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第讲名词性从句复习精讲名词性从句的构成和用法05名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句
一、构成引导词连接词(无意义,在从句中不作成分)、、(是否”的意思,在从句中不作成分)that ifwhether连接代词、、等(在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语)what whowhom whichwhose连接副词、(在从句中作状语)when wherewhy how语序要用陈述句语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分”
二、用法主语从句定义在复合句中作主语的从句例如:(是主语从句,在句中作That he will comeis certain.That hewill come主语,表示“他要来”这件事是确定的)注意为避免头重脚轻,常用作形式主语,把主语从句放在后面比如,(真it Its a pity that you missed the party.正的主语是)that youmissed theparty宾语从句定义在复合句中作宾语的从句例如()I thinkthat you are right.(是宾语从句,作的宾语)that you are right”think位置在及物动词、介词或某些形容词(如、等)后sure glad表语从句定义在复合句中作表语的从句,位于系动词之后例如(是表语从句,跟在系动词之后,The problemis who can help us.whocan helpus”is说明问题是“谁能帮助我们”)同位语从句定义用于解释说明前面某一名词的内容例如The news that ourteam won the gamemade usexcited.(是同位语从句,用来解释说明的内容,that ourteam won the game”news即“我们队赢了比赛”这个消息)特点常跟同位语从句的名词有、、、等news fact idea promise句,从句中缺少宾语,表示“期待的事情,,,应使用引导,故选项what D宾语从句Grammar
一、宾语从句的用法精讲在复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句宾语从句可分为动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句引导宾语从句的词有连词;连接代词that,whether,if who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,;连接副词宾语从句必须用陈述句语whatever,whichever when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,whyo序,即:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分一判断一个句子是否是宾语从句诀窍首先看句子结构,在主从复合句中,如果从句在及物动词、介词或者某些形容词之后作宾语,那这个从句很可能是宾语从句例如,“I knowthat he is a goodstudent9,其中“know”是及物动词,这个从句作的宾语“heisagoodstudent”“know”其次,宾语从句一般有连接词来引导,像可省略、、等例如,that ifwhether whatwho“She askedme ifI could,弓导的从句在这个动词后作宾语help her.“if“asked”二结构连词引导的宾语从句
1.that,whether,if在宾语从句中不作成分,只起连接作用无意义,可以省略;意为“是否”,不that,whether,if that whether/if可省略他说他会帮助我们He said that hewould helpus.我认为你是对的I thinkthat youare right.我们怀疑他是否要来We doubt whether/if hewill come.速记口诀采用”缺什么用什么”的原则,什么意义都不缺用表“是否”用that,whether/if特别提醒用法总结doubt
①作动词否定句:肯定句:that whether/if
②作名词一肯定句:whether否定句:thate.g.There is no doubt that hewill becomeconfident.毫无疑问他会变得自信.我相信你有能I dontdoubtthat you havethe abilityto takecharge of the wholefirm.力掌管整个公司连接代词引导的宾语从句
2.等弓导宾语从句,在宾语从句中可who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever I以作主语、宾语、表语或定语,有具体的意思且不能省略你知道他们在等谁吗?Do youknow whothey arewaiting for我不知道这是谁的书I dontknow whosebook thisis.注意老师所说的话Pay attentionto what the teachersaid.给所有来的人一份阅读书目Give areading listto whoevercomes.我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书I willtake whicheverbook interestsme.连接副词引导的宾语从句
3.等引导宾语从句,在宾语从句中可以作状语,有具体的when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,why意思且不能省略我不知道我们何时才能再见面I dorftknow whenwe willmeet again.你知道他为什么迟到吗?Do youknow why he waslate我不介意你来得多么晚I donmind howeverlate youcome.作形式宾语,代替宾语从句
4.it
①等后有宾语补足语时,常用作形式宾语,而将从句后置(即结feel,find,think,consider,believe,make it that构)feel/find/think/consider/believe/make...+it+OC+that...We feeljtour dutythat we should makeour countrya betterplace.我们觉得使我们的国家成为一个更好的地方是我们的责任我们都发现学好英语是重要的We allfind itimportant that we shouldlearn Englishwell.他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶He madeit quiteclear that he preferredcoffee totea.I thinkit bestthat youshould seekfor anow solution to theproblem.我认为你最好寻找一个解决该问题的新办法
②有些动词或短语后一般不直接接宾语从句,需在宾语从句前加作形式宾语,这类动词有it hate,like,dislike,love,等hide,hear,take,see to,depend on,rely on,count on,enjoy,appreciate,answer for,feel like,be fondof(即结构汰汰宾语从句)hate/1e/disl e...+it+我不喜欢你看我的样子I hateit whenyou lookat milike that.如果你能帮助我,我将不胜感激I willappreciate it if youcanhelpme.出门时请务必带足够的钱Please seeto it that youbring enoughmoney whenyou goout.他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的They willanswer forit that the computeris reliable.宾语从句可以跟在及物动词(短语)后面,也可以跟在某些介词后面,还可以跟在某些形容词的后面
5.他说他来自连云港He saysthat hecomes fromLianyungang.我们向来说话算话We alwaysmean whatwe say.Our successdepends onhow wellwe cancooperate withone another.我们的成功取决于我们互相之间合作得如何He goesto thelibrary everyday exceptwhen it is raining.除了天下雨外,他每天都去图书馆我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣I likethe bookin that it ismore interesting.我对如何使用电脑感兴趣I aminterested inhow weuse computer.我确信他们会赢Im sure that they will win.恐怕他病了Im afraidthat heis ill.宾语从句的否定转移
6.若主句的主语为第一人称且为一般现在时,主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,等时,从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来其反意疑问句的主语要与宾语从句中的主语保持一致,fancy,guess附加问句用肯定形式我认为你不对I dontthink youare right.我认为他不会守信的I don*believe that hewillkeep hisword.我们认为那不是他的过错,是不是?We dontsuppose that it ishis fault,is it复杂的特殊疑问句(又称双重疑问句)
7.在某些宾语从句中,宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词常被移到主句之前,构成特殊疑问形式,其结构为:特殊疑问词宾语从句的其他部分(用陈述语序)常见的用于此结构的动词有+do you think+think,believe,imagine,等suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess,hope,say你认为我们下一步该怎么办?What doyouthinkwe willdo next你认为今天谁值日?Who doyou guessis onduty today你说他们将怎样去北京?How doyou saytheywill go toBeijing.使用宾语从句使用诀窍8
①在宾语从句中连词常省略,但在以下几种情况下不可以省略在某些动词如that agree,argue,hold,observe,等之后习惯上不省略;形式宾语后不能省略;动词和从句中间有插入成分时不能remark,state thatitthat that省略;介词后面有不能省略;有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时,第一个可以省略,其余的都不that that能省略他说天色渐晚了He remarkedthatit was gettinglate.我们认为他错了We holdthat heis wrong.他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶He madeit quiteclear that he preferredcoffee totea.•他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的They willanswer foritthat the computeris reliable他们又一次告诉我们说形势很严重They told us onceagain that the situationwas serious.The busis emptyexceptthat there is anold ladyin it.除了有位老太太外,那辆公共汽车是空的我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣I likethe bookin thatit ismore interesting.()I thinkthat heneeds somehelp andthat we should helphim.我认为他需要帮助,我们应该帮助他
②在宾语从句中连词常可互换,但在以下几种情况下不可以互换宾语从句为否定句时,只能用whether,if if;在介词后面时,只能用;紧跟时,只能用;后接不定式时,只能用;某些动词(whether or not whether whether discuss,)后只能用;宾语从句位于句首时,只能用;在引起歧义的情况下,应用doubt,leave,put whetherwhetherwhether我介意他是否不来I careif he doesnt come.我不能确定天是否下雨Im notsure ofwhether itwill rain.我根本不关心她是否参力口会议I dontcare whether or notshe willattend the meeting.I haventdecided whetherto gothere bybus.我还没有决定是否做公交车去那儿我们讨论是否改动我们计划We discussedwhether we should makea changein our plan,他是否能完成这项工作,我说不准Whether hecan finishthe workor not,I cantsay.请让我知道你是否需要我帮忙Please let me knowwhether you need myhelp.
③在“坚持、命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中,要用虚拟语气,即动词原形,可以省should+should略常见的动词有insist;order,command;advise,suggest,propose,recommend;demand,require,desire,request等(即一坚持二命令四建议四要求)().他坚决要求被派往西藏He insistedthat heshould besent toTibet()The officerordered that the soldiersshould start at once.那位军官命令战士们应该马上动身
④宾语从句的时态当主句中的谓语是现在时或将来时时,从句中的谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响,可以根据需要使用任何时态;当主句谓语是过去时态时,从句的时态用相应的过去时态;若从句叙述的是客观真理或事实时,从句的时态则用一般现在时她说她每天工作(从句用一般现在时)She saysthat sheworks everyday.She saysthat shewill leavefor Shanghaitomorrow.她说明天她要动身去上海(从句用一般将来时)She saysthat shehas neverbeen toMount Emei.她说她从未去过峨眉山(从句用现在完成时)他说昨天没有课(从句用一般过去时)He said that therewere noclasses yesterday.他说他要参加一个聚会(从句用过去将来时)He saidthat hewould attenda party.他说他从未去过云南(从句用过去完成时)He saidthat hehad neverbeen toYunnan..他说地球是圆的(客观事实,从句用一般现在时)He saidthat theearth isround宾语从句精准考点宾语精练1It isgenerally consideredunwise togive achild heor shewants.2I amsurethat he said is true.3I dontdoubt hellcome.4This depends onthe weather isfine.5Fve heardsaidthatPrincess Harlywas putinto prisonbecause ofillegal behavior.6Everyone couldsee,I believe,Mike wasvery terrified.7I thinkthat youhave doneyour bestand everything willgowell.8rd appreciateitifyou couldletmeknow inadvance or not youwill come.9We choosethis hotelbecause theprice for a nighthereisdown to$20,half ofit used to charge.10As a new graduate,hedoesntknow ittakes tostartabusiness here.11Do notlet anyfailures discourageyou,for youcan nevertell closeyou maybe tovictory.12He insistedthat hebein goodhealth andthat hesendto workthere.13The teachertoldusthat lighttravelmuch fasterthan sound.14The doctorrecommended that younot swimafter eatinga largemeal.15It isrequested thatall membersbepresent at the meeting.宾语从句精准考点宾语精练答案和解析
1.whatever后面需要一个引导词引导宾语从句,且在从句中作的宾语,表示“无论什么所以用give achild...wants whatevero
2.whatever缺少宾语,在从句中作的宾语,同时有无论什么”之意,故填“…he said”said whatevero
3.that用于否定句时,后面的宾语从句用引导,此处表达“我不怀疑他会来”,所以填“doubt”that thato
4.whether叩后面接宾语从句,表示“取决于天气是否好,用引导,表示“是否”的意思“d endsorTwhether
6.that后面是一个宾语从句,从句意思完整,不缺成分,用引导起连接作用“see”that
7.that“think”后面接两个并列的宾语从句,第二个that不能省略,用来引导后面everythingwillgowelF9这个从句
8.whether是固定搭配,用于表示“是否”,引导宾语从句,符合语境whetherornot
9.what后面是一个宾语从句,从句中缺少的宾语,指“过去收取的费用“,用引导“halfof…”charge what
10.what后面的宾语从句中缺少的宾语,表达“……所需要的东西”,用引导“know”takes what1l.how后面的宾语从句中修饰形容词用引导,表示“多么”,即“你永远不知道你离胜利有多近”“tell”close,how
12.was;should besent表示“坚持要求”时,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语用动词原形”形式;第一个空是“insisted”“should+描述客观事实“他身体好”,用一般过去时;第二个空表示“坚持要求被派去工作”,用was shouldbe sento
13.travels虽然主句是一般过去时,但从句描述的是客观真理“光比声音传播得快”,要用一般现在时,主语是“told”light第三人称单数,所以填travel So
14.should notswim表示“建议”,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语用动词原形”,其否定形式就是“recommend”“should+should notswim
15、shouldbe^requesf9表示“要求”,其主语从句用虚拟语气,谓语用“should+动词原形”,所以填shouldbe表语从句Grammar表语从句的用法精讲定义在句中充当表语的从句(即放在系动词后面)叫做表语从句
一、判断一个句子是表语从句诀窍首先,表语从句在主从复合句中位于系动词之后,像be动词(am、is、are等)、感官系动词(feel、look、smell等)、变化系动词(become、get等)之后,对主语进行解释、说明或者描述例如,“The problemis that句子中的是系动词,是表语从句,用we dont have enough time.”,is“thatwedonthaveenoughtime”于说明“问题”是什么其次,表语从句也有连接词引导,如that、whether as if、because等例如,“It looksas ifitfs going to rain.”,引导的表语从句用于说明主语(天气)呈现出的状况“as iP“it”
二、结构、引导的表语从句1that为从属连词,不充当任何成分,无词义,只起引导作用,在非正式语体中也可以省略,表示确定的陈that that述,位于从句句首My adviceis thatwe shouldset offearlier.The answeris theydidnt callme Jim.、引导的表语从句2whether为从属连词,不充当任何成分,有词义,只起引导作用,在非正式语体中是可以省略的,表示不确定whether的陈述,位于从句句首The question is whetherwe shouldaccept hisinvitation.、疑问词或连接词引导的表语从句3疑问词或连接词为代词或副词,充当成分,有词义,一般不省略,表示疑问或陈述,位于从句句首Thats whywe putoff themeeting.注1reason后跟表语从句时,一般只用that而不用because/why引导eg:The reasonwhy hecame lateyesterday wasthat he was illat home.、从属连词也可引导表语从句4as/as if/as though/because/whyThings werenot asthey seemedto be.It lookedasifitwasgoing torain.Thafs becausehe didntwork hardfor the company.Thats whyT askedforaweeks leave.
三、使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句,谓语动词需用动词原形”表示,可省略“should+should常见的词有等advice,suggestion,order,proposab plan,idea()e.g.My suggestionis thatwe shouldstart earlytomorrow.
四、常用句型主语表语从句+be+
①代词表语从句+be+表语从句It/This/That+be+这就是我想要的东西eg.This is what I want..那是因为我缺钱That isbecause Ilack money
②名词表语从句+be+.知识就是我渴望的东西eg.Knowledge iswhat I long forThe reason wasthat shegot uplate.有改错题时Thereason wasbecause shegot uplate,because—that=That isbecause shegot uplate.
③名词+定语从句表语从句+be+有用的知识就是我渴望的东西
④主语从句表语从句eg.Knowledge that is useful iswhat Ilong for.+be+有用的东西就是我渴望的eg.What isusefuliswhatIlongfor.What Ihope is thatyoucan acceptmy invitation.表语从句精准考点精练题
一、单项选择1—He wasborn here.-That is he likesthe placeso much.A.that B.what C.why D.how2That isLu Xunlived.A.what B.where C.that D.why3America waswas firstcalled“India“by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the placeD.there where4China isbecoming strongerand stronger.It isno longer・A.what itused to be B.what itwas used to beingC.what itusedto being D.what itwas usedto be5he reallymeans is he disagreeswith us.A.What.・・that B.That...that C.What...what D.That...what6The energyis makes thecells ableto dotheir work.A.that B.which C.what D.such7The reasonis Imissed thebus.A.that B.when C.why D.what8The reasonwhy hefailed ishewas too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of9Go andget yourcoat.If syou leftitA.where B.there C.there where10D.where thereThe questionis we will have oursports meetnext week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether
二、单句语法填空
1.This isI cando foryou rightnow.
2.The reasonfor hissuccess ishe workedhard.
3.Thafs herefused myinvitation.
4.The reasonwhyhecan makehis dreamcome trueishehas aquality ofperseverance.
5.What thedoctors reallydoubt ismy motherwill recoverfrom theserious diseasesoon.
6.The reasonshe preferredcity lifeis shecan haveeasy accessto placeslike shopsandrestaurants.
7.Teachers developmentis thekey tobetter educationlies.
8.This modern hotel,in thevisitors canenjoy the best servicein thecity,is Marystayedlast time.
9.The questionishecan arriveat thehotel on time ornot.
10.My suggestionis weshould tellhim thetruth.
11.The questionis themovie isworth watching.
12.The pointis much time weshould spendonthe task.
13.What I am trying to find out isbus Ishould take.
14.If Iam verysleep,itisI stayedup allnight.
15.The problemiswecan findhim.At schoolor in the shoppingcentre答案和解析
一、1-5CBAAA6-10CAB AD
二、
1.what
2.that
3.why
4.that
5.whether;
6.why;that
7.where
8.which where
9.whether
10.that
11.whether
12.how
13.which
14.because
二、单句语法填空答案及解析、答案:1what解析后接表语从句,从句中缺少宾语,指“我现在能为你做的事情,用引导“This is…”what、答案2that解析后面用引导表语从句,说明原因的具体内容,符合的结构“The reasonfor…is…”that“the reason…is that…”、答案3why解析后接表语从句,结合语境表达“那就是他拒绝我邀请的原因用引导表语从句“Thats…”why、答案4that解析「结构中用引导表语从句来说明原因,即“他能实现梦想的原因是……“Thereasonwhy…is.that、答案5whether解析在肯定句中后接引导的宾语从句(此处作表语从句的一部分),表示“怀疑是“doubt”whether否.......”,所以填whether、答案6why;that解析第一个空后接定语从句,关系副词用引导,修饰先行词;第二个空后面用the reason”why thereason“is”引导表语从句说明原因的具体内容that、答案7where主语从句Grammar主语从句的用法精讲
二、主语从句的结构、主语从句的引导词1例词类别说明从属连词that,whether两者在从句中均不作成分,只起连接作用;无头that义,表小“是否”whetherwho,what,which,whoever,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分等whatever连接代词连接副词在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分等when,where,how,why主语从句中选择连接词的方法:()根据连接词在从句中所作的语法成分1()根据连接词在从句中的意义
2、作形式主语2it为了保持句子平衡,常把主语从句后置,而用形式主语代替作形式主语时常用于以下句型:it it句型说明解析后面表语从句中缺少地点状语,表达“教师的发展是更好教育的关键所在之处,用引导“is”where、答案8which;where解析第一个空引导定语从句,修饰先行词;第二个空后面是表语从句,从句中缺少地点状in which”hotel is”语,表达“玛丽上次待的地方、用引导where、答案9whether解析后表语从句中有,与之搭配用引导,表示“是否”“The questionis…”“ornotwhether、答案10that解析后接表语从句,从句意思完整,用引导起连接作用“My suggestionis…”that、答案11whether解析后表语从句表示“是否“,用引导,此处表达“这部电影是否值得看工、答“The questionis…”whether12案how解析后表语从句中缺少修饰的方式状语,表达“我们应该在这项任务上花多少时间”,“The pointis…”muchtime用引导how、答案13which解析后表语从句中缺少的限定词,表达“哪一辆公交车”,用引导“What lamtryingtofindoutis…”“bus”which、答案14because解析后接表语从句,此处用引导来解释原因,即“因为我熬了一整夜”“It is…”because、答案15where解析后表语从句中缺少地点状语,表达“我们能在哪里找到他,用引导“The problemis…”where同位语从句Grammar同位语从句的用法精讲定义同位语从句是对中心词具体内容的解释和说明中心词一般是news,fact,idea,information,等抽象名词conclusion,problem,suggestion,evidence,belief,promise特别提醒分隔式/间隔式同位语从句若主句的谓语较短,同位语从句较长,通常把同位语从句后置,从而构成分隔式/间隔式同位语从句这时,要根据语意并仔细分析句子结构,才能做出准确判断When the news camethatthewar brokeout,he decidedto servein the army.
一、判断一个句子是同位语从句诀窍首先看位置,同位语从句通常紧跟在抽象名词(如、、、、等)之后,用于factidea news hopebelief thought对这个名词的内容进行解释说明例如,“The factthathewon thefirst prizemade hisparents veryhappy.59,从句是对的具体内容的阐释“thathewon thefirst prize”“fact”其次看引导词,同位语从句常用引导,在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用不过也有用、that whenwhere等引导的情况比如,why whetherI have no ideawhen hewill come
二、用法、引导的同位语从句1that为从属连词,引导同位语从句时,不充当任何成分,无词义,只起引导作用,一般不省略,that that表示确定的陈述eg:The news that they won thematch is true.、引导的同位语从句2whether为从属连词,不充当任何成分,有词义,只起引导作用,一般不省略,表示不确定的陈述whethereg:The questionwhether itis rightor wrongdependsonsituation.He was tortured bythe doubtwhether hewouldaccept theirpresents.、疑问词或连接词引导的同位语从句疑问词或连接词为代词或副词,充当成分,有词义,一般不省略,表示3疑问或陈述eg:I have no ideawhat hashappened tohim.
三、常见的同位语从句高级句型
四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别()从句的作用不同1
①定语从句是先行词的修饰语,它不涉及先行词的具体内容定语从句中不但起连接作用,而且在定语从that句中充当一个句子成分,充当从句的宾语成分时可省略
②同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明,表明中心词的具体内容引导同位语从句的在同位that语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.(定语从句)e.g.We expressedthe hope that theyhad expressed.(同位语从句)We expressedthe hopethat they would cometo China again.⑵被修饰的词不同
①定语从句的先行词是任何名词都可以;
②同位语从句的中心词只能是抽象名词(无法用化学符号表示),常见news,truth,fact,idea,information,等conclusion,problem,suggestion,evidence,belief,promise引导词不同3定语从句的引导词没有等,而且充当从句的成分;同位语从句可以用what,how,whether that what,how,whether等,同事不充当从句的成分that定语从句Eg.I knowthe manthatisunder thetree.I havea questionwhether thefuture will be better.We heardthenewsthat ourteam hadwon.同位语从句精准考点精练题
一、单项选择
1.The managerput forwarda suggestionweshouldhave anassistant.There istoo muchwork to do.A.whether B.that C.which D.what
2.Modern sciencehas givendear evidencesmoking canlead tomany diseases.A.what B.which C.that D.where3・I have no ideaMike refusedan offerfrom YaleUniversity yesterday,which isone ofhisfavourite universities.A.what B.which C.that D.why
4.There issome doubtChinese womenvolleyball teamwill win the goldmedal inRio OlympicGames.A.how B.that C.whether D.this
5.The nursesare tryingtheir bestto reducethe patienfsfear hewould dieofthedisease.A.who B.that C.whether D.where
6.A problemhas occurredweshoulddevelop innovativethinking abilitiesintheclassrooms bygivingstudents opportunitiesto generatenew ideas.A.whom B.what C.whether D.where
7.With yourhelp,there isno doubtourplanis meantfor whatwill workout successfully.A.who B.that C.whether D.where
8.The newscame,as expected,my cousinwas chosentobe a foreignaid doctorto goto Africawhere peoplearesuffering alot fromaids.A.if B.that C.whether D.how
9.She helda strongbelief theeducation her son receivedwould enablehim tobeauseful man.A.that B.what C.how D.which
10.We stillhave somedoubt theycan completethetaskontime.A.if B.that C.whether D.who
二、单句语法填空
1.Recently,anewresearch hassuggested the possibility ina popularmagazine pleasantsmellsmight reducepain.
2.They expressedthe hopetheywouldcome overto visitChinaagain.
1.1have no idea theboy isdoing inthe nextroom now.
4.The questionshould dothe workis beingdiscussed atthemeeting.
5.We haventyet settledthe questionwe aregoingtospend oursummer vacationthis year.
6.The newsMr.Li willbe ournew Englishteacher istrue.
7.1haveno idea theywere ableto getit donein soshort atime.
8.When youare inbed,please setaside the thought youhave tofall asleep.
9.You haveno ideaanxious I have beenfor hersafety.
一、单句语法填空答案及解析、答案解析中后面的从句是对其内容的:说明,1how“anewresearch hassuggested thepossibility…thepossibility属于同位语从句,从句结构完整,用引导、答案解析中’的从句解释how2that“They expressedthe hope…”“the hope”(希望)”的具体内容,是同位语从句,用引导“hopethat、答案解析后面的从句中缺少宾语,指“不知道那个男孩正在隔壁房间做什么,用引3what“havenoidea…”what导同位语从句且在从句中作宾语、答案解析后面的同位语从句中缺少主语,表达“谁应该做这项工作,用引导4who“Thequestionwho、答案解析后面的同位语从句中缺少地点状语,表达“我们今年将去5where“We haventyet settledthe question…”哪里度暑假,用引导where、答案解析后面的从句解释(消息)”的具体内容,是同位语从句,用引导6that“The news…”“newsthat、答案解析后面的从句中缺少方式状语,表达“不知道他们是如何在这么短时间内完成它7how“Ihavenoidea…”的“,用引导同位语从句how、答案解析后面的从句是对(想法)”内容的解释说明,是同位语从句,用引导,8that“thethought”“thought that从句意思完整、答案解析后面的从句中缺少修饰的程度状语,表达“你不知道我有多担心她9how“You havenoidea…”“anxious”的安全,用引导同位语从句how、答案解析是固定句型,引导的是同位语从句,对(惊奇、疑惑)”的内10that“Ifs nowonder that…”“that”“wonder容进行解释说明,意思是“难怪……系动词+形容词+主语从句It+常用于此句型的形容词有important,un likely,possible,等necessary,natural,wrong系动词+名词+主语从句It+常用于此句型的名词有等fact,idea,honour,question,pity系动词+过去分词+主语从句It+常用于此句型的过去分词,有known,proved,said,decided,等suggested,thought不及物动词+主语从句It+常用于此句型的动词有appear,happen,seem,occur,matter等【特别提醒】在过去分词+主语从句”结构中,过去分词若为等,主语从句中的1“It+be+suggested/ordered/required/advised谓语用“should do”在形容词+主语从句”结构中,若形容词为等,主语从句中的谓语用2“It+be+important/necessary/strange“shoulddo”
二、主语从句中应注意的问题、从句要用陈述语序
1、主谓一致2从句作主语时,主句的谓语一般用单数形式1引导主语从句时,有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致what如果由连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;2and由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数、单个主语从句作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式3引导的主语从句:在从句中不作任何成分,没有词义,只起连接作用,且不能省略that that置于句首的主语从句lthate.g.That thecollege willtake inmore studentsistrue.这所大学要招收更多的新生是真的⑵it作形式主语,that引导的主语从句后置从句@It+be+adj.+that彳艮明显,他们急需援助Its obviousthat theybadly needhelp.
②It+be+名词短语+that从句order,e.g.It isapitythatyoumissedthe film.你没看这部电影太可惜了.
④It+不及物动词(短语)+that从句,常用于此句式的动词(短语)有形式主(有关系),(碰巧),(某人突然想到),(结果是)等seem,appear,matter happenoccur tosb.turn oute.g.It seemsthathehas seenthefilm.似乎他已经看过这部电影了,碰巧这两个骗子在那里It happenedthatthetwo cheatswere thereItturned outthathewas theone whomade themistake主语从句精准考点练习题精讲
1.you dont like himis noneof mybusiness.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether答案解析是主语从句,从句意思完整,不缺成分,用引导,在句中无实际意义Co youdontlikehim”that
2.It remainsa mysterythe ancientEgyptians builtthe pyramids.A.how B.that C.which D.what答案解析这里是形式主语,真正的主语从句是“从句中缺少方Ao itthe ancientEgyptians builtthe pyramids^,式状语,意思是“古埃及人是怎样建造金字塔的所以用how
3.has caused this severe accident is still amystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where答案解析是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,”什么导致了这场严重的事故”,Ao hascausedthissevereaccident”用whato、4makes thisbook soextraordinary is the creativeimagination ofthe writer.A.That B.What C.Who D.Which-答案B-解题思路分析句子结构,“是主语从句,在这个从句中,缺少一个表示“什makes thisbook soextraordinary”么”的词作主语,因为从句的谓语动词是,需要一个能充当主语的成分俨在主语从句中无实际意“makes“tha义,且不能充当成分;表示人,不符合题意;表示“哪一个,也不符合语境而“who”“which”“what”有“……的东西/事情”的意思,可以在从句中充当主语,所以应该选B、5It isstill underdiscussion theold busstation shouldbe replacedwith amodernhotelornot.A.whether B.when C.which D.where-答案A-解题思路这是一个含有主语从句的句子,是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句从句中有表示“it”“ornot”,“是否”,在主语从句中,表示,是否且能与搭配的引导词是,表示时间,表示“ornot”“whether“when”“which”“哪一个表示地点,都不符合语境,所以选where”A
二、用适当的引导词填空
1.will win the gameisstillunknown.答案解析“是主语从句,从句中缺少表示人的主语,“谁会赢得比赛”,所以填Whoo willwinthe game”Whoo
2.he left without saying goodbye mademe angry.答案解析是主语从句,从句意思完整,用引导Thato heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye”that
三、翻译句子并指出主语从句部分.他什么时候回来对我们的计划很重要1答案主语从句部分是When hewill comeback isvery importantfor ourplan.When hewill comeback”她所说的可能是真的
2.答案主语从句部分是What shesaid mightbe true.What shesaid”主语从句考点练习题精练
1.It isobvious tothe studentsthey shouldget wellprepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that
2.The limitsof apersons intelligence,generally speaking,are fixedat birth,but hereaches theselimitswill dependon hisenvironment.A.whether B.where C.that D.why
3.It doesntmatter youturn rightor leftatthecrossing---both roadslead tothe park.A.whether B.how C.if D.when
4.was mostimportant toher,she toldme,wastokeep healthy.A.It B.ThisC.What D.As
5.--Weve onlygot thissmall bookcase.Will thatdo-No,Iamlooking foris somethingmuch biggerand stronger.A.who B.that C.what D.which
6.Iwantto tellyou isthe deeplove andrespect Ihave formy parents.A.That B.Which C.Whether D.What
7.makesthebook soextraordinary isthe creativeimagination ofthe writer.A.That B.WhatC.Who D.Which
8.It hasbeen provedeating vegetablesin childhoodhelps toprotect youagainst seriousillnesses inlater life.A.if B.because C.when D.that
9.It isnot immediatelyclear thefinancial crisiswill soonbe over.A.since B.whatC.when D.whether
10.you saidatthemeeting describes a bright future for thecompany.A.When B.HowC.What D.That
11.Macao hasachieved showsonecountry,two systems1*principle isthebestsolutiontothe Macaoand Hongkongquestion,left byhistory.A.That;what B.What;that C.What;what D.That;that
12.I watchTV,Ill turnit downand nevermake anynoise.一Good.youare doing shouldnever disturbothers howimportant youare,never forgetabout howothersfeel.A.Whenever;No matterwhat;No matterB.Whenever;Whatever;No matterC.No matter when;No matterwhat;/D.No matterwhen;Whatever;/
13.Albert Einsteinleft behindisthe most profoundideas formthe foundationof modernphysics today.A.That;what B.That;which C.What;which D.What;that
14.Itisno usefor yourmistakes now.you needto dois correctthem assoon aspossible.A.crying;What B.crying;That C.to cry;That D.to cry;What
15.he toldwas thenews Lucyhad achievedsuccess,,of course,made Lucysparentsfeel veryexcited.;;;;A.What thatwhich B.That whichwhich;;;;C.What which what D.That thatwhat
16.John willwinthecompetition remainsa secrettill nextmonth.A.When B.That C.Whether D.What
17.is surprisingto usisthatTom,for Englishwas onceboring,can speakEnglish fluentlyasthough hewere anative speaker.A.What;whom B.What;whoseC.It;whose D.As;whom
18.the mother really doubtsis herson will join thearmy soon.A.That;what B.What;whether C.That;whether D.What;that
19.Thanks toadvances intechnology,we makefriends andcommunicate withthem haschanged significantly.A.why B.whether C.how D.where
20.they wonthe gamewas wehad expected.A.That;which B.Whether;that C.What;thatD.That;what主语从句考点练习题精练答案
1.D【详解】考查名词性从句句意对学生们来说很明显,他们应该为将来做好充分的准备本题中的是形式主语,真正it的主语是后面的叩句子成分齐全,所以使用只起连接作用、无实意的引导they shouldget wellpr aredfortheirfuture that故正确D
2.A【详解】考查主语从句句意一般来说,一个人的智力极限在出生时是固定的,但他是否达到这些极限将取决于他所处的环境是否;引导名词性从句时,做地点状语;引导名词性从句时,只起连接作用、无实意;A.whether B.where C.that引导名词性从句时,做原因状语通过分析可知,此处是主语从句,且引导词在从句中不作任何成分,但有实际意义,D.why表示“是否“,应该用故选whether A
3.A【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句,做形式主语因为从句的部分是选择性的一般疑问句,所以选择句意it whethero在十字路口,你是向右拐还是向左拐都没有关系——两条路都到公园
4.C【详解】考查主语从句连接词句意她告诉我说于她而言最重要的是保持健康是插入语,不影响整个句式she toldme的表达,句子中的谓语是空格处表示“所的”,在主语从句中作主语,用故选wastokeep healthy,what C
5.C【解析】此处是主语从句,在主语从句中作的宾语句意我正在找的是比这更大、更结实what lamlooking forwhat for的书柜【考点定位】考查名词性从句的连接词
7.B【详解】考查名词性从句的连接词句意让这本书出色的地方是作者富有创造力的想象之前为主语从句,is主语从句中缺主语,指的是事物,用故选what,B
8.D【详解】考查引导的主语从句句中的是形式主语,真正的主语是从句部分是thatiteating vegetablesin...life,一个完整的陈述句,不缺句子成分所以应用引导这个主语从句故选that D
10.C【解析】试题分析考查名词性从句此处需要宾语主语,you saiddescribesabrightfutureforthecompany只有能满足要求句意你会上所说的话是对公司发展前景的一个很好的描述what【名师点睛】考查名词性从句的连接词要学会分析句子成分如果主语从句缺少主宾表,用连接主语从what句,如果不缺成分,用连接,引导主语从句的在从句中不做成分,只起到连接的作用thatthat
11.B【详解】考查主语从句和宾语从句句意澳门取得的成就表明,“一国两制”原则是解决历史遗留下来的澳门和香港问题的最好办法分析句子可知,为主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,所以第一Macao hasachieved achieve个空用来充当宾语再分析句子可知,后接宾语从句,从句句意和结构完成,所以第二个空应填连what shows接词故选项that B
12.B【详解】考查让步状语从句和主语从句句意一无论我什么时间看电视,我都会把声音调低一点,从不发出任何噪音一很好、无论你做什么,都不要打扰别人不管你有多重要,永远不要忘记别人的感受首先看第一个空,根据句意和句子结构可知,本句为让步状语从句,表示“无论何时”我看电视,都会调低声音,故应用引导让步状语从句,意为“无论何时相当于再看第二空,根据句意和句子结Whenever Nomatterwhen构可知,句子为主语从句,“在句中作主语,从句中缺少的宾语,表示无论做什么事,youaredoing”aredoing故用来引导主语从句,意为“任何事情”,相当于再看第三个空,根据句意和句子结Whatever anythingwhat构可知,本句为让步状语从句,表示“不管多么重要”,故应用引导让步状语从句,意为“不N matterhow管多么”,相当于故选项however B
13.D【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句句意阿尔伯特・爱因斯坦遗留下的是构成今天现代物理学理论基础的最深刻的思想分析句子结构可知,在句中作主语,是主语从句,主语Albert Einsteinleft behind”从句中缺失宾语,根据句意表达的是“什么事物”的意思,需用连接代词引导,what formthe foundationof modem在句中作定语,是定语从句,修饰先行词先行词在定语从句中作主语,指物,而且由physicstoday.”ideas,ideas修饰,需用关系代词引导故选themostthat D
14.A【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句句意现在为你的错误哭泣是没有用的你需要做的是尽快纠正它们It做某事是没有用的,该句型是固定句型;是一个主语从句,引导词在从句中作isnouse doingsth.youneedtodo宾语,表示“你需要做的事情用引导该从句故选what A
15.A【详解】考查名词性从句和定语从句句意他所讲的是露西取得成功的消息,这当然使露西的父母感到非常兴奋分析句子成分可知前面是一个主语从句,从句缺主语,指物,所以用引导(引导主语从句was whatthat不做成分);第二个空是一个同位语从句,解释说明名词从句不缺成分,且句意完整,所以用引导newsthat(引导表语从句在句中做主语宾语或者表语);第三个空是一个非限制性定语从句,句中先行词为which news,在非限定性定语从句中作主语,所以合适(不引导定语从句)故选whichwhatA
16.C【详解】考查主语从句句意约翰是否会赢得比赛直到下个月才知道分析句子可知前面是一个主remain语从句,从句不缺成分,排除;结合语境,设空处有“是否”的含义,意为“是否工故选D whetherC
17.A【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句句意让我们惊讶的是,汤姆对他来说英语曾经是枯燥的,现在可以流利的说英语好像是英国本土的人通过分析句子结构,可知这个句子中包含一个主语从句,和一个非限制性定语从句且引导词在主语从句中作主语,表示“什么”的含义,故用介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,定what语从句的主语是这里表示“对于某人来说需要的宾语,指人只能用故选English,L forwhom Ao
18.B【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句句意妈妈真正担心的是将来她的儿子是否能参军主语从句the中缺少宾语,为“的事,故填;表语从句中不缺成分,motherreallydoubts whathersonwilljointhearmysoon.意思为“是否,故填故选whether,B
19.C【详解】考查主语从句连接词句意感谢科技的进步,我们交朋友和与朋友的交流的方式也发生了重大变化分析句子结构可知,是一个主语从句,此句结构完整,不缺成分,由we makefriends andcommunicate withthem语意可知,此处指我们交朋友和与朋友的交流的方式,应有引导此从句,表方式故选项how C
20.D【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句句意他们赢得比赛是我们所期待的事情分析句子结构可知,第一空引导一个主语从句,从旬,结构、意义完整,应使用引导;第二空引导一个表语从theywonthegame”that。
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