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第讲阅读理解07新知导航熟悉题型、掌握知识脉络目录基础知识知识点全面梳理，掌握必备重点记忆关键点快速记忆，提升能力♦小试牛刀考点剖析+过关检测，合理应用先看回题二再读文章抓住广告的标题逐项比较，得出最佳吃透文童文章大意和中心思想螂读理解理解文电县体信息根据上下文语境，准确推断生词的词义作出简单判断和推理准确把握作者的意图、观点和态度:阅读理解是高考试题中的重头戏，因此阅读理解试题的分数的得失成为高考英语成败的关键任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图，任何一篇文章都会有自己的中心主旨，而能否明晰作者的写作意图，能否把握文章的主旨，是理解一篇文章的关键，也是阅读水平高低的体现为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平，出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察一般来说，文章的主旨经常会被表述在文章的首尾中，首尾既包括文章的首段尾段，又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句要想快速把握文章中心，文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点，因此高一的同学们应格外注意英语阅读理解的理解和应用，注意其解题过程先看问题，再读文章
1.做阅读理解是先看问题，还是先看文章，这是很多同学经常问的问题我觉得这两种方法各有利弊,应视具体情况而定就阅读广告而言，还是先看问题比较好，因为广告类的试题绝大部分是寻找信息的题目，大可不必从头读到尾，带着问题有针对性地去跳读、略读，这样就可以节约不少时间抓住广告的标题
2.如果广告有标题，大标题下又有小标题，那么，快速寻找原文信息时，这些标题就成了很重要的线索，可以帮助我们快速准确地找到答案有些题目考查的就是对广告标题的理解
8.What can be asuitable title for the textA.Electric vehiclesare rapidlytaking off—but is that a good thingB.The futureof electric vehicles andmaterial resourcesC.How greenare electric vehicles Well,that depends.D.Did SUVsjust win the electricvehicle marketPassage3（上•江苏•高一校联考阶段练习）2023“These dogsare mycompanions,says DarrenEgan,a12-year-old dogtrainer,（斗牛犬）.as heis sittingon Indie,his44-kilo AmericanBully Itrust them.^^Darren andhis dad,Michael,have driven17hours fromIreland tocompete in Champs Camp,a dogshow runthis monthby theUK BullyKennel Club.Theyveeven broughttogether loversof theBully,a kind of dogknown for its strengthand strongwill toattack.Bullies cameinto Americaroughly adecade ago.Yet,recently therehas beengrowing concernabout whethersomebullies areby natureeasier toattack people,no matterwho theowner is.Bully xls,the largesttype,have killedeight peoplesince2021,including twothis year.What isespecially alarmingisthatboth people who werekilled this year wereexperiencedin dealing with dogs.BullyWatch,an organizationresponsible forcontrolling theirbirth,claims bulliescarriedout45%of alldog attacksthisyear.In oneweek inJuly,bullies killedseven otherdogs,Bully ownersand others,includingthe DogControl Associationwant officialsto targetindividual dogsthat actdangerously.Those whoattend ChampsCamp saythe bullies are misunderstood.Owners showoff their dogs gentlenature.Td putmybabys handin hismouth.says oneman.Another tellshow hispet isused as a treatmentin anold peopleshome.Thereal problem,they say,is ownerswho cannotcontrol theiranimals.Their birthcontrolling is another issue,BullyWatch reportsthat97%of bullies are bornillegally.The DailyMirror is（禁令）applying for a banon raisingthem,In July,a ministersaid a ban was an optionPressure forone growswith newsofevery horribleattack.However,at ChampsCamp,there waslittle concernthat changewould comesoon.People whosupportabanare welcomedby anumber ofowners shoutingbeat you.Sometimes,owners are more frighteningthantheir dogs.
9.What canpeople doinChampsCampA.Watch excitingfights amongdogs.B.Show goodqualities of theirdogs.C.Call onpeople tocontrol dogsbirth.D.Enjoy dogscompany as a treatment.
10.Why arepeople worriedA.There are too manybullies around them,B.Chances arethat bulliescan attackpeople.C.Bullies aretoo gentlefor ownersto raise,D.The ownersaretoocrazy about their pets,
11.What is the authorsattitude towardsthe banon raisingbulliesA.Unclear.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Unconcerned.
12.What can be inferredaccording to the last paragraphA.Owners ofbulliesaremore frighteningthan theirdogs.B.The banon raisingbullies iscertain to take effect.C.Owners ofbulliesarestrongly againstthe ban.D.Individual dogsthat actdangerously willbe targeted.Passage4（上•江苏连云港•高一统考期中）2023While a healthy diethas alwaysbeen considerednecessary forfitness,many hospitalshave failedto noticeits powerfulpotential forcuring.In someareas,thats beginningto change.In Pennsylvaniafour years ago,St.Lukes（有机农产Hospital partneredwith RodaleInstitute tostart anorganic produce品）farm at the hospitalscampus inEaston.Since itsfirst season,the St.Lukesfarm hasbecome greaterin size.Today,St.Lukes sendsall newmothers homewith abasket oforganic produce.New momsarent theonly onesbenefitingfrom thefarms generousactions.Organic produceis alsoserved to patients.Meanwhile,it iscooked upincafeterias operatedby thehospitals six-campus networkand soldat nearbyfarmers9markets.While some hospitals aregetting foodfrom nearbyfarms,others areturning unusedland on their groundsinto（社区）community gardens.Even thoughmost hospitalfarms arentgrowing enoughto completelygive their workers andpatientsfood needs,providing evena smallamount offresh producemakes educationalinformation abouthow healthyanddelicious a plant-rich dietcan be.While thefarm-to-hospital movementcontinues togain support,its experiencingsome challengesalong theway.Forone,health workersdont necessarilyknow howto grow food.This means that mosthospitals needto hirea full-timefarmer and other farmlabor tomanage theland,which can be expensive.It takesbetween3and5years formost hospitalfarmsto makethe costand incomeequal.Even so,these hospitalsbelieve that the benefitsare worthwhile.As themovementcontinues toenlarge,you mightsoon experiencea farm-fresh mealat a hospital nearyou.
13.What doesthe underlinedword itsin Paragraph1refer toA.Rodale Institutes.B.St.Lukes farm9s.C.The communitys.D.St.Lukes hospitaPs.
14.What canwe learnabout St.Lukes HospitalA.It operatesahospitalfarm alone.B.It sellsorganic producetopatients.C.It paysmuch lessattention toahealthydiet.D.It offersnew momsorganic producefor free.
15.Why dosomehospitalscreate communitygardensA.To getplants from the community.B.To makefull useof thegreen land.C.To offertheirworkersenough food.D.To educatepeople onaplant-rich diet.
16.What canwe infer from the last paragraphA.Managing hospitalfarms costsnothing.B.Hospital farmswill benefitmore people.C.Farm-to-hospital movementis worthless.D.Health workershave tolearn togrowfood.Passage5（上•江苏南京•高一统考期中）（起诉）2023Seattles publicschool systemon Fridayfiled alawsuit againstseveral（声称）Big Techcompanies,including Facebook,TikTok,Snapchat andYouTube,claiming that their platformshave anegativeinfluence onstudents mental health and the abilityof itsschools tocomplete theireducational tasks.The schooldistrict,which is the largestin thestate ofWashington withnearly50,000students,claimed thatin orderto（易受影响的）increase theirincome,the companieshave successfullytaken advantageof thevulnerable brainsof youthtolengthen the time usersspend on their platforms.The action taken bythe platformshas beena keyfactor incausingyouth mental health problems,which has been markedby moreand moreyouth strugglingwith anxiety,depression,thoughts ofself-harm andso on.（可见的），As isvisible studentsexperiencing anxiety,depression,andothermental healthproblems performworsein school,and areless likely to attendschool,more likely totakedrugs.The districtcontinues totake additionalsteps to（症状）train teachersand screenstudents formental healthsymptoms whomay needfurther support,but itneeds anall-rounded,long-term planhelping with the growingmental healthproblems.While a growing numberof familieshave filedlawsuits againstsocial mediacompanies for their negativeinfluence onthemental healthof theirchildren,its unusualto seea schooldistrict takesuch astep.TikTok,which hasfaced pressurefrom lawmakerforitspotential effecton younger users,announced inJuly that it（过滤掉）would introducenew waysto filterout potentiallyproblematic videos.TikTok alsointroduced atool thataimsto helppeople decidehow muchtime theywant tospend on the app.Snapchat,meanwhile,has introduced a parent guideaimed atonline security,making parentsmore awareof howtheir teensuse theapp.That includesmore informationabout（泄露）who theirkids havebeen talkingto overthe lastweek,without givingaway thecontent ofthose conversations.
17.Why didSeattles publicschool systemfiled alawsuit againstseveral BigTech companiesA.Their studentmentalhealthhas beenharmed.B.Their teachers,teaching abilityhas beeninfluenced.C.Their students5academic performancehasbeenworsened.D.Their schoolsability tocomplete teachingtasks hasbeen blocked.
18.What canwe inferabout thementalhealthproblems ofstudents inSeattleA.They areslight butlasting.B.They areinvisible andserious.C.They arerare butdeadly.D.They arevarious andchallenging.
19.What canwe concludefrom theactiontakenby TikTokA.TikTok hasdone moreharm thangood toyoungerusers.B.TikTok willgive awaychildrens conversationsto theirparents.C.TikTok willpay moreattention to the onlinesecurity ofyoung users.D.TikTok hasintroducedaparentguideto filterout impropervideos.
20.Whafs thesocial mediacompanies9attitude todealing with the lawsuitA.Positive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.D.Ineffective.Passage6（上•江苏镇江•高一统考期中）2023Tokyo,with around37million peoplecalling ittheir home,is the worlds mostpopulatedcity which means it has the most peopleliving init.About120million peoplein totallive in the countryof Japan,whichmeansthat nearlya thirdof thecountry livesin onearea.（方案）The Japanesegovernment isoffering moneyto familiesto moveaway from the cityTokyo.The schemeaimsto encourageyoung people to moveto lesspopular villagesand townsaroundtheedge sof thecity.The schemehas beenrunningfor thelast threeyears,but the government hasrecently announcedthat itis increasingthe amountof moneyit isofferingto1million yenper child.To be able toclaim themoney,however,families mustmove outsidethe greaterTokyoarea,live in their newhomes forat leastfive yearsand oneperson mustbe inwork orplan toopen anew business.Japanese officialshope that the offerwill encouragefamilies withchildren agedup to18to bringlife tovillages.Thiswill helpease some of thepressure onspace andpublic servicesin the center ofTokyo.They hopearound10,000peoplewill movefrom Tokyoto thecountryside aroundit by
2027.（居民）There is,in fact,agrowing trend ofyoung Tokyo-dwellers whowant to leave behindurban lifein thecity tomoveto smaller,cheaper,and quieterparts ofJapan.The smallski townof Nisekoin Hokkaidois alsoenjoying asmallincrease inpopulation,thanks to an explosionof interestoverseas inJapans skislopes.But withJapans vastgovernmentbureaucracy,its topschools,as wellas companiesall concentratedin Tokyo,escaping thecapital looksset toremain adaydream formost.
21.What problemis Tokyoinvolved in at presentA.Tough businessenvironment.B.A lackof foreigntourists.C.A toolarge population.D.High housingcosts.
22.Why is thegovernmentimproving theprevious schemeA.To helppoor familiesgo tocities.B.To letchildren receivebetter education.C.To urgethe youthto leavetheir families.D.To encouragemore people toleaveTokyo.
23.What canbe expectedof thepopulation migrationprojectA.It might be afailure.B.It willbe agrowingtrend.C.It willbring successto businesses.D.It willbenefit governmentsectors.
24.Which is themostsuitable title for thetextA.Tokyo isan attractivecityB.Tokyo has too manycarsC.Japan paysto solvea populationissueD.Japan facesthe problemof lowbirth ratePassage7（上•江苏盐城•高一统考期中）20231come from a familyof doglovers-although mylate mothernever fedour petstable foods,so Isuppose thatshe was as lukewarmabout themas Iwas.While Ihad the idea ofgetting acat justafter I（猫砂盆）moved tomy firsttiny studioapartment inNew YorkCity,I quicklyrealized thelitter boxwould neverbe out（口音of myline ofsight.So Iheaded tothe localnursery topick upsome indoorplants fora littlecompanionship伴）.Little didI know that Phil and Charlotte,the philodendronand spiderplant Ibought thatday morethan25yearsago,would stillbe myroommates allthese yearslater.I havenothing againstpeoplewholove theirdogs-if petownership makesthem happy,Im happyfor them.But asan（小狗）extremely independentperson,I finddogs tooneedy.When somany peoplekept puppiesduring thelockdown daysof the earlyCOVID-19pandemic,I turnedmy apartmentinto agreenhouse.My homebecame thequiet andpeaceful placeI needed at thetime.And neveronce didIneedto double-mask totake adog ona walkinthecold rain!But plantshave personalityand needattention too.They justdont showit bycrying orjumping onme.Fve gota peace（夸张做作地）lily,which Ivenamed Herald,who lowershis headdramatically whenhe needsa drink,giving meamessage thatthe restof thecrowd areprobably thirstytoo.He springsback upjust asdramatically rightafter Iwater him,and hemakes mefeel soproud thatIm keepingliving thingsalive.Its aquieter formof caregivingand companionshipthanpets,but itbrings mepurpose and joy.PhilandCharlotte havecompletely differentpersonalities thanHerald.They knowand havekept allmy adult-life（低姿态）.（月secrets,and likeany goodroommates,they maintaina lowproEe Overwatering,underwatering,fertilizer巴料）（花盆）一or no,a fancynew flowerpotthey dontcare aboutany ofit.They justgrow.I maynot be able totake themtothe dogpark tocommunicate withmy neighbors,but I have joineda communitygardening groupwhere allthe membershappilytalk about their belovedpotted friendstoo.So evenif itseems unlikely,plants canwiden your social circlejust asmuchasadog can.
25.What doesthe underlined part lukewarmabout”in paragraph1probably meanA.Confident in.B.Uninterested in.C.Mistaken about.D.Concerned about.
26.How didthe authorget through the harddays of the earlyCOVID-19pandemicA.By playingwith herdog.B.By stayingwith herfamily.C.By takingcare of her plants.D.By joininga communitygardening group.
27.Compared withHerald,Phil andCharlotte.A.are easierto raise.B.have shorterlives.C.need moreattention.D.aremoreattractive topets.
28.What isthe best titlefor the textA.It isdifficult tofind yourtrue purposeandjoyin life.B.Taking yourpets outisagood way to widenyoursocialcircle.C.I doshare caregivingresponsibilities withmy familymembers.D.Keeping myleafy roommatesalive ismy suitablewayto beacaregiver.Passage8（2023上•江苏淮安・高一统考期中）Melanie Guttmann,co-founder ofLG,a Germanclimate（气候）group,oncespent sixdays in prison afterbeing arrestedduring apublic gatheringagainst“new normal”.She tellsme thatshe justwantedto have a peacefullife,spend sometime with the peopleshe lovedand starta family.But finally,she says,shed bewilling to be inprison evenlonger ifit mightmake adifference.I startedto realizethat nomatterwhether Iminprisonor not,I willnever havethose things.”Ihavebeen turningover herwords forwhat happenedlater.Vermont experiencedstorms lastweek,causing floodsandresulting indeaths.An extremeheat broughtthe numberof peoplein onePhoenix emergencyroom tolevels neverseensince theC0V1D-19pandemic.The oceanwater aroundthe FloridaKeys reacheda temperatureof over90°F,seriously endangeringcoral reefs.Many well-meant statesmenmention whatshappening asnew normal”.Its meant,of course,to pointout thelong-term effectsof puttinglarge amountsof greenhousegases intoair.But the phrase ofnew normal”,to me,also has the（全球的）suggestion thatnow,at least,is“normal,“as if weve beenriding alift ofglobal temperaturerise,and justarrivedat thetop floor.It surelyis hotup hereatthe new normal,but goodthing isthatitwont getany worse/9Unfortunately,though,it will.The changeswe areexperiencing areonly quickening.Each newseason isa baselinefromwhich things will getstranger still.There711be yetmore heatdomes,storms,and flooding,coming ata fasterand（难民）faster speed.By2050,the worldcould bedealingwith
1.2billion climaterefugees escapingfor theirlives.One thingfrom Guttmannswords isclear:However badthings arenow,theyre setto geta wholelot worse.We needto have theawareness thatthere isno“new normal“where we can stopto catchour breath.And,ifwedont dosomething,thingswillget worse.
29.Why isGuttmanns storymentionedA.To explorewhat isbehind thestory.B.To describewhat lifeholds inthe future.C.To explainthe causeofherbeing inprison.D.To experienceher feelingof disappointment.
30.What doesparagraph2mainly tell usA.The climatedisasters.B.The storm.C.The extremeheat.D.The highwater temperature.
31.Which viewconcerning new normal“will causean argumentA.The statesmenpropose“newnormal“with agood purpose.B.New normal“alarms thelong-term impactof climatechangeC.Things aboutglobal temperatureat newnormal wontbe worse.D.What Guttmannwants willprobably cometo nothingat sucha“new nornial”.
32.What isthe authorsattitudetoward GuttmannsconcernA.Unclear.B.Supportive.C.Doubtful.D.Negative.Passage9（上,江苏连云港•高一校联考期中）2023As aresult oftrade,travel andmigration,different cuisineshave spreadacrosstheworld.Many recipes,chefs andrestaurants tryto announcethattheirfood ofa countryor regionisthemost（正宗的）.authentic Butis thisagoodthing（身份），People care about authenticitybecause foodtraditions are closely linkedto identityparticularly formigrantcommunities.Sociologist andprofessor of food studies,Krishnendu Ray,explains thathome cookingis oftenthelastwaythat communitiescan showtheir identity.British celebritychef JamieOliver wasaccused oftrying totake advantageofpositive feelingsabout Jamaica.His readymeal producthad aJamaican name,but wasunlike realJamaican cooking.However,food consultantSara Kayasks whetherthere areproblems withtheidea of authenticity.She stressesthatthese ideasoften comefrom theexpectations thatmajority cultureshave aboutminority culturesand theirfood.These can（限制的）一be restrictingrestauranteurs havecomplained thatpeople expectAsian foodto becheaper thanthat fromEuropeancultures.Expectations can also givepeople afalse idea of whatis authentic.While largecities arefull ofeateriesrepresenting different countries-China,India,Italy,Mexico andmore—these labelscan oversimplifythe realityoffood（认识）from thesecountries.Stephanie Elizondo Greist issurprised bythe recognitionthat foodsin Mexicoare moreauthenticthan whatshe ategrowing upasaMexican-American inTexas,because shefeels thatboth areauthenticexamples of Mexican food.（有争议的）A morecontroversial viewof authenticitywas statedby AmericanChef AndrewZimmern,who claimedthathe couldbring inChinese dishesinamore authenticway thanexisting restaurants-many ofwhich areowned byChinese-Americans.Writer andfood podcasterRuth Tampoints outthat whilethese restaurantsaltered theirmenus tosuitlocal tastes,so doesZimmern.So,while foodand identityarecloselylinked,and failureto respectauthenticity cancauseoffence,could therebe problemswiththewhole idea of authenticity
33.Which of the followingfactors causespeopletocareaboutauthenticityA.Taste.B.Tradition.C.Culture.D.Identity.
34.What isthe main ideaofparagraph3A.Eateries indifferentcountriescontribute tothe authenticproblem.B.Expectation aboutauthenticity maycause problems.C.Asian foodis cheaperthan Europeanfood.D.You canenjoy thetraditional tasteofMexicanfood bothin Mexicoand America.
35.Which statementmight StephanieElizondoGreistagree withA.There canbe onlyone authentictaste ina country.B.What sheeats inTexas meansnothing to her.C.Every personcan havehis orher ownrecognition ofauthenticity.（特色菜）D.The regionalspecialities shouldbe the same ina country.
36.The underlinedword“altered“hasthesimilar meaningwith.A.changed B.kept C.trickedD.pressedPassage10（上•江苏连云港•高一校考期中）2022A bike path inKrommenie,a cityinthe Netherlands,isnt justhelping people（铺）（太阳能电）也），get around—its alsoproducing energy.The path,named SolaRoad,is pavedwith solarcellswhich usethe powerof thesun tomake electricity.The projectwas createdto showthatthe places wherepeople ride,walk,or drivecanalsoserve toproduce energy.And thesolar-powered path is doinga betterjob thanexpected.So far,ithascreated enoughelectricity topower threehousesforayear.（太阳能板）.（可再生的）Many citiesalready coverrooftops withsolar panelsBy usingrenewable sources of energy,urban areascan decreasetheir dependenceon fossilfuels,like coal,oil,and naturalgas.Renewable sourcesof energydontget usedup orcreate pollutionas fossilfuels do.Roads couldprovide aneven largerspace thanroofs toharvest energyfrom thesun.Sten deWit,one of theresearchers behindSolaRoad,says,In theNetherlands,we haveabout140,000kilometers ofroads.Its ahuge area,morethan allof therooftops combined.^^（混凝土板）To createthe experimentalbike path,the SolaRoadteam laiddown concrete slabs withrows ofsolar cellsabove.A layerof strong glass coversand protectsthe cells.Sunlight passesthroughtheglass andinto thecells,which turnthesunlight into electrical energy.Although thebike pathwas expensiveto build,withtheenergy itproduces,it couldpay foritself within15years.Bybuilding solar-powered bike paths androads,cities couldproduce enoughenergy topower streetlamps,traffic lights,andeven electriccars.Most peopledont noticethatthebikepathis differentfromatraditional street.Sten deWit says,“Thatis exactlywhat wewant:it doeswhatever ithastodo to beaproper roadwhile harvestingsolar energyatthesame time.”
37.What dowe knowabout renewablesourcesofenergyA.They arefriendly tothe environment.B.They areonly fitfor urban areas.C.They aremore expensivethan fossilfuels.D.They providemore energythan fossilfuels.•leiele以^^=concreteslabsF solarcells_____________=strongglass）//////////
38.Which of the followingshows the right structureof thebikepath
39.What canwe knowfrom thelastparagraphA.Not allpeople considerSolaRoads areuseful.B.SolaRoads lookthesameas traditionalroads.C.Most urbanareas cantafford tobuild SolaRoads.D.The solar-powered bikepathisworth theeffort.A.
40.What canbe the best titleof the textA.New solarcells taketheplaceof traditionalsolar panels.C.B.A bikepath intheNetherlandsproduces energyfrom thesun.C.A newkindofsolar-powered bikegets readyto amazeyou.D.A newway ofmaking solarcells promisescheaper power.逐项比较，得出最佳
3.做阅读理解题，切不可凭主观印象，想当然地确定答案任何一道题目，均可以在原文中找到相关线索，这就如同破译密码一样做题人的思维过程和编题人的思维过程恰好相反，编题人先找好线索，然后设计问题和选项，解题人根据问题，再去文中找相关线索因此，我们做题时要逐项比较，排除错误选项，得出最佳答案.吃透文章文章大意和中心思想4任何一篇文章都会有一个主旨和中心有时从文章的第一个段落，甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨大意，从这一段或这个句子，我们就会知道文章描述的是什么（即文章的主题），也会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容有时，文章的主旨要义则需从文章的字里行间去浓缩去推断这类试题主要考查考生略读文章、领会驾驭大意的能力，它对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求.理解文中具体信息5文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础命题人员往往会要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题.根据上下文语境，准确推断生词的词义6正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章但英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境会有所不同能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是一个合格的读者所必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力.作出简单判断和推理7阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即作者所要传达的信息在实际的阅读活动中，有时需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等.准确把握作者的意图、观点和态度8每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意”对英语阅读能力的考查是英语高考的重中之重，除阅读理解题外，其他各种题型从单项填空到书面表达尤其是完形填空和短文该错都与我们的英语阅读能力有密切的关系难怪有的教师在分析高考英语试卷时得出这样的结论“得阅读者得天下细节理解题直接信息题
1.★解题方略
①认真阅读题干，根据关键词明确答题方向
②运用略读及查读技巧迅速找到文中与问题相关的信息
③仔细比较所给选项，与原文信息对应，锁定正确选项设题方式
①When/Where didthe stoiyhappen
②Which of the followingstatements isnot correct/wrong/false
③Which of the followingstatements isnot mentioned/included inthe passage
④Who wouldmost probablyenter fbrTake aview
⑤AH thestatements aretrue except.©Which ofthe followingis TRUEabout©Which ofthe maps/diagrams shows the rightposition of....间接信息题2★解题方略
①阅读题干，有针对性地扫读原文，锁定相关词句等信息
②仔细比较选项和原文信息，选择正确或最佳的答案
③准确理解每个选项的意思，寻找与原文信息相关的同义词，近义词或反义词设题方式
①Which istheright order ofthe eventsgiven inthe passage
②By the first sentenceofthe passage,the authormeansthat...
③Whats therightorderofthe events relatedto...
④In the passage,the authorstates that...
⑤What wasthe reasonfbr...
⑥What canwe learnaboutthepet lizard....数字计算题3★解题方略
①明确题干要求，锁定原文相关信息
②对相关信息和数字进行分析和理解
③利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案设题方式
①Which numbershould youcall ifyou want to workwiththeelderly
②How many/How much...推理判断题.隐含与预测推断1★解题方略
①锁定题干中等词，明确答题方向infer,conclude,suggest,imply,indicate,assume
②根据语篇，对事件可能产生的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行推理
③浏览四个选项，首先排除与原文信息一样的选项
④立足原文，结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行合乎逻辑的推断设题方式
①It canbe inferred from thetext that.
②According to...,wecaninfer that.
③The storyimplies that.©Compared withother similarproducts,thenewdesign.
⑤It canbe concludedfromthe passage that.
⑥The passage/writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that.©We caninferfromthefirst/last passage that.
⑧The underlinedsentence indicatesthat.
⑨Which ofthe followingcanbe inferredfromthe passage.文章出处题2★解题方略
①原则从文章的内容或结构判断起出处
②方法对号入座——报纸前面常会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称广告格式特殊，容易辨认产品说明常含有操作方式、使用方法等网页常还有网页的典型用语设题方式
①The textis most likelyto be takenfrom.
②Where canwe mostprobably readthis text
③The passage is likelyto appearin,©Where isthe passagemost likelytohavebeen takenfrom
⑤Where isthis textmost likelyfrom©Where canthetextbe found观点态度题——关键词句法
3.★解题方略
①选项常用词匚一subjective/objective/neutral/indifferent/unclear positive/approval/optimistic/hopefulnegative/disapproval/critical/pessimistic/doubtful/skeptical
②关键词句法——全面理解文章的内容和中心思想抓住体现人物观点态度的关键句或列举的事例注意流露作者思想倾向或感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词设题方式
①It canbeinferredfromthe passagethat.
②What conclusioncanbedrawn fromthe passage
③From the passage wecan concludethat.
④The attitudeofthe author towardssomebody/something is.
⑤The authorsattitude towards...canbebest describedas.
⑥The toneof this passage isbest describedas.©What doesthe authormostlikelywanttotell us（）§What canwe learnaboutthe author soonafter hemoved toLondon词句猜测题.词（短语）义猜测题1★解题方略
①依据构词法猜测词（短语）义——合成、派生、转化
②依据反义词和对比关系猜测词（短语）义---but/yet/however/nevertheless/while/whereas/otherwise/orelse/unlike/instead/rather than/by contrast/compared to/on thecontrary/onthe other hand
③依据定义、解释或同位关系猜测词（短语）义---tobedefined as/tobecalled/that istobe/to mean/to refer（）to/that isto say/in otherwords/namely
④依据上下文猜测词（短语义）——因果关系、同位关系、对比关系、转折关系设题方式
①According tothe passage,the wordprobably means.
②The underlinedword means.（）3What doesthe wordmean inthe secondparagraph©Which ofthe followingistheclosest inmeaning tothe underlinedpart
⑤As usedinthe passage,thephrasesuggests.
⑥The word...could bestbe replacedby.©The authoruses the word...to mean..指代猜测题2★解题方略
①方法——宏观把握——充分把握代词指代所在的段落或前面段落的整体意义微观入手——抓住关键词或关键句，理清逻辑关系
②人称代词------it,they,them,he,she等
③不定代词------something,anything,someone,anyone等
④指示代词------this,that,these,those等设题方式What doyou thinkthe expressionstands forTheword...could bestbe replacedby.（）In the...paragraph,theword...means refersto.According tothe passage,...probably means.主旨大意题归纳文章标题
1.★解题方略
①方法——中心句法——根据文章中心句，提炼主题词充当文章标题当文章的写作对象特点较多时，常用写作对象的名称充当文章的题目1=1——将文章的写作对象和其主要特点、意义或影响整合充当文章的题目1+1=1
②特点——概括性——抽象、准确、简短，常用一个短语或一句话针对性——标题外延恰当，与文章内容相符，避免以偏概全醒目性——新颖奇特，激发读者的阅读兴趣设题方式
①The best title/headline forthis passagemightbe.
②The text/passage couldbe entitled.
③What isthebest titleforthe passage
④Which ofthe followingwould besuitable asa titleforthe passage
⑤Which ofthe followingisthebesttitleofthepassage（）6What wouldbe thebesttitleforthepassage
⑦The mostappropriate titleofthepassage is.
⑧What isthe maintheme ofthepassage.概括文章大意（主旨大意）2★解题方略
①借助段落主题句归纳——常见位置——段首、段中、段末
②借助文章主题段归纳——常见位置——首段（新闻报道、议论文、说明文）、末段（记叙文、议论文）
③借助主题词归纳——抓住文中出现频率较高的主题词，然后对其进行概括和归纳，确定文章的主旨大意设题方式
①This passagechiefly dealswith/is mainlyconcerned about.
②Whats thetopic ofthe article3What isthe subjectdiscussed inthetext©With whattopic isthepassagechiefly concerned
⑤Whats the main idea/point ofthepassage@The subjectdiscussed inthis textis.
⑦From thepassage weknowthat.©Which ofthe followingbest statesthemain ideaofthepassage©Which ofthe followingstatements bestexpresses themainidea/theme ofthepassage⑩In thispassage theauthor discussesprimarily.The general/mainideaofthepassageisabout.段落大意题
3.★解题方略方法概括段落大意1:要准确概括某段的大意，务必要知道该段的逻辑结构如该段是按总分顺序组织，首句做总的说明，其他句子对其进行具体论述，这种结构的主题句就在段首；如果按分总顺序组织，主题句就在段尾；如果按分总分的顺序组织，则主题句就在这段话的中间；如果对比各事物，那么它们的共同点或不同点就是该段大品、O方法揣摩段落大意2有时，作者可能不直接写出主题句，而是通过各种方法暗示给读者，这就需要读者充分发挥想象力与判断力，揣摩段落大意设题方式
①What doestheauthortellusin Paragraph...
②The mainideaofthe secondparagraph probablyis.
③The firstparagraph is mainly about.©Which ofthe followingcan bestsummarize Para.
1.篇章结构题4★解题方略⑴段落篇章论证方式——按照事物发展的顺序、按照事件的先后顺序、按照人物的活动内容、按照地点和空间的变换四步解题法——2
①抓文章中心句——重视文章首段和末段
②抓段落中心句——重视段落首句和尾句
③看段间逻辑关系——总分式结构总——分；总——分——总；分——总对照式结构———正一反并列式结构——平行关系，相对独立
④对比选项定答案设题方式
①Which ofthe followingshows thedevelopment ofideas inthispassage
②Which ofthe followingshowsthestructure/organization ofthepassage
③The secondparagraph isdeveloped by
④The passageismainlydeveloped/organized by
⑤How doestheauthordevelop thepassagePassage1（上•江苏•高一校联考阶段练习）2023When ArielRojas rodeher biketo BayWildlife Reservein Queens,NewYork,last November,she plannedto gohiking andbird-watching.A mileinto herwalk,she suddenlyspotted abeautifulswan strugglingnear thewaters edge.Ariel,30,who hadworked atthe WildBird RecoveryCenter inManhattan knewthatswans werelikelytoview herasapredator andattack herbut asshe approachedthis one,it didntmove.She wascertain thatthe birdneeded medicalattention,so shecovered herjacket overthe birdshead tokeep itcalm,gently pickedit upbut thena thoughtstruck her:What shouldI donext Thenearest WildBird RecoveryCenter wasacrossthe EastRiver andclear ontheotherside oftown.How wasshe going to carrya17-pound swanon her bike all thatway Luckily,some strangersdriving byoffered her,herbike,andthe swan alift toa nearbysubway station.On thesubway,no oneseemed tobe particularlybothered bythe featheredpassenger.One guy,“said Ariel,was sittingright infront of meon hisphone.I dontknow ifheevennoticed therewasaswan infrontofhim.Rojas calledthe centerontheway,and TristanHiggin,an animal-care manager,picked herup atthe subwaystationand drovebird,bike,and Rojastothefacility.There,staff membersdetermined thatthe swanmight haveheavy metalpoisoning,caused bytaking inweights usedon fishinglines.The staffgot the swan backup onher feet,She evenmadefriends atthecenter-another injuredswan.Sadly,even withallthatloving care,theswandidnt pickup.Two monthsafterRojas cametoheraid,she passedaway.Its adisappointing ending,but thereal storyis justhow farsome peoplearewilling togo tosave aswan inthe bigcity.In all,Rojas traveledtwo hoursby foot,car,and subwaywhile draggingherbike.
1.What doesthe underlinedword“predator“in paragraph1meanA.A potentialvolunteer,B.A likelyaudience.C.A potentialkiller.D.A likelyhelper.
2.According tothepassage,which ofthe followingstatements istrueA.It waseasy forAriel tocarry thelittle swan.B.The swanran intoher wayand washit.C.Rojas senttheswantothecenter allby herself.D.The swanwas kindlyand lovinglytreated.
3.Which ofthe followingcan bestdescribe RojasA.Kind-hearted andimaginative.B.Caring andhelpful.C.Strong-minded andenergetic.D.Positive andcreative,i
4.What maybe thebesttitleofthepassageA.A PoorSwan Savedby Love.B.A VolunteerLoving andSaving Birds.C.Loving Honksto SaveSwans.D.A PoorSwan Surroundedwith Love.Passage2（2023上•江苏无锡・高一泰州中学校联考阶段练习）In thepast fiveyears,arevolution（革命）has gatheredpacein thetransport sector.Electric carshave hitthe mainstream.（）The latestfigures releasedon26April bythe InternationalEnergy AgencyIEA suggestalmost one-in-five new（插电式？昆合动力）cars soldworldwide thisyear willbe eithera full-battery orplug-in hybridmodels.In total,14million ofthese kindsof vehiclesare expectedtobesold thisyear,up fromaround amillion in
2017.（干预）.This explosivegrowth isa testamentto industryinnovation andgovernment interventionsFalling batterycostshave deliveredlonger-range cars,boosting theirconsumer appeal.Meanwhile,government policies,including（柴油）upcoming restrictionsonthesale ofnew petroland dieselcars insome countries,have causedpeopletochoosezero-emission driving.But althoughelectrification ofthe globalvehicle fleetbrings climatebenefits,there isalso causefor concern.SUVshave beengrowing inpopularity inrecent years,accounting for42%of allcar sales in
2020.At thesame time,electricSUVs havealso gained ground,representing roughly35%of electricpassenger carsalesin
2022.Electric SUVsare stillgreener thantheir petroland dieselcounterparts,but theirsize andweight erasesomeoftheclimate gainsfrom movingtoelectric vehicles.Their largerbatteries alsorequire moreraw minerals,putting extrapressureon alreadystretched globalsupplies.The trendtowards largercars isdefinitely notdesirable atall,“says ChristianBrandfrom theUniversity ofOxford.（废气）Air pollutionis anotherworry.The benefitof movingtoanelectricvehicle,from anexhaust emissionpointof viewis prettysmall,“says FrankKelly fromImperial CollegeLondon.And sinceelectric vehiclesstill producepollutionfrom theirtyres,brakes androad wear,air pollutionwont fullygo away.Were stillgoingtohaveapretty bigproblemin ourcities Jsays Kelly.As such,governments mustdo moreto reducecar dependency,particularly in urbanareas,says Kelly.Clean publictransportisthesolution toour airpollution probleminurbanareas.he says.
5.What doesParagraph3mainly talkaboutA.How thecar industrytransformed.B.Why peopleturn toelectricvehicles.C.A predictionofthecar industrysfuture.D.A comparisonbetween electricvehicles andtraditional ones.
6.Which ofthe followingcan bestreplace theunderlinedpart“gainedground^^in paragraph4A.Met withopposition.B.Control themarket.（下降）.C.Made significantprogress.D.Gone intogradual decline
7.What doesKelly suggestpeople doA.Use publictransport.B.Share carswith others.C.Stop usingpetrol vehicles.D.Choose smallerelectricvehicles.。
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