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第讲完形填空提升讲解03精讲完形填空完形填空是高中英语中比较有挑战性的部分，以下是关于提升完形填空能力的详细讲解
一、题型特点
1、综合性强它综合考查词汇、语法、阅读理解等多方面的知识和能力需要考生不仅要理解单个句子的意思，还要把握整篇文章的主旨、逻辑关系和文化背景等诸多因素
2、上下文关联紧密文中的每个空白处都不是孤立存在的，其答案往往受到上下文的制约例如，一个名词的单复数可能由前文提到的数量词决定；一个动词的时态可能和文章的时间线索有关
二、提升方法（-）词汇积累
1、扩大词汇量这是基础高中阶段要求掌握个左右的词汇，要熟练掌握这些词汇的拼写、发音、词性、3500词义以及它们的搭配例如，这个词，意思是“获得；学到“，常见搭配有acquire”acquire（获取知识）、（养成一个习惯）knowledge acquirea habit、词汇辨析注意近义词、形近词的区别比如和，是动词，主要意思是“影响；使2“affect”“effect”“affect”感动”；作名词时意思是“影响；效果％作动词时意思是“使发生；引起”通“effect”过例句来理解会更加清晰，66Thebad weatheraffected hismood.（恶劣的天气影响了他的情绪）“，uThenew policyhas agreat effecton theeconomy.（新政策对经济有很大的影响）”
（二）语法巩固
1、时态和语态明确文章的时间背景，正确选择动词的时态例如，在叙述过去的事情时，一般会使用一般过去时或者过去进行时等相关时态如果主语是动作的承受者，就需要使用被动语态、从句知识掌握定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的用法比如，在定语从句中，关系代词（2that,which,who等）和关系副词（等）的正确选择取决于它们在从句中所充当的成分when,where,why
（三）阅读能力培养
1、广泛阅读增加阅读量可以帮助熟悉不同的文体、话题和语言风格可以阅读英语报纸（如《世纪英文21报》）、英语简易读物（如《书虫》系列）等在阅读过程中，学会把握文章的主旨大意和细节信息、精读训练对于一些经典的英语文章进行精读分析文章的结构，如总分、分总、总分总等结构同2（袖子），“my sleeveSergio admitted.Like nobodywould everfind out.”It turnsout thathis fellowstudents werea lotmore65than heassumed.In fact,when theschooEs engineeringteacher66Sergios hand,he suggestedthe studentsin hisclass should67him.The schoolis equippedwith onlinemodelingsoftware anda3D printer,so theteacher suggesteda real-life68that wouldbenefit boththe studentsand Sergio.（假肢）Several engineeringstudents69began workingon aprosthesis for their newclassmate.“We couldbuild yourprosthetic hand,they70me and I neverexpected it,“said Sergio.Students workedwith Sergioto getthe prosthesisright,and whenit wasfinished,it71all expectations.Sergio was nowable to72a baseballusing hisright handforthe first timein hisentire life.Beyond thepracticality ofhaving a73prosthesis,Sergio feltsomething evenmore powerful:He fitin.74being teasedfor hisdisability,he wascelebrated and
61.A.curiosity B.guilty C.nervousness D.sympathy
62.A.announced B,worried C.remembered D.admitted
63.A.performance B.ambition C.quality D.difference
64.A.waving B・extending C.hiding D.ignoring
65.A.open-minded B・nature-loving C.absent-minded D・hard-working
66.A.trained B・covered C,treated D.noticed
67.A.follow B.help C.challenge D.join
68.A.application B.appointment C.invitation D.explanation
69.A.temporarily B・hesitantly C-eagerly D.impatiently
70.A.promised B.warned C.advised D.questioned
71.A.set upB.lived upto C.ruled outD.fell shortof
72.A.catch B・transform C.select D.replace
73.A.familiar B.safe C.useful D.similarC.Due toD.Rather than
74.A.Regardless ofB.Apart fromC.generous D.considerate
75.A.brave B,gratefulassisted.They changedmy life/9said the75teen.时，要注意段落之间的过渡和衔接，比如通过一些过渡词（however,therefore,in addition等）来实现文章的连贯解题技巧训练
1、通读全文在开始做题前，先快速浏览一遍文章，了解文章的大致内容、体裁（记叙文、说明文、议论文等）和主题这样可以帮助确定文章的基调，为后续填空提供一个整体的语境
2、瞻前顾后在填写每个空时，仔细观察上下文的线索例如，如果一个空需要填一个形容词，那么可以从后文对这个名词的描述中寻找提示，或者从前文中与之相关的其他形容词来推断、注意固定搭配很多完形填空会考查一些常见的固定短语和习惯用法比如（期待）”、3“look forwardtoMbe usedto（习惯于）”等
4、检查复核完成填空后，把所选的答案代入原文，通读一遍，检查文章的逻辑是否通顺、语法是否正确、用词是否恰当通过系统地积累词汇、巩固语法、提升阅读能力并熟练运用解题技巧，能够有效地提高高中英语完形填空的解题能力
三、讲解高中英语完形填空的做题技巧以下是高中英语完形填空做题技巧的详细讲解
（一）解题前的准备工作、快速浏览全文1目的了解文章的主旨、体裁、大致内容和背景信息这有助于在做题时把握文章的整体方向，避免只见树木不见森林方法以较快的速度阅读文章，重点关注文章的开头、结尾以及每段的首句这些部分通常会包含文章的主题句或关键线索例如，记叙文开头可能会介绍事件的背景或主要人物；议论文开头一般会提出论点
（二）具体解题过程中的技巧词汇层面、利用固定搭配1（）识别方法在选项中如果出现一些常见的固定短语,如（有影响）、（考1“make adifference takeinto account虑）”等，要敏锐地识别出来同时，注意空格前后的词汇是否能与选项构成固定搭配示例这里很明显应该填“He is always ready to helpothers andhis kindnessmakes adeep onus.”“impression”，构成Mmake adeep impressionon sb.（给某人留下深刻印象）”这个固定搭配、辨析近义词和形近词2（）区分依据对于意思相近的词，要根据它们的细微差别、使用语境等来选择比如（不可数名词，1“advice意为“建议”）和（可数名词，意为“建议”），如果空格前有则应选对于形“suggestion”“apiece oP,“advice”近词，如（动词，意为“影响”）和（名词，意为“影响；效果”）,要仔细辨别它们的词性和“affect”“effect”用法示例这里需要一个动词，所以应该填“The badweather hismood.”“affected”语法层面、时态和语态的判断1线索寻找根据文章中的时间状语、上下文的动词时态以及句子的逻辑关系来确定空格处动词的时态和语态例如，如果文章整体是过去时态，且空格所在句子描述的动作与其他过去动作同时发生，那么很可能要用一般过去时；如果主语是动作的承受者，就要考虑被动语态示例“The book（write）by a famous authorlast year/9根据“last year”这个时间状语，可知这里要用一般过去时的被动语态，应填“was written”、从句引导词的选择2分析从句类型先确定空格所在的从句是定语从句、状语从句还是名词性从句对于定语从句，要看先行词在从句中充当的成分来选择关系代词或关系副词；对于状语从句，要根据句子之间的逻辑关系（如因果、条件、让步等）来选择合适的引导词；对于名词性从句，要分析从句在整个句子中充当的成分（主语、宾语、表语等）示例这里是定语从句，先行词在从句中作时间“I willnever forgetthe daywe firstmet.”the day”状语，所以应填“when”上下文逻辑层面、利用上下文线索1指代关系线索注意文章中的代词（如等）指代的内容例如，it,they,this“The boxwas veryheavy.took threeof usto liftit9这里的空格显然应该填“It”，指代前面的“Thebox”因果关系线索如果空格前后存在因果关系，要选择能体现这种关系的词汇比如，He waslate forschool he这里应填，表示原因missed thebus.”because”递进或转折关系线索关注表示递进（如）或转折（如）的词汇例如，moreover,furthermore however,but这里应填，体现转折关系He isrich,he isnot happy.”but把握文章的情感色彩和态度倾向、情感判断根据文章的用词和描述来判断作者或文中人物的情感如果文章是在赞美某个人或事物，那么1在选择词汇时，要选择具有积极情感色彩的词；反之，如果是在批判，要选择消极情感色彩的词示例“The performancewas.The audiencewere allclapping andcheering/5从观众的反应可以判断表演是精彩的，所以可以填之类的具有积极意义的词“wonderful”
（三）解题后的检查技巧通读全文检查、逻辑检查把所选的答案代入原文，快速通读一遍文章，检查文章的逻辑是否连贯看看是否有因某个1选项选择不当而导致前后矛盾的地方、语法和词汇检查检查语法错误，包括时态、语态、主谓一致等方面同时，检查词汇的拼写、用法是否正2确，是否符合上下文的语境I、高中英语完形填空的考点!1!、词汇考点1实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词）（）名词词义辨析考查对相似名词含义的区分例如，（场景、景色）、（风景、景色1“scene“scenery”的总称）、（从某一特定角度看到的景色）和（视力；景象；名胜）之间的区别在描述“车“view“sight”祸现场”时用“scene”；在表达“欣赏自然风光”的整体概念时用“scenery固定搭配如make adecision（做决定）、ucometo aconclusion（得出结论）”中的decision”和conclusion”就是通过固定搭配来考查的（）动词时态和语态这是常见考点比如，根据上下文的时间线索确定是用一般过去时、现在完成时还2是其他时态（）这里需要用现在完成时的被动语态“The bookhas beenwrite byafamousauthor.^^written”词义辨析和习惯用法像（不及物动词，上升、升起）和（及物动词，举起、提高），“rise”“raise”“He his应填同时，还有一些习惯用法,如hand toask aquestion.^“raised”“keep（让某人一直做某事）sb.doing sth.（）形容词和副词词义辨析例如（孤独的，强调主观感受）和（独自的，强调客观状态）3“lonely”“alone”“He lives,but hedoesn^feel第一个空填“alone，第二个空填“lonely”比较级和最高级考查比较级和最高级的构成和用法This buildingis（tall）than thatone/9应填“taller；He isthe（）应填hard-working studentin theclass.”most hard-working”、虚词（介词、连词、冠词）2
（2）连词逻辑关系考查因果（because、since）＞转折（but、however）、并列（and、or）等逻辑关系“He isrichhe isnothappy9应填“but”从句引导词在定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句中，连词作为引导词很关键例如，在定语从句中，.”应I likethe bookwas writtenby LuXun填“that”（）冠词不定冠词和定冠词的用法不定冠词表示泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；定冠词3a/an”“an”the”表示特指“I sawdog in the street.dog wasvery cute/5第一个空填“a，第二个空填“the”、语法考点时态和语态3（）一般时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）根据时间状语和上下文确定时态1“Everyday,hego toschool onfoot/9应填goes一般现在时进行时态现在进行时、过去进行时强调动作正在进行应填2“When Icalled him,hewatch TV.”“was过去进行时watching”完成时态现在完成时、过去完成时涉及动作的完成或过去的过去力应3finish myhomework already.”填现在完成时“have finished”、从句4定语从句考查关系代词等和关系副词、等的用法1that whichwho whenwhere why“The placewe应填visited lastyear isvery beautiful.“that/which”状语从句根据逻辑关系选择引导词如条件状语从句、时间状语从句、等2if unlesswhen whileas“it rainstomorrow,we wonftgo to the park/5应填“IF名词性从句:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句例如，宾语从句中，3He askedme应填主谓一致语法一致原则主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，I wouldcome.”“if/whether”谓语动词用复数应填意义一致原则如等集合名词，侧重“The numberof studentsbeincreasing.^“is”整体时用单数，侧重个体时用复数“My familybea bigone.”强调整体应填is；My familylikewatching强调个体成员应填TV”like、语篇考点上下文逻辑关系51因果关系通过因果连词或词汇体现“He gotup late,he missedthebus.99应填“so”转折关系利用转折词连接应填2She issmart,she isa littlelazy.but”递进关系像引导递进内容3“MoreoverFurthermore”He isgood atmath.Moreover,hebe excellentin应填English.^^is”、文章主旨和语境理解主旨把握要理解文章是关于什么主题的，根据主旨选择合适的词汇如果是一篇6关于友谊的文章，在描述朋友的品质时，会选择像等符合友谊主题的词汇语境线索利loyal^kind-hearted用根据空格前后的语境确定词汇根“He wasso tiredthat hecould keephis eyesopen.”据语境应填“hardly”
五、完形填空精练试题评卷人得分
一、完形填空（•河北沧州•三模）2024It waslate November.Most ofthe leaveshad fallenoff thetrees,leaving only1branches wavinginthesurrounding mountains.The skywas graywith clouds2down acold,bone-chillingrain.My mood3the day.The olderI got,the lessit seemedI likedthe wintermonths.When I was aboy,they meantplaying inthe snow,making snowmen,having snowballfights,and thencurling up with mydog by the4and readingmy favoritebooks.Butnow theyjust meantwatching the days get5driving ondark roads,and feelingthecold wind6my facelike aslap.I sighedand laydown onmy bed.A feelingof7settled overmy spirit and Iwished Icould getunderthe coversand sleepuntil spring.Just thenmy littledog8onto mybed andlooked atme withherbig,wet eyes.She lookedso sadand9that Ilaughed andpetted her.I10she oftenmirrored mymoods.I smiledand（依偎）continued topet herhead11she toobroke intoa happysmile.I snuggledupwithher,looking uptothegray sky.The littledog12me thatin lifethe wholeworld aroundus isour mirror.We caneither bea13of lightor ashadow评卷人得分完形填空of darkness.We caneither givethe worldour kindnessor our
14.Mylittle pupshowed meonce againthat lifeis15what wemake itand thatwe canreflect ourwarmth,love,and lighteven inwinters darkestdays.
1.A.rough B.bare C・dead D.thick
2.A.throwing B.going C.falling D.breaking
3.A.influenced B.attacked C.matched D.lifted
4.A.wall B.river C.snow D.stove
5.A.warmer B,longer C.shorter D.colder
6.A.over B.against C,beneath D.towards
7.A.happiness B・panic C.curiosity D.depression
8.A.jumped upB.held upC.took upD.lifted up
9.A.exhausted B.doubtful C.disappointed D.miserable
10.A.disapproved B.challenged C.complained D.acknowledged
11.A.while B.unless C.until D.after
12.A.reminded B.persuaded C.warned D.stimulated
13.A.temperature B.reflection C・recovery D.shape
14.A.hope B.mood C・anger D.joy
15.A.rarely B.possibly C.partially D.truly（高二下•湖南•期末）（捕食者），23-24Petros Chrysafishas alwayshad aninterest inpredators buthe neverthoughthe couldmake acareer out of it.Then hehelped afriend16a chicken-stealing wolfproblem.17spread.Now heruns a（威慑）“one-man predatordetection anddeterrence businessin California.His jobisa18of detective,set designerand negotiator.Typically whenhefirstmeets hisclients,they arereadyto（牲畜）.find andkill thepredator thatsbeen19their livestockHis goalis tooffer an20:coexistence.His processstarts with21the localpredator.To gather22Chrysafis setshis secretweapon:cameras.He walkstheland,looking atitand23cameras bythe clearingsand pathswhere animalsare mostlikely to
24.The camerasaremotion-activated,and storea fewthousand nature-focused photosin differentperiods.The imageshe gathersoften helptoput landowners25:caught onfilm,even amountain lioncan seemlike ashy neighbor.The imageshelp people26the wildlifethat theylivewith.Many ofChrysafis9deterrence techniquesare designedto givethe27of humanactivity.The toolshe28includeradios playingvoices,motion-activated lightsand noise-making equipment.Another effectivemethod ishuman29:Chrysafis pressesthe sweatoutofhis ownshirt.In theAmerican Westslong historyof huntingand trapping,Chrysafis9approach isa30one.He triestocommunicate thereal valueof wildlifeto farmers.
16.A.stress B.analyze C.address D,review
17.A.Panic B.Word C.Happiness D.Disease
18.A.combination B,concentration C.collection D.classification
19.A.seeking B.accompanying C.attacking D.noticing
20.A.application B,alternative C.apology D.advertisement
21.A.protecting B.frightening C.identifying D.attracting
22.A.information B.feedback C.resources D.requirements
23.A.observes B.finds C.rents D.places
24.A.settle downB.walk byC.get awayD.grow up
25.A.at riskB,at easeC.in lineD.in power
26.A.like B.gather C.raise D.assist
27.A.significance B.consequence C.principle D・appearance
28.A.uses B,invents C・repairs D.saves
29.A.taste B,hearing C.sight D.smell
30.A.faster B.softer C.simpler D.closer评卷人得分
三、完形填空（高二下•江苏镇江•期末）23-24When lightsnow beganfalling,the principalkept acareful eyeon theapproachingstorm.It soontook onqualities ofsomething moreterrible.By middayhe calledthe schoolbuses backso thekidscould gethome safely31it wastoo late.My studentsgathered theirbelongings,and felt32to begoing homeearly.Then thebuses arrived.33,the stormsuddenly becameheavier andit wasquickly clearthat nobodywas goinganywhere anytime soon.Theoriginal plan34,Over300children got35inside theschool.As nightapproached andthe stormshowed nosigns ofstopping,we beganto feel36,What wouldwefeed severalhundred childrenfor dinnerWhere wouldthey sleepAfter everyparent was37that theirchildren weresafe,people wholived closeenough to38the badweather werecalled andasked ifthey couldhelp.Soon,a handfulofpeople39to travelthrough theblinding snow,bringing bagsof foodand blankets.There wasntmuch food,but everythingwasshared,nobody gothungry andnobody
40.When nightfell,we workedout sleepingarrangements forthe kids.41bythetension oftheday,most ofthem fellasleepsoon onthe carpetedfloors.42,the nextmorning weawoke tofind thestorm hadstopped.With theroads nowclear ofsnow,our studentswere soonsafely ontheir wayhome,and allthe staffbreathed asigh of
43.What might45between thecommunity and
31.A.as B,when C.before D.after
32.A.disappointed B,honored C.astonished D.thrilled
33.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Otherwise
34.A.broke downB.broke throughC.broke outD.broke inD.abandoned
35.A.engaged B,stuck C.caughtD.bored
36.A.concerned B.confused C,annoyedD.reminded
37.A.convinced B.promised C.informedD.ignore
38.A.avoid B,brave C.escapeD.happened
39.A.attempted B.tended C.managedD.complained
40.A.failed B・waited C.opposedD.Challenged
41.A.Exhausted B.Frightened C,ThreatenedD.Strangely
42.A.Surely B.Hopefully C.ThankfullyD.surprise
43.A.impatience B.relief C,regretD・adventure
44.A.accident B・intervention C,disaster
45.A.feedbacks B・communications C,frictions D.bondshave beenan44had insteadresulted instrengthened ourschool.评卷人得分
四、完形填空高二下•山东威海•期末23-24I waslucky enoughto havea lotof greatteachers,but onein particular46the personI amtoday:Lin Robbins.Miss Robbinsenthusiasm wasinfectious.From thefirst dayof class,she wasalways smilingand hadlimitless
47.In herclass,she wasno taskmasterand therewasnotough love,just48aboutwhat shecould teachus.But itnever felt like she was teaching,it wasas ifshe wantedto49this reallycool thingwith you.一One dayMiss Robbinsgave mea copyof TheCatcher InThe Rye.I couldnttell whatMiss Robbins50in mewhyIwasgiven extra51and care.But lookingback,I knowits52that Iwas theonly one.She hada libraryat theback of（）her classroomwith an53policy aroundborrowing books.She wasntshy aboutsharing herpassion for
54.She justgaveit tome andsaid,I thinkyoullreally55it.It turnedout that shewas56,There wassomething aboutthe leadingcharacterof thenovel thatI immediatelyconnected with.This57inspired meto startwriting,andI havent58since.Tough asit is,I knowIhaveto keepwriting.And Ialso（领奖台）.know whoIm59on anypodium MissRobbins.Tm gratefulthatshe saw whateverit isshesawin me,and that评卷人得分she gaveme the60I neededto becomea writer.
46.A.changed B・shaped C.respected D.trusted
47.A,creativity B・energy C.devotion D.knowledge
48.A.excitement B.confusion C.anxiety D.confidence
49.A.check B.recall C・share D.exchange
50.A・wanted B.built C.saw D.awoke
51.A.attention B,patience C.sympathy D.comfort
52.A.impossible B.unbelievable C.strange D.surprising
53.A.open B.famous C.sound D.informal
54.A.teaching B・writing C.science D.literature
55.A.notice B・deserve C.like D.make
56.A.right B・proud C.honest D.kind
57.A.gift B.love C.story D.connection
58.A.stopped B.won C,tried D.practiced
59.A.missing B,thanking C.helping D.contacting
60.A.nudge B.pressure C.chance D.method
五、完形填空（高二下•河南开封•期末）23-24Its nevereasy beingthe newkid inschool,especially whenyou looka littlebitdifferent fromeveryone else.Aside fromthe usual61about notknowing anyoneat HendersonHigh Schoolin Tennessee,15-year-old SergioPeralt62that peoplewould laughat himfor his
63.Sergios righthand didntform fullyat birth.In thefirst daysof school,I honestlyfeltlike64my handin。
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