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限时练习40min完成时间.•月日天气:作业非谓语动词做主语、宾语以及表语02积累运用一.非谓语动词的时态和语态形式时态主动被动动词ingdoing beingdone完成时having donehaving beendone不定式一般时to do to bedone完成时to havedone to have beendone进行时to bedoing^_过去分词表被动done或完成二.非谓语动词在句中可充当的主语、宾语和表语情况形式做主语做宾语做表语doing JV Vto do JV JdoneJ与作主语时区别
1.to dodoing作主语，强调具体的某次动作或行为；ltodo作主语，强调习惯性的行为常见作主语的固定结构有2doing doing做...没有好处It isno gooddoing...It isno usedoing…做・..没有用It isa wasteof timedoing…做.・.浪费时间做…是值得的It isworthwhile doing...与做表语时区别
2.to do,doing done作表语，表示主语的具体内容，表将来的动作行为与目的主语通常是表示“意图、计划、打算等”词lto do汇，如wish,plan,intention,dream,task,...；⑵doing作主语，表示抽象或经常发生的动作行为，常常表示“职业、身份等响汇，如job,career,work,duty....；⑶done作表语，表示“感到…”或啜…”microbiology and today there are32institutes across29countries.For everychild vaccinatedagainst adeadly disease,wehave Louis Pasteur tothank.（路易斯・巴斯德因为在生物学、化学和医学上的进步而获得了许多奖项他创立了巴斯德研究所来研究疾病它是第一所教授微生物学的大学，如今在个国家有个研究所对于每一个接种疫2932苗预防致命疾病的孩子，我们都要感谢路易斯・巴斯德）”结合本文介绍了微生物学家LouisPasteur,他发现了疫苗接种，拯救了亿万人类的生命可以推测，本文写作目的在于缅怀这位伟大的科学家，提醒我们不要忘记他的卓越贡献故选A
二、完形填空Weve become part of the Lendaer Group,an eco-village inDenmark.After studyingenvironmental scienceI was9tochange my lifestyle.I wanted to live10the land and to provide our own food and11・We alsowantedto live inacommunity with12people aroundus.It tookus10years to13it.（干稻草）.Now Ilive ina roundhousemade out of strawIt isnot what I wouldcall low-cost housing.The costis your14You haveto have great willpower.We hadto15everything because we had no spare money when we moved here.（水电）I thinkweve donewhatI16to do:grow our own foodand provide ourown resources.We havehydro powerand solar panelsand wefeel likewere not17the planefsresources.We18produce such as eggplants,peas andcarrots.We have nut trees and apple trees.We have
9.5acres ofland and（修剪）keep sheep.I earnabout20,000a year.Most ofmy19comes fromshearing oursheep,and usingthe20to run（纺织）.（再投资）willow-weaving Ifwe havespare fruit,we21them too.But we reinvest most of the money in the22and animalcare.Organic clothesare very23but Ido choosethem.We mightspend about150a monthon eatingout asa family.Wealways try and shop local produce24its more expensive.We dontgo holidaya lotbut whenwe dowe try to travelby train.It takesa longtime butfor meif sabout the25,not thedestination.VLooking back,d arguebeing organicis26for anyone.It costsyou nextto nothing-just time and27If peoplewant to be healthierand28for themselves,they cando it.
9.A.allowed B.expected C.inspired D.required
10.A.in connectionwith B.in exchangefor C.in responseto D.in honorof
11.A.education B.electricity C.oxygen D.sunshine
12.A.cold-hearted B.white-haired C.similar-minded D.near-sighted
13.A.find B.purchase C,make D.recover
14.A.money B,pleasure C・future D.energy
15.A.borrow B・create C.dismiss D.overlook
16.A.went on B・joined upC.set outD.called in
17.A.searching for B.using upC.researching intoD.selling out
18.A.promote B.export C・grow D.buy
19.A.income B,experience C.knowledge D.entertainment
20.A.materials B,equipment C・techniques D.influence
21.A.donate B.throw C,keep D.sell
22.A.books B・garden C.house D.study
23.A.common B,tough C.casual D.expensive
24.A.as ifB,even ifC,now thatD.in case
25.A.comfort B.speed C,transport D.journey
26.A.achievable B・changeable C.impossible D.visible
27.A.effort B・fame C.success D.health
28.A.compete B.defend C.provide D.vote
9.C
10.A
11.B
12.C
13.
14.D
15.
16.C
17.B
18.C
19.A
20.A
21.D
22.
23.
24.B
25.D
26.A
27.A
28.C【答案】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章文章通过作者叙述自己成功过上有机生活的经历告诉我们，如果想要健康和自给自足，任何人都可以实现有机生活的方式考查动词词义辨析句意在学习了环境科学之后，我受到启发要改变我的生活方式允许;
9.A.allowed期待；启发；要求根据上文以及下文B.expected C.inspired D.required“After studyingenvironmental science”“change可推知，此处应表示作者在了解境科学之后，受到启发决定改变自己的生活方式故选项mylifestyle”C考查介词短语辨析句意我想在这片与我们息息相关的土地上生活，提供我们自己的食物和电力
11.教育；电力;氧气；阳光根据下文A.education B.electricity C.oxygen D.sunshine“grow ourown foodand provideour.和（水电）可知,此处是指给自己提供食物和电力故选ownresourcesWe havehydro power andsolar panels”B项考查形容词短语辨析句意我们也想和志同道合的人住在一起冷酷的；白
12.A.cold-hearted B.white-haired头发的；志同道合的；近视的根据上文C.similar-minded D.near-sighted Wevebecomepart of theLendaerGroup,”可知，作者想和志同道合的人住在一起故选项an eco-village inDenmark.C考查动词词义辨析句意我们花了年时间才做到这一点找到；购买；做；
13.10A.find B.purchase C.makeD.recover恢复根据上文提到的作者的设想这片土地上自给自足，以及该句中的“It tookus10years,,可知，此处应表示作者他们花了年时间才做到这一点亡成功或达到目标:故选项10make iC考查名词词义辨析句意代价是你的能量金钱；乐趣；未来；能
14.A.money B.pleasure C.future D.energy量根据下文可知，这里环境非常艰苦，会消耗你的意志力和能量故选项“You haveto havegreat willpower.”D考查动词词义辨析句意我们不得不创造一切，因为我们搬到这里时没有多余的钱借来;
15.A.borrow B.create创造；解雇；忽视根据下文可知，此C.dismiss D.overlook“becausewehadnosparemoneywhenwemovedhere”处应表示我们不得不创造一切故选项B考查动词短语辨析句意我认为我们已经完成了我的目标种植我们自己的食物，提供我们自己的资源
16.继续；联合；着手去做；召集根据上文A.went onB.joined upC.set outD.called in“I wantedtolive10the land and.”可知,这两件事是在生态村首先要着手去toprovideourownfoodand11做的，空格处所在的句子意为我们已经完成了当初着手要做的事情故选项c考查动词短语辨析句意我们有水力发电和太阳能电池板，我们觉得我们没有耗尽地球的资源
17.A.searching搜寻；用完；深入研究；卖完根据上文（水电）forB.using upC.researching intoD.selling out“We havehydro可知，作者认为他们没有耗尽地球的资源故选项powerandsolarpanels”B考查动词词义辨析句意我们种植诸如茄子、豌豆和胡萝卜之类的农产品促进；出口；
18.A.promote B.export种植；买根据上文提到的以及该句中的由C.grow D.buy“grow ourown fdod”“suchas eggplants,peas andcarrots”此可知，此处应表示种植诸如茄子、豌豆和胡萝卜之类的农产品故选项C考查名词词义辨析句意我的大部分收入来自剪羊毛，以及用剪羊毛的材料做柳编收入;
19.A.income B.经历；知识；娱乐根据上文由此可知，此处experience C.knowledge D.entertainment“I earnabout20,000a year.”应表示我的大部分收入来自剪羊毛故选项A考查名词词义辨析句意我的大部分收入来自剪羊毛，以及用剪下的材料做柳编材料;
20.A.materials设备；技术；影响根据句意以及下文可知，此处B.equipment C.techniques D.influence“to runwillow-weaving.”应表示用剪下的羊毛做柳编故选项A.考查动词词义辨析句意如果我们有多余的水果,我们也会把它们卖掉捐赠；扔；21A.donate B.throw Ckeep保持；卖根据下文（再投资）可知，此处应表示有多余的水果会把它们D.sell“wereinvestmostof themoney”卖掉故选项D考查名词词义辨析句意但是我们把大部分的钱再投资在园艺和动物护理上书；花园；
22.A.books B.garden房子；学习根据上文C.house D.study“We18produce suchaseggplants,peas andcarrots.We可知，作者和家人从事种植和养羊这两件事，havenuttreesandappletrees.We have
9.5acres oflandandkeep sheep.”所以大部分的钱也投入到这两方面故选项B考查形容词词义辨析句意有机服装很贵，但我确实会选择它们共同的；艰难的；
23.A.common B.tough C.随便的；昂贵的根据下文再结合下文casual D.expensive“but Ido choosethem.”“We alwaystry andshop localproduce可矢口,此处应表示有机服装很贵，但作者确实会选择它们故选项24_its moreexpensive.”D考查连词词义辨析句意:我们总是尽量买本地产品，即使它更贵似乎;即使;既
24.A.as ifB.even ifC.now that然；万一结合语境可知与可知，上下文语意D.in caseWe alwaystryandshoplocalproduce itsmoreexpensive”逻辑之间是让步关系故选项B考查名词词义辨析句意这需要很长时间，但对我来说，重要的是过程，而不是目的地安慰；
25.A.comfort速度；交通；旅程根据上文B.speed C.transport D.journey“We dontgo holidaya lotbut whenwe dowe try to travel我可知，我们很注重旅程本身，而不是急于到达目的地故选项by train.It takesa longtime…D考查形容词词义辨析句意回顾过去，我认为对任何人来说，有机化都是可以实现的可实
26.A.achievable现的；多变的；不可能的；可视的根据下文B.changeable C.impossible D.visible“It costsyou nextto nothing—Just.”可知，对于每一个人来说，有机的生活方式并不难，是可以实现的故选项timeand27A.考查名词词义辨析句意它几乎不花费你什么——只是时间和努力努力；名声；27A.effort B.fame C.success成功；健康根据上文提到在生态村需要自给自足以及强大的意志力等细节描写可知，此处应表示你需D.health要努力创造才能过上自给自足的有机生活故选项A考查动词词义辨析句意如果人们想要更健康，自给自足，他们可以做到竞争；防
28.A.compete B.defend卫；提供；投票根据前文对有机生活自给自足这一主要特点的叙述，以及该句中的C.provide D.vote“If peoplewant可知，此处应表示如果人们想要更健康，自给自足，他们可以做到故选项to behealthier”C拓展突破练（全国中卷.阅读理解篇）
1.2023B Theaverage spendper projectwill bearound£
823.Two thirdsof people（）aim improvetheir comfortwhile athome.【答案】to improve【详解】考查非谓语动词句意每个项目的平均支出约为英镑三分之二的人希望改善自己在家时的舒823适度表示“目的为了...，所以填aim to dotoimprove（全国甲卷,阅读理解篇）（）
2.2023D putelectric fencingaround chickenhouses andother farmanimal quartersis also（）highly effectiveat getgrizzlies away.【答案】Putting;getting【详解】考查非谓语动词句意在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊句子的主语为应该用动名词作electric fencingaround chickenhouses andother farmanimal quarters,主语；为介词，后面应该用动词形式作宾语,所以分别填和at ingPutting gettingo（全国甲卷,阅读理解篇）（）
3.2023D Ourhope ishave aclean,attractant-free placewhere bearscan passthrough withoutlearningbad habits.【答案】tohave【详解】考查非谓语动词句意我们希望有一个干净，没有吸引力的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯表示将来的意图打算，所以应用不定式，所以填My hopet have
4.（2023全国甲卷.七选五）Instant gratification（5防足）may seemlike themost feelgood,,option at the time,but（）psychology researchsuggests waitfor thingsactually makesus happierin thelong run.【答案】waiting【详解】考查非谓语动词句意即时满足似乎是当时最能让人“感觉良好”的选择，但心理学研究表明，从长远看，等待实际上会让我们更快乐表示“建议”，后面加动名词作宾语，所以填suggest,waiting（新课标全国卷.阅读理解篇）（）
5.2023nBSome studentsget sointerest ingardening that they bringhome seedsto starttheir own vegetablegardens.【答案】interested【详解】考查非谓语动词句意有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始了自己的菜园为系动get词，后面应该用表语，又因为主语为所以应该用修饰人的表语，所以填some students,interested（新课标全国卷.阅读理解篇）
6.2023II CContinued developmentsin communicationtechnologies wereoncebelievedmake theprinted pageoutdated.【答案】to make【详解】考查非谓语动词句意通信技术的不断发展使印刷纸张过时了句子的主语为continued developments谓语动词为因为结构所以填in communicationtechnologies,were believed,be believedto do,to makeo北京高考.阅读理解篇
7.2023B Ijumped at the chance,andafew weekslater I was equallyshock——andoverjoy——when sheinvited meto talkwith herabout potentialprojects I could pursuein herlab.【答案】shocked;overjoyed【详解】考查非谓语动词句意我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊一同时也是欣喜若狂为系动词，后面非谓语动词应该作表语，且主was语为人，所以表语应该是过去分词形式所以填和shocked overjoyed新课标全国卷.阅读理解篇
8.2023I CThe goalof thisbook ismake thecase fordigital minimalism,including adetailedexploration ofwhat it asks andwhy itworks,and thenteachyou howto adoptthis philosophyif youdecide ifsrightfor you.【答案】to make;to teach【详解】考查非谓语动词句意这本书的目的是为数字极简主义做一个案例，包括对它的要求和为什么它有效的详细探索，然后教你如何采用这种哲学，如果你认为它适合你为句子的主语,不定式The goalof thebook作表语表示将来的意图目的，所以应该用不定式而且，这本书的目的有两方面，即与为并列的谓语make teach动词所以分别填和to maketo teacho新课标全国卷.七选五
9.2023I Infact,dont waituntil youvemade amistake totry this—its a greatwayboost self-confidence at any time.【答案】to boost【详解】考查非谓语动词句意实际上，不要等到你犯错误了再去尝试一任何时间激发个人的自信是一种不错的方式...此处为形式主语，为真正的主语所以填It isagreatway to do it to doto boost全国乙卷.阅读理解篇
10.2023B livein Iowaand tryto becomea photographer风景specializing inlandscape can be quitea challenge,mainly becausethe cornstate lacksgeographical variation.【答案】Living;trying【详解】考查非谓语动词句意住在爱荷华州，努力成为一名专门从事风景摄影的摄影师可能是一个相当大的挑战，主要是因为玉米之州缺乏地理差异句子的主语应该是并列的两个非谓语形式，分别为和living trying,所以填入和Living tryingo三.非谓语结构中，与作宾语时异同情况doing to do意义相同的词有:1start,begin,continuestart to do=start doing;begin todo=begin doing;continue todo=continue doing2意义不同的词有forget,remember,stop,try,regret,mean,can，t help,go onforget todo忘记要去做某事；forget忘记做过某事doing记得要去做某事；记得做过remember todo rememberdoing停止做某事；停止做某事stop todo stopdoing努力做某事；试着做某事trytodo trydoing遗憾得去做某事；后悔做过某事regret todo regret doing打算做某事；意味着做某事mean todo meandoing不能帮助做某事；情不自禁做某事can helptodocant helpdoing继续去做另一件事；继续做之前的事go on todogo ondoingHl巩固提升练根据括号内所给的词完成句子
1.Zhang Yugunmanagedhelp childrenin poorareas torealize theirdream ofgoing touniversity,so not a singlechild inhisvillage droppedoutofschool because of poverty.【答案】to help【详解】考查非谓语动词句意张玉滚设法帮助贫困地区的孩子实现了上大学的梦想，所以他的村里没有一个孩子因为贫困而辍学固定搭配意为“设法做成某事”，设空处应填动词的不定式，manage tdo sthhelp作的宾语所以填manage to help
2.Listening to his lecture,I felldeeply inlove withscience andhave madeup myminddevote mylife toscience in thefuture.【答案】to devote【详解】考查非谓语动词句意听了他的讲座，我深深地爱上了科学并决心在未来献身于科学make upone,s意为“下定决心做某事，在句中作宾语，所以填mind todo sth.to devoteto devoteo
3.Not thatway/9my momtriedstop mebut failed.She wasright.It didntturn outas Ihad wished.【答案】to stop【详解】考查不定式句意“不是那样的，我妈妈试图阻止我，但失败了她是对的结果并不如我所愿由可知，句子表示“我妈妈试图阻止我，但失败了”，“试图做某事”是固定短语因此空格“but failed”trytodo,处是不定式作宾语，所以填to Stopto stopo
3.1then madeitapointattend thosemeetings andlearn allIcould.【答案】to attend【详解】考查非谓语动词句意然后，我决定参加这些会议，尽我所能学习为固定用法，make+it+n+todo为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语所以填it toattend
5.An athleteaddicted toclimbrocks builta climbingwall inhis livingroom whenhe wasforced toremain indoorsby aCOVID-19lockdown.【答案】climbing【详解】考查动名词句意当一名攀岩成瘾的运动员因新冠疫情封锁而被迫待在室内时，他在客厅里建了一面攀岩墙沉迷于做某事，是介词，后面用动名词形式所以填be addictedto doingsth toclimbing
6.Baggy hasbecome the first dogintheUK-and potentiallythe world——to jointhe fightagainst airpollution byrecordpollutant levelsnear theground.【答案】recording【详解】考查非谓语动词句意通过记录近地面的污染物水平，成为英国乃至可能世界上第一只加入Baggy对抗空气污染斗争的狗根据空前的介词可知，这里应用动名词形式，作介词的宾语，且和逻辑主语by Baggy之间为主动关系所以填recording
8.Bishop sayssince robotshavegreatdifficultyunderstand humor,she feelslike itgives herbetter jobsafety asacomedy performer.【答案】understanding【详解】考查非谓语句意说，由于机器人很难理解幽默，她觉得这让作为喜剧演员的她拥有更好Bishop的工作安全感分析句子可知，这里考查表“做某事有困难”，所以这里应填动名have difficultyin doingsth词作宾语所以填understanding
9.It tookunusual determination and couragebridgethe gapbetween themiddle classand thepoor.【答案】to bridge【详解】考查非谓语动词句意弥合中产阶级和穷人之间的差距需要不同寻常的决心和勇气ittakes something是固定句型，是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，所以填todosth.it tobridge tobridge
10.It isup toyoudecide whether to goshopping ornot.【答案】to decide【详解】考查不定式句意由你决定是否去购物根据句意及句子结构可知，本题考查短语It isup tosb.todo表示“由某人决定做某事”，故填不定式，为形式主语，代替后面的不定式，所以填sth.,ittdecide
11.The professoris easyapproach,and allthe youngteachers liketo askfor advicefrom him.to approach【答案】to approach【详解】考查非谓语动词句意那位教授很容易接近，所有的年轻教师都喜欢向他请教根据所给句子分析，将本句进行改写为由此得知本句中为真正的主语，To approachthe professoriseasy,“to approachthe professor”是用来形容“接近教授这件事很容易，此处为非谓语作主语，所以填easy toapproach toapproacho
12.There isnodoubt thatit isvitalknowsome knowledgeof firstaid asdanger lieseverywhere andaccidents happenfrom timeto time.【答案】to know【详解】考查非谓语动词句意毫无疑问，掌握一些急救知识是至关重要的，因为危险无处不在，事故也时有发生.“做某事是……的是固定句型，是形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语所以it be+adj.+tdsth it填to knowo
13.In April,thousands ofholiday-makers remainedstickabroad due to thevolcanic ashcloud.【答案】stuck【详解】考查非谓语动词句意在月，由于火山灰云，成千上万的度假者滞留在国外分析句子结构可知，4此空在系动词之后作表语，另外，主语与之间为被动关系，且该动作已经发生，所remain holiday-makers stick以使用过去分词所以填stuck
14.For thosewith familymembers faraway,the personalcomputer andthe phoneare essentialin stayingconnect.【答案】connected【详解】考查非谓语动词句意对于那些家庭成员远离的人来说，个人电脑和电话是保持联系的必要手段空前为系动词,意为保持…状态是固定短语,意为”与保持联系、联络，其中stay beconnected withconnected可以看作表示状态的形容词，用作表语所以填connected
15.You canget refreshafter applyingthe creamevenly to the skinof yourface andneck.【答案】refreshed【详解】考查非谓语动词句意将面霜均匀涂抹在面部和颈部皮肤上后，你可以精神焕发为连系动词，get后接过去分词作表语，getrefreshed变得精神抖擞，符合句意，所以填refreshed
16.My dreamisbecome anoutstanding architectafter graduation.【答案】to become【详解】考查非谓语动词句意我的梦想是毕业后成为一名杰出的建筑师分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少句子的表语，作主语，表语用不定式形式表示将来的动作，因而用动词不定式形式所以填dream Ibecomeo
17.The purposeof theprogram ispromotean openexchange ofideas andinformation.【答案】to promote【详解】考查非谓语动词句意该计划的目的是促进思想和信息的公开交流作主语，用不定式形purpose式作表语，不定式形式表示将来的动作，所以填t promote
18.The plotof thedrama wasso absorbthat thegirl wasattracted byit.【答案】absorbing【详解】考查非谓语动词句意这出戏的情节如此吸引人，女孩被它吸引住了修饰前面主语，指物用动词现在分词形式，相当于形容词作表语，吸引人的，符合题意所以填absorbing absorbing
19.The managertold methat my daily taskwas cleanthe floorsof thebuilding.【答案】cleaning【详解】考查非谓语动词句意经理告诉我，我的日常任务是打扫大楼的地板分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，应用动名词形式作句子表语，说明主语的内容，符合题意所以填mydailytask cleaning
20.It isno usetry toplay erhuif youare notgoing togive ityour bestshot.【答案】trying【详解】考查非谓语动词句意如果你不打算发挥出最好的水平，那么演奏二胡是没有用的it isnousedoing.做某事是没有用的，动名词作主语做形式主语所以填sth ittrying能力培优练«阅读理解AThe recentstory onTik Tokshowed howtwo neighborsfound companionshipduring thelock-down becauseof thepandemic,thanks toa share the loveof the piano.The storystarted whenGiorgio Lo Porto heardhis neighborplaying the piano throughtheir dividingwall.Lo Porto,an Italianliving inLondon,decided toreach out to hisneighbor andleft anote askinghim orhertoplay MyHeart WillGo二重奏On.The mysterynever agreed,leading Lo Porto tosend anothernote suggestingthey playa duettogether fromthe comfort of theirown homes.The mysteryneighbor startedplaying the piano at2:00pm,and whenhe stoppedafterfinishing a part ofthe song,Lo Portocontinued.Over time,the duetsbetween thetwocomplete strangersbecame aregular weekendappointment.Weeks later,the pairfinally metand itwas betterthan expected.The mysterypianist happenedtobea78-year-oldPolish mannamed Emil,who wasliving intemporary accommodationuntil his house wassold.He losthis wifeinDecember dueto COVID-19and allhe hadleft was thepiano.And the reason why he played at2:00pm everyweekendwas that he and his wife used todo that.The pairfinished afinal duettogether-Beethovens MoonlightSonata-before Emilmoved outattheend ofFebruary.While thisis heartwarmingin itself,the storyhas aheartbreaking ending:On March14,Lo Porto shared that his oldneighborhad passedaway inhis sleep.He said,“Now heis reunitedwith his wife/9While sayinggoodbye toEmil,Lo Portowrote,Dear Emil,I knewvery littleabout you,but youchanged mylife.VYou giveme backmy passion,and weshared thatwith theworld.You willbe in my heart.11keep playing,thinking ofhow powerful music canbe.You saidIwasyour light,but youvebeen mine,too.Bye,
1.What happenedafter Lo Portoleft thesecond notefor EmilA.They sharedtheir playingskill witheach other.B・They composeda newsong basedonaclassic.C.They performthe musictogetherthrough thewall.D.They reachedouttoneighbors tocheer themup.
2.Why didEmil playthepiano ataspecial timeA.To advertisehishouse.B.To comfortstrangers.C.To uploadhis updates.D.To rememberhis wife.
3.What isthe sadpartofthe storyinthe author9s opinionA.Emils passingaway.B・Lo Porto9s departure.C-Their finalperformance.D.The unfamiliaritybetween them.
4.What doesLo Portomainly conveyat lastA.It iseasy tosay goodbye.B.He admiredEmils ambition.C.Music isa universallanguage.D.Emil positivelyinfluenced him.I.c【答案】
2.D
3.A
4.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了两个陌生邻居在疫情隔离期间隔墙合奏音乐的感人故事细节理解题根据文章第二段
1.The mysterynever agreed,leading LoPorto tosend anothernote suggestingthey play（二重奏）a duettogether fromthecomfortoftheirownhomes.The mysteryneighbor startedplaying thepianoat2:00pm,and whenhe stoppedafter finishingapartofthesong,LoPortocontinued.Over time,the duetsbetween thetwo.（这位神秘的邻居同意了，于是洛•波尔图又发了一张complete strangersbecame aregular weekendappointment便条，建议他们在舒适的家中一起演奏二重唱这位神秘的邻居在下午点开始弹钢琴，当他弹完一首歌的一2部分后停了下来，洛・波尔图继续演奏随着时间的推移，这两个完全陌生的人之间的二重唱变成了周末的常规约会广可知，在给留了第二张便条后，他们开始隔墙合奏故选项LoPortoEmil C推理判断题根据文章第三段
2.“He losthiswifein DecemberduetoCOVID-19and allhe hadleft wasthepiano.And（去年月，他的妻子thereasonwhyheplayedat2:00pm everyweekend wasthatheandhiswifeusedtodothat.12因新冠肺炎去世，剩下的只有钢琴他之所以在每个周末的下午点弹奏是因为他和他的妻子过去经常这样做2广可推断，在每周末的下午两点弹钢琴是为了缅怀妻子故选项Emil D细节理解题根据第五段
3.“While thisis heartwarmingin itself,the storyhas aheartbreaking ending:On March14,Lo（虽然这本身很暖心，但故事的结局却令人心碎Portoshared that hisold neighborhad passedaway inhis sleep.3月14日，洛・波尔图分享了他的老邻居在睡梦中去世的消息）”可知，在作者看来，这个故事的结局令人心碎，因为去世了故选项Emil A推理判断题根据最后一段
4.You gaveme backmy passion,and wesharedthatwith theworld.Youll beinmyheart..（你燃起了我的热情，我们把它分享给了全世界你会Til keepplaying,thinking ofhowpowerfulmusiccanbe在我心里我会继续演奏，想象音乐有多么强大厂可知，让他重拾了对音乐的热情并且成为他生命中的一Emil道光由此可推断，主要想表达对他产生了积极的影响故选项LoPortoEmil DBThe next time you have cheese,remember theFrench scientistLouis Pasteurwho discovered that bad milk,and many（细菌）.diseases arecaused bybacteriaLouis Pasteuris knownasthefather ofmicrobiology.In hislifetime,he notonly provedthat bacteriaarethecauseof（接种疫苗）diseases,but alsodiscovered the process of vaccination whichhas savedbillions oflives.（霍舌）When Pasteurworked withchickens thatwere sufferingfrom choleraL duringhis experiments,heaccidentally spread cholera tohis chickens.Pasteurs chickensbecame mildlysick butdid notdie.This wasstrange aseverychicken thatcame nearcholera earlierhad died.He realizedsoon thatthe cholerahad becomeweak.By thetime hetried again,the chickenshe hadcured earlierdid notget choleraanymore.He realizedthat aweak cholerahelped hischickens develop an antibody against it.Later,Pasteur wenton totry thison cows,pigs anddogs.All hisresearch helpedhim developdifferent vaccines.Wenow know thattheprocess ofvaccination introduces a weakened kind of bacteria intoour body.Our bodyreacts bycreating antibodies to fight the bacteria.Now,when ourbody comesacross thesame bacteriawhich aremuch stronger,itcan fight them off.Louis Pasteurreceived numerousawards forthe advancementof biology,chemistry,and medicine.He foundedthePasteur Institute to study diseases.It wasthe firstuniversity toteach microbiologyand todaythereare32institutes across29countries.For everychild vaccinatedagainst adeadly disease,we haveLouis Pasteurto thank.
5.What dowe knowabout Louis PasteurA.His discoverieswerent usedathistime.B・He discoveredthe connectionbetween bacteriaand diseases.C.He wasa professoratthe Pasteur Institute.D.His discoveriesbrought manyprofits andawards tohim.
6.What canwe learn from hisexperiment withchickensA.Cholera wasnotadeadly diseasethen.B・Pasteur spreadcholera tochickens onpurpose.C.All chickenssuffered from cholera diedat last.D.The weakenedcholera couldntkill theliving creatures
7.What isthe functionoftheprocess ofvaccinationA.It buildsup peoplesbody.B.Without it,people willdie.C.It improvespeoples abilityto avoiddiseases.D.It cankill allthe diseasesand makethe sickhealthy.
8..Why doestheauthorwrite thepassageA.Because hewants tohonour Louis Pasteur andhis contributiontotheworld.B・Because hewants toshow thediscoveries ofthe vaccination.C.Because bewants tocall onchildren tolearnfromLouis PasteurD.Because hewants tointroduce animportant inventionin microbiology.【答案】
5.B
6.D
7.C
8.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文本文叙述了法国微生物学家他发现了疫苗接种，拯救了亿万人类的生Louis Pasteur,命细节理解题根据第一段
5.Thenexttimeyouhavecheese,remember theFrench scientistLouis Pasteurwho（细菌）.（下次你吃奶酪的时候，记得法国科学discoveredthatbadmilk,and manydiseases arecaused bybacteria家他发现了变质的牛奶，以及许多疾病是由细菌引起的）”可知，发现很多疾病是LouisPasteur,LouisPasteur由细菌引起的故选B推理判断题根据第三段（霍舌）
6.“When Pasteurworked withchickens thatwere sufferingfromcholeraL duringhisexperiments,he accidentallyspreadcholeratohischickens.Pasteurs chickensbecame mildlysick butdid notdie.Thiswas strangeas everychicken thatcame nearcholera earlierhad died.He realizedsoon thatthe cholerahad becomeweak.By thetime hetriedagain,the chickenshe hadcured earlierdid notget choleraanymore.He realizedthat aweak cholera（当巴斯德在实验中研究患有霍乱的鸡时，他不小心把霍乱传染helped hischickensdevelopanantibodyagainstit.给了他的鸡巴斯德的鸡出现轻微疾病，但没有死亡这很奇怪，因为之前每只靠近霍乱的鸡都死了他很快意识到霍乱已经不那么严重了当他再次尝试时，他之前治愈的鸡已经不再感染霍乱了他意识到一种微弱的霍乱有帮助，他的鸡产生了一种对抗霍乱的抗体厂可推知，有些鸡感染了霍乱却没有死，因为它们感染的霍乱已经被削弱了，故被削弱的霍乱无法杀死生物故选D细节理解题根据第四段
7.“Later,Pasteur wentontotry thison cows,pigs anddogs.All hisresearch helpedhimdevelop differentvaccines.We nowknowthattheprocessofvaccinationintroducesaweakenedkindofbacteriainto ourbody.Our bodyreacts bycreatingantibodiestofightthebacteria.Now,when ourbody comeacross thesame bacteria（后来，巴斯德继续在牛、猪和狗身上进行试验他所有的研究都帮which aremuch stronger,it canfightthemoff.助他开发了不同的疫苗我们现在知道，接种疫苗的过程会将一种衰弱的细菌引入我们的身体我们的身体通过产生抗体来对抗细菌现在，当我们的身体遇到同样的更强大的细菌时，它可以将它们击退厂可知，疫苗接种通过把弱化了的细菌注射进人体，使人体产生了对抗细菌的抗体，增强了应对感染的免疫力因此疫苗接种过程的作用是它能提高人们避免疾病的能力故选C推理判断题根据最后一段
8.LouisPasteurreceived numerousawards forthe advancementof biology,chemistry,andmedicine.He foundedthePasteurInstitutetostudydiseases.It wasthefirstuniversity toteach。
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