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countries.Each teamis crossbreedinga localEuropean short-grain ricewith a long-grain Asianvarietythat carriesthe salt-resistant gene.The scientists are breedingsuccessive generationsto arriveat基因varieties thatincorporate salttolerance butretain about97percent of the European rice genome组.
46.Why does the authormention the Spanish Civil War at the beginningof the passageA Ithad greatimpact on the lifeof Spanish rice farmers.B It is ofgreat significancein therecords of Spanish history.C Ricefarmers in the Ebro Delta arewaging abattle ofsimilar importance.D Ricefarmers in the Ebro Delta areexperiencing as hard a time as in the war.
47.What may be the most effectivestrategy forrice farmersto employin fighting their enemiesAStriking theweaker enemyfirst.C Eliminatingthe enemyone byone.B Killingtwo birdswith onestone.D Usingone evilto combat the other.
48.What dowe learn about Project NeuriceA Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B Itaims toincrease theyield ofSpanish rice.C Itsimmediate priorityis tobring thepest undercontrol.D Ittries tokill the snails with the helpof climatechange.
49.What doesNeurice projectmanager say about the giant apple snailA It can surviveonly onsouthern Europeanwetlands.B Itwill invadeother rice-growing regionsof Europe.C It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D It was introduced into the rice fieldson purpose.
50.What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded programA Cultivating ideal salt-resistant ricevarieties.B Increasingthe absorbencyof theSpanish rice.C IntroducingSpanish riceto therest of Europe.D Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on thefollowing passage.Photography was once an expensive,laborious ordealreserved forlifes greatestmilestones.Now,the only apparent costto taking infinite photosof somethingas commonas ameal is the spaceon yourharddrive andyour diningcompanions patience.But is there anothercost,a deepercost,to documentinga lifeexperience insteadof simplyenjoyingit”You hearthat youshouldnt take all thesephotos and interrupt the experience,and it“s bad for you,and we/zre not living in the presentmoment/says Kristin Diehl,associate professorof marketingat theUniversity of SouthernCalifornia MarshallSchool ofBusiness.Diehl andher fellowresearchers wanted to find out if that was true,so theyembarked ona series ofnine experimentsin thelab andin thefield testingpeoples enjoymentin the presence or absence of acamera.The results,published in the Journalof Personalityand SocialPsychology,surprised them.Takingphotos actually makes people enjoy what theyre doingmore,not less.“What wefind isyou actuallylook at the worldslightly differently,because yourelooking for thingsyou want to capture,that you may want to hangonto/Diehl explains.zzThat getspeople more engagedin the experience,and theytend toenjoy it more.”Take sightseeing.In oneexperiment,nearly200participants boardeda double-decker busfor atourof Philadelphia.Both bustours forbadethe useof cellphones butone tourprovided digitalcameras andencouragedpeople to take photos.The peoplewho tookphotos enjoyedtheexperiencesignificantlymore,and saidthey were more engaged,than thosewho didnt.Snapping a photo directsattention,which heightensthe pleasureyou getfrom whateveryou,re（考古的）looking at,Diehl says.It worksfor thingsas boringas archaeologicalmuseums,where peoplewere given eye-tracking glassesand instructedeither to take photosor not.“People looklonger atthingsthey wantto photograph/Diehl says.They reportliking the exhibits more,too.（用户）To therelief ofInstagrammers Instagrameverywhere,it caneven makemeals moreenjoyable.When peoplewere encouragedto takeat leastthree photoswhile theyate lunch,they weremoreimmersed in their mealsthan thosewho werenttold to take photos.Was itthe satisfyingclick of the cameraThe physicalact of the snapNo,they found;just theact ofplanning to takea photo—and notactually takingit—had the same joy-boosting effect.“If you want totake mental photos,that worksthe sameway/Diehl says.Thinking about what youwould wanttophotograph also gets youmore engaged//
51.What does the authorsay aboutphoto-taking in the pastA It was a painstaking effort for recording lifesmajor events.B It was aluxury thatonly afew wealthypeople couldenjoy.C It was a good wayto preserveones preciousimages.D It was askill thatrequired lots of practiceto master.
52.Kristin Diehlconducted a series ofexperiments onphoto-taking to find out.A whatkind ofpleasure itwould actuallybring tophoto-takersB whetherpeople enjoyedit when they didsightseeingC howit couldhelp toenrich peopleslife experiencesDwhether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing
53.What dothe resultsof Diehls experiments show about people taking picturesA They aredistracted fromwhat theyare doing.B Theycan betterremember what they seeor do.C They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D Theycan have a betterunderstanding of the world.
54.What isfound aboutmuseum visitorswith theaid ofeye-tracking glassesA They come out with better photographs of theexhibits.B Theyfocus moreon theexhibits whentaking pictures.C Theyhave a better viewof what are ondisplay.D Theyfollow thehistorical eventsmore easily.
55.What dowe learnfrom thelast paragraphA It is better to make plans before taking photos.B Mentalphotos can be asbeautiful as snapshots.C Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D Even the very thought of taking aphoto can have a positive effect.Part IVTranslation30minutesDirections:For thispart,you areallowed30minutes totranslate a passage fromChineseinto English.You shouldwrite youranswer on Answer Sheet
1.B It is aSpanish soup.【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“a typicalsalad（一种典型的沙拉）ua Spanishsoup（西班牙汤），’5weird vegetable（一种惊异的蔬菜）”，A kind of spicyfood（一种辛辣的食物）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“What dowe意思是“我们对西班牙冷菜汤有什么了解？”中的关键词定位learnaboutgazpacho”“gazpacho”,到听力对话中第四句女士说的话“Gazpacho is a coldsoup fromSpain.1/s mostlyvegetables.I guess意思是“西班牙凉菜汤是一种来自西班牙的冷汤大局部是蔬菜我you couldcall ita liquidsalad.”想你可以称它为液体沙拉”选项）〔这是西班牙汤）中的B It is aSpanish soup.在听力原文中重现，与听力原文中的属于同义转换,符合原文的语义，应“soup”“Spanish”“Spain”选B）o【答案】）
2.A To make it thicker.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先看四个选项.（使它变更浓稠）”，“To makeitthicker“Tomakeit morenutritious.〔使它更有养分），To addto itsappeal.（增加其吸引力（替换一种成分）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息,进展推断“To replacean ingredient.再依据题干意思是“西班牙凉菜汤里参加干“For whatpurpose isstale breadmixed intogazpacho”面包是为了什么？”中的关键词定位到听力对话中第六句女士说的话stale bread,“The mainingredients are tomato,cucumber,bell peppers,olive oiland stale bread意思是“主要成分为番茄、黄瓜、甜椒、橄榄油和干面包”第七句男士问“Stale breadSurely youmean breadfor dippinginto the”意思是“干面包？你确定它蘸汤好吃”第八句女士答复soup“No.Bread iscrushed andblended意思是“不是这样，把面包压碎混在一in like everything else.It addstexture andthickness to the soup.”起吃它会让汤口感更好，更浓稠”可知干面包是为了让汤口感更好，更浓稠；选项）中的A“thicker”与听力原文中的属于同义转换，符合原文的语义，应选）“thickness”A【答案】）
3.D It is mainlymade ofvegetables.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词（脂肪），（橄榄油）“fat“olive oil“，（人工添加剂）,（蔬菜）”,听录音时着重听文章中的相关信Artificial additivesVegetables息,进展推断再依据题干意思是“为什么这位女“Why doesthe womanthink gazpachois healthy”士认为西班牙凉菜汤是安康的？”中的关键词，定位到听力对话中第九句男士问的话“healthy”“Mm.意思是哦，安康吗？”第十句女士答复And isit healthySure.As Isaid earlier,it〃s mostlyvegetables.^意思是“固然安康啦，我之前说过，它以蔬菜为主要原料制作而成”题干中的在听力原文第九句男士问的话中重现；选项）中的与听力原“healthy”D“mainly”文第十句女士答复中的属于同义替换，在听力原文第十句女士答复的话中重现，“mainly”vegetables”符合原文的语义，应选）D【答案】）
4.C Itcomes froma special kind of pig.【解析】细节题在听录音前,先找出四个选项的中心词］变味）”，“g staleSpecial skill（专长），5specialkind ofpig〔一种特别品种的猪）”，‘5delicacy blendedwith bread（一种与面包混合的美味佳肴）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“what doesthewomen say about cured ham”意思是“关于腌火腿，这位女士说了什么？”中的关键词cured ham”，定位到听力对话中第句男士问的话如意思是H“Cured hamWhaF sth“腌火腿？那是什么东西？”第十二句女士答复uThats anotherSpanish delicacy/,意思是“那是另一种西班牙美食”第十四句女士连续答复“lt〃salittle dryand salty.And it〃s veryexpensive becauseitcomes froma specialtype ofpig thatonly catsa specialtype of food.The hamis coveredin saltto dry意思是“干干的，咸咸and preserve it,and leftto hangfor up to two years.It has a verydistinct flavor.”的而且格外昂贵，由于它取自一种特别品种的猪，并且这种猪只吃一种特别的食物火腿上撒上了盐，风干保存，然后可以悬挂长达两年它有一种格外独特的味道”题干中的在“cured ham”听力原文中重现；选项）中的与听力原文第十四句女士答复中的C“a specialkind ofpig”“a specialtype属于同义替换，符合原文的语义，应选ofpig”C）o【答案】）
5.B Theydo notmake decentgifts.【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词〔种类繁多）”，〔礼物）“agreatvariety gifts，（价格〔意大利食品）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再trice Italianfood依据题干What doesthe womanthink oftablewinesv意思是“那位女士对佐餐酒怎么看？”中的关键词tablewines”，定位到听力对话中第六句女士说的话“Our lowestprices arearound$6a bottle,意思是“我but thoseare tablewines.They arenot very special.And I would notsuggest themas agift.”们的最低价格是每瓶美元左右，但那是佐餐酒他们不是很特别我不建议您买这种葡萄酒当作6礼物”可知佐餐酒不被当作送给老板的生日礼物；选项）（他们不B Theydo notmake decentgifts.做风光的礼物）中的在听力原文中重现，与听力原文的语义相符合，应选）“gifts”B【答案】
6.A$30-$
40.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先看四个选项“$30-$
40.（30美元至40美元），$40-$
50.（40美兀至50美兀）“，$50-$
60.（50美兀至60美兀），Around$
150.〔150美兀左右），听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“What isthe pricerange of wine the man意思是“那位男士考虑的葡萄酒价格范围是多少？”的问题定位到听力对话中第七will consider”句男士答复意思是“我认为价格在美“I guesssomething in the vicinityof30or40would begood.”30元至美元比较好选项）.符合听力原文的语义，应选40A$30-$40A）o【答案】）
7.D Theygo wellwith different kinds offood.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词〔安康选择）S healthychoice/elderly（老年人）”，十〔在…中有声望［受好评］）/〔意大利人）”，people pularamong Italiansgood（安康）（长寿）”,〔相配）（各种食物）一听health/longevity wellwith/differentkindsoffood录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“Why doesthe womanrecommend redwines意思是“那位女士为什么推举红葡萄酒？”中的关键词“redwines”，定位到听力对话中第八句女士说的话“I wouldsay thesafest optionis alwaysa red wine.They are generally morepopular than意/思、是whites,and canusually be paired withfood more easily“我认为红葡萄酒是个不错的选择红葡萄酒通常比白葡萄酒更受欢送，并且红葡萄酒与食物更好搭配”题干中的与听力原文中第八句女士说的话中的属于同义替换；选“red wines“red wine”项）中的与听力原文中第八句女士说的话中的属于同义替换，符合听D“go wellwith”“bepaired with”力原文的语义，应选）D【答案】）
8.D It is Italys most famous type of red wine.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词（一种进口葡萄“a wine imported酒）（加利福尼），（辛辣的），（昂贵的），出（意大利）/California SpicyExpensive aly/famous著名的）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干1“What dwe learnabout意思是“关于那位男士最终买的酒，我们了解至了什么？”的the wine theman finally bought”U问题定位到听力对话中最终一句男士说的话意思是“我打算买基“I willgo withChianti then.Thanks.安蒂红葡萄酒感谢”可知男士最终买的是［基安蒂红葡萄酒）；再由该句话中的Chianti“Chianti”定位到听力对话中第八句女士说的话“This onehereis a Chianti,which isperhaps Italysmost famous意思是“这是基安蒂红葡萄酒,这或许是意大利最知名的红葡萄酒”选项）中type ofred wine.”D的“ltaly〃smost famoustype ofredwine”在听力原文中重现，与听力原文的语义相符，应选D）【答案】）
9.C Decodingsecret messages.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先看四个选项（学习别人的Learning others^secrets.隐秘），.（搜寻信息），.〔解码隐秘信息）Searchingfohnformation Decodingsecret messages，（传播爆炸性闻）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息,进展推Spreading sensational news.断再依据题干u What doesthe speaker say many people enjoy doingn意思是“说话者说很多人宠爱做什么？”中的关键词，定位到听力短文第
一、二句话“enjoy”“Many peopleenjoy secretcodes.The意思是“很多人宠爱密码，密码越难，harder the code,the moresome people would tryto figure it out.”他们就越想要破译出来”题干中的在听力短文中重现；选项）中的与听力短文“enjoy”C“Decoding”中的属于同义替换,在听力短文中重现，符合听力短文的语义，应选）“figureitout”“secret”C【答案】）
10.A They helped the U.S.army inWorld WarII.【解析】概述题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词［帮助美国“helped the U.S.army军队）（其次次世界大战），（快速/World WarIIWrite down spoken codes promptly写出口头密码），（解码敌方消息），（破decode enemy messages breakingenemy secretcodes解敌人密码）”,听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“Whatdwe learnaboutNavajo code talkers”意思是“关于纳瓦霍语编码者我们了解到什么？”中的关键词u Navajo code定位到听力短文第九句话意思是“他们被称为talkers”,“They werecalled theNavajo code talkers.”纳瓦霍语编码者”题干中的在听力短文中重现；再联系上文听力短文第七句“Navajo codetalkers”话“It wasused duringWorld WarII by theAmericans.,,意思是“它在二战期间被美国人使用”再联系下文听力短文倒数第三句话“The codetalkers playedan importantpart in several battles.Theyhelped the troops coordinate their movements and attacks.After thewar,the U.S.governments honoredthem for what they had accomplished.Theirs was the mostsuccessful wartime code ever used.v意思是“在几个战役中,编码者发挥了重要作用他们帮助部队协调他们的行动和进攻战后，美国政府表彰他们的成就这是有史以来最成功的战时密码”选项）中的与听力短文第七句话A“the U.S.”中的属于同义转换，在听力短文第七句话中重现，符合听力原文的语义，“Americans”“World Warll”应选）A【答案】）
11.C A military codethat was never broken.【解析】文章主旨细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词〔重要Important battles战役）/PacificWar［太平洋战斗decoding of secretmessages!隐秘信息的解码）”，“A military code（军事密码），（纳瓦霍印第安人的奉献）/Navajo Indians^contribution code〔密码分析）”,听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干breaking“What isthe意思是“说话者主要说了什么？”的问题定位到听力短文第
六、七句speaker mainly talking about话意思“One veryimportant codewas never broken.Itwasused duringWorld WarII bythe Americans.是“一个格外重要的密码从未被破解它在二战期间被美国人使用”再联系下文听力短文第H、十二句话“Navajo ishard tolearn andonly afew peopleknow it.So itwaspretty certainthat the enemy would not be able tounderstand the codetalkers.n意思是“纳瓦霍语很难学，只有少数人知道所以可以确定的是，敌人无法破解”及短文最终两句“Afterthe war,theU.S.governments honoredthem for what they had accomplished.Theirs was the most意思是“战后，美国政府表彰他们的成就这是有史以来最成功successful wartimecode everused.”的战时密码”综上所述，可知战时密码从未被破译；选项）中的与听力短文最终C“Amilitarycode”一句话中的属于同义替换，的在听力短文第六句话中重现，符合听“wartimecode”asneverbroken”力原文的语义，应选）C【答案】）
12.B A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will bereplaced.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词uservices（效劳）/personalized〔共性化的），（学问密集型工作）/（取代）（科技）knowledge-intensive jobsreplaced technology/（引起革命）〔工业）”，（信息）〔可供使用），revolutionize/industry Information/be available听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干What doesthe speaker say willhappen in意思是“说话者说在接下来的年里会发生什么？”的关键词the next20years”20“in the next20定位到听力短文其次句话years”“Well,theregoing to be a technological replacement ofa lot of意思是“好吧，在将来的年里，将会有很多学knowledge-intensive jobsin the next twentyyears.”20问密集型的工作岗位被技术取代”可知科学技术类的工作将会替代学问密集型的工作；题干中的“in thenext20years与听力原文中的“in thenext twentyyearsv属于同义替换;选项B）中的“Alot of在听力原文中重现，与听力原文中的属于同义转knowledge-intensive jobs”replaced replacement换，符合听力原文的语义，应选B）o）
13.C In the personal care sector.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先看四个选项（在机器人工业，“In the robotics industry.“Inthe information service.〔在信息效劳）”，the personalcare sector.（在个人护理部口）”，In high-end（在高端制造业,听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息,进展推断再依据题干manufacturing.“Where意思是“年will young people have more chances to findjobs”
8.A It is awineimportedfrom California.C Itis farmore expensivethan heexpected.8Itisless spicythan allother redwines.D Itis Italysmost famoustype ofredwine.Section BDirections:In this section,you willhear twopassages.At theend ofeach passage,you willhearthree orfour questions.Both thepassage and the questionswill bespoken only once.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose thebest answer from the four choices marked A,B,C andD.Then markthecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with asingle linethrough the centre.Questions9to11are basedon thepassage you have justheard.
9.A Learningothers secrets.C Decodingsecret messages.8Searching forinformation.D Spreadingsensationalnews.
10.A They helped theU.S.army inWorld WarII.B They could writedownspoken codespromptly.C They were assignedto decodeenemymessages.D Theywere good at breakingenemy secretcodes.
11.A Importantbattles foughtin thePacific War.B Decodingofsecretmessages inwar times.C Amilitarycodethat wasneverbroken.D Navajo Indians contribution to codebreaking.Questions12to15are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.
12.A Allservices will be personalized.B Alot ofknowledge-intensive jobswill bereplaced.D Moreinformation willbe available.
13.A In theroboticsindustry.C In the personalcare sector.8In the informationservice.DIn high-end manufacturing.
14.A Theycharge high prices.C Theycater to the needs of young people.B Theyneed lotsof training.DThey focuson customers“specific needs.C Technologywill revolutionizeall sectorsof industry.
15.AThe rising demand in education and healthcare in thenext20years.轻人在哪里能找到更多的8The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.工作时机？”的关键词和定位到听力短文第六句的问题“find”“jobs”“Now,where willthe newjobs意思是“现在，的工作岗位将在哪里找到？”题干中的与听力短文中的be found”“find”“found”属于同义转换，在听力短文中重现；再联系下文听力短文第七句的答复“jobs”“Well,the onesector ofthe economy that cant be easily duplicated by evensmart technologiesisthe caring sector,the personal意思是“那么，即使是智能技术也不能轻易复制的一个经济部门是护理部门，个人护care sector.”理部门，那就是关心部门,个人护理部门”选项）中的在听力短文中C“the personalcare sector”重现，符合原文的语义，应选C）o【答案】）
14.A Theycharge high prices.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词（昂扬的价格）highpriceslotsof（大量的训练）”,（年轻人的需要）,（客training IheneedsofyoungpeopleCustomers”specific needs户的特定需求〕”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“What doesthe speaker意思是“关于治疗师，说话者说了什么？”的关键词定位到听力短say about therapists”therapists”文第十一句话uTherapists docharge a lot of money.v意思是“治疗师收费很高题干中的therapists在听力原文中重现;选项）中的在听力原文中重现，与听力原文中的A“charge”highprices”“a lotof属于同义替换，符合听力原文的语义，应选）money”Ao【答案】）
15.B The disruptioncaused bytechnology intraditionally well-paid jobs.【解析】在听录音前，先看四个选项“Therisingdemandin educationandhealthcarein thenext〔将来年教育和医疗保健需求的增长），20years.20The disruptioncaused bytechnologyin.〔技术对传统高薪工作的颠覆traditionallywell-paid jobs“The tremendous changes new technology will（技术将给人们的生活带来巨大的变化）”,bring to peoples lives.‘The amazing amount of personal［人〕想要的、人关注的数量是惊人的），听录音时着重attention peoplewould like to have.64听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“What isthe speakersbook aboutv意思是“说话者的书是关于什么的”的关键词book”定位到听力短文最终一句话Thats whyI wrotethis book,which isabout howto reorganizethe economyforthe future when technology brings about destructive changes,to whatwe usedto considerhigh income意思是“这就是我为什么要写这本书，这本书描述了怎样生疏当科技被我们曾经认为高收入work.的工作产生灾难性的转变时，经济对将来的影响”题干中的“book”在听力原文中重现;选项B）中的“Thedisruptioncaused bytechnologyn与听力原文中的technology bringsaboutdestructivechanges v属于同义转述，符合听力原文的语义,应选B）o【答案】）
16.D It linked a stone pit to some waterways.【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词（最长的一条路）/“the longest road ancient（古埃及）”,（修建）（大约年前）”,竹〔英Egypt Constructed/some500years ago500miles8里）（纪念碑遗址（一个石坑）（水路）”,听录音时着重/monument sites’5stone pit/waterways听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“What dowe learnfrom thelecture about the worlds意思是“我们从这篇关于世界上最古老的埃及铺砌道路的演讲中学到了oldest paved road inEgypt”什么？”的关键词“the worlcTs oldest paved road”和“Egypt”定位到听力讲座第一段uAmericanresearchers havediscovered the worlcTsoldest paved road,a4,600-year-old highway.Itlinkeda stone pit意思是“美国in theEgyptian desertto waterwaysthat carriedblocks tomonument sitesalong the Nile.”争论人员觉察了世界上最古老的铺砌道路，一条年历史的大路它把埃及沙漠中的一个采石4600场与水路连接起来，这些水路将石块运到尼罗河沿岸的纪念碑遗址”题干中的“the worlds oldest在听力讲座第一段第一句话中重现，与听力讲座第一段其次句话中的pavedroad”“Egypt”“Egyptian”属于同义替换；选项）中的和在听力讲座第一段其次句话中重现，符合听D“a stone pit”“waterways”力原文的语义，应选D）o【答案】）
17.A Saws used for cutting stone.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先看四个选项.〔用来切割石头的“Sawsused forcutting stone锯子），〔早期探险家留下的痕迹），Traces leftby earlyexplorers.“An ancient geographical map.（一幅古老的地理地图）“，〔一些石头工具局部，听录音时着重Some stone tool segments.听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干意思“What didthe researchersdiscover in the stone pit是“争论人员在采石场里觉察了什么？”的关键词定位到听力讲座第三段第一句in the stone pit”话“The researchersalso madea discoveryin the stone pitat thenorthern endof theroad:the first意思是“争论人员还在道路北端的一个采石场里有一项evidence that the Egyptians used rock saws.”觉察:埃及人使用石锯的第一个证据”题干中的在听力讲座第三段第一句话中重“in the stone pit”现；选项）中的在听力讲座第三段第一句话中重现，与听力讲座第三段第一句话中A“Saws”“stone”的属于同义替换，符合听力原文的语义，应选“rock”A）o【答案】
18.B To provide services for thestone pit.【解析】在听录音前,先看四个选项（运送石头来阻挡洪“To transport stones to block floods.水）为采石场供给效劳）Toprovide services for thestone pit1To link the various monument sites.（连接各种纪念碑遗址），To connectthe villagesalong the Nile.〔连接尼罗河沿岸的村庄听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“For whatpurpose was意思是“铺路的目的是什么”的问题定位到听力讲座第四段第一句话the pavedroad built”“Theroad was clearly built to provide servicesfor the newly discovered stonepit意思是“这条路明显是为了给觉察的采石场供给效劳而修建的”选项）的“在听力原文中重现，符合听B provideservices力原文的语义，应选）B【答案】）
19.D Dr.Gong slippedin needleswhere hefelt no pain.【解析】文章主旨题，此题符合开头出题及原词重现原则在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词（常规测试），（手绘标志〔问题）“conventional tests‘5hand-painted signQuestions/pain（问题），［滑）（针/〔苦痛），听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，“slipped/needles pain进展推断再依据题干意思是“说话者觉得什么特别“What doesthe speakerfind especiallystrange”惊异”的关键词定位到听力讲座第一段其次句话“strange”“Other needleswere slippedinto my leftwrist and,strangely,into myright arm,and theninto bothmy closedeyelids.There wasntany discomfort,just amild warmingsensation.v意思是“随后把针扎入了左手腕，此后的动作就感觉到很惊异了，在我的右手臂以及双眼睑也扎入了针但我没有感到任何不适，只有稍微暖暖的感觉”题干中的与听力原文中的属于同义转换；再联系上文听力讲座第一段第一句话“strange”“strangely”“The thin,extremely sharpneedles didnthurt at all going in.Dr.Gong piercedthem into my leftarm,around the意思是“细细的，格外锐利的针进去一点也不疼把它们elbow thathad beenbothering me.Dr.Gong扎进了我的左臂，这让我很困惑”可知给她扎针，她没有感到苦痛;选项）Dr.Gong D Dr.Gong（给她扎针，她没有感到苦痛）中的、slippedin needleswhere hefelt nopain.Dr.Gong“slipped在听力原文中重现，与听力讲座第一段第一句话中的属于同义替换，“needles”“nopain”“didrVt hurt”符合听力原文的语义，应选D）；其他三个选项选项A）Dr.Gong didntgive himany conventionaltests.（没有给他做任何常规的检查），选项）Dr.Gong B Dr.Gong markedhis officewith a hand-painted sign.（用手绘的牌子标出他的办公室）,选项）Dr.Gong C Dr.Gong didntask himany questionsabout his（没有问他任何关于苦痛的问题）,原文中都未提及，故排解pain.Dr.Gong【答案】）
20.C Previousmedical treatmentsfailed torelieve hispain.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词〔针灸），“acupuncture Yamous（著名的）（纽约唐人街）“，（医学治疗）〔缓/New Yorks Chinatown hnedicaltreatments/relieve解）”，（昂贵的医疗检查）/（负担不起的）”,听录音时着Expensive medical tests unaffordable重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干意思是“这个“Why didthe speakergo seeDr.Gong”说话者为什么要见呢？”的问题定位到听力讲座其次段其次句话Dr.Gong“However,I didbegin towonder whathad driven me here,totheoffice ofDr.James Gong,in NewYork，sChinat也意思、是“然而，我开头疑心是什么驱使我来到纽约唐人街的Dr.James Gong医生的办公室”可知下文要介绍说话者见的缘由；联系下文听力讲座第三段其次、三句话Dr.GonguSeveral tripsto a hospital and two expensive,uncomfortable medical tests hadfailed toproduce evenadiagnosis.Maybe you lean onyour leftarm toomuch,“the doctorconcluded,suggesting Isee a bone意思是“去了好几次医院，做了两次昂贵而不舒适的体检，医生都未能做出诊断’或许doctor.”你的左臂用太多了，医生说道，他推举我去看骨科大夫”及听力讲座第四段第
一、二句话Duringthe hours spent waiting in vain to see a bone doctor,I decidedto takeanother trackand tryacupuncture.意思是“等骨科医生等了几个小时，徒劳无功，我A Chinese-American friendrecommended Dr.Gong.打算换个方法试试针灸一位美籍华人朋友推举了”可知说话者由于几次治疗无效果，Dr.Gong打算尝试针灸；选项）（以前的治疗未能减轻C Previousmedical treatmentsfailed torelieve hispain.他的苦痛）符合听力原文的语义，应选）其他三个选项选项）C A He had heard of the wonders〔他听说过针灸的奇特成效），听力讲座第四段第一句话提到acupuncture could work.“During thehoursspent waitingin vainto see abone doctor,I decidedto takeanother trackand tryacupuncture.（等骨科医生等了几个小时，徒劳无功，我打算换个方法试试针灸）只是说换个方法试试针灸，并未说了解针灸的奇特成效，故排解；选项）（B Dr.Gong wasvery famousin NewYorks Chinatown.Dr在纽约的唐人街格外知名原文中未提及,故排解；选项）Gong D He found the expensive medicaltests（他觉察昂贵的医疗检查负担不起）,听力讲座第三段其次句话提到unaffordable.“Several tripsto意思ahospital andtwoexpensive,uncomfortable medicaltests hadfailed toproduce evena diagnosis/是“去了几次医院，做了两次昂贵而不舒适的体检，结果连诊断都没有”只是说做了昂贵的体检，并未说负担不起，故排解【答案】）
21.A Moreand morepatients askfor thetreatment.【解析】在听录音前,先找出四个选项的中心词upatients（病人）/treatment（治疗）”,“Acupuncture techniques（针，灸技术）/perfected（使完善）“，Conventional medicaltests（常规医学体检），（副作用）听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息,进展hegative sideeffects推粉再依据题干I“What accountfor thegrowing popularityof acupuncturein theUnited States,according tothe speakerv意思是“依据说话者的说法,针灸在美国流行的缘由是什么？”的问题定位到听力讲座第六段第三至五句话“Nowadays,a lotof medicaldoctors havelearned acupuncturetechniques;so have a number of dentists.Reason Patientdemand.v意思是“现在，很多医学博士都学过针灸，牙医也有不少缘由是什么？病人需求”选项）A Moreand morepatients askfor the.（越来越多的病人要求治疗）符合听力原文的语义，应选）treatment Ao【答案】）
22.C Theyquarreled a lot andnever resolvedtheir arguments.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词（濒临on the verge of breaking up崩溃的边缘）（相容的）（差异）（争吵）【争论），compatible/differences quarreled/arguments（辩论）〔有孩子）”,听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息,进展推断再依Argued/have children据题干意思是关于“What doesthe speakersay about Ronald and Loises early years ofmarried lifeRonald和Lois早年的婚姻生活，说话者说了些什么？”的关键词uearly yearsv和“married”定位到听力讲座第一段其次句话uBut in the earlyyears of their marriage both were disturbed by persistent意思是“但是在他们婚姻的早期，arguments thatseem tofade awaywithout everbeing truly resolved.两人都被持续不断的争吵所困扰，这些争吵似乎在没有真正解决的状况下就渐渐消逝了”题干中的在听力原文中重现，与听力讲座第一段其次句话中的属于同义转换；“earlyyearsharried”“marriage”选项）（他们吵了很多架,从来没有解决过他C Theyquarreled a lot andnever resolvedtheir arguments.们争论的问题）中的在听力原文中重现，符合听力原文的语义，应选）arguments C【答案】）
23.A Neitherof themhas anybrothers orsisters.【解析】细节题在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词（兄弟姐妹brothers orsisters parents［父母的恩宠），（被宠坏的）（童年）”,favor Spoiled/childhood Iheapple of their parents-eyes〔父母眼中的掌上明珠）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进展推断再依据题干“What do意思是“关于和我们了解到了什么？”的问题定位到we learnabout Ronald and Lois”Ronald Lois听力讲座其次段第一句话“Ronald andLouis are only children,and“onlies grow up accustomed to be而雀既是“和都是独生子女，“独生子女”习惯于成为父母的掌上明珠”the apple of fejraaldLois可知和都是独生子女，没有兄弟姐妹；选项）Ronald LoisA Neitherof themhas anybrothers orsisters.（他们都没有兄弟姐妹）符合听力原文的语义，应选A）o【答案】）
24.D They tend to be self-assured andresponsible.【解析】细节题在听录音前,先找出四个选项的中心词（擅长……）“good at/making friends（交朋友）”,（冒险精神）（制造力）”,〔使满足于Adventurous/creative Contentwith“self-assured〔有自信的）/（负责任的）”,听录音时着重听文章中的responsible相关信息,进展推断再依据题干意“What doesthe speakersay about the oldestchild in the family思是“关于家里最大的孩子，说话者说了些什么？”的关键词定位到听力讲座第三“the oldestchild”段第一句话The oldestchild tends to be self-assured,responsible,a high-achiever andrelatively seriousandreserved.v意思是“年龄最大的孩子往往是自信的、负责的、高成就的、相对严峻和矜持的”选项）中的和在听力原文中重现，符合听力原文的语义，应选）D“self-assured”“responsible”D【答案】）
25.B Theytend to be well adjusted.【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词〔宠爱）/〔交朋友）“enjoy making friends，（趋向）（很好的调整）,（最不行能）tend to/be well adjusted hreleast likely/take initiative（实行主动），〔成功的婚姻）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进Successful marriages展推断再依据题干u What doesthe speakersay aboutthe only children,意思是“关于独生子女，说话者说了什么？”问题定位到听力讲座最终一段第
一、二句话“The only child is often mostcomfortable when alone.But sincean onlytends to be awell-adjusted individual,she11eventually曲恩是独生子女独处时通learn torelate to any”c s»常最舒适但独生子女的适应力量一般都比较强，她最终会学会与自己选择的配偶相处”选项）BThey tend to be welladjusted.（他们倾向于很好的调整）中的“bewelladjustedv在听力原文中重现，符合听力原文的语义，应选）其他三个选项选项）（他们宠爱交B oA Theyenjoy makingfriends.朋友）,选项）.（他们最不行能实行主动），）C They are least likely to take initiativeD Theyusually（他们通常有成功的婚姻），听力原文中均未提及，故排解have successful marriages.（）Part IHReading Comprehension40minutes SectionA【答案】）
26.K puzzled【解析】题干是意思是“几个世纪以“The pyramidsexact sizehas26experts forcenturies***来，金字塔的准确尺寸始终着专家们……”空格前是助动词空格后26has,是名词作宾语，可知该句子为现在完成时，空格处应填入一个及物动词的过去分词形式；experts可从下面的动词中查找:）〔记录，把载入编年史），）（完A chroniclesB complete成），）（建立）,）［使入迷，吸引住）,）（使完善）,C establishedD fascinatesI perfect）（使迷惑,使难解）,）（移动,迁移）,其中））K puzzledM removedQ established,K puzzled,M removed为动词的过去分词形式，符合该句话的语法；再联系本段第一句话“Scientists scanningand mapping意思是“扫the Gizapyramids say theyve discovered that theGreat Pyramidof Gizais not exactly even.描和测绘吉萨金字塔的科学家说，他们觉察吉萨大金字塔并不完全对称”可推断科学家对于金字塔的尺寸始终都很困惑，空格处应填入符合上下文语义，应选）puzzled Ko【答案】）
28.A chronicles【解析】题干是Reporting in the mostrecent issueof thenewsletterAERAGRAMJ which28the workof theAncient EgyptResearch意思是“在最一期的时事通讯中报道，该通讯古埃及争论协会的工作Associates…”AERAGRAM28空格前是空格后是宾语可知该句子为引导which,the work,which的非限制性定语从句，空格处应填入一个及物动词作引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语,并能which和构成动宾搭配；可从下面的动词中查找）（记录，把载入编年work A chronicles史）,）（完成），B complete）（建立），）［使入迷，吸引住），）（使完善）;联C establishedD fascinatesI perfect系上下文，该句话中的〔时事通讯）”就是要去记录工程的进度，因此空格处应填入“newsletter符合上下文语义，应选）chronicles A【答案】
29.L remnants【解析】题干是“•••engineer Glen Dash sayshis teamused a new measuring approach that意思是involved finding any surviving29of thecasing inorder todetermine wherethe original edge was.”“……工程师说，他的团队使用了一种的测量方法,包括找出任何幸存的q,以确定原来GlenDash的边缘在哪里”空格前是限定词空格后是介词可知空格处应填入一个名词；可从下面的名any,of,词中查找）〔假设），）（最大量，最大限度，最高点），）E hypothesisF maximumG momentum［势头），）〔精度，［数］周密度，准确），）〔剩余局部，剩余），）J precisionL remnantsN revelations（觉察］；联系上下文，白色外壳石头之前被移走了，自然，只剩下一些剩余物，因此空格处应填入符合上下文语义，应选）remnants Lo【答案】）
30.F maximum【解析】题干是“They foundthe eastside of the pyramidto bea30of
5.5inches shorter than the意思是“他们觉察金字塔的东侧比西侧短英寸”空格前是不定冠词空格后west side.”
305.5a,是介词可知空格处应填入可数名词的单数形式；可从下面的名词中查找:）（假设），of,E hypothesis）（最大量，最大限度，最高点），）F maximumG momentum〔势头），）［精度，［数］周密度，准确）,）（觉察）;该句话后面为J precisionN revelationsof英寸，构造前后座位限定，因此空格处应填入一个跟数量相关的名词符合上下文
5.5of maximum语义，应选）Fo【答案】）
31.D fascinates【解析】题干是“The questionthat most31him,however,isnt how the Egyptianswho designed意思是“然而,最让他间题不星年前and builtthe pyramid got it wrong4,500years ago---”314500设计和建筑金字塔的埃及人是如何搞错的……”空格处位于引导的定语从句中，空格前是副词that空格后是人称代词作宾语，可知空格处应填入一个及物动词作谓语；可从下面的动词中most,him查找）（完成），）（建立），）（使入迷，吸引住〕，）B completeC establishedD fascinatesI perfect〔使完善）；联系上下文，该句话的后半句中有〔如此接近）”，本段其次句话中有句（只使用工具）”可知“so close to singonly the tools“他”对此布满了赞美之情，因此空格处应填入符合上下文语义，应选）fascinates D【答案】）
5.5inches意思是“他们觉察金字塔的东侧最多比西侧短英寸”提到了金字shorterthanthe westside/
5.5塔设计的缺陷，该句话中的表示转折，因此空格处应填入表示好的方面的词符合“but”perfect上下文语义，应选）I【答案】）
33.J precision【解析】题干是“We can only speculateas tohow the Egyptians couldhave laid out theselineswith such33using onlythe toolsthey had/Dash writes.n意思是“Dash写道我们只能猜测，埃及人怎么可能只用他们拥有的工具就能如此一布置这些线条”空格前33是介词和限定词空格后是动词的现在分词可知空格处应填入一个名词；可从下面with such,using,的名词中查找:）〔假设），）（势头）,）（精度，［数］周密度，E hypothesisG momentumJ precision准确），）觉察）；联系上下文，作者在强调金字塔建筑过程中的精准性，因此空格N revelations1处应填入符合上下文语义，应选）precision J【答案】）
34.E hypothesis【解析】题干是“He sayshis34is that the Egyptianslaidouttheir design on agrid---v意思是“他说他的是埃及人将他们的设计放在一个网格上……”空格前是形容词性物主代词空格后是34his,单数系动词可知空格处应填入单数可数名词或不行数名词；可从下面的名词中查找）is,E hypothesis〔假设），）（势头）,）（觉察）;作者谈到了过去的人是如何建筑金字G momentumN revelations塔的一些方法，然而，现代人是无法亲眼看到这一过程的,只能是一种假设，因此空格处应填入符合上下文语义，应选）hypothesis E【答案】）
36.[H]【解析】题干是“Itisthought probablethat the human brain is particularly good at picking-up意思是“人们认为人类的大脑很可能特别擅长收集社会上重要socially importantinformation.”的信息”由题干中的关键词、、、、“human brain“particularly“socially“good at”“important和‘Information”定彳遴U［H］段第一句话uMatthew D.Lieberman,a socialcognitive neuroscientistat the University of California,Los Angeles,and authorof the2023book Social:Why OurBrains AreWired to Connect,suspects that the human brain is especially adept at learning socially significantinformation.v意思是uMatthew D.Lieberman,加州大学洛杉矶分校的社会认知神经科学家，也是年《社交为什么我们的大脑被连接起来》一书的作者，疑心人类的大脑特别擅长学2023习具有社会意义的重要信息”题干中的、“human brain”、和都在［］段第一句话中重现，与［］段第一句话中的“socially“information”H“particularly”H“especially，“good at”与［H］段第一句话中的“adept”,Important”与［H］段第一句话中的“significant”都属于同义替换，athehuman brain is particularlygood atpicking-up socially important与［］段第一句话中的information.”H“the humanbrainisespecially adeptat learningsocially significant属于同义替换,语义与［］段的语义相符合,应选［］information/,H H【答案】
37.【解析】IFFM Itcan be concluded from experiments that the presence of peers increases意思是“从试验可以得出结论，同龄人的存在增加了青少年的risk-taking byadolescents and youth.”冒险”由题干中的关键词“adolescents and youth”定位到［C］段最终一句话“，The presence of peersmakes adolescents andyouth,but notadults,more likely to take risks/Steinberg and Gardner意思是总结道同龄人的存在让青少年，而不是成年人更简洁concluded Steinberg andGardner冒险”题干的语义与段的语义相符合，其中thehumanbrainis particularlygood atpicking-up与［］段最终一句话中的sociallyimportantinformation.”C‘The presence of peersmakes adolescentsand信息完全全都，应选［］youth,but notadults,more likely totakerisks C【答案】［］
38.L【解析】意Students shouldbe toldthat risk-taking in the classroomcan besomething positive.思是“学生们应当被告知，在课堂上冒险可能是一件乐观的事情”由题干中的关键词in the定位到［］段最终一句话classroom”L“We shouldassure suchstudents that risk,and evenpeer pressure,意思是“我们应当向这can bea goodthing—as longas it happens in the classroom and not in thecar.些学生保证，风险，甚至是同龄人的压力，都可以是一件好事一一只要这种状况发生在教室而不是汽车里”题干的语义与［］段的语义相符合，该句话LC Thetremendouschangesnewtechnologywill bring topeopleslives.D Theamazingamountof personalattention peoplewould liketo have.Section CDirections:In thissection,you willhear threerecordings oflectures ortalks followedby threeorfour questions.The recordingswillbeplayed onlyonce.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose thebestanswerfrom thefour choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Then markthe corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet1with asingle linethrough centre.Questions16to18are basedon therecording youhave justheard.
16.A Itwas thelongestroad in ancientEgypt.C Itlay8miles fromthe monument sites.8Itwasconstructed some500years ago.DIt linkedastonepit tosomewaterways.
17.A Sawsused forcuttingstone.C Anancientgeographicalmap.8Traces leftby earlyexplorers.D Somestonetoolsegments.
18.A Totransportstonestoblockfloods.C Tolinkthe variousmonumentsites.B Toprovideservicesfor thestonepit.DTo connectthe villagesalong theNile.Questions19to21are basedon therecording youhave justheard.
19.A Dr.Gong didntgive himany conventionaltests.B Dr.Gong markedhis officewith ahand-painted sign.CDr.Gong didntask himany questionsabout hispain.DDr.Gong slippedin needleswhere hefelt nopain.
20.AHehadheardof thewonders acupuncturecouldwork.BDr.Gong wasvery famousin NewYorks Chinatown.C Previousmedical treatmentsfailed torelieve hispain.DHefoundtheexpensivemedicaltests unaffordable.
21.A Moreand morepatients askfor thetreatment.B Acupuncturetechniques havebeen perfected.C Itdoesnt needthe conventionalmedicaltests.D Itdoes not have anynegative sideeffects.Questions22to25are basedon therecording youhave justheard.
22.A Theywere on thevergeofbreakingup.与［］段最终一句话B Theywere compatibledespite differences.L“We shouldassure suchstudents that risk,and evenpeer pressure,can bea goodthing—as longas ithappens in the classroom属于同义替换，应选［］and notin thecar.“L【答案】
39.【解析】题干是aThe urgeof findinga mate and getting married sccountsfor adolescents7greater意思是“查找伴侣和结婚的冲动导致青少年更关注社会交往”由attention to social interactions.”题干中的关键词ufinding a mate”和“getting marriedn定位到［J］段倒数其次句话“Evolutionarilyspeaking,people inthis agegroup areat a stage in which they can prepare tofind a mateand start their意思是“从进化的角度来说，这own familywhile separatingfrom parentsand striking out on their own.个年龄段的人正处于这样一个阶段，他们可以预备找到一个伴侣，建立自己的家庭，同时与父母分别，独立生活”题干中的与［］段倒数其次句话中的属于同义转换，“findingamate”J“find amate”与［］段倒数其次句话中的属于同义替换,语义与［］段的语gettingmarried”J“start their own family”J义相符合,应选［］J【答案】⑹
40.【解析】题干是uAccording toSteinberg,the presence of peersincreases thespeed and意思是认为，同龄人的存在提高了青少年学习的速度effectiveness of teenagers^learning.Steinberg和效率”由题干中的关键词和“Steinberg“increases thespeed andeffectiveness of teenagers定位到［］段倒数其次句话learning”G“What ourstudy suggestsis that teenagers learn more quickly and意思是more effectively when theirpeers arepresent than when theyreon their own/Steinberg says.“斯坦伯格说我们的争论说明，当同龄人在场时，青少年学习的速度和效率要比单独一人时更快、更有效”题下中的“the presenceof peersincreases thespeed andeffectiveness of teenagers^learning v与［G］段倒数其次句话中的teenagers learnmore quicklyand more effectivelywhen their属于同义替换，语义与⑹段的语义相符合，应选［］peers arepresent than when theyreon theirown G【答案】［］
41.A【解析】题干是意思是“Teenagers parentsare oftenconcerned aboutnegative peerinfluence“青少年的父母常常担忧同龄人的负面影响”由题干中的关键词Teenagers-parents和u negativepeerinfluence v定位到［A］段倒数其次句话u Parents of teenagers often view their childrens friendswith somethinglike suspicion.They worrythat the adolescent peer group has the power to push its意思是“青少年的父母常常用疑心的眼光members into behavior thatis foolishand even dangerous.”对待孩子的朋友他们担忧青少年同龄人团体有力量将其成员推向愚蠢甚至危急的行为”题干中的与［］段倒数其次句话中的“Teenagers parents”A Parentsofteenagers；negative peerinfluence”与（A］段倒数其次句话中的the adolescentpeer grouphas the都属于同义替换，语义与power topush itsmembers into behavior thatis foolishand evendangerou^队］段的语义相符合，应选网【答案】［］
42.I【解析】Activating the brains social network involvedin sociallymotivated learning and memorymay allow studentsto tapunused mental powers.v意思是“激活大脑的社交网络参与社会动机的学习和记忆可以让学生开发未使用的智力”由题干中的关键词“social networkv和“mental powers”定位到［I］段,题干中的“social networkv在［I］段其次句话中重现，题干中的“mental powers”在在［I］段最终一句话中重现，［］段最终一句话I“Such findings,he says,suggest thatthis networkcan becalled ontoprocess andstore the kind ofinformation taughtin school—potentially givingstudents accessto a range意思是“他说，这些觉察说明，‘这个网络可以被用来处理和存储学of untapped mental powers.‘校里教授的信息，这可能会让学生接触到一系列尚未开发的智力”题干中的“mayallowstudents totapunused mentalpowers”与［I］段最终——句话中的upotentially givingstudents accessto arange of属于同义替换，语义与［］段的语义相符合，应选［］untappedmentalpowers”I I【答案】旧
43.【解析】题干是意思“The presenceof peers intensifies the feeling ofrewards inteens brains.”是“同龄人的消灭强化了青少年大脑中的嘉奖感”由题干中的关键词“和rewards”“teens brains”定位到旧段第
一、二句话The brainsofteenagers,but notadults,showed greateractivity intwo regionsassociatedwith rewardswhen they were beingobserved bysameage peersthanwhenalone.In other”意思是“青少年的大脑，但不words,rewards are more intensefor teenswhen theyare withpeers…是成年人，在与同龄人一起观看时，与嘉奖相关的两个区域的活动比单独观看时更大换句话说，当青少年和同龄人在一起时，嘉奖会更加猛烈……”题干中的在旧段中重现，“rewards”teens-brains与旧段第一句话中的“The brainsofteenagers”,u The presenceof peersintensifies thefeeling ofrewards inteens“brains.v与旧段其次句话中的“rewards aremore intensefor teenswhen theyare withpeersv都属于同义替换，语义与旧段的语义相符合，应选旧【答案】［］
44.K【解析】题干是“When we absorb informationfor the purpose of imparting it to others,we意思是“当我们为了将信息传递给他人而吸取信息时，我们do so with greater accuracy and depth.”会更加准确和深入”由题干中的关键词“absorb information”定位到［K］段最终一句话u Researchshowsthat whenwe absorb information inorder toteach itto someoneelse,we learnit moreaccurately意思是“争论显示，当我们为and deeply,perhaps inpart becausewe areengaging oursocial cognition.了向别人传授信息而吸取信息时，我们学习得更加准确和深刻，或许局部缘由是由于我们在参与我们的社会认知”题干中的“absorb在［］段最终一句话中重现，与［］段最终一句话information”K“thepurpose ofimparting itto others”K中的uteach itto someoneelsev,“we do so withgreateraccuracyanddepth,与［K］段最终一句话中的都属于同义替换，语义与］段的语义相符合，应选［］“we learnit moreaccurately anddeeply”K K【答案】［］
45.D【解析】题干是“Some experts are suggestingthat weturn peerinfluence to good usein意思是“一些专家建议我们在教育中充分利用同龄人的影响力”由题干中的关键词education.和定位到［］段最终一句话experts”“education”D Now some expertsare proposing that we shouldtake advantage of the teen brains keen sensitivity tothe presenceof friends and leverage itto improve意思是“现在一些专家建议，我们应当利用青少年大脑对朋友存在的敏感，并利用它来education/改善教育”题干中的和在［］段最终一句话中重现，“experts”“education”D Weturn peerinfluence to与［］段最终一句话中的good usein education”D“weshouldtake advantage of theteen brainskeen属于同义替换，语义与［］段sensitivity tothe presenceof friendsand leverageittoimprove education”D的语义相符合，应选［］DSection CPassage One【答案】
46.C Ricefarmers in the EbroDelta arewaging abattle ofsimilar importance.【解析】例证题题干是问uWhy doesthe authormention theSpanish CivilWar atthe beginning意思是为什么作者在这篇文章的开头提到了西班牙内战？”由题干中的关键词of thepassage定位到文章第一段第一句话Spanish CivilWar”“The EbroDelta,in Spain,famous asa battlegroundduring theSpanish CivilWar,is nowthe settingfora different contest,one thatis pittingrice farmers意思是“西班牙的埃布罗三against twoenemies:the rice-eating giant applesnail,and risingsea levels.”角洲曾是西班牙内战时期的战场，现在是另一场竞赛的场地，这场竞赛让稻农们面对两个敌人:吃大米的巨型苹果蜗牛和不断上升的海平面”题干中的在原文第一段第一句话中重现；选项）Spanish CivilWar”C Ricefarmers in the EbroDelta are（的稻农正在进展一场同样重要的战斗）中的waging abattle ofsimilar importance.EbroDelta“Ricefarmers in the EbroDelta”在原文第一段第一句话中重现，与原文的语义相符合,应选C）；其他三个选项选项）A Ithad greatimpact on the lifeofSpanish rice farmers.（它对西班牙稻农的生活产生了巨大的影响），文章第一段最终一句话What happenshere willhave a bearing on the future of European riceproduction and the overallhealth ofsouthern European意思是“这里发生的事情将对欧洲稻米生产的将来和南欧湿地的整体安康产生影响”wetlands.可知其影响是指对欧洲稻米生产的将来和南欧湿地的整体安康产生影响，而不是影响西班牙稻农的生活，故排解;选项）.（它在西班牙历史记B Itisofgreat significancein therecords ofSpanish history载中具有重要意义与原文的语义不符，故排解；选项）D Ricefarmers in the EbroDelta areexperiencing（的稻农正经受着和战斗一样困难的时期）是干扰句，与原ashardatimeasin thewar.EbroDelta文的语境不符，故排解【答案】）
47.D Usingone evilto combatthe other.【解析】细节题题干是问What maybe the most effectivestrategy forrice farmersto employin意思是“稻农在对抗敌人时最有效的策略是什么”由题干中的关键词fightingtheirenemies”定位到文章其次段最终一句话“strategy”The mostpromising strategyhas become to harnessone foe意思是“最有期望的策略是利用一个敌人应付另一个敌人”题干中的against the other.“strategy”在原文其次段最终一句话中重现；选项）.〔用一种邪恶来对抗另D Usingone evilto combatthe other一种邪恶），与原文的语义相符合，应选D）；其他三个选项选项A）Striking theweaker enemyfirst.f先打击较弱的敌人），选项）（——石二鸟）,选项）B Killingtwo birdswith onestone.C Eliminating〔逐个肖灭敌人），原文中都未提及，故排解theenemyone byone.7【答案】）
48.C Itsimmediate priorityis tobring thepest undercontrol.【解析】细节题题干是问意思是“关于“What dowe learnabout Project Neurice”ProjectNeurice,我们了解到什么？”由题干中的关键词“ProjectNeurice”定位到文章第三段最终一句话Scientists workingunder thebanner ProjectNeurice7are seeking varieties of rice that can withstandtheincreasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes Europeanrice ideal fortraditional Spanish意思是“在的旗帜下工作的科学家们正在查找能够经受住日益and Italiandishes.^ProjectNeurice增加的盐度而又不失去吸取力量的大米品种，这使得欧洲大米成为传统西班牙和意大利菜肴的抱负选择”题干中的在原文第三段最终一句话中重现；再联系下文第四段“…“ProjectNeurice”theshort-term fightagainst the snail,and a mid-to long-term fightagainst climatechange.But thesnail has意思是……’短期对抗蜗牛，中长期对抗气候变化但是蜗牛给given theproject greater urgency/这个工程带来了更大的压力”选项）（它C Itsimmediate priorityis tobring thepest undercontrol.的当务之急是掌握住害虫）的uimmediate priority”与原文第四段中的“greaterurgency”属于同义替换,与原文的语义相符合，应选C）；其他三个选项选项A）Itsgoalswillhaveto berealizedatacost.（它的目标必需付出代价才能实现），选项）它的目B Itaims toincrease theyield ofSpanish rice.1标是提高西班牙水稻的产量，原文中都未提及，故排解；选项）D Ittries tokill the snails withthe help〔它试图在气候变化的帮助下杀死蜗牛），由原文其次段第三句话of climatechange.“At the sametime,this sea-water alsokills offthe greedygiant applesnail,an introducedpest that feeds on young rice意思是“与此同时，海水也杀死了贪欲的巨型苹果蜗牛，一种引进的以水稻幼苗为食的害plants.”虫”可知是用盐海水杀死蜗牛，而与气候变化无关，故排解【答案】）
49.B Itwill invadeother rice-growing regionsof Europe.【解析】细节题题干是问“What doesNeurice projectmanager say aboutthe giant applesnail”意思是工程经理对这只巨型苹果蜗牛有什么看法？”由题干问题定位到文章第五段最终三Neurice句话“For now,thegiantapple snailspresence inEurope islimited tothe EbroDelta.But thesnailcontinues its march to new territory,says Serrat.zThe questionis notwhether it will reach other意思是“目前,巨型苹果蜗牛在欧洲的存在仅限于rice-growing areasof Europe,but when.’Ebro但蜗牛连续进军领域，说问题不在于它是否会到达欧洲的其他水稻种植区,而是何Deltao Serrat时will invadeother rice-growing regionsof Europe.（它将侵袭欧洲的其他水稻种植区）是对原文中的和thesnail continues itsmarch tonew territory”“it willreach otherrice-growing areasofEurope的概括总结,与原文的语义相符合，应选B）；其他三个选项:）（它只能在南欧湿地生存），与原文A Itcan surviveonlyonsouthern Europeanwetlands.第五段倒数其次句话中的不符合，故解；选项）“thesnailcontinues itsmarch tonew territory”NF C（它以超出人类想象的速度生殖），原文中未提Itmultipliesataspeedbeyondhumanimagination.及,故排解；选项）.〔它是有意引入稻田的），与D Itwas introducedinto therice fieldson purpose题干的问题不符合，故排解【答案】
50.A Cultivatingideal salt-resistant ricevarieties.【解析】细节题题干是问u What istheultimategoalof theEU-funded program^意思是“欧盟资助工程的最终目标是什么？”由题干中的关键词定位到文章最终一段第一“EU-funded”句话“As anEU-funded effort,the searchfor salt-tolerant varietiesof riceis takingplace in all three意思是“作为一项欧盟资助的工程，三个国家都在查找耐盐水稻品种”题干中的countries.在原文最终一段第一句话中重现；选项）“EU-funded”ACultivatingidealsalt-resistant rice.〔培育抱负的耐盐水稻品种〕中的与原文最终一段第一varieties“salt-resistant ricevarieties”句话中的“salt-tolerant varietiesofrice”属于同义替换，与原文的语义相符合，应选A）；其他三个选项:选项）（提高西班牙水稻的吸取力量），B Increasingthe absorbencyof theSpanishrice.选项）（将西班牙大米引入欧洲其他国家），C IntroducingSpanishricetotherest ofEurope.原文中都未提及，故排解；Popularizingthericecrossbreedingtechnology.（推广水稻杂交育种技术），原文最终一段第一句话是说正在查找耐盐水稻品种，由文章最终一段其次句话“Each teamis crossbreedinga localEuropean short-grain ricewith along-grain Asianvarietythat carriesthe salt-resistantgene.,,意思是“每个争论组都在杂交一种当地的欧洲短粒水稻和一种携带耐盐基因的亚洲长粒水稻”可知耐盐水稻品种为水稻杂交，而这种水稻是正在培育，不是推广，故排解Passage Two【答案】〕
51.A Itwas a painstaking effortfor recordinglife smajor events.【解析】题干是问意思是“关于过What doesthe authorsay aboutphoto-taking inthe past”去的摄影，作者说了些什么？”由题干中的关键词和定位至文章第——“photo-taking”“inthepast”U段第——句话u Photographywasoncean expensive,laborious ordealreserved forlifes greatest意思是“拍照曾经是为留下生命中最重要的里程碑要经受一个昂贵、困难的考验”题milestones.干中的与原文第一段第一句话中的属于同义替换，与原文“photo-taking”“Photography”inthepast”第一段第一句话中的属于同义替换；选项〕“once”AItwas apainstakingeffortforrecordinglife smajor.〔记录生活中的重大大事是一种困难的努力）中的与原文第一段第events“apainstakingeffort”一句话中的属于同义替换，与原文的语义相符合，应选）；其他三“anexpensive,laborious ordeal”A个选项选项）（这是一种只有少数富人才B Itwas aluxury thatonly afew wealthypeople couldenjoy.能享受的白费品，选项）（这是保存贵重图像的好C Itwas agood wayto preserveones preciousimages.方法,选项）〔这是一项需要大量练习才能把握的D Itwas askill thatrequired lotsof practiceto master.技能，原文中都未提及，故排解【答案】
52.D Whetheritprevented peopleenjoying what they were doing.【解析】细节题题干是问“Kristin Diehlconducted aseriesofexperiments onphoto-takingto find out意思是“Kristin Diehl进展了一系列关于拍照的试验，以找出___________________由题干中的关键词定位到文章其次段最终一句话“Kristin Diehl”“You hearthat youshouldnt takeallthese photosandinterrupttheexperience,and itsbadforyou,and werenotlivinginthepresent意思是“‘你听说你不应当拍下全部这些照片并打断这种体验，这对你moment/says Kristin Diehl…来说很糟糕，而我们现在并不是生活在这里，说道……”题干中的在原KristinDiehl“KristinDiehl”文其次段最终一句话中重现；由题干中的定位到文章第三段第——句话“find out”“Diehl andherfellow researcherswantedtofindoutifthatwastrue,so theyembarked onaseriesof nineexperiments”意思是inthelab andinthefield testingpeoples enjoymentinthe presence orabsence ofa camera.和她的同事们想知道这是否属实，于是他们在试验室和野外进展了一系列的九次试验，测试“Diehl人们在照相机面前或不在时的享受”题干中的在原文第三段第一句话中重现；选项）“findout”DWhether itpreventedpeople（它是否阻挡人们享受他们正在做的事情）中的与原文第enjoyingwhattheyweredoing.“enjoying”三段第一句话中的“enjoyment”属于同义转换，与原文的语义相符合，应选D）；其他三个选项选项）A whatkindofpleasure itwould actuallybringtophoto-takers（它会给摄影者带来什么样的欢快），选项）B whetherpeople enjoyedit when they didsightseeing（人们在观光时是否宠爱它），选项）〔它如何C howit couldhelp toenrich peopleslife experiences有助于丰富人们的生活经受），原文中都未提及，故排解【答案】）
53.C Theyaremoreabsorbed inwhat catchestheir eye.【解析】题干是问“What dothe resultsof Diehl〃sexperimentsshowaboutpeopletaking意思是的试验结果显示了人们拍照的哪些状况？”由题干中的关键词pictures Diehl定位到文章第三段最终两句话“results”“The results,published inthe Journalof Personalityand SocialPsychology,surprised them.Taking photosactuallymakespeopleenjoywhatthey,redoingmore,not意思是发表在《人格与社会心理学》杂志上的争论结果让他们感到惊异拍照使人们更宠爱less/他们所做的事情，而不是更少”题干中的在原文第三段其次句话中重现；选项）“results”C Theyare,〔他们更专注于吸引眼球的事物）与原文的语境相符合，moreabsorbedinwhatcatchestheireye应选C）；其他三个选项选项A）Theyaredistracted fromwhattheyaredoing.（他们从正在做的事情上分心），选项）（他们可以更好地记住他们看到B Theycan betterremember whatthey seeor do.或做了什么，选项）（他们可以更好地了解世界），D Theycan have abetterunderstanding of the world.原文中都未提及，故排解【答案】）
54.B Theyfocus moreon theexhibits whentaking pictures.【解析】细节题题干是问“What isfound aboutmuseum visitorswiththeaid ofeyetracking意思是“博物馆参观者借助眼睛追踪眼镜，有什么觉察？”由题干中的关键词glasses“museum”和“eye-tracking glasses”定位到文章第六段最终三句话ult worksforthingsas boringas archaeological（考古的）museums,where peopleweregiveneye-tracking glassesand instructedeither totake photosor not.People looklonger atthings theywantto photograph/Diehl says.They reportliking theexhibits意思是“它适用于像考古博物馆这样枯燥无聊的地方，在那里，人们被赐予眼睛跟踪眼more,too.”镜，并被指示照相或不照相人们会花更长的时间去看他们想拍的东西，说他们也更宠Diehl爱展品”题干中的与原文第六段其次句话中的属于同义转换，“museum”“museums”“eye-tracking在原文第六段其次句话中重现；选项）glasses”B Theyfocus moreon theexhibits whentaking pictures.（他们在拍照时更关注展品）中的在原文第六段最终一句话中重现，“exhibits”taking pictures”与原文第六段其次句话中的“takephotos”属于同义替换，与原文的语义相符合，应选B）；其他三个选项:选项）〔他们带来了更好的展品照A Theycomeoutwithbetterphotographsof theexhibits.片），选项）.〔他们对展出的东西有更好的看法），C Theyhave abetter viewof whatareondisplay选项）.（他们更容易跟踪历史大事），原文中都未D Theyfollow thehistorical eventsmoreeasily提及，故排解［答案］）
55.D Eventhe verythought oftaking aphoto canhaveapositive effect.【解析】细节题题干是问意思是“我们从最终^What dowe learnfromthelast paragraph^一段中学到了什么？”由题干中的关键词定位到文章最终一段第三句话last paragraph“No,theyfound;just theact ofplanningtotakeaphoto—and notactually takingit—had thesame joy-boostingeffect.”意思是“不，他们觉察,只是打算拍照的行为----------------------------------------而不是真正的拍照-----有着同样的快感------助推效应”选项D）Eventheverythoughtoftaking aphoto.（即使是拍照的想法也能起到乐观的作用）中的与原文canhaveapositiveeffect“takingaphoto”最终一段第三句话中的“take aphoto”属于同义转换，与原文的语义相符合，应选D）；其他三个选项选项）（在拍照前最好先制定JTM））AItisbetterto makeplansbeforetakingphotos.O,C（摄影师可以从相机的点击中获得极Photographerscanderivegreatjoyfromtheclickofthecamera.大的乐趣，原文中都未提及，故排解；选项）.（心理B Mentalphotos can beas beautifulassnapshots照片可以像快照一样秀丽），是干扰项，原文最终一段最终两句话“If youwanttotakementalphotos,that worksthesameway/Diehl says.Thinking aboutwhat youwould wanttophotographalsogetsyou意思是彳段设你想拍心理照片，那也是一样的说想想自己想拍什么也moreengaged.J Diehl能让你更投入再联系上文最终一段第三句话可知拍心理照片的想法与打算拍照的想法一样会产生愉悦感，而不是说像快照一样秀丽，故排解Part IVTranslation【译文范文】Inthepast,it isluxurious formost ofChinese to haveaprivate car.Nowadays,it canbe seeneverywherein China.The carbecomes anindispensable part of peopleslifeThey not only commutebycar but also travelby car.The numberof carsin somecities increasesso fastthat theproblems oftrafficjam andinsufficient parking spaces havebeen increasingly serious.As aresult,the municipal governmentof thesecities hadto introduce new regulationto limitthe numberof carspermitted oncity roads.Due tothe increasingly heavier air pollution,more andmore peoplechoose topurchase new energy carsnow.Chinese governmenthas alsotaken somemeasures tosupport thedevelopment ofnew energy cars.【逐句解析】
（1）过去，拥有一辆私家车对大局部中国人而言是件白费的事如今，私家车在中国随处可见【词汇】（白费）luxurious【学问点】前一句考察句型；后一句考察被动句:“利家车”被“见”；【译it isadj.for sb.tod sth,文】Inthepast,it isluxurious formost ofChinese tohaveaprivate car.Nowadays,it canbe seeneverywherein China.
（2）汽车成了人们生活中不行或缺的一局部，他们不仅开车上下班，还常常驾车出游【词汇】（一局部），（不行或缺的）；（上下班），apartof indispensablecommute【学问点】后一句解释前一句,可用（不仅还）连接两句not only•••but also…【译文】The carbecomes anindispensable part of peoplelifeThey notonly commuteby carbutalso travelby car.
（3）有些城市的汽车增长速度过快，以至于交通拥堵和停车位缺乏的问题日益严峻，这些城市的市政府不得不出台规，限制上路汽车的数量【词汇】（增长速度过快）,（交通拥堵）,increase so fast traffic jam insufficientparkingspaces〔停车位缺乏），（日益严峻），（市政府），increasinglyseriousmunicipalgovernmentintroducenew（出台规）regulation【学问点】这句话承受了拆译的方法，拆成两句话前一句用引导目的状语从句后一so…that”句话与前面一整句话之间存在因果的规律关系，因而在后一句话前增补了充分表达两“asaresult,句话之间的规律关系“限制数量”是“出台规”的目的，因而处理为不定式构造作目的状语“to do”［译文］The numberof carsin somecities increasessofastthat theproblems oftrafficjamandinsufficient parkingspaces havebeen increasinglyserious.As aresult,the municipalgovernment ofthesecities hadto introducenew regulationto limitthe numberof carspermitted oncity roads.
（4）由于空气污染日益严峻，现在越来越多的人选择购置能源汽车，中国政府也实行了一些措施，支持能源汽车的进展【词汇】（空气污染，）〔能源），air pollutionnewenergytake somemeasures【学问点】这句话承受了拆译的方法，拆成两句话第一句话用引导缘由状语，也可译“due to”为由引导的缘由状语从句“支持进展”是“实行措施”的目的，处理为%ecause/since/as“to do”构造作目的状语【译文】Due totheincreasinglyheavierairpollution,more andmore peoplenow chooseto purchasenewenergycars.Chinese governmenthas alsotaken somemeasures tosupport thedevelopment ofnewenergy cars.年月英语六级考试听力原文（卷一）20236（）Part IIListening Comprehension25minutes SectionAConversation OneM:Whats allthat Areyou going to makea saladW:No,l〃m goingto makea gazpacho.M:Whats thatW:Gazpacho isa coldsoup fromSpain.Its mostlyvegetables.I guessyou couldcall ita liquidsalad.M:Cold soupSounds weird.W:lts delicious.Trust me.I triedit for the firsttime duringmy summervacation in Spain.C Theyquarreled alot andnever resolvedtheir arguments.D Theyargued persistentlyabout whethertohavechildren.
23.A Neitherof themhas anybrothers orsisters.B Neitherof themwon theirparents favor.C Theywerent spoiledin theirchildhood.D Theydidn,tliketo be the appleof theirparents eyes.
24.A Theyare usuallygoodatmakingfriends.B Theytend tobe adventurousand creative.C Theyare oftencontent withwhattheyhave.D Theytend tobeself-assured andresponsible.
25.ATheyenjoy makingfriends.C Theyare leastlikelytotake initiative.8Theytendtobewelladjusted.D Theyusually havesuccessfulmarriages.Part IIIReading Comprehension40minutesSection ADirections:In thissection,there isapassage with tenblanks.You arerequired toselect oneword foreachblank froma list of choicesgiven in a wordbank following thepassage.Read thepassage throughcarefullybefore makingyour choices.Each choiceinthe bank isidentified bya letter.Please markthecorresponding letterfor eachitem onAnswerSheet2with asingle linethrough thecentre.You may notuse anyofthewords inthebankmore than once.Scientists scanningand mappingthe Gizapyramids saytheyve discoveredthattheGreat PyramidofGiza isnotexactlyeven.But reallynot bymuch.This pyramid isthe oldest oftheworlcTsSeven Wonders.The pyramidsexact sizehas26experts forcenturies,asthe“more than21acres ofhard,white casingstonesthatoriginallycovereditwere27long ago.Reporting inthe mostrecent issueofthenewsletter“AERAGRAM,which28the workoftheAncient EgyptResearchAssociates,engineer GlenDash sayshisteam used anewmeasuringapproachthat involvedfinding anysurviving29ofthecasing inorder todeterminewhere theoriginaledgewas.They foundthe eastside ofthe pyramidtobea30of
5.5inches shorterthanthe westside.The questionthat most31him,however,isnt howthe Egyptianswho designedandYou see,inthesouth ofSpain,it getsvery hotinthesummer,up to40°C.So acold gazpachois veryrefreshing.The mainingredientsaretomato,cucumber,bell peppers,olive oiland stalebread.M:Stale breadSurely youmean breadfor dippinginto thesoupW:No.Bread iscrushed andblended inlikeeverythingelse.It addstexture andthickness tothesoup.M:Mm.And isit healthyW:Sure.As Isaid earlierit,zs mostlyvegetables.You canalso adddifferent thingsif youlike,such ashard-boiled eggor curedham.M:Cured hamWhats thatW:Thats anotherSpanish delicacy.Have younever heardof itItisquite famous.M:No.Is itgood tooW:Oh,yeah,definitely.Its amazing.Its alittle dryand salty.And itis veryexpensive becauseitcomes froma specialtype ofpig thatonly eatsa specialtype offood.The hamis coveredin saltto dryandpreserveit,and lefthung foruptotwoyears.It hasa verydistinct favor.M:Mm.Sounds interesting.Where canI findsomeW:It usedtobedifficult toget Spanishproduce here.But itsnow alot morecommon.Most largesupermarketchains havecuredhamin littlepackets,but inSpain youcan buy a whole leg.M:A wholepig legWhy wouldanybody wantso muchhamW:In Spain,many peoplebuyawholelegfor specialgroup events,such asChristmas.They cutitthemselves intovery thinslices with alongflat knife.QI.What dowe learnabout gazpachoQ
2.For whatpurpose isstalebreadmixed intogazpachoQ.
3.Why doesthe womanthink gazpachois healthyConversationTwoQ
4.What doesthe womensay aboutcured hamM:Hello,I wish to buya bottleof wine.W:Hi,yes.What kindofwinewould youlikeM:I dorTtknow,sorry.I dont know muchabout wine.W:Thats noproblem atall.Whats theoccasion andhow muchwould youliketospendM:Its formy boss.Its hisbirthday.I knowhe likeswine,but Idont knowwhat type.I alsodo notwantanything tooexpensive,maybe mid-range.How muchwould yousay isamid-range bottleof wineapproximatelyW:Well,it variesgreatly.Our lowestprices arearound$6a bottle,but thoseare tablewines.Theyare notveryspecial.And I wouldnotsuggest themasagift.On theother end,our mostexpensive bottlesareover$
150.If you are lookingfor somethingpriced inthe middle,Iwouldsay anythingbetween$30and$60would makea decentgift.How doesthat soundM:Mm,yeah.I guesssomething inthe vicinityof30or40would begood.Which typewould yourecommendW:Iwouldsaythesafest optionis alwaysa redwine.Theyaregenerally morepopular thanwhites,and canusually bepairedwithfood moreeasily.Our specialtyhere areItalian wines,and thesetendtobefruity withmedium acidity.This onehereisa Chianti,which isperhaps Italysmostfamoustypeofredwine.Alternatively,youmaywishtotry andsurprise yourboss with something lesscommon,such asthisZinfandel.The grapesare originallynative toCroatia butthis wineryis ineastern Italy.And ithas morespicyand pepperyflavor.So,to summarize,the Chiantiis moreclassical andthe Zinfandelmore exciting.Both aresimilarly pricedat justunder$
40.M:I willgo withChianti then.Thanks.Questions5to8are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.Q
5.What doesthe womanthink oftable winesQ
6.What isthe pricerange ofwine theman willconsiderQ
7.Why doesthe womanrecommend redwinesQ
8.What dowe learnaboutthewinethemanfinallyboughtSection BPassageOneMany peopleenjoy secretcodes.The harderthecode,themoresome peoplewould tryto figureitout.In wartime,codes areespecially important.Theyhelparmy sendnews aboutbattles andsigns ofenemyforces.Neither sidewants itscode brokenbytheother.One veryimportant codewas neverbroken.Itwasused duringWorld WarII bythe Americans.Itwasspokencode,never writtendown,and itwasdeveloped andusedbyNavajoIndians.Theywerecalled theNavajocodetalkers.The Navajoscreatedthe codesin theirown language.Navajo ishard tolearn andonly afew peopleknow it.So itwaspretty certainthattheenemy wouldnot beable tounderstand thecodetalkers.In addition,the talkersusedcode words.They calleda submarinean ironfish and a smallbomb thrownby hand a potato.If theywantedto spellsomething,they usedcode wordsfor lettersoftheAlphabet.For instance,the letterAwas antor appleor ax.The codetalkers workedmostly inthe islandsinthePacific.One ortwo would beassigned toa groupof soldiers.They wouldsend messagesby fieldtelephone tothecodetalker inthenext group.And hewould relaythe informationto hiscommander.The codetalkers playedan importantpartinseveralbattles.Theyhelpedthetroopscoordinatetheirmovementsand attacks.After thewar,theU.S.governments honoredthemforwhattheyhadaccomplished.Theirs wasthemostsuccessfulwartime codeeverused.Questions9to11are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.Q
9.What doesthe speakersaymanypeopleenjoydoingQ
10.What dowe learnabout Navajocode talkersQll.What isthe speakermainlytalkingaboutPassage TwoIfyou areyoung andthinking aboutyour career,youwantto know where youcan makea living.Well,theres goingtobeatechnologicalreplacementofalotofknowledge-intensive jobsinthenexttwenty years.Particularly inthe twolargest sectorsofthelabor forcewith professionalskills.One isteaching,andtheother,healthcare.You haveso manyapplications andsoftware andplatforms that aregoing tocome in and provideinformation andservice inthese twofields,which meansalotof healthcareandeducation sectorswouldberadically changedandalotofjobswillbe lost.Now,where willthe newjobsbe foundWell,the onesector ofthe economythatcantbeeasilyduplicatedbyeven smarttechnologiesisthecaring sector,the personalcare sector.That is,you cantreally get a robotto doagreat massageorphysical therapy.Or youcant getthekindof personalattention youneed withregard totherapyor anyother personal services.Theycouldbe veryhigh andpersonalservices.Therapists dochargealotofmoney.I thinktheres nolimit tothe amountofpersonalattention andpersonalcare,peoplewouldlike ifthey couldafford it.But thereal questioninthefuture ishow canpeople affordthesethings ifthey don/thavemoney becausethey cantgetajob thatpays enough.Thats whyI wrotethisbook,which isabout howto reorganizetheeconomyfor thefuturewhentechnologybringsaboutdestructive changes,to whatwe usedto considerhigh incomework.Questions12to15are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.Q
12.What doesthe speakersay willhappen inthenext20yearsQ
13.Where willyoungpeoplehavemorechancestofind jobsQ
14.What doesthe speakersayabouttherapistsQ
15.Whatisthe speakersbook aboutSectionCRecording OneAmericanresearchers havediscovered the worldsoldestpavedroad,a4,600-year-old highway.Itlinked astonepitintheEgyptian desertto waterwaysthat carriedblocks tomonumentsitesalong theNile.The eight-mile roadis atleast500years olderthan anypreviously discoveredroad.Itisthe onlypavedroad discoveredin ancientEgypt,said geologistThomas BownoftheU.S.Geological Survey.Hereported thediscovery onFriday.The roadprobably doesntrank withthe pyramidsasaconstructionfeat,but itisamajor engineeringachievement/said hiscolleague,geologist JamesHarrell oftheUniversity ofToledo.Not onlyistheroad earlierthan wethought possible,we didn/t eventhink theybuiltroads.”The researchersalso madea discoveryinthestonepitatthenorthern endoftheroad:the firstevidencethattheEgyptiansusedrocksaws.This isthe oldestexample ofsaws beingusedforcuttingstone/said Bownscolleague JamesHoffmeier ofWheaton Collegein Illinois.zzThats twotechnologies wedidntknow theyhad/Harrell said.And we dontknowwhy theywere bothabandoned.The roadwasdiscovered inthe FaiyumDepression,about45miles southwestof Cairo.Short segmentsoftheroad hadbeenobserved byearlier explorers,Bown said,but theyfailed torealize itssignificance orfollow upontheir observations.Bown and his colleaguesstumbled acrossit whiletheyweredoing geologicalmappingin theregion.The roadwasclearlybuilttoprovideservicesforthenewlydiscoveredstonepit.Bown andHarrellhave foundthe campthat housedworkers atthestonepit.The roadappears todaytogonowhere,ending inthe middleofthedesert.When itwas built,its terminalwas adock on the shoreof Lake Moeris,which hadan elevationof about66feet abovesea level,thesameasthedock.LakeMoerisreceived itswater fromthe annualfloods oftheNile.At thetime ofthe floods,the riverandlake wereatthesame leveland connectedthrough agap inthe hillsnear themodern villagesofel-Lahun andHawara.Harrell andBown believethat blockswere loadedonto bargesduring thedryseason,then floatedover totheNileduring thefloods tobe shippedoff tothe monumentsites atGizaand Saqqara.Questions16to18are basedontherecording youhave justheard.Q
16.What dowe learnfromthelecture abouttheworldsoldestpavedroadinEgyptQ.
17.What didthe researchersdiscover inthestonepitQ
18.For whatpurpose wasthe pavedroad builtRecordingTwoThe thin,extremely sharpneedles didnthurtatallgoingin.Dr.Gong piercedthem into myleftarm,around theelbow thathad beenbothering me.Other needleswere slippedintomyleft wristand,strangely,intomyright arm,and theninto bothmy closedeyelids.There wasntany discomfort,just amild warmingsensation.However,I didbegin towonder whathaddrivenmehere,totheoffice ofDrJames Gong,in NewYorks Chinatown.Then Iremembered——the torturingpain inthat leftelbow.Several tripstoahospitalandtwoexpensive,uncomfortable medicaltests hadfailed toproduce evena diagnosis.u Maybeyouleanon yourleftarm toomuch,“the doctorconcluded,suggesting Iseeabonedoctor.During thehoursspentwaitinginvaintoseeabonedoctor,I decidedtotakeanother trackand tryacupuncture.A Chinese-American friendrecommended Dr.Gong.I tookthe subwayto Gongssecond-floor officemarked with ahand-painted sign.Dr.Gong speaksEnglish,but notoften.Most ofmy questionsto himwere greetedwith afriendlylaugh,but Imanaged tolet himknowwheremy armhurt.He askedmetogo into a room,had meliedown ona bed,and wentto work.Inthenext room,I learneda womandancer wasalso gettingatreatment.As Ilay therea while,I driftedintoadream-like stateand fantasizedaboutwhatshe lookedlike.Acupuncturists todayare aslikelytobe foundon ParkAvenue ason MottStreet.In all,there areanestimated10,000acupuncturists inthe country.Nowadays,alotof medicaldoctors havelearnedacupuncture techniques,so havea numberof dentists.Reason Patientdemand.Few,though,canadequately explainhow acupunctureworks.Acupuncturists maysay thatthe bodyhas morethan800acupuncture points:A lifeforce calledQicirculates throughthe body.Points onthe skinare energeticallyconnected tospecific organs,bodystructures andsystems.Acupuncture pointsare stimulatedto balancethe circulationof Qi.“The truthis,though acupunctureis atleast2,200years old,nobody reallyknows whatshappening/says PaulZmiewski,a Ph.D.in Chinesestudies whopractices acupuncturein Philadelphia.After fivetreatments,there hasbeen dramaticimprovement inmy arm,andthepain isa fractionofwhat itwas.The mainlysilent Dr.Gong finallyeven offereda diagnosisforwhattroubled me.Pinchednerve/he said.Questions19to21are basedontherecording youhave justheard.Q
19.What doesthe speakerfind especiallystrangeQ
20.Why didthe speakergo seeDr.GongQ
21.What accountforthegrowing popularityof acupunctureintheUnited States,according tothespeakerRecording ThreeRonald andLoismarried fortwo decadesconsidered themselvesa happycouple.But inthe earlyyears of theirmarriagebothweredisturbedbypersistentarguments thatseem tofade awaywithoutever beingtrulyresolved.They uncoveredclues towardswhat wasgoing wrongby researchingafascinating subject:How birthorder affectsnotonlyyour personalitybutalsohow compatibleyou arewithyour mate.RonaldandLouis areonly children,and onliesgrowupaccustomedtobetheappleofparents/eyes.Match twoonlies andyouhavepartners whosubconsciously expecteachotherto continuefulfillingthis expectation,while neitherhas muchexperience inthe“giving end.Heres alistofcommonbirth-order characteristics—and somethoughts onthebestand worstmarital matchesfor each.The oldestchild tendstobeself-assured,responsible,ahigh-achiever andrelatively seriousandreserved.He maybe slowtomakefriends,perhaps contentwith onlyone companion.The bestmatchesare with a youngest,an onlyoramate raisedinalarge family.The worstmatch iswith anotheroldest,since thetwo willbe toosovereign toshare ahousehold comfortably.The youngestchild ofthe familythrives onattention,and tendstobeout-going,adventurous,optimistic,creative andless ambitiousthan othersinthefamily.He maylack selfdisciplineand havedifficultymaking decisionson hisown.A youngestbrother of brothers,often unpredictableand romantic,will matchbest with an oldestsister ofbrothers.The youngestsisterofbrothers isbest matched with anoldest brotherof sisters,whowill happilyindulge thesetraits.The middlechild isinfluenced bymany variables.However,“middles areless likelytotakeinitiativeand moreanxious andself-critical thanothers.Middles“often successfullymarry other“middles,sinceboth arestrong ontact,not sostrong onthe aggressivenessand tendto craveaffection.The only child isoften mostcomfortablewhenalone.But sinceanonlytendstobeawell-adjustedindividual,shell eventuallylearn torelate toany chosenspouse.The maleonlychildexpects hiswife tomakelife easierwithout gettingmuch inreturn.He issometimes bestmatched witha youngersister ofbrothers.The femaleonlychild,who tendstobeslightly moreflexible,is wellmatchedwithan olderman,who willindulge hertendency totest hislove.Her worstmatch Anotheronly,of course.Questions22to25are basedontherecording youhave justheard.Q
22.What doesthe speakersayaboutRonaldandLoises earlyyearsofmarried lifeQ
23.Whatdowe learnaboutRonaldand LoisQ
24.What doesthespeakersayabouttheoldestchild inthe familyQ
25.What doesthespeakersayabouttheonlychildrenbuilt thepyramidgotitwrong4,500years ago,but howthey gotit socloseto
32.〃We canonly speculateas tohowtheEgyptians couldhave laidout theselines withsuch33using onlythetoolstheyhad,“Dash writes.He sayshis34is thattheEgyptianslaid outtheirdesignona grid,noting thatthe greatpyramidisoriented only35away fromthecardinal directionsits north-south axisruns3minutes54seconds westof duenorth,while itseast-west axisruns3minutes51seconds northof dueeast—AchroniclesD fascinatesG momentumJ precisionM removedBcomplete Ehypothesis Hmysteriously Kpuzzled NrevelationsC establishedF maximumI perfectL remnantsO slightlySectionBan amountthats tiny,but similar/archeologist AtlasObscura pointsout.Directions:In thissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten statementsattached toit.Each statementcontains informationgiven inone ofthe paragraphs.Identify theparagraph fromwhichtheinformationis derived.You maychoose aparagraph morethanonce.Each paragraphismarked witha letter.Answer thequestions bymarking the correspondingletteronAnswerSheet
2.Peer PressureHas aPositive Side[A]Parentsofteenagersoftenviewtheirchildrensfriendswithsomethinglike suspicion.Theyworry thatthe adolescentpeergrouphasthepowertopushitsmembers intobehavior thatis foolishand evendangerous.Such warinessis wellfounded:statistics show,for example,thatateenage driverwitha same-age passengerinthecar isat higherrisk ofa fatalcrash thanan adolescentdriving aloneorwithanadult.[B]In a2023study,psychologist LaurenceSteinberg ofTemple Universityandhisco-author,psychologist MargoGardner,then atTemple,divided306people intothree agegroups:youngadolescents,withamean ageof14;older adolescents,withamean ageof19;and adults,aged24andolder.Subjects playeda computerizeddriving gamein whichthe playermust avoidcrashing intoa wallthatmaterializes,without warning,ontheroadway.Steinberg andGardner randomlyassigned someparticipantsto playalone orwith twosame-age peerslooking on.[C]Older adolescentsscored about50percent higheronanindex ofrisky drivingwhen theirpeerswere inthe room—andthedriving ofearly adolescentswas fullytwice asreckless whenotheryoung teenswere around.In contrast,adults behavedin similarways regardlessof whetherthey wereon theirownor observed by others.zzThe presenceof peersmakesadolescentsandyouth,but notadults,more likelytotakerisks/Steinberg andGardner concluded.[D]Yet inthe yearsfollowingthepublication ofthis study,Steinberg beganto believethat thisinterpretationdid notcapture thewhole picture.As heand otherresearchers examinedthe questionofwhy teensweremoreapt totakerisksinthecompany ofother teenagers,they cameto suspectthata crowdsinfluence neednot alwaysbe negative.Nowsomeexpertsareproposingthat weshould takeadvantageoftheteenbrainskeensensitivitytothepresenceoffriendsandleverageit toimproveeducation.磁共振[E]In a2023study,Steinberg andhis colleaguesturned tofunctional MRItoinvestigate howthepresenceof peersaffects theactivity intheadolescentbrain.They scannedthebrains of40teens andadults whowere playinga virtualdriving gamedesigned totest whetherplayerswould brakeatayellow lightor speedon throughthe crossroad.[F]The brainsofteenagers,but notadults,showed greateractivity intwo regions associatedwith rewardswhentheywere beingobservedbysame-age peersthanwhenalone.In otherwords,rewards aremore intensefor teenswhentheyare withpeers,which motivatesthem topursuehigher-risk experiencesthat mightbring abig payoffsuch asthe thrillof justmaking thelight beforeitturns red.But Steinbergsuspected thistendency couldalso haveits advantages.Inhislatest experiment,published onlinein August,Steinbergandhis colleaguesusedacomputerizedversion ofa cardgame calledthe Iowa Gambling Taskto investigatehowthepresenceof peers affectstheway youngpeople gatherand applyinformation.[G]The results:Teens who played theIowaGamblingTask under the eyesof fellowadolescentsengaged inmore exploratorybehavior,learned fasterfrom bothpositive andnegative outcomes,andachieved betterperformance onthe taskthan thosewhoplayedin solitude.Z/What ourstudy suggestsisthatteenagerslearnmorequicklyandmoreeffectivelywhentheirpeers arepresent thanwhentheyre ontheirown/Steinberg says.And thisfinding couldhave importantimplications forhow wethinkabout educatingadolescents.[H]Matthew D.Lieberman,a socialcognitive neuroscientist attheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,and authorofthe2023book Social:Why OurBrains AreWiredtoConnect,suspects thatthehuman brainisespeciallyadeptatlearningsociallysignificant information.He pointstoaclassic2023study inwhich psychologistsat DartmouthCollege andHarvard Universityused functionalMRI totrackbrain activityin17young menas theylistened todescriptions ofpeople whileconcentrating oneithersocially relevantcues forexample,trying toform animpression ofa personbasedonthedescription ormore sociallyneutral informationsuch asnoting theorder ofdetails inthedescription.The descriptionswere thesame ineach condition,but peoplecould betterrememberthese statementswhen givena socialmotivation.[I]The studyalso foundthat whensubjects thoughtabout andlater recalleddescriptions interms of theirinformational content,regionsassociatedwith factualmemory,such asthe medialtemporallobe,became active.But thinkingabout orremembering descriptionsin termsof theirsocialmeaning activatedthe dorsomedialprefrontal cortex—partofthebrains socialnetwork—even astraditionalmemory regionsregistered lowlevels ofactivity.More recently,as hereported ina2023review,Lieberman hasdiscoveredthatthis regionmaybepartofa distinctnetwork involvedinsocially motivated learningand memory.Such findings,he says,suggest that“this networkcan becalledontoprocess andstore thekindofinformation taughtinschool—potentially givingstudentsaccess toarangeof untappedmentalpowers//[J]If humansaregenerallygeared torecall detailsabout oneanother,this patternis probablyevenmore powerfulamong teenagerswho arevery attentivetosocialdetails:who isin,who isout,一who likeswhom,who ismad atwhom.Their desirefor socialdrama isnot——ornotonlyaway of神distracting themselvesfrom theirschoolwork orof drivingadults crazy.Itisactually aneurological经的sensitivity,initiated byhormonal changes.Evolutionarily speaking,people inthis agegroup areatastageinwhichtheycanpreparetofindamateandstarttheirown familywhile separatingfromparents andstrikingoutontheirown.To dothis successfully,their brainprompts themto thinkandeven obsessabout others.[K]Yet ourschools focusprimarily onstudents asindividual entities.What wouldhappen ifeducatorsinstead tookadvantageofthefactthat teensare powerfullycompelled tothink insocialterms InSocial,Lieberman laysout anumberofways todoso.History andEnglish couldbepresented throughthe lensofthepsychological drivesofthepeople involved.One couldthereforepresent Napoleonin termsof hisdesire toimpress orChurchill intermsofhis lonelygloom.Lessinherently interpersonalsubjects,such asmath,could acquirea socialaspect throughteam problemsolvingand peertutoring.Research showsthat whenweabsorbinformation inorder toteach ittosomeone else,we learnitmoreaccurately anddeeply,perhaps inpart becausewe areengaging oursocialcognition.[L]And althoughanxious parentsmaynotwelcome thenotion,educators couldturn adolescentrecklessnessto academicends.Risk takinginaneducational contextisavital skillthat enablesprogressand creativity/wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore,a cognitiveneuroscientistatUniversity CollegeLondon,inareview publishedlast year.Yet,she noted,many youngpeople areespecially unwillingtotake risksat school—afraid thatone lowtest scoreor poorgrade couldcost thema spotataselectiveuniversity.We shouldassure suchstudentsthatrisk,andevenpeer pressure,canbeagoodthing—aslong asithappensinthe classroomandnotinthecar.
36.Itisthought probablethatthehumanbrainisparticularlygoodatpicking upsociallyimportant information.
37.Itcanbeconcludedfromexperimentsthatthepresenceofpeersincreasesrisk-taking byadolescentsandyouth.
38.Students shouldbe toldthatrisk-takingintheclassroomcanbesomething positive.
39.The urgeof findingamateand gettingmarried accountsfor adolescents“greater attentiontosocial interactions.
40.According toSteinberg,thepresenceofpeersincreases thespeed andeffectiveness ofteenagers^learning.
41.Teenagers parentsare oftenconcerned aboutnegative peerinfluence.
42.Activating thebrainssocialnetwork involvedin sociallymotivatedlearningandmemorymayallow studentsto tapunused mentalpowers.
43.Thepresenceofpeersintensifiesthefeelingofrewards inteens brains.
44.When weabsorbinformationforthepurposeofimpartingittoothers,wedosowithgreateraccuracy anddepth.Section
45.Some expertsare suggestingthatweturn peerinfluence togood useineducation.CDirections:There are2passages inthissection.Each passageis followedby somequestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themthere arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C andD.You shoulddecideonthebest choiceand markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingle linethroughthecentre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are basedonthefollowing passage.The EbroDelta,inSpain,famous asa battlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,is nowthesetting foradifferentcontest,one thatis pittingrice farmersagainst twoenemies:therice-eatinggiant applesnail,and risingsea levels.What happenshere willhaveabearingonthefutureofEuropean riceproduction andthe overallhealth ofsouthern Europeanwetlands.Located onthe Mediterraneanjust twohours southof Barcelona,the EbroDelta produces120million kilogramsof ricea year,making itone ofthe continentsmost importantricegrowingareas.As（盐分）the seacreeps intothese fresh-water marshes,however,rising salinityishampering riceproduction.At thesame time,this sea-water alsokills offthe greedygiantapplesnail,an introducedpestthatfeedsonyoungrice plants.The mostpromising strategyhas becometo harnessone foeagainst theother.The battleis currentlybeing wagedon land,in greenhousesattheUniversityofBarcelona.Scientists workingunderthebanner ProjectNeurice areseekingvarietiesof ricethatcanwithstandthe increasingsalinitywithoutlosingtheabsorbencythatmakesEuropeanriceidealfor traditionalSpanishand Italiandishes.“The projecthas twosides/says XavierSerrat,Neurice projectmanager andresearcher attheUniversity ofBarcelona,/zthe short-term fightagainstthesnail,andamid-to long-term fightagainstclimate change.But thesnail hasgiven theproject greaterurgency//Originally fromSouth America,the snailswere accidentallyintroducedintothe EbroDelta by水族馆），Global AquaticTechnologies,acompanythat raisedthesnailsfor fresh-water aquariumsbutfailed toprevent theirescape.For now,thegiantapple snailspresence inEurope islimited totheEbro Delta.But thesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,says Serrat.zzThe questionis notwhetheritwillreach otherrice-growing areasofEurope,but when.”Over thenext yearandahalf investigatorswill testthevariousstrains ofsalt-tolerant ricetheyvebred.In2023,farmers willplant thevarieties withthemostpromise inthe EbroDelta andEuropesother twomain rice-growing regions-along thePo inItaly,and FrancesRhone.A seasoninthefieldwill helpdetermine which,if any,ofthevarieties areready forcommercialization.As anEU-funded effort,the searchfor salt-tolerant varietiesofriceis takingplace inall three。
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