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【知识梳理】I.重点短语
1.a bottleof
2.a little
3.a lotof
4.all day
5.be from
6.be over
7.come back
8.come from
9.do ones homework
10.do theshopping
11.get down
12.get home
13.get to
14.get up
15.go shopping
16.have adrink of
17.have alook
18.have breakfast
19.have lunch
20.have supper
21.listen to
22.not・・・at all
23.put***away
24.take offof thestreet.街的两旁有树He getsup earlyevery morning.天天上午他者E起得早each可以用作形容词、副词和代词;every只能用作形容词如Each ofthem hashis ownduty.他们各人有各人的义务They eachwant to do somethingdifferent.他们每个人都想做不同的事情
17.一般现在时/现在进行时一般现在时表达经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表达说话者的能力,尚有自然现象;而现在进行时表达正在进行或发生的动作(构成方式为am/is/areAdoing)oI domy homeworkin the evening•我在晚上做作业Im doingmy homework now.我现在正在做作业现在进行时常与now,these days,at themoment或Look,listen等词连用;而一般现在时常与often,always,sometimes,usually,every day,in themorning,on Mondays等连用We oftenclean theclassroom after school.我们经常放学后打扫教室Look!They arecleaning theclassroom.看!他们正在打扫教室呢【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元重要集中在
1.动词一般现在时和现在进行时的用法,人称代词的用法,可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法
2.本册书中常见的交际用语
3.本册书中一些重点的词组和短语考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和短文填空【中考范例】
1.(2023年安徽省中考试题)----Hurry up!We reall waitingfor you.----I foran importantphone call.Go withoutme.A.wait B.was waitingC.am waitingD.waited【解析】答案Co表达现在正在进行的动作,用现在进行时
2.(2023年长春市中考试题)Could youhelp withEnglish,pleaseA.I,my B.me,me C.me,my D.my,I【解析】答案c第一个空作宾语,应用人称代词的宾格me,第二个空作定语,应用形容词性物主代词my
3.(2023年长春市中考试题)Dr.White canFrench verywell.A.speak B.talk C.say D.tell【解析】答案Ao说什麽语言常用动词speak
4.(2023年黄冈中考试题)English isspoken by_people.A.a lotB.much manyC.a largenumber ofD.a greatdeal of【解析】答案Co只有a largenumber of能用来修饰复数可数名词people
4.he,say,Beijing,big,beautiful,like,work,here
25.throw it like that
26.would like
27.in themiddle ofthe dayevening
28.in themorning/afternoon/
29.on afarm
30.in afactoryII.重要句型
1.Let sb.do sth.
2.Could sb.do sth.
3.would likesth.
4.would like to do sth.
5.What aboutsomething toeat
6.How doyou spell,••
7.May Iborrow---III.交际用语
1.—Thanks verymuch!一You,re welcome.
2.Put it/them away.
3.Whats wrongso.
4.I thinkso.I don,t thinktheclassroom.
5.I wantto takesome booksto
6.Give mea bottleof orangejuice,please.Please giveit/them backtomorrow.OK.
9.Whats yourfavourite sport
10.Don,t worry.
11.Im notgood atbasketball.
12.Do you want ago
13.Thats right./That sall right./All right.
14.Do youhave adictionary/any dictionariesYes,I do./No,I dont.
15.We/They havesome CDs.We/They dont have any CDs.
16.—What dayis ittoday/tomorrow----It sMonday.
17.------May Iborrow yourcolour pens,please---Certainly.Here youare.
18.------Where areyou from----From Beijing.
19.What,s yourtelephone numberin NewYork
20.-----Do youlike hotdogs----Yes,I do.A little./A lot./Very much.----No,I dont.I don,t likethem atall.
21.-----What doesyour motherlike----She likesdumplings andvegetables verymuch.
22.-----When doyou go to schoolevery day----I go to schoolat7:00every day.
23.-----What timedoes hegoto bed in theevening----He goestobedat10:
00.IV.重要语法
1.人称代词的用法;
2.祈使句;
3.现在进行时的构成和用法;
4.动词have的用法;
5.一般现在时构成和用法;
6.可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法【名师讲解】
1.Thats right./That sall right./All right.That sright意为“对的”,表达赞同对方的意见、见解或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断例如〃I thinkwe musthelp theold man.〃〃我想我们应当帮助这位老人〃“Thats right,〃或You reright.〃〃说得对〃That sall right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,用来回答对方的致谢或道歉例如“Manythanks.〃“Thats allright.〃/zSorry.Its broken.〃“Thats allright.,zAll right.意为“行了”、“可以”,表达批准对方的建议或规定有时还可以表达“身体很好”“Please tellme aboutit.〃〃请把此事告诉我〃All right.〃〃好吧〃Is yourmother allright你妈身体好吗
2.make/do这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不同,不能混用make指做东西或制东西,do指做一件具体的事Can youmake apaper boatfor me你能为我做个纸船吗?He sdoing hishomeworknow,他正在做他的作业
3.say/speak/talk/tellsay是最口语化的最普通的一个词,意为“说出”、“说道”,着重所说的话如“I wantto gothere bybus”,he said.他说,“我要坐汽车到那里去Please sayit inEnglish.请用英语说speak:“说话”,着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般用作不及物动词(即后面不能直接接宾语)如Can youspeak abouthim你能不能说说他的情况?I dontlike to speaklikethis.我不喜欢这样说话speak作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力如She speaksEnglish well.她英语说得好talk:与speak意义相近,也着重说话的动作,而不着重所说的话,因此,一般也只用作不及物动词,但是,talk暗示话是对某人说的,有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地和别人谈话如I wouldlike totalk tohim aboutit.我想跟他谈那件事01d womenlike totalk withchildren.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈tell:“告诉”,除较少情况外,一般后面总接双宾语如He stelling mea story.他在给我讲故事tell alie撒谎tell sb.todo sth./tell sb.not todo sth如.Miss Zhaooften tellsusto studyhard.
4.do cooking/do thecookingdo cooking作“做饭”解,属泛指do thecooking特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用some,much修饰从do somecooking可引出许多类似的短语do somewashing洗些衣服do someshopping买些东西do somereading读书do somewriting写些东西do somefishing钓鱼从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some,much或定冠词0go shopping去买东西go fishing去钓鱼go boating去划船go swimming去游泳
5.like doingsth./like todosth.like doingsth.与liketodosth.意思相同,但用法有区别前者强调一般性的爱好或者表达动作的习惯性和经常性;后来表达一次性和偶尔性的动作例如:He likesplaying football,but hedoesn tliketoplay footballwith LiMing.他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢
6.other/others/the other/anotherother表其余的,别的,如Have youany otherquestions你尚有其他问题吗?others另U的人,另ll的东西.如In the room somepeople areAmerican,the othersare French.在屋子里一些人是美国人,其他的是法国人the other表另一个两者之中one…,the other…如One ofmy twobrothers studiesEnglish,the otherstudies Chinese.我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文another表三者以上的另一个,另一些如Thereis roomfor anotherfew bookson theshelf.书架上还可以放点书
7.in the tree/on thetreein thetree与on thetree.译成中文均为〃在树上〃但英语中有区别in thetree表达某人、某事不属于树自身生长出的别的东西落在树上,表达树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使用on thetree.如There aresome appleson thetree.那棵树上有些苹果There isa birdin thetree.那棵树上有只鸟
8.some/anysome和any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词但有以下两点需要注意lsome常用于肯定句中,any常用于否认句和疑问句中如There is some waterin theglass.Is thereany waterin theglassThere isn,t anywater intheglass.⑵在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中,或在表达请求,邀请的疑问句中,我们仍然用some如Would youlike sometea
9.tall/high1说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,重要用tall,不用high,例如a tallwoman一个高个子妇女a tallhorse一个高大的马⑵说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时,要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上时,飞机飞上天时,例如He ishigh upinthetree.他高高地爬在树上The planeissohigh inthe sky.飞机在空中这么高⑶指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以,但是high的限度比tall高4high可作副词,tall不能5tall的反义词为short,high的反义词为low.
10.can/could1can表达体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客观条件能做某种动作的〃能力〃例如Can youride abike你会骑自行车吗?What canI dofor you要帮忙吗?Can youmake acake你会做蛋糕吗?2can用在否认句和疑问句中时有时表达说话人的〃怀疑〃〃猜测〃或不愿定例如Where canhe be他会在什么地方呢?Can thenews be true这个消息会是真的吗?It surelycan,t besix oclockalready不也许已经六点钟了吧?You cantbe hungryso soon,Tom,youve justhad lunch.汤姆,你不也许饿得这么快,你刚吃过午饭What canhe mean他会是什么意思?在平常会话中,can可代替may表达〃允许〃,may比较正式例如You cancome inany time.你随时都可以来-----Can Iuse yourpen我能用你的钢笔吗?Of course,you can.当然可以You canhave myseat,Im goingnow.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧3couldcould是can的过去式,表达过去有过的能力和也许性在否认和疑问句中口例如例如The doctorsaid hecould helphim.能力医生说他能帮助他Lily couldswim whenshe wasfour yearsold.(能力)当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳At thattime wethought thestory couldbetrue.(也许性)那时我们认为所说的也许是真的could可代替can表达现在时间的动作,但语气较为婉转例如Could Ispeak toJohn,please我能和约翰说话吗Could you在口语中表达请求对方做事例如Could youwait halfan hour请你等半个小时好吗Could youplease ringagain atsix六点钟请你再打电话好吗4can的形式只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式能表达一般现在和一般过去两种时态,有时也能表达将来所有其他时态(涉及将来时)须用be able to加动词不定式来表达例如They havenot beenabletocome toBeijing.他们没有能到北京来
11.look for/findlook for意为“寻找,而find意为“找到,发现”,前者强调“找”这一动作,并不注重“找”的结果,而后者则强调“找”的结果例如She can t findher ruler.她找不到她的尺子啦Tom islooking forhis watch,but hecantfind it.汤姆正在寻找他的手表,但没能找到
12.be sleeping/be asleepbesleeping表达动作,意思是“正在睡觉”;be asleep表达状态,意思是“睡着了”如----What are the childrendoing intheroom孩子们在房间里做什么?---------------Theyare sleeping.他们正在睡觉The childrenare asleepnow,现在孩子们睡着了°
13.often/usually/sometimesoften表达〃经常“,sometimes表达〃有时候〃,在表达发生频率上often要高于usually,usually耍高于sometimes这三个词表达的是经常性,一般性的动作或情况,常与一般现在时连用,常位于重要谓语动词的前面,其他谓语动词(be动词,情态动词和助动词)的后面,有时也可位于句尾假如要加强语气,则放在句首We usuallyplay basketballafterschool,我们通常放学后打篮球Sometimes Igotobed early.有时,我睡觉很早He oftenreads Englishinthemorning.他经常在上午读英语
14.How much/How manyhow much常用来询问某一商品的价格,常见句式是How much is/are…?How muchis theskirt这条裙子多少钱?How mucharethebananas这些香蕉多少钱?howmuch后加不可数名词,表达数量,意为“多少“,how many后加可数名词的复数形式How muchmeat doyouwant你要多少肉呀?How manystudents arethere inyour class你们班有多少人?
15.be good for/be goodto/be goodatbe goodfor表达”对有好处〃,而be bad for表达对有害〃;be goodto表达〃对和谐〃,而be badto表达〃对不好〃;be goodat表达〃擅长,在方面做得好〃,而be bad at表达〃在……方面做得不好〃如Doing eyeexercises is goodforyour eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处Eating toomuchis badforyou health.吃的太多对你的身体有害Miss Liis goodto allof us.李老师对我们所有的人都很和谐The bossisbadto hisworkers.这个老板对他的工人不好Li Leiisgoodat drawing,but Imbadatit.李雷擅长画画,但是我不擅长
16.each/everyeach和every都有〃每一个〃的意思,但含义和用法不相同each从个体着眼,every从整体着眼each可用于两者或两者以上,eve:ry只用于三者或三者以上如We eachhaveanew book.我们每人各有一本新书There aretrees oneach side。
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