDunbars numberto AI models to.A.test theirmemory competenceB.observe theirsocial behaviourin groupsC.record theworking speedof differentAI modelsD.find thelimit of AI modelstomaintainrelationships

39.What can be inferredfrom theresearch ofGiordano DeMarzos teamA.AI modelshave theability totake overlarger groupsthan humans.B.AI modelsability toform communitiesislimitedby humanmemory.C.AI modelscan replacehumans inmanaging difficultsocial interactions.D.AImodelsperformance inreaching agreementdependson their capabilities.

40.What canwe learnfrom thispassageA.AImodelswithahighDunbarnumber solveproblems better.B.Copies ofthesameAImodellack theabilitytothink independently.C.AImodelswith largebrains“have aninbornsystemforagreement.D.Copies ofthesameAImodelupdate theiropinions withoutextra information.

41.As forthe useofAImodelsinsocial activities,the authoris.A.supportive B.puzzled C.careful D.unconcernedSince theearly daysof popularculture,fans havebeen viewedwithadoubtful reputation,oftenlabeled asunreasonable oraberrant,presenting athreat tothe socialorder orsuggesting a kind ofmentalillness.However,social psychologistsoffer adifferent viewon fanculture.From within,fandoms fangroups looksurprisingly normal.Our sociallives aredefinedby ourtendency toseek outothers whoshare ourpersonalities,background,interests oroutlook.We arenaturalto liveingroups,a realitythat shapesalmost everythingwe do.This simpleact ofpartnership andbelongingcanbepowerful.For manyfans,being partofafandom canbe life-changing.One fanof Jane Austen,for instance,described howconnecting withothers whoshared herlove ofJaneAustenand perioddramas helpedherthrough adifficult time,sayingJTve finallyfound mypeople.”Fandoms alsodiffer fromother socialgroups inthat theybring togetherpeople fromdifferentbackgrounds.Fans aredrawn inby acommon interest,but theystay fora hostof reasons:to beentertained,to broadentheir view,to experiencea particularreality,to connectwith like-minded othersorto tradetheories abouttheir favoritetopics.It mightseem surprisingthat sharingan interestcan leadto suchenriching experiences,but thiskindof minimalgroup effectis wellknown insocial psychology.Henri Tajfel,a pioneerin thisfield,foundthatpeople couldbe encouragedtoformloyal groupsonthesimplest reasons,suchasa preferencefora particularartist.Tajfel believedgroup membershipgives peopletheir ownsocial identities,providing meaningto anotherwise emptysituation.A socialidentity givesusasense ofourselves inrelation toothers:we arewho weare becauseofwhat weshare withthem.Social identity is separatefrom personalidentity,which reflectsindividualtraits suchas physicalappearance andpersonality.During thosemoments whenyou feellike animportantpartofagrouplike watchinga footballmatch,your socialidentityismore outstandingthanyour personalone.Tajfers theorieshelp explainwhy fandomsare sopowerful andwidespread.Groups likeSwiftiesmay lookdifferent intheir tastesand attitudes,but thedynamics behindthem allare verysimilar.There islittleto fearinthepassion ofthese fans,and muchto celebrate.

42.What doesthe underlinedword“aberrant“in ParagraphI mostprobably meanA.Creative.B.Organized.C.Abnormal.D.Traditional

43.What canbe inferredfrom thepassageA.Fandoms promoteconnection andbelonging.B・There arereasonable concernsabout fandompassion.C.Fandoms provideindividuals witha personalidentity.D.People prefergroupsthatshare commonsocial backgrounds.

44.What wouldbe thebest titleforthepassageA.Fans asSocial Groups:Fandoms andMadnessB・Fandoms Uncovered:The DangerousSide of FandomsC.The InfluenceofFandoms:Fans andTheir UnusualBehavioursD.From Misunderstoodto Empowered:The TrueImpact ofFandoms移田菌）Future astronautscould potentiallyrely onfood madefrom bacteria that feedon minorplanets,to produceakindof yogurt.While astronautsontheInternational SpaceStation haveexperimentedwith growingsalad leaves,the vastmajority offood consumedin spaceis transportedfromEarth.45Thats whyJoshua Pearceat WesternUniversity inOntario,Canada,decidedtotry using（含碳的）bacteria tochange carbon-containing materialfrom minor planets intoeatable food.This processhas notbeen carriedout yeton realminorplanets.But Pearcesteam hasperformedsimilar experimentsusing bacteriato breakdown plasticfrom leftoverin armyfood supplybags.46Thecollective bacteriaend uplooking something like abrown milkshakeandtheteam has also experimentedwithdrying outthis materialto producesomethinglikeyogurt oreven apowder.47We dida nutritional（营养的）research andit turnedouttobe almosta perfectfood/9hesays.It turnedout thatthe bacteriamixture thatwe wereusing,more orless,hasathird eachfor thethreemajor nutrientspeople need.”If the idea issound,a500-metre-wide minorplanet similarto Bennu,which NASAvisited in2020,could feedbetween600and17,000astronauts fora year,says Pearce.48A fullyworking minorplanets foodproject wouldrequire anindustrial-sized smartmachine^^inspace.This wouldtakealong timetogeteverything inplace.49They plantostartoff withcoal and thenmoving tospace rocksthat havefallen toEarth.A.It wouldbe impossiblefor moredistant,longer-lasting tasks.B.So theresearchers hopeto testtheideaonalower levelinthecoming year.C.Future astronautscould soonenjoy anutritionally perfectdiet madefrom bacteria.D.While thatmight notsound delicious,Pearce saysthebacteriaarewell-suited forhuman needs.E.They heatedthe plasticwithout oxygenandthenfed thistoamixture ofbacteriathateat carbon.F.Although thereis certainlyhope,it isstill avery futuristicidea thatneeds tobe thoughtthrough.。