中考英语阅读技巧之七快速浏览文章+精确抓准题眼

模块快速浏览文章精确抓准题眼7技巧点拨|所谓“题眼”有两个意思首先指题目的题眼，也就是一道题中关键的词句（条件），只有抓住了题目中关键的词句（条件），才能正确的理解题目的含义，从而找出解题的思路和方法另外，题眼也可指文章的题眼，即文章中可能出题的地方本模块主要针对后者进行讲解与训练阅读理解文章的题眼一般出现在以下几个方面长难句、带有从句的句子（特别是定语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句）、双重否定、部分否定、各类比较句（如more than,less than,rather than,otherthan,not so…as…等等）、表示因果、条件关系的句子、表示似乎、好像、可能的词、一些重要的信号词（如:but,however,nevertheless,though等等）、列举的几个事实、固定搭配（主要是动词词组、形容词词组以及这些词的词类变化后的搭配）等快速浏览文章，精确抓准题眼，可以高效答题与解题其操作过程如下最左面框中内容为“题眼阅读”流程阅读文章的标题、副标题、小标题、图片，了解文章的大致浏览文章，了解文意内容和结构，这会非常有助于正确答题敏察题眼，准备答题阅读文章时,对可能出题的词汇、句子和结构要敏感,通过感觉和观察，发现题眼，加深印象,提高关注程度与理解深度一定要标记出可能出题的题眼，以便答题时查阅题目中的动词、介词短语、数量短语、专有名词、大写字母阅读题目，记住关键词缩写、斜体字、带引号的词、相对比较少见的名词等都是关键词，可以有效地起定位作用第4框内容为题眼对照，快速答题最后一栏为根据题目的题眼，找到文中与之呼应的题眼，快速直接或间接确定答案讲透一题【典例1]（2011江苏连云港）A passengertold anair hostessthat heneeded a cup of water|to takehis medicinewhen the planejust tookoff.|She toldhim that she wouldbring him the waterin tenminutes.The air hostess waskept sobusy thatshe forgotto givehim thewateij.As aresult,the passengerwasheld up（延误）to takehis medicine.[Thirty minuteslatei],when the passengers ring因此B项为争取答案Passage2【词汇积累】reward n.奖赏，回报get together聚到一起begin with...以开始leave out不包括，冷落pass on传递，传承【解析】“一日国王与王后”一一这是我们家庭每年一次的野餐聚会给予桌主的奖赏聚会开始于有13个孩子的外祖父母，妈妈是他们的第三个孩子；而我又是妈妈10个孩子中的老三我们聚餐在湖边公园，每家都带来了充足的食物；我们会特别关爱需要帮助的成员，因为爱永远在我们心中

3.A细节理解题根据第二段第一句I remembermy familygetting togetheronce ayear.”和最后——段第四句They passedonour tradition—to havea picnicby the lake everyyear.”可知，作者的大家庭每年一次在湖边野餐故选A

4.C写作意图题浏览文章我们会发现family、members、getting together、picnic”、“love”等字眼贯彻全文，它们就是文章的题眼作者主要想通过回忆与叙述自己的大家庭每年一次野餐聚会的情景来表现其家庭成员之间真挚的爱尤其文章最后一句Love is always atour heart!”更是点睛之笔，直抒胸臆故正确答案为CPassage3【词汇积累】actively adv.积极地donate v.捐赠wear out用坏，穿坏saves energy节约能源【解析】Jonathan Wong教授积极参与低碳生活项目，他告诉我们如何通过关注自己的穿衣、吃板与其他生活方式来真正实现生活低碳化

5.C主旨大意题浏览全文可知，文章首段特别是第二句“Here,he tellsus abouthow wecould lead a low-carbon life（低碳生活）by payingattention tohow we dress,eat andlive.”提出全文的主旨大意如何通过注意我们的穿衣、吃饭与生活过低碳生活后面三段分别从三个方面具体介绍最后一段再次呼吁人人关爱地球所以C为正确答案

1.B段落大意题细读第二段可知，Jonathan Wong教授提倡简朴着装，不介意衣服穿10年以上，只要还能穿，会捐出去；若是衣服真正坏得无法穿时，会用作擦地板的抹布所以这里他是用自己的着装方式来教大家如何过低碳生活故选BD项错在“out”一词Passage4【词汇积累】seldom adv.很少decorate v.装饰，装修economic adj.经济的generation n.代，辈【解析】如今人们很少写信了，但是他们还仍旧寄节日卡随着经济危机的来临，寄贺卡的人数有所减少，年青一代似乎更喜欢便宜、快捷的电子卡，但事实并非如此研究者们认为传统贺卡作为一门艺术有其独特意义，不会消失

7.D推理判断题根据第四段第二句It wouldseem that they wouldprefer cheaper and fastere-cards totraditional cards.”可知，电子贺卡更便宜、更快捷，据此可以推断传统贺卡更昂贵、更慢

8.D细节理解题由第四段倒数第

二、三句Because aholiday card is amore special,morepersonal way to communicate than an e-mail.Unlike mostother letters,holiday cardsare worksof art.可知，（传统的）节日贺卡更特别、更个性、更具有艺术性，所以它们仍旧占据了大部分贺卡市场

9.C细节理解题根据第四段第

二、三句aIt wouldseem that they wouldprefer cheaperand fastere-cards totraditional cards.In fact,they dont.”可知，似乎年青一代更喜欢便宜的、快捷的电子贺卡而不是传统贺卡，但是实际上并非如此故C项与原文不一致，是正确答案

10.B推理判断题由最后一段第一句Researcher Pamila Danziger saidshe doesntthink cardsare adying art.n可知，研究者Pamila Danziger认为传统贺卡不会成为将要消失的艺术因此B项正确

11.D主旨大意题文章第

一、二段提出今天的人们很少写信但仍然寄节日贺卡第三段告诉读者，因经济危机，贺卡数量有所下降第四段讲述的是虽然电子贺卡更方便、便宜,大多数人仍旧偏爱传统贺卡飞最后一段告诉读者研究者们认为传统贺卡作为一门艺术，不会消失可以说全文仅仅围绕美国人（在第三段第二句出现American一词）寄节日贺卡这一习俗展开说明，故D项为正确答案for servicesounded,she hurriedover to him with acupofwater,|but herefused.In the|foHowing hours|on theplane,|each timethe air hostess passedby the passenger,she wouldask himwith asmilewhether heneeded helpor not.But the passenger neveranswered aword.When hewas goingto getoff theplane/the passengerasked the airhostessto[hand himthe passengersbooklet」She wasverysad.She knewthat he would writedown sharpwordsj butwith asmile shehanded丑tohim.Off theplane]she openedthe booklet,and|smiled|,for thepassenger putit.On theflight,you askedme whetherIneeded helpor notfor twelvetimes in all.|How caeI refuseyour twelvesincere smiles”Thafs right!Who canrefuse twelvesincere smilesfrom aperson

31.Ten minuteslater,thepassengerdidnt getthe water,because.A.theplanedidnt takeoffB.the airhostess waskept busyand forgotitC.ifs notallowed totake medicineduring theflightD.there wasntenough wateron theplane

32.The underlined word it”in Paragraph4refers tothe.A.medicine B.water C.cup D.booklet

33.At theend of the story,we knowthepassengerwas withtheairhostess.A.satisfied B.unhappy C.angry D.bored最左框内容为“题眼阅读”制胜千里这篇记叙文按时间顺序为线索，记述了一位空处12次真诚的微笑感动一位浏览文章，了解文意乘客的故事前几段为事，最后一段为“点睛”段落以“时间顺序”为线索的文章中，不同的时间都是题眼；敏察题眼，准备答题标较深的印象.本文出现从句的句子也为题眼；“but”这彳读完文章，开始=号词两次出现，也是本文的题眼俯颈对仝在有阅读题目，记住关键词31题Ten minuteslater didntget、water becai32题underlinedword“it”inParagraph433题At theend of the story,passenger,with,host第4框内容为题眼对照，快速答题最后一栏为根据31题的题眼“Ten minuteslater”，找到文中第二段第一句，便可快速锁定答案B根据32题的题眼找到第四段划线词“it”，然后向前找它所代替的名词，就可以找到“booklet”这个答案根据33题的题眼知道要判断乘客最后对空姐的感受，由倒数第二段最后一句可知，乘客被感动了，对空姐的真诚服务很满意【答案解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位空姐与一个乘客之间的故事因工作太忙那位空姐忘记了给乘客倒水，而她后面给他倒水却被他拒绝在接下来的几个小时里，空姐每次经过那位乘客都微笑问他是否需要帮助最后她用十二次真诚的微笑终于感动了那位乘客

31.B细节理解题由第二段第一句The airhostess waskept sobusy thatshe forgotto givehim thewater.”可知，由于太忙，空姐忘记了给他倒水故选B

32.D词义猜测题由第四段第一句”...thepassengerasked theairhostessto handhimthepassengers9booklet.”可知，乘客请空姐把乘客留意册递给他

33.A推理判断题从第五段最后一句How canI refuseyour twelvesincere smiles”可知，乘客说，他无法拒绝空姐的十二次真诚的微笑这表明，乘客最后对空姐感到很满意故选Ao【小小窍门】i.题干中的关键词基本上都位于句子的重心位置，多为谓语部分常见考点词的类型有反义词（多为形容词和副词），数字数量词，绝对词，比较词等

2.正确的读题方法是读2-3道题目一起读，这样既不至于遗忘，又能保证正确考生可以从一道相对比较容易解答的题目着手，再根据顺序原则找到相邻的题极速体验【典例2]（2011广西百色）News1Yuan Longping,the fatherof hybrid rice,won theWorld FoodPrize onMonday.Yuan developedtheworlds first popular and widely knownhybridrice.Hybrid riceplants canmake more rice thanregularones.News2Have youever gotangry atbooks thatare fullof mistakesDont worry,things willget bettersoon.|Last week,China startedchecking textbooks,dictionaries andchildrens booksall overthe country,[Thegovernment saidthe resultsof thecheck wouldcome outat theend ofJune.News3People willsee anew“star”in thesky soon」China plansto senda satelliteinto space by December2006」It willstay inspace forone year.It willgo aroundthe moonand takepictures.It mustbe veryexpensive,right Thatsfor sure;

1.4billion yuanlNews4Have youever thoughtof beingable tofly aroundthe worldin afew hoursOne day,maybe youcan」Last Saturday,Che AmericanX-43A airplanemade itsfirst flight.M reacheda speedof8,000kilometers perhour.This makesit|the fastest plane inthn world」X-43A isonly threeto fourmeters long,but itsvery heavy.It weighs1,270kilograms.

51.The satellitesent byChina willmove around.A.the moonB.the earthC.the sunD.the mars

52.The speedofthe fastestplane in the world is.A.

1.4kilometers persecond B.43kilometers perminuteC.1,270kilometers perhour D.8,000kilometers perhour

53.The checkingof textbooks,dictionaries andchildrens bookswill.A.make a lot ofmoneyB.make thechildren sadC.make surethere areno mistakesin themD.make surethe booksare not too expensive

54.Which ofthe followingstatements aboutthe newstar is NOT trueA.It willgo aroundthe moon.B.It willstay inspace fortwo years.C.It costsalot.D.It willgo intospacebyDecember

2006.

55.Yuan Longpingwon theWorld FoodPrize because.A.he likesto eathybrid riceB.he is a successfulfatherC.he growsmorericethan othersD.he developedthe worldsfirstpopularandwidelygrown hybridrice最左框内容为“题眼阅读”制胜千里第4框内容为题眼对照，快速答题最后一栏为根据51题的题眼，找到文中第三则新闻第四句，便可快速锁定答案A根据52题的题眼找到第四则新闻，由第四句可知答案为Do根据53题的题眼可知答案在第二则新闻中根据54题的题眼可知要到第三则新闻中找答案根据55题的题眼可知本题涉及第一则新闻的内容【答案解析】本文涉及四篇新闻报道新闻1介绍了杂交水稻之父袁隆平获得世界食物奖；新闻2报道了中国将对全国的课本、字典、儿童用书进行检查；新闻3介绍了中国将向太空发射一颗卫星；新闻4报道了世界上最快的飞机的速度、大小和重量

51.A细节理解题由第三则新闻第四句It willgo aroundthe moonand takepictures.可知，这颗人造卫星将绕月飞行，故选择A项

52.D细节理解题由第四则新闻第

四、五句It reacheda speedof8000kilometers onehour.This makesitthefastestplanein theworld”可知，世界上最快的飞机达到了每小时8000公里的速度故选D

53.C推理判断题由第二则新闻第

一、二句Have youever gotangry atbooks thatare fullof mistakesDontworry,things willget bettersoon.”可知，通过检查整顿，书籍中错误百出的现象将会有所改观，也就是会保证书中没有错误，故C为正确答案

54.B细节理解题由第三则新闻第三句It willstay inspace forone year.”可知,这颗卫星将在太空待一年故选B

55.D细节理解题由第一则新闻的第

一、二句可知，袁隆平因为培养出了世界上最受欢迎的、最广为种植的杂交水稻而获得世界食物奖举一反三Passage1题材体裁难度字数题数阅读时间正确率★★★患肿瘤的女孩记叙文19725分钟http:〃Kelsey wasdiagnosed（诊断）in September2010with a brain tumour（脑瘤）when shewas11yearsold.Till now,she hashad operationson herbrain for3times andis justabout tofinish6months ofchemotherapy（化疗）.She isvery luckyas alltreatments（治疗）have sofar beensuccessful.The surgeryin October2010caused her left sideto becomeparalyzed（瘫痪）.However,she isgetting betterand canfeel onherleftside.In June2010Kelsey took part ina walk-a-thon（步行马拉松）at herschool to raise money for the RonaldMcDonald House.Kelsey raisedthe mostmoney at herschool.This summer,the Ronald McDonald Househeld awalk-a-thon andKelsey tookpart in it again,even whilesuffering through chemotherapy.It madeus soproud thatKelseycontinued tothink ofother children and theirfamilieseven whileshe isntfeeling verywell.So far,Kelsey hasraised$10,000for the RonaldMcDonald House andwe hopethatshewill raisemorein thefuture walk-a-thon.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案

1.Kelsey wasdiagnosed withabrain tumour.A.attheage of10B.in September2010C.in June2010D.inOctober

20102.How manytimes hasKelsey takenpart ina walk-a-thonA.Once.B.Twice.C.Never.D.Three times.题材体裁难度字数题数阅读时间正确率★★★家庭野餐记叙文22526分钟http:〃“King andQueen fbra Day.This isthe rewardgiven totheheads ofthe tableeach year,at ourfamilyhomecoming（同家）picnic atthelake.I remembermy familygetting togetheronce ayear.It beganwithtwo andthey hadthirteen children.My motherwas thirdoftheir thirteenchildrenandI washer thirdchild ofthe ten.When wegot together,we neededa verylarge place.The twohundred andtwenty acre（英亩）lake parkwas thewonderful placefor useach year.Every familybrought enoughfor theirfamilyand oneother person.This madesure noone wasleft outor wentaway hungry.We piledthe tableswith foodand tea.Sometimes ifone ofthe familywas inneed orsomeone wasoutof ajob,hewouldtake homemore thanenough foodfor thefamily toeat onfor aweek.Now mydaughter isenjoying herselfatthe picnic withher familyby thelake.Members ofthesame twopeople lovedand raiseda family.They taughtchildren whatlove was.They passedon ourtradition——to havea picnicby thelake everyyear.Some familymoved awaybut manystillreturn tojoin in thepicnic.Love isalways atour heart!阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案

3.How oftendoes the writers familyget togetherA.Once ayear.B.Once amonth C.Once aweek.D.Once aday.

4.What doesthewritermainly wantto tellusA.She hasa bigfamily.B.The parkisagood placeto havea picnic.C.The familymembers loveeach other.D.Her familywas poorwhen shewas young.Passage3题材体裁难度字数题数阅读时间正确率★★★★低碳生活说明文21626分钟http://blog,epa.gov/blog/2009/10/Dick-5-save-electricity/Professor JonathanWong ofthe Departmentof Biologyactively takespart inlow-carbon livingprojects.Here,he tellsus abouthow wecould leada low-carbon life（低碳生活）by payingattentionto howwedress,eat andlive.♦Wear outIprefer simpleclothing andbuy new clothes onlywhen Ireallyneed them.I don,t mindusing thesame clothes formore than10years.My familymembers neverthrow theirclothesinthetrash,instead,we donatethem.If theclothesare reallyworn out,we cutthem intopieces anduse themascleaning rags（抹布）for thefloor.♦Simple eatinghabitsMy familyeats morevegetables andless meat.I oftentell mychildrennottoeat junkfood.Our cookingstyle is mainlysteaming orboiling（蒸或煮）as thisis healthierand savesenergy.♦Live onless energyIalso payattention tothe useof electricity.My familymembers are already inthe habitof turningofflights whenleaving aroom.When wetake abath,we willset thewater temperatureto around40℃.Allthese thingsare goodfor savingenergy.We hopethat everyonecan reallyplay apart insaving theEarth.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案

5.The passageismainlyabout.A.how tosave electricityB.a childslow-carbon lifeC.how toleada low-carbon lifeD.the importanceof eatingvegetables

6.What isthe secondparagraph mainlyaboutA.We shouldntbuy anynewclothes.B.We shoulddress inalow-carbon life.C.We shouldwear ourclothesforten years.D.We shouldwear ourclothes outinalow-carbon life.Passage4题材体裁难度字数题数阅读时间正确率★★★节日贺卡说明文26057分钟http:〃People seldomwrite lettersthese days,right Butthey stillsend holiday cards.Each yearfamilies decoratetheir livingrooms withthe cards.The family photos,tiny paperChristmastrees and“Seasons Greetings^^fill mailboxesthroughout December.But withthe economiccrisis（危机），fewer peoplecan affordto buycards.Its saidthat Americanpeoplewill sendabout

1.5billion（十彳乙）Christmas cardsthis year.In2009,that numberwas

1.9billion.Todays youngergeneration keepsin touchwith friendsand relativesthrough Facebookand Twitter.It wouldseem thatthey wouldprefer cheaperand fastere-cards totraditional cards.In fact,they dont.Research groupMintel foundthat e-cards makeup lessthan1percent ofthe greeting card market.Thehand-written holidaycardisstill goingstrong,although thereis competitionfrom theInternet.WhyBecause aholidaycardisamore special,more personalwaytocommunicatethanane-maiL Unlikemostother letters,holiday cardsare worksof art.People putthem onthe refrigerator（冰箱），Christmastree orwall.Researcher PamilaDanziger saidshe doesntthink cardsare adying art.There mayvery wellbepeople whohave givenup Christmascards andwho arereturning Jsaid Danziger.I thinkits justachallenge tothe virtual（虚拟的）world.You mayhave600friends onFacebook,but reallyonly30ofthem meananything toyou.So,give greeting cards sometime torecover;they9reaholiday traditionthatwont die.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案

7.Compared withe-cards,traditional cardsare.A.cheaper butslower B.cheaperandfasterC.more expensivebut fasterD.more expensiveand slower

8.Traditional cardsstill makeup alarge partofthegreetingcardmarket forthe followingreasonsEXCEPT.A・theyre morespecial B.they9re morepersonalC.theyre worksof artD.they9re moreconvenient

9.Which ofthe followingisNOTtrueA.Some peoplesend friendsfamilyphotoson Christmas.B.Cards areoften usedas livingroom decorations.C.The youngergeneration preferse-cards totraditional cards.D.American peoplesent morecards in2009than thisyear.

10.PamilaDanzigermainly wantsto tellpeople.A.friends onlineare notreal friendsB.holiday cardswill notdisappearC.greetingcardsare aholiday traditionD.some peoplehave givenup Christmascards

11.What isthe mainidea ofthe passageA.How tochoose cardsfor holidays.B.What kindof cardsto sendfor holidays.C.Using cardsto decorateour livingrooms.D.The holidaytradition ofsending cardsintheUS.参考答案Passage1【词汇积累】surgery n.外科手术future adj.未来的till now到目前为止raise money筹钱【解析】虽然Kelsey不幸患上脑瘤，她却并没有放弃生活，而是选择了坚强面对在与病魔抗争的同时，她还尽自己所能帮助别人她的精神值得我们学习

1.B细节理解题根据第一段第一句uKelsey wasdiagnosed inSeptember2010withabraintumour（脑瘤）when shewas11years old.”可知，Kelsey于2010年9月被诊断患有脑瘤，那时她11岁故选B

2.B细节理解题由第二段第一句In June2010Kelsey tookpart ina walk-a-thon（步行马拉松）atherschooltoraisemoneyfortheRonaldMcDonald House.”可知，Kelsey曾于2010年在学校参加了一次步行马拉松赛；又根据第三段第一句This summer,theRonaldMcDonaldHouseheld awalk-a-thonand Kelseytookpartinitagain,even whilesufferingthroughchemotherapy.”可知，今年夏天，虽然遭受了化疗，Kelsey仍旧又一次参加了步行马拉松赛。