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小学英语知识点汇总目录第一章词汇分类集中复习2第二章常用短语汇总5第一节动词短语5第二节介词短语6第三节特殊疑问词7第四节缩写词7第五节时间词和短语7第六节常见介词8第七节时间介词、、的用法at on in8第三章日常用语8第一节小学生口语句1008第二节英语日常用语9第三节日常用语分类12第四章主要问句汇总14第五章常用词性17第一节名词17第二节冠词22第三节介词27第六章常见介词(连接词)的用法32第一节系动词的用法Be32第二节的作用Do33第三节介词的用法for34第四节的用法With34第五节与的用法Some any
3542.Maybe hesin the teachers5office.
1.Hello!/Hi!你好!可能他在老师办公室早晨(下午用
2.Good morning/afternoon/evening!
43.Were about the sameage,I think.免卜.)好!我想我们大概年龄相仿
3.Fm KathyKing.我是凯西・金
44.Yes,you9re right.是的,你是对的
4.Are youPeterSmith你是彼得・史密斯吗?你错了
45.Youre wrong.让我看一看我非常喜欢…
68.Let mehave alook,please.
1.11like...very much.今天我们来做个游戏
69.Lefs playa gametoday.我喜欢在那儿画画
1.21like todraw pictures there.现在请听我说
70.Now listen to me,please.我也是
48.Me too.你
71.Can youlook after my bagand clothes,please我能帮你吗?
49.Can Ihelp you能帮我照看一下我的书包和衣服吗?
50.Yes,a dressfor mydaughter.好的
72.Yes./All right./OK./Sure.是的,给我女儿买条裙子看他的外套
73.Look athis coat.
51.What do you want,a dressor askirt我们现在可以走了吗?
74.Shall wego now你想要买什么?连衣裙还是短裙?让我们去学校吧
75.Let,s go to school.这条蓝色的如何?
52.How aboutthe blueone好的,走吧
76.Yes,lefs.多少钱?
53.How muchis it().让我们来摘些(红)五十九元
77.Lets get some redflowers
54.Fifty-nine yuan.花
55.Excuse me,wheres the cinema.请不要
78.Please dont请问,电影院在哪?别关电视
79.Don^turn offthe TV.
56.Where9s the teachers9office,please很好老师办公室在哪?
80.Very good.请问,
57.Excuse me,how canI get to the post office
81.Great!/That9s great.太好了/棒极了怎么走才能到达邮局?
82.Hownice!多漂亮啊!你能
58.Can youshow methe wayto thebank,please多美啊!
83.How beautiful!告诉我去银行的路怎么走吗?它真可爱
84.TVs lovely.
59.Ifs over there,near theBank of China.哦,天啊!
85.Oh,dear!就在那儿,中国银行的旁边对不起,请再说一遍
86.Pardon请这边走
60.This way,please.
87.Excuse me,would you please tell me...对不
61.Sorry,I dont know.You maygo and ask him.对不起,你能告诉我…?起,我不知道你可以去问他你能看见什么?
88.What can you see几点了
62.Whats thetime球在哪儿?
89.Where arethe balls
63.Excuse me,whafs thetime,please
90.Look,theyre betweenthe bags.请问,几点了?看,它们在书包中间
64.Its timeto get up/go to school...墙上的那是什么?
91.Whafs that on thewall到了起床/去学校的时候了是我们家的全家福
92.Its aphoto of my family.到了(做)…的时候了
65.Ifs time for...
93.There aresome toyboats on the desk.
66.Look at the blackboard,please.请看黑板桌上有些玩具船
67.Go andget him.去把他找来
94.Please giveit to me.请把它给我他们是谁?
95.Who are they第二节他们的名字是…
96.Their names are...
(一)问候语Greetings
97.Whafs yourtelephone number你的电话号码是什么?请在离开前将论文交上我们打电话给她好吗?
98.Shall wecall her
(三)辨别物品Identifying Objects他是个多么聪明的孩子
99.What aclever boyhe is!这是什么?
31.Whafs this啊!是支笔
32.Its apen.
100.How beautifulthe girlsare!这些女孩多漂亮啊!这是你的手提包吗?英语日常用语
33.Is this your handbag不,它不是/是的,它是
34.No,it isnt/Yes,it is.是,我是/不,我不是
5.Yes,I am./No,Pm not.这是谁的笔?
35.Whose penis this你好吗?
6.How are you是凯特的
36.Its Kates.很好,谢谢,你呢?
7.Fine,thanks.And you那是一辆小汽车吗?
37.Is that a car我也很好
8.Tm fine,too.不,那是一辆公共汽车
38.No,it isnt.Its a bus.
9.How is Amy/your wife/your husband爱米好吗?/你妻子好吗?/你丈夫好吗?
39.What do you callthis in English这个用英语怎么说?她很好,谢谢
10.She is very well,thank you.晚安,简
40.What is the colorof yournew book
11.Good night,Jane.你的新书是什么颜色的?再见,迈克
12.Good-bye,Mike.你的房子有多大?明天见
41.How bigis yourhouse
13.See youtomorrow.这条街有多长?待会儿见
42.How longis thestreet
14.See youlater.
1.11have to go now.我必须走了
43.Whats thename of the cat这猫叫什么名字?
(二)Expression InClass课堂用语
44.Wheres thecompany那个公司在哪儿?
16.May1come in我能进来吗
45.Which is the rightsize哪个尺码是对的?请进
(四)关于所有物
17.Come in,please.About Belongings
18.Sit down,please.请坐
46.Whafs this这是什么?
19.Its time for class.上课时间到了
47.Its an air-conditioner.这是空调
20.Open yourbooks and turn topage
20.这是你的吗?
48.Is this yours打开书,翻到第页20是的,是我的
49.Yes,its mine.课前我要点名
21.PH callthe rollbefore class.我的眼镜在哪儿?
50.Where aremy glasses至
22.Here!U!
51.Do youknow whereIve putmy glasses
23.Has everybodygot asheet你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗?每个人都拿到材料了吗?在那边
52.Over there.有不同意见吗?
24.Any differentopinion在桌上
53.On the desk.你们跟上我讲的了吗?
25.Are youwith me
54.Is thisyour penI foundit under the desk.我讲明白了吗?
26.Have I made myselfclear这是你的笔吗?我在桌下捡的你能再说一遍吗?
27.Could you say itagain不是我的是蓝的
55.No.Mine is blue.有什么问题吗?
28.Any questions哪个是你的包?
56.Which isyour bag今天就讲到这里
29.Thats allfor today.大些的那个
57.The biggerone.
30.Please turnin yourpaper beforeleaving.你右边的那个
58.The oneon yourright.
59.Are thesebooks allyours这是汤姆我的同学这些书全是你的吗?很高兴认识你
87.Nice to meet you.
60.Some of them aremine.一部分是我的
88.Nice tomeet you,too.认识你我也很高兴
(五)辨别身份让我自我介绍一下Identifying People
89.Let me introduce myself.
61.Who are you你是谁
90.How do you do你好!
62.Tm Jim,我是吉姆
(七)Year,Month AndDay年、月、日今天星期几?那边那个人是谁?
91.What day is ittoday
63.Who is the guyoverthere今天是星期一他是鲍勃
92.Its Mondaytoday.
64.HdsBob.今天是几号?那个女孩是学生吗?
93.Whats the date today
65.Is thatgirl a student今天是年月不,她不是
94.Its Januaiythe15th,
1999.
199911566.No,she isnt.日你是做什么的?
67.What do you do现在是几月
95.What monthis this我是个农民
68.Tm afarmer.现在是十二月
96.Its December.他是干什么的?
69.What doeshe do今年是哪一年?
97.What yearis this他是个经理
70.He*sa manager.今年是年
98.Ifs theyear of
1999.
199971.She mustbe amodel,isnt
99.What willyou doduring thisweekend她一定是个模特,不是吗?这周末你干什么?我真不知道
1..1really dont known.
100.Does theshop openat9am onweekdays我一点都不知道
2..1have noidea aboutit.这家店平日是早上点开门吗?9她可能是个司机吗?
74.Can shebe a driver
101.It opensat8am onweekdays,but at9at是的,我认为是
75.Yes,I thinkso.weekends.
(六)关于介绍平日上午点开,但周末点开About Introduction
8976.Whats your name你叫什么名字?
102.What willyou do the dayafter onnext能告诉我你的名字吗?后天你干什么?
77.May I have yourname
78.My name is Thomas.我叫汤姆斯
103.What did you do the weekbefore last就叫我汤姆吧上上星期你干了什么?
79.Just callme Tom.
80.What*syour family name你姓什么?
104.Til workfor the next5days.
81.My familyname isAyneswonth.我姓安尼思华斯我要工作5天(从明天算起)怎么拼?
105.Its been5years sinceI lastsaw you.
82.How do you spell it我已年没见你了
83.Who is the ladyin white5穿白衣服的那位小姐是谁?
(八)谈论事物Talking AboutObjects
84.Could youintroduce meto her
106.Do you have a computer你有计算机吗?你能把我介绍给她吗?是的,我有
107.Yes,I do.
85.Rose,let meintroduce my friend to you.他有那本书,是吗?
108.He hasthat book,doesnt he罗斯,让我介绍一下我的朋友不,他没有
109.No,he doesnt.
86.This isTom.Hes myclassmate.
110.Do you have anybrothers orsisters你有兄弟或姐妹吗?问候、打招呼及回应
1.没有,我是独生子Good morning!
111.No,Em asingle son.Hello!
112.Does yourcomputer have a modem介绍
2.你的电脑有调制解调器吗?Im Mike.这儿有香波卖吗?
113.Do you have shampoohere.问某物是什么及回答
3114.What a beautiful gardenyou have!What is this/that/it你的花园真漂亮What are these
115.Any ticketsleft有剩票吗?
4.问某人姓名及回答(问语)Whats yournameAsk.问物或人在哪儿及回答5Hello.Whats yournameThis isSally.Where is the pen(答语)How do you doAnswerHow are youMy name is ChenJie./Fm ChenJie.Nice tomeet you.How do you do,Sally.See youtomorrow.How doyou doWould you like something todrinkIm fine,thanks.And you/Tm OK.May I come inNice tomeet you,too.Hello,may Ispeak toTomSee you.Help yourselfto somefish.Yes,rd like some coffee.Happy birthday,Dad.Come in,please.Happy New Year!Speaking.Whos callingDont read in the sun.Thank you.Would you like to go shopping with meThank you.Shall wego fishingHappyNewYear!/The sameto you!Thank youvery much.All right.Thank you.Can Ihelp youYes,Td loveto./Id loveto.But Imbusy now.May I have somecokeAll right./OK./Good idea.Could you help meYoure welcome./Not at all.Why dontyou cometo teaYes,please./No,thanks.Please sayhello toyour fatherfor me.Yes,of course./Sure,here you are.Good luck.Sure,/Yes,of course.Im sorry.Its a good idea.May Iuse yourbikeI will,thank you.Lets go to schooltogether.Thank you.How doyousaythat in English第三节日常用语分类Thats allright./It doesntmatter.How doesshe go to workYes,please..问某人正在做什么及回答14OK./Great./Good idear.What are you doingIts a picture.What are they doing表示请求
15.Good morning!Can I have some waterHello!.问能力及回答16Can yourun fastThis is Jack.Can heswim.问某人要去哪里及回答17Where are youIt is a duck.goingThey arepictures.提供、请求帮助
18.Let mehelp you.My nameis Mike.Can Ihelp youCan youhelp meIts on the desk..问打算做某事及回答19Where is heHe isunder thetree..问年龄6How oldare youIm ten.How oldis sheShesfive..问数量及回答7How manydesks are thereThere aresix..问颜色及回答8What colouris itIts green.说有
9.Have you got arulerYes,I have./No,I havent.Has shegot adressYes,she has./No,she hasnt.喜欢与不喜欢
10.I likemilk.I dont like coffee.He likessinging.He doesnt like dancing.Do you like cookingYes,I do./No,I dont.Whats your favourite colourMy favourite colouris yellow.问时间及回答
11.What time is itItshalf pastseven,What day is ittoday ItsTuesday.What is thedatetodayIts June7th..问某地有什么12Whats in the bagThere is a book,two pens,and aruler..问乘坐的交通工具及回答13How doyouI go to school by bus.go to schoolShe goes to work by bike.I amwatching TV.They are playing games.Yes,of course.Yes,I can./No,I cant.Yes,he can./No,he cant.I am going to go to school.Yes,please./No,thanks.Yes,of course.What are you going to do
25.文明、规范What ishe/she going to doYou shouldlook,then crossthe road.I am going to....问某时做什么
20.He is going to....What doyou often do on SundayWhat doeshe usuallydo at the weekendI often play basketball with my friends..问路21He usuallygoes swimming.Excuse me.Where*sthe park,please感情
22.Go straighton.Turn right.How doyou feel.购物23I feelhappy sad.How manypears doyou wantHow much ricedoyou wantTwo kilos.How muchis itTen kilos.询问物主
24.It is two pounds.Whose shirtis thisWhoseis thisshirtIts Limings.第四章主要问句汇总
一、询问姓名、年龄—我叫一一他叫什么名字?
1.——What syourname—他叫……——My nameis.
2.——What shis name--她叫什么名字?——His nameis.----她叫……
3.——What sher name―一你几岁了?——Her nameis.----我十二岁
4.——How oldare you--r m
12.--它是什么颜色的?
二、询问颜色-—黄白相间
1.——What colouris it--它们是什么颜色的?——It syellow andwhite.--绿色的
2.——What colourarethey——They regreen..---你可以看见几只风筝?
三、询问数量或价钱--我可以看见十二只风筝
1.——How manykites can you see--你有多少支彩笔?——I can see
12.
2.——How manycrayons doyou have--我有十六支---你家有几口人?
3.——How manypeople are there inyour family-\口O——Three.--那有多少匹马?
4.——How manyhorses arethere——I have
16.—一你叫什么名字?——Twelve.一一十二匹
5.——How muchisthisdress--这条连衣裙多少钱——It sninety-nine yuan.—九十九兀
6.——How mucharetheseapples---这些苹果多少钱?一-三十五元——They rethirty-five yuan.
四、询问时间或日期--现在几点钟?
1.——What timeis itnow-一九点该上英语课了——It snine o clock..It s timeforEnglish class.(一-八点该上床睡觉了)——It seight o clock.It,s timeto go to bed.--今天星期儿?
2.——What dayis ittoday——星期一——It sMonday.(--我们星期一上哪些课?——What dowe haveon Mondays----语文、英语、数学……)一——We haveChinese,English,math・・・——星期一你中餐吃什么?--我
3.——What doyouhavefor lunchon Mondays们吃西红柿,豆腐和鱼——We havetomatoes,tofu andfish.--你的生日是什么时候?
4.——When isyour birthday――十月一日,国庆节——It sOctober1st,our NationalDay.你爸爸的生日是什么时候?
5.——When isyour fathersbirthday—在五月——It sin May.---你妈妈的生日是什么时候?
6.——When isyour mothersbirthday——It sJuly1st.----七月一日—一你们什么时候做早锻炼/起床——I usuallydo morning exercises/get up...
7.——When doyou do morningexercises/getup---
8.——Whats thedateat8:30/6:
30....——June9th.--我们通常做早锻炼/起床…8:30/6:30…
五、询问方位或地方几月几日?
1.——Where is my toy car--六月九日——It shere,under the chair.
2.——Where isthe canteen--我的玩具汽车在哪儿?——It son thefirst floor.—在这儿,在椅子下面
3.——Where arethe keys—餐厅在哪儿?——They rein the door._---在一楼
4.——Excuse me.Where isthe library,please--钥匙在哪儿?——It snear thepost office.
5.——Where areyou from----在门上——I mfrom China.一—对不起,请问图书馆在哪儿?
6.——Where doesthe rain/cloud***come from--在邮局附近——It comesfrom theclouds/stream***.----你从哪儿来?三三三7,-Where arcyou goingthis afternoon我从中国来——Fm going to the bookstore.---雨/云…是从哪儿来的?
8.——Where didyou go on yourholiday--它是从云层里/由水蒸气…来的——I wentto Xinjiang.--下午你打算去明E
9.——Where doesshe work--我打算去书店——She worksin a hospital.--假期你去了哪?
10.——Where isthe cinema,please--我去了新疆她在哪工作?----她在医院工作----请问电影院在哪?——Its next to thehospital.那有两个卧室,一个厨房,一个卫生间和一个客厅——How to go there---那有一面镜子,一张床和一个大衣柜——Turn leftat the cinema,then go一-衣柜在桌子的附近straight.It!son the left.--很多的衣服在衣柜里--在电影那左转,然后直走它在你的左边――垃圾桶在门后
11.——There are two bedrooms,a kitchen,abathroom and a living room.■—你早餐/中餐/晚餐想吃点什么?----我想吃面包和牛奶/米饭和汤——There is a mirror,a bed and a bigcloset.----早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什么?——The closetis near the table.--汉堡包和橙汁——Many clothes are in the closet.——The trash bin isbehind the door.――北京的天气如何?
六、询问想吃什么或学校食谱--今天是雨天纽约呢?今天是晴12——What wouldyou likefor breakfast/天,天气很热lunch/dinner--今天很暖和——r dlike some bread and milk/rice and—今天很凉爽soup.13——What sfor breakfast/lunch/dinner—你感觉如何?——Hamburgers andorange juice.--我觉得不舒服
七、询问天气状况-—怎么了?
1.——What sthe weatherlike in Beijing----我的喉咙疼——It srainy today.How aboutNewYork■…你好吗,莎拉?你看起来这么伤心——It ssunny andhot.----我的数学考试没有通过
2.——It*s warmtoday.--很抱歉听到这些
3.—Its cool.
八、询问身体状况或情绪----你多少重?
1.——How doyou feel--我48公斤——I feelsick.--我比你瘦和矮
2.——What sthe matter一_你多高?——My throatis sore./1have a sore throat.—我164厘米IWJ
3.——How areyou,Sarah Youlook sosad.--你比我矮——I failed the mathtest.--你比我高四厘米)——I am sorry tohear that!
九、询问体重、身高
1.——How heavyareyou——Im48kg.——Im thinnerthan you,and shorter.
2.——How tallareyou——Im164cm tall.——You*re shorterthan me.——Youre4cm taller than me.
十、询问职业、身份或人物
1.——What syour father/mother——He sa doctor./She sa teacher.
2.——What doesyou mother/father do——Shes aTV reporter./Hes ateacher.He teachesEnglish.--她是一名电视台记者/他是一名教师他教英语——那位男士/女士是谁?
3.——Who sthat man/woman——他是我父亲/她是我母亲——He s my father./She smy mother.——那个男孩儿/女孩儿是谁?
4.——Whos thisboy/girl--你的父亲/母亲是做什么的?―-他是一名医生/她是一名教师--你的母亲/父亲是做什么的?——He smy brother./She smy sister.--他是我兄弟/她是我姐妹
5.——Who syour artteacher--你们的美术老师是谁——Miss Wang/Mr Wu.--王老师/吴老师——What sshe/he like她/他长什么样儿?——Shes/Hes youngand thin.--她/他很年轻、苗条
十一、询问兴趣、看好
1.——What syour favouritefood/drink---你最喜欢的食物/饮料是什么?——Fish/orange juice.—鱼/橙汁
2.——Whats yourfavourite fruit--你最喜欢的水果是什么?——I likeapples.Theyre sweet.--我喜欢水果但我不喜欢葡萄它们很酸)
3.——What syourfavouriteseason----你最喜欢的季节是什么?——Winter.—冬天——Which seasondoyoulike best(___一你最喜欢哪个季节?——Winter.——Why doyoulike winter——冬天)——Because I can make a snowman.一___你为什么喜欢冬天?
4.——What syour hobby--因为可以堆雪人——I likecollecting stamps.--你的爱好是什么?——What shis hobby--我喜欢集邮——He likesriding aNke.---他的爱好是什么?
5.——Do youlike peaches--他喜欢骑自行车——Yes,I do./No,I don t.你喜欢吃桃子吗?——I likefruit.But I don*t likegrapes.Theyre sour.第五章常用词性第一节名词
一、定义名词是表示人或事物名称的词它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西
二、分类名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词
1.如这里是普通名词,是专有名词John is a studentostudent john普通名词前可以用不定冠词定冠词或不加冠词,专有名词前一般不加冠词,专有名词的首字a/an,the母要大写普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词,其中个体名词与集体名词是可数
2.名词,物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词专有名词
3.专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词,多为独一无二的事物
三、名词的数、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词1可数名词一一可以数的名词不可数名词一一数不清(没有复数)Drinkmilk teawater orange juice cokecoffeeFoodrice breadmeat fishfruit caketofu、可数名词与不定冠词()连用有数数形式,不可数名词不能与不定冠词()连用,没有复数形2a ana an式可数名词复数many+不可数名词much/a little+()两者都可以修饰some,any,a lotof lots of、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰3不可数名词数词+量词名词+of+对可数名词的数量提问用how many对不可数名词的数量提问用how much、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法4)用等表示多少4some,much,a little,a lotof,a bitof,plenty of注意既可以与可数名词复数,又可以与不可数名词连用的有等plenty of,some,a lotof,lots of,most of如.瓶中有很多水There ismuch waterin thebottle.我要告诉你许多好消息r11tell youmuch goodnews)用单位词表示用表示2a...of如(一杯)(一瓶)a cup of,a bottleof(一张),(一双鞋)a pieceof a pair ofshoes如two cupsof tea(两杯茶),fivepieces ofpaper(五张纸)注意单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式;千、百等数词与名词加用,表示复数时,数词仍保持单数,名词变复数如(名学生)Two hundredstudents200(棵树)Ten thousandtrees
10000、可数名词分为单数和复数5名词单数就是该词本身,在其前面加或a an)单数1如(一张桌子)a desk(一张旧书桌)an olddesk)复数要表示一个以上概念时,要用名词复数形式2规则变化)一般情况下加5-s如(书)(书桌)book--books desk--desks)以结尾加-2s,x,ch,sh es第六节与的区别与用法How many how much36第七节和的用法Have has36第八节和的用法Do does36第七章重要句型37第一节一般疑问句37第二节特殊疑问句38第三节情感动词的用法39第八章五种语法汇总40第一节现在进行时态40第二节一般现在时态40第三节一般将来时态42第四节一般过去时态43第五节小学英语不规则动词变化表45第六节形容词副词的比较级和最高级46第七节几种时态的构成汇总47第九章方位的表达方式48第一节交通工具及“规则”48第二节英语中方位的表达方式49第十章句型转换方法归纳50第一节改为一般疑问句50第二节改为否定句50第三节对划线部分提问51第四节肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句51第五节其它需要注意点52第十一章小学英语谚语集锦52第十二章写作55第一节分类写作指导55第二节命题作文58第三节话题作文62如(盒子)(公共汽车)box--boxes bus--buses注意
①以结尾加-th s,month-months
②stomach--stomachs)以辅音字母+结尾,变为再加-3yieso如(城市)(国家)city--cities country--countries注意以元音直接加如:(天),(男孩)+y,s day--days boy--boys)以或结尾,复数变或为再加-如4f fef fev es()(一半)knife-knives JJ,half-halves()thief,wife,life,shelf,knife,leaf,self,half,wolf注意
①有少数词后直接加如(屋顶)s,roof-roofs)以结尾5⑴辅音字母加结尾名词的加如-es.(西红柿)(土豆)tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes()元音字母加结尾名词的加2-s如(钢琴)(动物园)(千克)piano-pianos zoo-zoos kilo-kilos(照片)(袋鼠)photo-photos kangaroo-kangaroos注意两种方式都可或(零)zero zero-zeros zeroes不规则变化)元音字母发变化如1man--men(男人)woman--women(妇女)tooth--teeth(牙齿)foot--feet(脚)(老鼠)(警察)mouse--mice policeman--policemen(女警察)polic ewoman--po lie ewomen)词尾发生变化如2(小孩)(公牛)child-children ox-oxen)单、复数形式相同如3(鱼)(绵羊)(中国人)等fish--fish sheep--sheep Chinese--Chinese注意不说要说an english,an englishman.
①fish作鱼肉讲时不可数,没有复数
②fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指儿条鱼)形似单数,实为复数意义如4(人,人们)(不说可说)people thesepeople apeople,a person(公安,警察)(不说可说)police tenpolice apolice,a policeman)由和构成的合成名词,变复数将名词及或都变成复数如5man womanman woman(男司机)(女医生)amandriver-men driversa womandoctor-women doctors)合成名词变为复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数如6)(汽车司机)passer-by-passers-by Abus driver-bus drivers注意如果没有主体名词,就在最后一词上加如-S(成年人)(信箱)grown-up-grown-ups letter-box-letter-boxes注意
①和通常作单数,表示总体若表示若干根头发或若干种水果,则需用这两个词的复数hair fruit形式如你要不要再吃点水果?Would youlike somemore fruit我们从市场上买了许多水果,We bought a lotof fruitfrom themarket.中国有一些好的水果(指种类)China has some goodfrits.他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色His blackhair is going white.注意
②和这类词,有时也可以有复数形式,表示多次的风、雪或雨wind,snow rain注意以和开头的复合名词变成复数时,一般只把后一名词变成复数如boy girl(男学生)(女朋友)boy student-boy studentsgirlfriend--girlfriends)有些名词只有作复数如7(裤子)(短裤)(牛仔裤)(太阳镜)trousers shortsjeans sunglasses名词()构成的复合名词,其复数形式通常与简单名词一样,即把()改成+man womanman womanmen(women)如(英国人)(法国妇女)engl ishman--engl ishmen frenchwoman--frenchwomen注意不是复合词,它的复数是german germanso
四、名词的所有格有些名词的可以加来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词的形式称为该名词的所有格如(玛丽的父亲)(吉姆的母亲)Marys fatherJims mother与所有格相对来看,不带这种词尾的形式就称为普通格名词所有格的构成法
6.)单数名词词尾加飞复数名词词尾如没有也要加飞如1s,(汤姆的小刀)(儿童书籍)Toms knifeChildrens books)表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人名字后加,如果表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后加2如吉姆和麦克(共用)的房间Jim and mikes roomJims andmike,s rooms吉姆和麦克(各自)的房间)若名词已有复数词尾只加〃’〃即可如3-s,(学生阅览室)The students*reading-roomEveryone needsto have at leasteight hours,sleep anight.每个人每晚需要至少8小时的睡眠(新目标英语九年级)注意
①所有格的读音和名词复数的读音一样
②名词所有格主要用于表示有生命东西(特别是人或高级动物)的名词如这是女人干的工作This is a womanswork.This is a girls,school,这是一所女子学校)以结尾的专有名词,构成所有格仍然加飞,或只加’,但读音都是如4-s/iz/Mr jones,s(mr jones)book(琼斯先生的书)()表示时间和距离的名词如1Where is today,s newspaper今天的报纸在哪儿?An hour,s walkisn,t far.一小时的路程不远()有些无生命东西的名词,如国家,城市季节,太阳,月亮,大地,江河,海洋,船等名词也可用’1s,表示所有关系如(中国人口)(城市生活)chinas population the cityslife注意在表示店铺或某人家时,为避免重复(因前面已提到),名词所有格后面可省略它所修饰的名(我叔叔家)(医生的诊所)my unclesthe doctors短语所有格
7.有生命的名词,我们用飞结构来表示所有关系,如果是无生命的,我们就要用〃名词名词〃的结+of+构来表示(这间房子的窗户)The windowof the house注意当所有格用来表示事物类别或属性时不可用所有格如男式鞋应是而不是sofmens,shoes ofmeno+名词所有格
8.of+名词所有称为双重所有格,使用时要注意以下几项of)表示部分时,前面的词一定要有(几个)之类有修饰语,1a,an,some,any,few,two,no,several不能是和如one the可说A book of my brother,s我兄弟的一本书不说Books of my brother,s或book of mybrother,s.)当带有感情色彩时,可用于名词前如2the,this,that,these,thoseThe prettydaughter ofyour sister,s你姐姐的漂亮的女儿你读过鲁迅的那本书吗?Did youread thatbookoflu xuns)前面的名词不能是专有名词如3of不说This isJohn ofhis uncles.)后面的名词必须是特定的如4ofThese booksof my friend,saregood我朋友的这些书很好)后面的名词必须是指人的名词5of比较不说it is a leafof the trees.指的是爸爸本人的照片A pictureofmy father注意所有格和双重所有格有时可以交替使用,意义无甚区别如fA friendofmybrother-a friendofmybrother,s测试点a carof betty,s cars,不可换为a carof betty.jim,sandtom,s fathersare in the sameoffice now,吉姆的父亲的汤姆父亲目前在同一办公室常用口诀表示民族的名词顺口溜()“中、日、瑞”友好是一致1()“英、法”联盟变2a e()其他一律加即单复数同形;的复数为3s Chinese,Japanese Englishman,Frenchman Englishmen,Frenchmen;其他像German,American,Australian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”结尾的名词顺口溜)有生命的以结尾的名词变复数时,词尾加凡无生命的以结尾的名词变复数时,词尾加1es,So有生命等potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,hero-heroes无生命等zoo-zoos,radio-radios,photo-photos,piano-pianos2)两人两菜一火山(+es)小学一中学课本中以结尾的名词构成复数时,加的只有(黑人),(英雄)(土o esnegro hero,potato豆),(西红柿),(火山),这就是“两人两菜一火山”tomato volcano(或黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红柿)egroes andheroes eat tomatoes andpotatoes)其余以结尾的名词变复数时均加2s图景你在“zoo”里,看见一要“bamboo,上面挂着一张“photo所照的是一架“piano”,上面放着一台“radio”等.zoo-zoos photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios、结尾的顺口溜f fe
(1)以f(e)结尾的名词变为复数时,有的把f(e)改为v(e)再加s,其他的以结尾的名词则直接加“s”妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光(妻子),(刀子),(狼)(小偷),wife knifewolf thiefshelf(架子),(生命)(树叶),(自己),(一半),这个名词变复数时,都要改为life leafself half9“ve”再加“s”()以结尾的名词,一般把把改为但也有特殊情况是直接加的,如2f fves,-sgulf,roof,chief,serf,belief,proof,handkerchiefo巧记不规则名词单变复man-menwoman-womenfoot-feettooth-teeth goose-geese;mouse-mice第二节冠词
一、定义冠词是一种虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面(相当于名词的帽子),帮助指明名词的含义
二、分类共类定冠词不定冠词、零冠词3the definitearticle,the indefinitearticle zeroarticle
三、用法、定冠词的用法
1、与数词同源,是〃一个〃的意思用于辅音音素前,而则用于元音音素前a anone aan表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用,1表示一个.我昨天给了他一本书I gavehim a book yesterday我在读一则有趣的故事I amreading an interesting story.表示人或事物的某一种类,强调整体,即以其中的一个代表一类2马对人类有用A horseis usefulto mankind.不定冠词用在事物的单位前,如时间,速度,价格等意义的名词之前,表示“每一〃3我们常常一天两次去学校We often go to school twotimes a day.不定冠词用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物4刚才有一个小孩来找你A boycame to see youa momentago.在序数词前表示〃又一;再一〃时如5我想再读一遍这篇小说I want to read the storya secondtime表示不特定的〃某一个“时如6有一位史密斯先生来电话找你A mr.smith iscalling on the phone.在特定的短语里表示特定的含义,与不可数名词连用,如
7.过得高兴Have a good time一日三餐前有修饰语时如8-Mom,what shallwe havefor lunch-Jiaozi.-Oh,what a wonderful lunch!I enjoyit very much.在形容词最高级前表示〃非常〃时如9Lesson nineis amost difficultlesson,but it isn,tthemost difficultone.不定冠词用于某些词组中10a little/a few/a lot/a typeof/a pile/a greatmany/many a/as arule/ina hurry/in aminute/in aword/in a short while/after awhile/have acold/havea try/keep aneye on/all of a sudden定冠词的用法
2.定冠词与指示代词同源,有〃那这个〃〃这那些〃的意思,但较弱,可the this,that,these,those以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西以下为必须加定冠词的情形在表示双方都明白的人或物的名词之前1把药吃了take themedicine.在上文提到过的人或事的名称之前
2.他买了幢房子我去过那幢房子He boughta house.i vebeen to the house在指世上独一无二的事物的名词之前3the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth与单数名词连用表示一类事物,如
4.狐狸是狡猾的The foxis cunning与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人富人;生者5the richthe living用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词等前面6only,very,same你住在哪?我住在二层Where doyou liveI liveon the second floor.That,sthevery thingthat ineed那正是我需要的东西7在表示〃・・・世纪・・・年代〃的结构之前他在实际年代开始学俄语He beganto learnrussian in the1950s.2050但注意意为〃在某人五十多岁时〃如in ones50sHe lookedquite healthythough hewas in his80s.在比较级的两种句型中
①表示〃越,就越〃时如8越轻越好The lighter,the better.
②表示〃两者中比较〃时,用定冠词如There aretwo books on thetable,i likethe thickerone.用在〃动词介词身体部位名称〃的结构中注意:介词常用如9+sb.++the+in/on/byo球打中了他的头The ballhit meon theback.在表示〃计量单位〃的可数名词前注意:介词用如10by按月付给工人工资.The workersare paidby thehour/day/month.用在某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前长城,人民公园等11the great wall the peoples parkThe people,s republicof china中华人民共和国美国The unitedstates用在表示乐器的名词之前12她会弹钢琴.She plays the piano.小女孩喜欢拉小提琴The littlegirl likes to play the violin.定冠词用在文艺活动,运动场所的名称前13他们今晚要去影院看电影They are going to the cinematonight.用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人14格林一家人或格林夫妇The greens在方位名词之前,如15in the west on thewest在某些短语中16in the day,in the morning afternoon,evening,the dayafter tomorrow,the day beforeyesterday,the nextmorning,in the sky water,field,country in the dark,in the rain,in thedistance,in themiddleof,in theend,on thewhole,by the way,go to the theatre、零冠词不用定冠词3在物质名词前,如1水是非常重要的Water is very important.在抽象名词前,如2失败乃成功之母Failure isthe motherof success.复数名词表示人或物的种类时,如3医生治病救人.Doctors curepatients.这些人是老师,不是学生.Those peopleare teachers,not students.在有关游戏的名词前,如4你喜欢下棋吗?Do youlike to play chess在〃交通工具〃的短语里,如5by+我们乘车还是步行?Shall wewalk orgo by bus在国名,人名和地名前通常不用定冠词,如6England,mary;在年份、季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词;7我们从星期一到星期五都上课We go to schoolfrom mondayto friday.在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词;8The guardstook theamerican togeneral lee.士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里在三餐、球类运动的名称前,不加冠词如9Have breakfast,play chess在某些固定词组中,是否有冠词,意义不同如10住院,在医院里在卧床,在床上In hospital in thehospitalinbed in the bed在外前面,在内前部In front of in the front of去医院看病去医院并不是去看病,而是有其他目的Go tohospital go to thehospital口诀泛指用单数可数;特指用不特不a/an,the,the释泛指用单数可数一一泛指的单数可数名词前要用特指用如果是特指,那1a/an,a/an2the——么无论是可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词前均要用不特不不特指则不用包括泛指的the3the——the,可数名词单数前用泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词,泛指的不可数名词前也不用冠词三种情况a/an,定冠词特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独一无二,序数最高级,某些专有名,习语及乐器
(1)the用在“特指”谈话双方都知道的某个人或某些人或物前如老师在哪里?There istheteacher()用在上文已提到的人或事物前如2the我能看见一只猫,那只猫是露茜的I cansee acat.the catis lucys.()用在世界上独一无二的事物前如3the地球围绕着太阳转The earthgoes aroundthe sun.()用在序数词或形容词最高级前如4the迈克是三个男孩中最高的一个Mike isthe tallest of the three boys.()用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前如5thethe greatwall(长城)thepeople”s park(人民公园)等()用在一些习惯用语中或乐器名词前如6the(在白天)(弹钢琴)等in the day play the piano不用冠词代词限定名词前,专有名词不可数,复数名词表泛指,学科球类三餐饭,季节星期月份前,颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔()名词前已有作定语用的等限定词时,不用1this,that,these,those,my,your,his,her,our,their,some冠词如等this eraser,her pencil-box,some boxes,those women()泛指的不可数名词前一般不用冠词如等2meat,rice,water,bread,tea,milk,juice()复数名词表示泛指时,不用冠词如3房间里的那些人是医生Thepeople in theroom are doctors.()在表示学科的名词前一般不用冠词如等在三餐饭和4Chinese,english,maths,physics,history球类运动名词前一般不加冠词如等have breakfast/lunch/supper,play basketball/football()在季节、节日、星期、月份前不用冠词如等5autumn,summer,winter,spring,sunday,february()在表颜色、语种和国家名词前不用冠词如等6white,brown,french,australia()在表示称呼语的名词之前,以及职务、头衔的名词前不用冠词如7格林博士是位科学家Doctor greenis ascientist.有水无湖、有球无星、有山无峰、有独无欧
(二)、有(足)族无球(运动)、有文无章、学而不专:1)有水无湖海、洋、海湾、河等,都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the);the redsea,the pacificocean,the persiangulf,the yangtzeriver(五大湖)(伊利湖)the greatlakes lakeerie2)有球无星地球,月亮用the;行星不用the:mars,venus;()有山无峰(黄山);()(泰山).7the huangshanmountains mountor mt.tai4)有独无欧(偶)独一无二的,the earth,the moon,thesun用the;欧洲等七大洲不用the.europe,africa,asia,north america,south america,antarctica,Oceania)有(足)族无球(运动)种族用(印第安人);球类运动5the:the indiansbaseball,basketball6)有文无章历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用the.r如:(宪法);the constitutionchapter one7)学而不专学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the;the universityof FuDan;FuDan university第三节介词
一、定义介词缩写又叫前置词,表示其后的名词或代词(或是相当于名词的其他短语或从句)preposition prep.,与其他句子成分的关系介词是一种虚词,不能单独在句中作成分
二、介词的用法、表示时间的(、、、、、、、)(用于表1aton in atbefore,after byuntil throughfrom sincewithin Dat:示时刻,时间的某一点在午时在夜间目前at noon at night at present()用于星期,某天,某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具体的某一天时,一律用)如2on:on在星期天在星期天的上午在月日on sundayon sundaymorning onmarch838()用于表示周、月、季节、年、泛指上午、下午、晚上3in:在年在月份in19991999in november11在夏季在下午in summerin the afternoon过……后(未来时间).我想他一小时后就会回来I thinkhe will be back in an hour我听说她一个月后回来的I heardthat shewould be backin a month.
(4)before在之前.今天早晨,魏华在点之前起床了Wei huagot upbefore7oclockthis morning7
(5)after在之后从那时起,任何人不得捕杀海鸥Aafter that,no noeshould everkill aseagull.
(6)by在……前(时间),截止(到)…….在我到达之前,她已经走了By thetimeiarrived,she hadalready gone
(7)for达……之久(表示过了多少时间),可以和一般现在时,过去时,将来时连用,但是经常和完成时连用Florence oftenworked fortwenty-four hourswithout rest.弗洛沦斯常常工作小时而不休息24
(8)during在期间During thelifetime ofone man,north americaand europewill morefurther apartby nearlytwo metres.在一个人的一生期间,北美洲和欧洲由于漂移,其间的距离将要增加差不多两米
(9)through一直(从开始到结束)He,who ledthe unitedstates throughthese years,was shoton april14,1865,at a theater inWashington领导美国度过了这些年代的他,于年月日在美国华盛顿一家戏院里被人枪杀1865414
(10)from从起时间.工人们被迫从早点工作到晚The worderswere madeto workfrom7in themorning to7in the evening77点
(11)since自从以来表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续从那时起,我的眼睛一直不是很好Since thattime,my eyeshad neverbeen very good.()不超过的范围12within:.他一小时内就人到He willarrive within an hour、表示地点、、、、2at in on underover above below nearby betweenamong aroundaround in front、、、、、of behindin intoout ofalong across,through tofor from在某地点表示比较狭窄的场所.如1at:上学在家在火车站at schoolat home at the station在某地表示比较宽敞的场所2in:点她将到达上海She willarrive inshanghai at ten.10表示地点方向的3on,under,over,above,below
①on:在上面,有接触面.如on thetable在桌子上面
②above:在上方有时艾米能听到树林上空的飞机声Sometimes Amycould hearplanes abovethe trees.
③over:在正上方,是under的反义词.在这些坟墓上,他们建起了金字塔Over thesetombs,they builtpyramids
④under在下面,在之内.这姐俩把篮子放到了树下The twinsisters put the basketunderthetree
⑤below在下方,不一定是正下方Three thousand metres belowher,she couldsee nothingexcept thethick jungle.米以下,除了茂密的丛林之外,她什么也看不见30004near,by
①near:近的,不远的二notfar是的反义词,near还可以指口寸间,in thenear future在不远的将来Greens lakewas a small lakenear hishome.格林湖是他家附近的一个小湖
②by:在旁边,比的距离要近Amy walkedby theside of the riverfor sixmore longdays.艾米沿着河岸又走了足足天65between,among,around
①b etween:在两者之间The differencesbetween americanenglish andbritish englishare notvery great.美国英语和英国英语之间的差别不是很大小学英语知识点汇总第一章词汇分类集中复习
一、学习用品钢笔铅笔铅笔盒尺子橡皮漫画书书包蜡pen pencilpencil-case rulereraser comicbook schoolbagcrayon笔语文书笔记本词典包杂志故事书Chinese booknotebook dictionarybag magazinestory-book newspaper报纸卷明信片英语书数学书书
二、人体sharpener postcard Englishbook mathbook book脚头脸头发鼻子手指腿尾巴嘴眼睛耳朵手臂foot headface hairnose fingerleg tailmouth eyeear arm手hand
三、颜色红蓝黄绿白粉红紫橙棕黑
四、动物red blueyellow greenwhite pinkpurple orangebrown black猫狗猪鸭兔马叩大象鱼鸟鹰cat dogpig duckrabbit horseel hantfish birdeagle蛇老鼠蚂蚁海狸熊驴鹅鹿猴snake mouse ant beaverbear donkeygoose deermonkey山羊松鼠熊猫狮子老虎狐狸斑马母鸡长颈鹿火goat squirrelpanda liontiger foxzebra hengiraffe turkey鸡小羊绵羊奶牛觥鱼龙虾鲨鱼海豹抹香鲸lamb sheepcow squidlobster sharkseal spermwhale killerwhale虎鲸袋鼠kangaroo
五、人物朋友男孩女孩母亲父亲姐妹兄弟男人叔叔;舅舅friend boygirl motherfather sisterbrother manuncle woman女人.先生小姐女士;小姐妈妈Mr Misslady mom爸爸父母儿子女儿小孩婴儿祖父母(夕dad parentsson daughterkid babygrandparents grandma/grandmother卜)祖母机考与人(夕卜)祖父参观者姑姑堂(表)兄弟;robot grandpa/grandfather visitoraunt cousin堂(表)姐妹同学女王邻居旅行者校长人物classmate queenneighbour touristprincipal peopleuniversity大学生笔友
六、职业student pen pal教师学生医生护士司机农民歌唱家作家teacher student doctor nursedriver farmersinger writeractor男演员女演员画家工程师会计actress artistengineer accountant清洁工销售员棒球运动员售货员警察(男)cleaner salespersonbaseball playerassistant policepoliceman警察(女)警察电视台记者天气预报policewoman TV reporter weather reporter
七、食品、饮料米饭面包牛肉牛奶水蛋鱼豆腐蛋糕曲奇饼rice breadbeef milkwater eggfish tofucake cookiebiscuit干果酱面条茶肉鸡肉猪肉沙拉汤可乐羊肉jam noodlestea meatchicken porksalad soupCoke mutton冰冰淇淋果汁咖啡早餐午餐晚餐一餐ice ice-cream juicecoffee breakfastlunch dinner/supper mealhot dog热狗汉堡包炸薯条蔬菜hamburger Frenchfries vegetable
八、水果、蔬菜苹果香蕉梨橙子葡萄茄子青豆西红柿apple bananapear orangegrape eggplantgreen beanstomato potato土豆桃草莓黄瓜洋葱胡萝卜卷心菜西瓜peach strawbeirycucumber onioncarrot cabbagewatermelon
九、衣服夹克衫长裤短裙子连衣裙袜子牛仔裤恤衫衬衫jacket pantsskirt dresssocks jeansT-shirt Tshirt shoes鞋子毛衣上衣雨衣短裤网球鞋sweater coatraincoat shortssneakers
②among:在三者或者更多的之中.在我们中间有几个美国学校There aresome americanstudents amongus
③around:环绕,在…••的周围,在的四周They arrivedatavalley withhigh mountainsall aroundit.他们到达了四周有高山环绕的山谷6in frontof,behind
①in frontof:在的前面.房子前面有一^辆小汽车There is a carin frontofthehouse
②behind:在…..后边房子后面有一些牛吗?Are there any cowsbehind thehouse7in,into,out of
①in:在…•.之内,用于表示静止的位置.房间里有个女孩There arefour girlsin theroom4
②into:进入,用于表示有特定终点的运动方向,通常用于表示动作的动作之后如come,go,walk,jump,run...她把我从门厅带进我的教室里边去She tookme fromthe hallinto my classroom8along,across,through
①along:沿着Go alongzhongshan roadandturnright at thesecondcrossing.沿着中山路走然后在第二个十这路口向右拐
②across:横过平面物体Very slowly,the continentsare movingacross theface ofthe world.各个洲在地球表面缓缓漂移
③through:贯通,通过The studentswalked throughthe gatewith unclewang.学生们随着王叔叔通过大门9to,for,from
①到达……地点目的地或方向Wheres jackhe hasgone tolondon.杰克上哪了?他去伦敦了
②for表示目的,为了……你知道他为什么来这儿吗?Do youknow whathe comeshere for
③from从地点起从伦敦到纽约有多远?How faris itfrom london to newyork、表示手段和材料的介词用31with
①和……在一起These plateskeep moving,like greatships,carrying thecontinents withthem.这些板块载着各个大陆,像航船一样不断地漂移
②具有,带有A person with goodmanners is always kindand polite.有礼貌的人总是和和气气,彬彬有礼的
③用某种工具或方法He couldswim withsome specialswimming shoes.穿着一些特制的游泳鞋,他能游泳表示用什么材料例如墨水,铅笔等或用什么语言表示衣着,声调特点时,不用而用2in:within这个用英语怎么说?What sthis in english.通过……方法,手段3by:What doyou meanby theword“what”?“what”是什么意思.我更喜欢乘火车旅行I prefertraveling by train、其他41of,from
①属于……的,表示…..的数量或种类f.这是学期开始的时候It wasbeginning ofthe term
②from:来自某地,某人,以…•起始.她是一位加拿大的女士She is a ladyfrom Canada2without,like,as
①without:没有,是with的反义词,她通常工作小时而不休息She oftenworked fortwenty-four withoutrest24
②like:像一样like manychildren ofher age,ding fangis ayoung pioneer.像很多同龄的孩子一样同,丁芳是个少先队员
③as:作为.它们把我们当作乘客运载着They arecarrying usas passengers反对靠着3against:.所有的人奋力扑打蝗虫Everyone triedto fightagainst thelocusts4about:
①关于,各处,四周.南丁格尔写了一部关于护理方面的书Nightingale wrotea bookabout nursing
②询问某人,某物的情况或提出建议你家里人怎么样?what aboutyourfamily口诀口诀1年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in要说某日上下午,用换才能行午夜黄昏用黎明用它也不错也在时分前,说“差”用说“过”用nin at,at to,parto口诀在里,在外,在旁边的是靠近的为在上,2:in outbeside,by on在下,在上头,在底下under abovebelow口诀、、、接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯3:this that tomorrow,yesterday,next lastone正上下,则不然,若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关超出、无、不能,over underabovebelowbeyond靠着,对与反分内外,之内沿against besides,except amongalong口诀、表一点,、表一段能接完成时,过去极有限以来4:before afterago laterbefore agosince during间,时态多变换与之相比除了since beside,last butone口诀5
①早、午、晚要用例在早上在下午在晚上in in themorningin the afternoon in the eveningin the day在白天
②黎明、午、夜、点与分用例在黎明时候在中午在夜间在at atdaybreak at noon at nightatmidnight午夜at six oclock在6点钟at730(seven thirty)在7点半at half past eleven在11点半at ninefifteen在9点分在上午点分在周末15attenthirty a.m.1030at the weekend
③年、月、年月、季节、周用例;在年在四月年月in in19861986in Aprilin July198319837in spring在春季在夏季在秋季在冬季这学期的第一周in summerin autumnin winterin thefist weekof thissemester在第三周in the third week
④阳光、灯、影、衣、冒雨用在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下,穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in,ino例切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书Dontreadin dimlight.They arereviewing theirlessons in the brightlight.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课They are sitting in the shadeofatree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉他冒雨到车站去接我He wentin therain tomeet meat thestation.In thebright sunlight在明亮的阳光下穿着白色衣服的妇女The womanin white
⑤将来时态以后例他们将天以后回来in...they willcome backin10days.10我一两天就回来我]一会儿就回来r11come roundin aday ortwo.We11bebackin no time.6Come两天后来看我(从现在开始)and seemeintwo daystime.(从过去开始)after...
⑥小处大处at in我住在辽宁省鞍山市.rmin liaoning,at anshan.有形无形语言、单位、材料with by,in例工人们正用石子铺路(有形)the workersare pavinga roadwith stone.The teacher is correctingthe paperwith a new pen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文(有形)“Taking tigermountain bystrategy is a goodopera.«智取威虎山》是-出好戏(无形)这种产品是用蒸储分离出气油和粗柴油The productis separatedby distilationinto gasolineand gasoil.(表示方式、手段、方法一无形)我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想(表示某I reallycant expressmy ideainenglishfreely in-deed.种语言用)inThe kilometeristhebiggest unitof lengthin themetric system.公里是米制中最长的长度单位(表示度、量、衡单位的用)in这个牌匾是铜铸的,不是金铸的This boardwas castin bronzenot ingold.
⑦特征、方面与方式、心情成语惯用in还有一些心理短语也用如诙谐地,开玩笑地,恶意地,公正地,in,in jestin jokein spitein fairnessin报复,宽大,伤心地等revenge inmercy insorrow
⑧介词、表方向,攻击、位置、善、恶、分〃at to介词和都可以表示方向;用表示方向时,侧重于攻击的目标,往往表示恶意;用表示方向attoatto时,突出运动的位置或动作的对象,侧重表示善意她向我扑过来她向我走过来She cameat me.She cametome.他大声喝斥那老人He shoutedto theold man.他大声向那老人说She talkedat youjust now.她刚才还说你坏话呢He shoutedat theold man.她刚才还同你谈话呢She talkedtoyoujust now.她用一块骨头砸狗She threwa boneat thedog.她把一块骨头扔给狗吃She threwa boneto thedog.第六章常见介词(连接词)的用法第一节系动词的用法Be
一、请记住以下口诀我用你用连着他,她,它;单数名词用复数名词全用am,are,isis,are变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃变否定,更容易,后莫忘记be not疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑
二、动词在一般过去时中的变化Be
1.am和is在一般过去时中变为was(was not=wasn t)在一般过去时中变为()
2.are werewere not=weren t带有或的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和一样,即否定句在或后加
3.was weream,is,are was were not,一般疑问句把或调到句首waswere
三、动词的用法Be、现在分词,构成进行时态,例如1be+他们正在开会They are having ameeting.英语现在越来越重要English isbecoming moreand moreimportant,、过去分词,构成被动语态,例如2be+窗户是汤姆打碎的The windowwas brokenby Tom..世界各地都教英语English istaught throughoutthe world.、动词不定式,可表示下列内容3be+、表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如A他下周要去纽约He is to go to New York next week..我们要教新生We areto teachthe freshpersons.说明这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法、表示命令,例如B对此你要做出解释You areto explainthis.要他今天下午来办公室He isto cometo theoffice this afternoon.、征求意见,例如C我该怎样答复他?谁该去那儿呢?How amI toanswer himWho isto go there、表示相约、商定,例如D我们明天早晨点在校门口集合We aretomeetat the school gateat seventomorrow morning.7第二节的作用Do动词在句中的作用可以概述为四句十二字〃做〃实义,助动词,替前文,强语气do作用一实义,动词do作实义动词时,有五种形式,还有及物、不及物之分如do do,does,did,done,doing、”做;研究;整理;完成”如1
①The oldman doesan hourof sportevery day.
②She didher homework at homelast night.©Mother wasdoing thecooking whenI reachedhome.
④Have you done theexercises yet、”行动;工作;进展;足够如2
①Kate doesvery wellin herChinese.
②How doyou do
③Well done!
④That willdo.作用二助动do作助动词时,只有三种形式,无词义,限用于含行为动词的一般现在时和一般过去时do do,does,did两种时态的否定句和疑问句中如
①They donthave anytickets fortonights concert.
②Kate stayedat homelast night,didnt she
③How many books doesthe libraryhave
④She doesntdothewashing in the evening.作用三替代d为避免动词的重复,使语言简练,常以替代前文所用的行为动词如do,does,did
①Tom runsmuch faster than you do.
②-Lucy,canyougetsomemore tea,please-Sure.Til doit rightaway.
②-Who brokethe cup-Mimi did.3-1like bananas.-So doeshe.作用四语气do为突出感情色彩,常用于祈使句、强调句和倒装句中,以加强语气如:do
①Do becareful.
②Dont tella lie.
③He didcome.
④-You oftengo to the park.-So wedo.第三节介词的用法for表示“当作、作为如
1.我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐I likesomebread andmilkfor breakfast.我们晚餐吃什么What willwe havefor supper表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于“如
2..谢谢你帮我学习英语Thank you for helpingme with my English谢谢你上次的来信Thank youfor yourlast letter.感谢你如此尽心地教我们Thank youfor teachingus sowell.表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、”对……(而言)”如
3.让我为你捡起来Let mepick itup for you.看电视太多有害于你的健康Watching TVtoo muchis badfor yourhealth.表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”如
4.我早晨通常跑步——小时I usuallydotherunning foranhourin themorning.我们将在那里逗留两天We willstay there for two days.表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等如
5.我们出去散步吧Let sgo fora walk.我来这儿取书包I camehereformy schoolbag.我花了元买这本词典I paidtwenty yuanfor thedictionary.20表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”如
6.到上学的时间了It stimefor school.这儿有你的一封信Here is a letterforyou.表示“支持、赞成”如
7.你是支持还是反对这个计划?Are youfor thisplan oragainst it用于一些固定搭配中如
8.你在等谁?Who areyou waitingforFor example,Mr Greenisakind teacher.比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师第四节的用法with是介词,但其意义颇多,一时难掌握为帮助大家理清头绪,这里以教材中的句子为例,进行分with类,并配以简单的解释带着,牵着(表动作特征)如:
1.Run withthe kitelike this.附加、附带着……(表事物特征)如
2.A glassof applejuice,two glassesof coke,two hamburgerswith potatochips,rice andfish.
3.和・・・・・.(某人)一起跟某人一起(居住、吃、喝、玩、交谈……)如a.Now I am in China with my parents.Sometimes wego out to eatwith ourfriends.跟连用,有“加入”到某方的意思如b.go,come Do you want to comewith me和一起构成短语动词
4.play playwith意为”玩耍,玩弄”如Two boysareplaying with theiryo-yos.与一起构成句式,意为帮助(某人)做(某事)、如
5.help help…with…On Mondayand Wednesday,he helpshis friendswith theirEnglish.
6.表示面部神情,有”含着……,带着……”如Tm late forschool/said SunYang,with tearsin hiseyes.
7.表示“用.......“如You playit withyour feet.What dothe farmersdo withyour machines
8.表示“对,关于no如Whats wrong with itTheres somethingwrongwith my computer.第五节与的用法some any
(一)的用法some一些,某些,某个可代替名词和形容词常用于肯定句在句子中用作主语、宾语、定语作some定语时,它可以修饰单数可数名词和复数可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词用于肯定句
1.(修饰复数可数名词)Ask someboys tohelp you.——叫些男孩来帮助你(修饰不可数名词)Please bringsome coffee.——请拿些咖啡来(修饰单数可数名词)Ask somegirl to come here.——叫(某)个女孩来这儿用于疑问句时表示“请求、邀请或希望得到肯定的回答”
2.some(表示请求、邀请)Would youlikesomecoffee——请喝咖啡(希望得到肯定的回答)Have yousome stamps——你有邮票吧?
(二)的用法any一些,任何可代替名词和形容词常用于否定句或疑问句,也可以用于条件状语从句作定语any时,它可以修饰复数形式的可数名词和不可数名词用于疑问句或否定句
1.(修饰复数形式的可数名词)Are thereany cowsin thefields——田里有一些牛吗?(修饰不可数名词)There wontbe anytrouble.——没有任何麻烦用于条件状语从句
2.If there is anytrouble,let meknow.——如果有什么麻烦,要让我知道°用于肯定句时,通常要重读,修饰单数可数名词和不可数名词
3.anyAny time youwantme,just sendfor me.——什么时候你需要我,随时叫我来Come any day youlike.——只要你喜欢,随时可以来第六节和的区别和用法How manyHow much大家都知道和是用来提问多少,的意思,那么和有什么区别how many how much how many how much吗、所修饰词的不同1用来修饰可数名词的复数,它的句式是:复数名词+一般疑问句+用来how manyHow many+how much修饰不可数名词,表示数量,也可单独使用、的用法2how many()对句型中主语的数量如等提问时,如果主语是可数名词,不管主语是单1there besome,five,only one数还是复数一般都用复数形式提问,因为问话人不知道具体的数量是多少,而且只能接可数名词复数manya.There isa bookon manythe desk.(用how many改为特殊疑问句)Ho booksseven arethere on athe deskwb.There aredays inweek.(对划线部分进行提How manydays arethere in问)a week形式,所以一定要用.即用可数名词复数地点/时间状语的句型结构.例如be areHow many++arethere+()记忆口诀
23、how much的用法用来询问事物的数量,How后接不可数名词例如1用来询问much milkis玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?there in the glass事物的重量2How例如much does这头猪多重?the pigweigh在句首,名词复数跟着走,一般问句紧相随,其它成分不要丢.how many八十公斤Eighty kilos.意为“多少钱”时,可单独使用,也可构成词组但英语中常省略how muchhow muchmoney,money,用来询问某物的价钱、价格(注意询问价格时,它的回答若是中国的货币单位应采用汉语拼音来表示,how muchyuan,fen几角常采用几十分来表示,字母用小写,且不用复数例如这块橡皮擦多少钱?一九角二分)—How muchistheeraser Ninetytwo fen.
(4)用来询问数字计算的结果,相当于what例如三加一等于多少?一,等于四—Howmuchis threeplus oneIts four第七节和的用法have has和与主语搭配:have has、、、、、have IWe YouThey Amyand Tomhas HeShe ItThe boyAmy可见,主语为第三人称单数时用其余人称都用has,have的含义及用法have/has作“有讲如我有一个包.他有一个红杯子1I have a bag,He has a redcup、作“吃、喝”讲如2(吃早饭)(喝茶)(喝点水)have breakfasthave teahave adrink、作“拿、取得、得到”讲如(我可以要一个玩具吗)3Can I have a toy注等用加名词用复数主语开头加如仍旧用somgthing,everything has,each ofhas,each theyeach have.第八节和的用法do doesdo这个词(does是第三人称单数形式),大体上从两方面来讲.作为行为动词,跟其他动词一样,如等他的意思是“做”等如:1study,playWe usuallydo ourhomework in theafternoon.He doeshis homework in theevening..作为助动词,也就是帮助主要动词构成否定和疑问等2We don,t likebananas.Do youlike applesDoes he like English He doesn,tlikeswimming.上面有一句变成否定句是He doeshis homework in theevening.He doesn,tdohis homeworkin theevening.这里加上了助动词而原来的主动词变成原形了doesnt,does do作为助动词的和是没有词义的,它们在句中的构成一般现在时的疑问句和否定句.do does用于主语第一人称,第二人称和第三人称复数形式的句中,用于主语第三人称单数的句中Do does你想成为一^个老师吗?Do youwant to be ateacher我不喜欢他I dontlike him.汤姆来自哪里?Where doesTom comefrom.我不知道I don,tknow他不住在这儿He doesn t livehere.等助动词后面加will/can/could/would/should/shal1be其他时候,第一人称后面用第二人称,复数,用单数用I am,are is...第七章重要句型第一节一般疑问句概念
3.能用或相当于回答的问句叫一般疑问句yes/no yes/no含系动词的一般疑问句的构成
4.be具体地说,就是当陈述句中有八时,可直接将它们提至主语前,但如遇第一人称,最好将其ams/are置换成第二人称如一你是在一年级二班吗?Im in Class2,Grade
1.Are youinClass2,Grade1含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成
5.一般疑问句面前人人平等情态动词与一样,也可直接将它们提至主语前,所以问题迎刃而am/is/are解了如你会拼写它吗?I canspell it.—Can youspellit含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成
6.含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究,要在句首加do;如逢主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式时,奉为座上宾并要变回原形如等;有v-es”does has-have,likes—like时陈述句中的还要变作等如some any她住在北京吗She livesin Beijing.-Does shelive inBeijing你喜欢英语吗?I like English.—Do youlikeEnglish.一There aresome bookson mydesk Are thereanybookson your desk.少数口语化的一般疑问句7如问一个与前文相同的问句时,可省略成或等;甚至只抓关键词,读作“And you”What/How about..升调如你的钢笔?Your pen.小插曲一般疑问句的语调8大部分的一般疑问句都应读作升调(/),并落在最后一个单词身上如Is ita Chinesecar/一般疑问句的应答
9.用(或相当于的词)回答,并怎么问怎么答(句首为情态动词还是)yes/no yes/no am/is/are do/does,简略回答时要注意缩写(否定的)和采用相应的人称代词以避免重复即”主语(代词)+情态动词rYt Yes,或或表示肯定;主语(代词)+情态动词或或者()表am/is/are do/does.”No,am/is/aredo/does notn*t.示否定如
①-Is Marya Japanesegirl玛丽是日本女孩吗是的,她是/不,她不是-Yes,she is./No,she isnt.
②-Can Lilyspeak Chinese莉莉会说中国话吗?不,她不会/对不起,我不知道-No,she cant./Sorry,I dontknow.
③-Do youlikeEnglish你喜欢英语吗是的,非常喜欢-Yes,very much.第二节特殊疑问句、定义1以特殊疑问词开头,对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问/进行发问的句子叫特殊疑问句、特殊疑问词2一句话开头外加能与之结伴同行的名词;及它的形容词兄弟姐妹们,即如wh-how(什么),(为什么),(谁),(哪里),(哪一个),(什么课),what whywho wherewhich what class(什么时间),(什么号码);(怎么样),(多少),(多大),what timewhat numberhow how manyhow old(多少)等how much、特殊疑问句的构成特殊疑问句由”特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成3你多大了?这个用英语怎么讲?How oldareyouWhats this in English但特殊疑问句有时也要“特殊解即如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,这时的特殊疑问句看起来成了“特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句”如今天谁没来?哪枝钢笔是红色的?Who*s nothere todayWhich penis red、特殊疑问句的语调4一般说来,特殊疑问句都要读成降调(、),并往往让最后一个单词承担此重任如()你在第几排?(、)?在哪里?What rowareyouin\Where is”E、特殊疑问句的答复5回答特殊疑问句,不能用yes/no”;但可用”到什么山上唱什么歌”来形容对特殊疑问句的应答--即问什么答什么(尤其是简略回答更明显)如你妹妹今年多大了?(她)才岁-How oldisyoursister-Shes onlyfive./Only five.5拖鞋凉鞋靴子(有沿的)帽子便帽布太阳镜slippers sandalsboots hatcap clothsunglasses领带围巾手套裤子衣服tie scarfgloves trousersclothes
十、交通工具自行车公共汽车火车吉普车轮船快艇摩托车小船小汽bike bustrain jeepship yachtmotor cycleboat car车出租车小货车飞机地铁
十一、杂物taxi vanplane/airplane subway/underground窗户门课桌椅子计算机写字板风扇灯讲台window doordesk chaircomputer boardfan lightteachers desk图画;照片墙壁地板窗帘垃圾箱壁橱镜子床头picture wallfloor curtaintrashbincloset mirrorend table柜礼物随身听台灯’沙发足球电话书架冰present Walkmanlamp sofafootball/soccer phoneshelf fridge箱床桌子电视空调钥匙锁照片图表盘子刀bed tableTV air-conditioner keylock photochart plateknife又勺子筷子锅礼物玩具洋娃娃球气球风筝fork spoonchopsticks potgift toydoll ballballoon kitejigsaw拼图游戏盒子伞拉链小提琴管子溜溜球鸟窝洞puzzle boxumbrella zipperviolin tubeyo-yo nesthole牙刷菜单电子卡片钱电子邮件交通灯药
十二、toothbrush menue-card moneye-mail trafficlight medicine地点家房间卧室卫生间起居室厨房教室学home roombedroom bathroomlivingroomkitchen classroomschool校公园图书馆邮局警察局医院电影院书店park librarypost officepolice officehospital cinemabookstore farm农场动物园花园书房操场食堂教师办公室图zoo gardenstudy playgroundcanteen teachersoffice library书馆体育馆公寓卫生间绘画教室计算机教室音乐gym flatwashroom artroom computerroom music room教室城市电视机房公司工厂水果摊宠物商店city TVroom companyfactory fruitstand petshop naturepark自然公园主题公园科学博物馆长城theme parkscience museumthe GreatWall超市银行国家乡村家乡公交车站
十三、课程supermarket bankcountry villagehometown busstop体育运动科学思想品德课社会课语文数学sports scienceMoral EducationSocial StudiesChinese mathPE体育课英语课English
十四、国家、城市中国美国联合王国英国加拿大China/PRC America/USA UKEngland Canada/CAN澳大利亚纽约伦敦悉尼莫斯科开罗
十五、气象Australia NewYork LondonSydney MoscowCairo cold寒冷的温暖的凉爽的下雪的晴朗的warm coolsnowy sunny炎热的下雨的有风的多云的天气预报hot rainywindy cloudyweatherreport
十六、景物河流湖泊河;溪森林小道公路房子雨云river lakestream forestpath roadhouse raincloud bridge桥建筑物太阳山天空彩虹风空气月亮
十七、植物building sunmountain skyrainbow windair moonflower花草树种子苗植物玫瑰叶子
十八、星期星期一grass treeseed sproutplant roseleaf MondayTuesday星期二星期三星期四Wednesday Thursday星期五星期六星期天周末Friday SaturdaySunday weekend
十九、患病发烧疼痛感冒牙疼头疼have afever hurthave acold have a toothachehave aheadache have asore喉咙疼
二十、季节春秋冬throat springsummer Mfall/autumn winter英语中的疑问句有一种是以等开头的疑问句,这类疑问句便叫做特殊疑问句,what,who,where,how而这些表示疑问的词叫疑问词为了掌握特殊疑问句,还是让我们一起来勇闯三关吧!第一关疑问词关询问的内容不同,我们所使用的疑问词便不同问物用问(电话)号码也用问人用问what,what,who,地点用问年龄用问身体情况用问年级则用问为什么用等例如where,howold,how,what grade,why
1.-Whats thatin English-Its abook.
2.-How oldareyou-Im fourteen.第二关语序关英语中疑问句一般应用倒装语序,即将动词(等)放在主语的前面特殊疑问句的语序还应注意be can将特殊疑问词放在句首例如你来自哪里/你从哪里来?你的爸爸怎么样儿?
1.Where areyou from
2.How isyour father如果疑问词在句中作主语,则其后直接跟上动词例如谁是刘芸?Who is Lin Ying第三关回答关对特殊疑问句进行回答往往不可用或而应根据它所询问的内容直接作出回答例如yes no,-What classareyouin-Fm inClass Five.回答时,问句中的名词在答句中常用代词代替,和指物常用来代替,和指人或this thatit thesethose指物时常用来代替例如they
1.-Where isMr Wangfrom-He isfrom Beijing.
2.-What arethese-They areboxes.第三节情态动词的用法
一、情态动词的定义情态动词有词义,但它不能单独作谓语,它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语情态动词没有人称和数的变化;它的后面必须跟动词原形
二、情态动词的种类情态动词词义否定形式词义能够,会不能,不会can cant能够,会不能,不会could couldnt可以may//必须不允许,不能must mustn t将,要shall//should应该shouldn t不应该需要不必need needn twould将会,愿wouldnt不会,不愿
三、情态动词的用法及主要句型、1Can Ihelp youYes,please./No,thanks.、主语+动词原形?2Can+Yes,〜can.No,〜can t.3^Can Iborrow yourbookYes,of course.、4Can Iwrite on thebookNo,you can t\mustn t.、5Could\Can youhelp meYes,of course.\Certainly.\Sure.、6Could\Can youtell methewayto theZoo、7May Icome inCome in,please.、8May Isit hereYes,please.\Sorry,please dont.、9May I have someCoke——Yes,of course.、10May/Could/Can Ispeak toTomSpeaking.Whos calling、表示劝告11should shouldn t))1He shouldget upearly.2She shouldn t play computer gametoo much.+主语+动词原形?12Should Yes,〜should.\No,〜shouldnt.、表示建议“你愿意…吗”13Would youlike to go shoppingwith meYes,Id loveto./rd loveto.But Imbusy now.、就餐用语14Would youlike somethingto eat\drink——Yes,Id like...
15、shall用于第一人称(I,we),可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗?”))1Where shallwe havedinner2Shall wego fishingAll right.\OK.\Good idea.
16、Must+主语+动词原形?------Yes,〜must.\No,〜neednt.第八章五种语法汇总第一节现在进行时态
一、概念表示正在发生的事情或动作,常和连用如我们现在正now,look,listen We are listening to musicnow.在听音乐听!他正在弹钢琴Listen!He is playing the piano.
二、句子结构动词现在分词(即动词形式),是一个整体,不能分开
2.be+-ing be+doing随着主语的变化而变化,的变化规则根据现在分词的变化规律来定
3.be doing
三、动词现在分词的构成规律
1.一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加-ing;如work-1working dodoingplay-playing
2.以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing;如dance^dancing come^coming
3.在重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)的动词中,要先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing;如get-getting shopshoppingrun-running swim-*swimming以结尾的重读闭音节词,将改成再加如
4.ie iey ingliefying diefdying
四、现在进行时的各种句式变化否定句
1.方法直接在的后面加如be noteThey are running,f They are notrunning.一般疑问句
2.方法直接把放在主语的前面,其余位置不变如be They arerunning.-Are theyrunnin特殊疑问句
3.方法如果就划线部分提问事情或动作时,用What…doing如They areswimming in the seanow.f What arethey doing in the seanow第二节一般现在时态
一、概念.表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用如1always,usually,often,sometimes,(彳艮少),(决不)等seldom never,every day,at8:30,onSunday,in themorning如I alwaysget up at6:00in themorning.表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性
2.如Sheloves Englishvery much.My sistercan play the pianovery well.表示客观的事实如太阳从东方升起
3.The sunrises in the east.格言或警句如骄者必败
4.Pride goesbefore afall.
二、句子结构如果句子主语的人称是或复数名词时,动词用动词原形
1.L we,you,they如We oftengo homeby bus.如果句子的主语是第三人称单数,即或单数名词时,动词要用第三人称的单数形式如
2.he,she,itHe oftengoes homeby bus.
三、动词的第三人称单数构成规则一般情况下在动词的后面直接加;
1.如workworks play-plays-i rain-rains see-*sees visit-*visits以结尾的动词,在后面加;
2.o,x,s,sh,ch“es”如do-does fixfixes guess^guesses washfwashes teach^teaches
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把“y”改为“i”,再加“es”;如fly—flies studyfstudies carry^carries不规则变化如
4.have-has
四、注意在一般现在时的句子中,如果前面使用了助动词does,doesn t,will,won t,can,can t,would,wouldn t,等,尽管主语是第三人称单数,后面的动词用动词原形must,mustnt如He doesn t wantto go shopping.He cansing thesong.
五、一般现在时的一般疑问句一般现在时的一般疑问句是把助动词或放在句首来引导do,does、如果句子的主语是或复数名词时,用来引导,其余句子的位置不变肯定回答1L we,you,they doYes,I/we/they do.否定回答No,I/we/they donJt.如Theygo to school bybus every day.—Do theygo to school bybus every day(肯定回答)(否定回答)f Yes,they do.f No,they dont.、如果句子的主语是或单数名词时,用来引导,其余句子的位置不变,但是要把原来2he,she,it does句子中的动词第三人称单数形式,改为动词原形肯定回答否定回答Yes,he/she/it does.No,he/she/it doesnt.如He oftengoes to school by bike,f Doeshe oftengo to school by bike—Yes,he does.(肯定回答)-^No,he doesn t.(否定回答)
六、一般现在时的否定句如果句子的主语是或复数名词时,则在主语的后面加
1.L we,you,they dont如Wealways go to school on foot.f Wedontalways go toschool on foot.如果句子的主语是或单数名词时,则在主语的后面加但是要把原来句子中的动
2.he,she,it doesnt词第三人称单数形式,改为动词原形如Heoften goes toschoolbybike.f He doesntoftengo toschoolbybike.第三节一般将来时态
一、概念一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态一般将来时由助动词(第一人称),(第
二、三人称)+动词原形构成美国英语则不管什么人称,一律用shall willwill
二、一般将来时的形式常简略为并与主语连写在一起,如•will*11,Hl,hell,ifll,well,youll,theylL・一般疑问句如用Willyou…?其简略答语须是Yes,I will或No,I willnot;如用Shallyou…?(较少见)其简略答语须是或Yes,I shall.No,I shallnot.
三、一般将来时的用法)表示将来的动作或状态1一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如(明天),(下周),tomorrow next week fromnow on(从现在开始);(将来)等in thefuture)表示将来经常发生的动作2一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了(第一人称),(第
二、三shall will人称)+动词原形构成”外,还有以下几种形式)动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事例如1“to be going to+
①It isgoing torain.要下雨了
②We are going to have ameeting today.今天我们开会)等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作,例如2go,come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay Pm我要去北京leaving for Beijing.)动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见例如3“be to+
①Are weto goonwiththis work我们继续干吗?
②The boyistogo toschool tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学)动词原形”表示即将发生的动作,意为很快,马上后面一般不跟时间状语例如4“be about to+我们马上就走We areaboutto leave.)某些词,如等的一般现在时也可表示将来5come,go,leave,arrive,start,get,stay
①The meetingstarts atfive oclock.会议五点开始
②He getsoff at thenextstop.他下一站下车
四、一般将来时特点用于第一人称,常被所代替在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称Dshall willwillWhich paragraphshall I read firstWill yoube at home at seven thisevening)+不定式,表示将来2be going to主语的意图,即将做某事a.What areyou going to dotomorrow计戈,安排要发生的事b.ij Theplay isgoing to be producednext montho有迹象要发生的事c.Look atthe darkclouds,there isgoing tobe astorm.)不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事3be+We areto discussthe reportnext Saturday.)+不定式,意为马上做某事4be aboutto He is abouttoleaveforBeijing.注意不能与等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用be aboutto tomorrow,next week
五、一般将来时常见用法
1、表示将要发生的动作^J^nI shallgo to see a friend thisevening.、用于第一人称作主语的问句里,表示征求对方的意见或询问情况例如2shall ShallI openthe door、用于第二人称的问句里,征求对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令例如3will Willyoupleasereadthe word、打算、准备做某事或即将发生的事例如.这种时态由的将4be going to We are going to plant trees be来时形式+现在分词构成如主语为第一人称,除在疑问句外要比更常用.可用做一般进行时;也will shall可表示不含意图又未发生的动作、按计划安排要发生的事或征求对方意见例如5be to do Whenistheswimming poolto open、在等按计划安排要发生的事中这些动词经常具有趋向性例如6begoinggo,come,leave,stay Theyareleaving heretomorrow.第四节一般过去时态
一、概念表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组如(前天),yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening,the daybefore yesterdaylastnight,last week,last month,last year,a momentago(冈U才),just now(冈U才),twodaysago,a weekago,in1990等如:I wentto bed at elevenlast night.昨晚我1100睡觉
二、动词过去式的构成规律
(一)规则动词的过去式
1、一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed;如look-looked playsplayed;
2、以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d;如live一lived use一used;
3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y改为i,再加-ed;如study-studied,try-tried fly-flied、以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个4r辅音字母后,再加-ed如stop—stopped plan—planned;
(二)不规则动词的过去式(后附不规则动词变化表)、改变动词中的元音;1一一一一一begin begandrink drankcome—came eat ate grow—grew runran knowknew一win—won speakspoke take—took write^wrote get-got、变词尾的一为一;一一2dtbuild—built lend—lent sendsent spend—spent bendbent、与动词原形一样;一一一3cut cutput—put costcost hurt—hurt shutshut、变为(少数动词);一一4-ay-aid saysaid paypaid lay—laid、采用不同词根;5sell^sold teach—taught buy—bought、其他如一6am/is—was are—were have/has—had dodid
三、句式变化(-)一般过去时的一般疑问句、把放在句首,其余位置不变由…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定答为否定1was,were WasYes,...was.回答为由…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为否定回答为No,....wasnt.Were Yes,...were.No,...werent.如()一11was born in Shanghai.Were youbornin Shanghai一(肯定回答)(否定回答)Yes,I was.—No,I wasnt.()2They werein LiYans homelast night.一Were theyin LiYans homelast night(肯定回答)(否定回答)—Yes,they were.7No,they werent.、在行为动词的句子中,要用助动词词来引导,其余的语序不变要注意的是,要把行为动词的2did过去式改为原形肯定回答为:否定回答:如Yes,•••did.No,…didntJohn playedcomputer games last night.—Did Johnplay computer gameslast night(肯定回答)(否定回答)—Yes,he did.—No,he didnt
(二)一般过去时的否定句、在表示过去存在的状态的句子中,相接在的后面加上1was,were not如()一1He wasin the park thedaybefore yesterday.He was not in theparkthedaybefore yesterday.()一2We werebusy last week.We were not busylast week.、在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中,要在行为动词的前面加助动词然后把过去式的行为2didnt动词改为动词原形即动词原形如didnt+()1She playedthe violin last night.—She didntplay the violinlast night.()一2They swam in the lake yesterday.They didnt swim in thelakeyesterday.
(三)一般过去式的特殊疑问句(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情,注意要把过去式改为动词原形)
1.What did-We ateChinese foodlastnight.—What didwe eat lastnight(主要是询问过去事情发生的地方)
2.Where didThey sang and dancein themusicroomyesterday morning.—Where didthey singand danceyesterday morning动词过去式…(主要是询问过去事情发生的人物)
3.Who+Mike andTom climbedmountains last weekend.一Who climbedmountains lastweekend
四、句子结构、在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子,系动词用过式构成如1was,were
(1)1was at homeyesterday.昨天我在家
(2)We werein thegym justnow.刚才我们在体育馆、在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动词的过去式构成如:2昨天我拜访了我的叔叔I visitedmy uncleyesterday.各种句式
4.一般过去时的肯定陈述句1主语+动词过去式+宾语或表语He workedin Shanghaiten years ago.一般过去时的否定句2主语+动词原形+宾语a.didnt+did+not=didntHe didntdo morningexercises yesterday.主语++表语b.wasnt/werent was+not=wasnt were+not=werentHe wasntan English teacher tenyearsago.一般过去时的一般疑问句3主语+动词原形+宾语?a.Did+Did you study Englishin1990+主语+表语?b.Was/WereWas hea pupilfive yearsago a.特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+宾语一般过去时的特殊疑问句4Where didyour parentslive fiveyears agoWhat didyoudo lastSunday特殊疑问词+表语?b.were/was+Who was atthe zoo yesterday第五节小学英语不规则动词变化表动词“是”吃
1.am/is-was
22.eat—ate动词“是”放风筝
2.are—were
23.fly—flew/flied变为,变成忘记,遗忘
3.become-became
24.forget-forgot开始落下,掉下,跌倒
4.begin—began
25.fall—fell买触摸,感觉,觉得
5.buy-bought
26.feel—felt拿来,带来寻找,发现,找到
6.bring—brought
27.find-found敲打,搅拌给,给予
7.beat—beat
28.give—gave一吹,吹动去,离去,离开
8.blow blew
29.go-went打破,打碎,折断开始,收到
9.break-broke
30.get—got建筑,建造生长,成长
10.build—built
31.grow—grew能,会,允许,可以拥有,取得,拿
11.can—could
32.have/has-had至到来,来临使受伤,使痛疼
12.come—came1J,
33.hurt—hurt捕捉,抓住打,撞击,碰撞
13.catch-caught
34.hit—hit切,割悬挂,吊
14.cut—cut
35.hang—hung花费听,听见,收到
15.cost-cost
36.hear—heard选择抓住,握住,拿住
16.choose—chose
37.hold—held干,做矢口道,了解
17.do/does—did
38.know—knew喝丢失,遗失
18.drink—drank
39.lose—lost驾驶,驾驭,驱赶借给,贷给
19.drive—drove
40.lend—lent画学习,得矢口
20.draw—drew
41.learn—learnt/learned挖,掘,刨放开,允许
21.dig—dug
42.let—let离开,离别,离去一打扫,清理
43.leave—left
61.sweep swept躺,卧闻,嗅
44.lie—lay
62.smell-smelt制作,制造,整理睡觉,睡
45.make—made
63.sleep—slept遇见,看见,引见说,说话,讲话
46.meet—met
64.speak-spoke可以,允许卖,出售
47.may—might
65.sell—sold意思是,决定做看,看见,望
48.mean—menat
66.see—saw放,安置说,说话
49.put-put
67.say—said乘,骑,坐站立,站起
50.ride—rode
68.stand—stood升起,出现偷,盗取
51.rise—rose
69.steal—stole阅读,朗读思考,考虑
52.read—read
70.think—thought跑,奔跑教,教导,教授
53.run—ran
71.teach—taught给…打电话,画图得到,拿走,抓住
54.ring—rang
72.take—took命令,允许
55.shall—should扔,投,掷
73.throw-threw游泳,游
56.swim—swam写,书写,写字
74.write—wrote唱,唱歌
57.sing—sang获胜,赢得
75.win—won坐,就坐
58.sit—sat醒,使活跃
76.wake—woke送,寄,递
59.send—sent川一将要,可以,会
77.w would花费钱,时间
60.spend—spent一穿着,佩戴
78.wear wore第六节形容词副词的比较级与】高级
一、形容词和副词的形式形容词和副词有三种形式原级、比较级、最高级原级就是形容词和副词的原形,如long;比较级就是在原形之后加上er,如longer;最高级就是在原形之后加上est,如longesto
二、形容词和副词比较级最高级的用法形容词和副词的比较级用法当两者人或者事物进行比较时,形容词和副词要用比较级,也就是一
1.er形式,比较级常常用来连接被比较的两个人或事物如than LiLei istaller thanWang Jun.o形容词和副词的最高级用法当三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较时,形容词和副词要用最高级,也
2.就是一形式,最高级之后常常用等短语来限定比较的范围如estof,in LiLei isthe tallestof all/in ourclasso注意最高级之前一定要用,但副词之前可以省略如the LiLei runsthefastest ofthethree
三、形容词副词的比较级最高级形式的变化规则大多数形容词副词之后直接加-,如一一一一
1.er-est shortshorter shortestslow slowerslowestquick—quicker-quickest以结尾的形容词和副词加一,如一一
2.er-st nice—nicer-nicest latelater latest以辅音字母加结尾的形容词副词变为再加一一如一一
3.y yi er,est,early earlierearliest以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词副词双写末尾的辅音字母再加如:一
4.er,est,big一(注常用的有五个可以这样记大胖子热瘦子是红色的)bigger biggestbig fathot thinred,规则的形容词副词的比较级最高级
5.many/much—more—most good/well—better-best一一一一一一bad/badly worseworst littleless leastfar fartherfarthest.多音节的形容词副词的比较级最高级加一如6more,most,beautiful——more beautiful——most beautiful
四、形容词副词比较级最高级的特殊用法比较级之前用特指两个中的更的一*个如:
1.the Theolder boyofthetwo boysis mybrother.加比较级加比较级表示“越就越”,如
2.the,the Thebetter theenvironmentwillbe,the moretrees weplant everyyear.比较级加加比较级表示“越来越,如
3.and Hewalks fasterand faster.第七节几种时态的构成汇总
一、名词复数的变化规律、规则变化11)——般情况直接在词尾力口-s.如chair——chairs;apple——apples;grape——grapes;desk——desks等2)以s、sh chx等结尾的词加-es.如bus一buses;watch一watches;box一boxes;brush一brushes等3)以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i再加es,baby—babies;city一cities;family一families等4)以f或fe结尾的将f或fe直接换成ves.如knife一knives;thief一thieves;shelf一shelves等、不规则变化21)没有规律的变化如child一children;foot一feet;tooth一teeth;mouse一mice;woman一women等2)单复同形如deer一deer;sheep一sheep;fish一fish;yuan—yuan;tofu一tofu;pork一pork等3)以结尾的名词有的加es有的加s.如potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes;Hero—heroes等
二、动词第三人称单数的变化规则1)直接在动词后+s.如like——likes;play——plays;read——reads;get——gets;help——helps;ski—skis等2)以s,x,sh,ch,接尾的动词+es.如wash一washes;wacth一watches;teach—teaches;brush—brushes等3)以辅音+o接尾的动词+es.如go一goes;do一does等4)以辅音+y接尾的动词:变y为i+es.如fly-flies;study-studies;carry-carries;sky-skies等末尾字母y前为元音字母的,直接在动词后面加-s.如play一plays;say一says等5)特殊变化如be—is;have—has等这些没有规律,需要加强记忆
三、动词现在分词・ing形式的构成1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ing.如:go—going;stand—standing;climb—climbing等2)以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加-ing.如write-writing;hope-hoping;care-caring等)以结尾的动词应先将去掉,将变成然后再加如等3-ie ei y-ing.die―dying,tie-tying4)如果动词最后一音节为重读闭音节,最后一个字母需要重复.如run—running;stop—stopping;hop-hopping;plan—planning;star-starring;get—getting等.但辅音x是个例夕卜,无需重复(x其实起着两个辅音的作用)如等tax—taxing,relax-relaxing5)以-ee,-oe,-ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e.如see一seeing;hoe一hoeing;eye―eyeing等6)以-ue结尾的动词大多应先去e再加-ing.如sue一suing;imbue一imbuing;rue一ruing等7)以-ic结尾的动词应先在字母c后加一字母k再力口-ing.如:frolic一frolicking;panic一panicking;mimic-mimicking;picnic-picnicking;traffic-trafficking等
四、人称代词的变化形式主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一单数我我我的我的我自己I memy minemyself我们的人称复数we我们us我们our ours我们的ourselves我们自己第二单数你你你的你的你自己you you your yoursyourself人称复数你们你们你们的你们的你们自己youyouyour yoursyourselves他他他的他的他自己he himhis hishimself单第she她her她her她的hers她的herself她自己数它的它自己它它its它的itselfit itits人称复(他/(他/they themtheir theirsthemselves她/它)们(他/她/它)们的(他/她/它)们的数她/它)们他们自己
五、动词的过去式变化、规则变化11)一般情况下,在动词词尾直接加-ed.如work—worked;piay—played;want—wanted;act—acted等2)以不发音的-e结尾动词,在动词词尾加-d.如live—lived;move一moved;decide—decided等3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed.如study-studied;try-tried;cry—cried等4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如stop—stopped;beg—begged;fiet-fretted;drag-dragged;drop~dropped;plan-planned;dot-dotted;drip一dripped等、不规则变化的动词有很多,规律性不强,需要加强记忆2第九章方位的表达方式第一节交通工具及“规则”
一、介词规则()条款骑车、乘(驾)车、乘船、乘飞机可以使用介词-by by、后跟〃光棍〃名词,即名词不加任何修饰如如1by bybike/bus/car/train/ship/boat/plane She isgoing to0(长城)the GreatWall by car/bus.、可用表示;可以用表示如2by shipby sea by planeby aira.How longdoes ittake byship/seab.They oftencome backby plane/air.(—)条款步行、骑车、乘车、乘船、乘飞机可以使用介词in/onin/ono•步行只可用(注意步行不用)如1on footoby footSometimes I go toschool on foot.
2.骑自行车须用介词on:on a/one,s bike
3.乘车、乘船、乘飞机可用in也可用onin/onabus/train/ship/boat/planeo乘坐小汽车应使用不用
4.in a car,0na car条款说明
(一)+名词〃短语,多可以用短语替换来表示〃骑、乘〃之意如
1.by in/ona.His father goes to workbybike.f His fathergoes to workona bike.(火车站)b.They go to therai1way stationby car.f Theygo to the raiIwaystation in acar.是一种比较随便的口语结构,故不宜用短语和短语进行改写即
2.by sea,by air in on不可用替换;不可用替换by seain/on thesea byairin/on theair
二、动词规则
二、方位南北东西左边右边
二十二、月份H southnorth eastwest leftright一月二月三月四月五月六月七月Jan.January Feb.February Mar.March AprilMay JuneJuly Aug.August月九月十月十一月十二月7k Sept.September Oct.October Nov.November Dec.December
二十三、数词一二三四五六七八九十one twothree fourfive sixseven eightnine ten十二十三十四十五十六十八十eleven H*twelve thirteenfourteen fifteensixteen seventeeneighteen nineteen九二十三十四十五十twenty thirtyforty fifty六十七十八十九十四十二百一百三sixty seventyeighty ninetyforty-two hundredone/a hundredand thirty-six十六第一第二第三第四第五第八第九第十二第first secondthird fourthfifth eighthninth twelfthtwentieth二十第三十第四十第五十第六十第七十第八十thirtieth fortiethfiftieth sixtiethseventieth eightiethninetieth第九十第
五十六二十四、形容词大的小的长的高的短的;矮的fifty-sixth adjbig smalllong tallshort young年轻的旧的;老的健壮的瘦的积极活跃的安静的old strongthin activequiet好看的和蔼亲切的nice kind严格的聪明的滑稽可笑的好吃的甜的咸的酸的strict smartfunny tastysweet saltysour新鲜的最喜爱的干净的疲劳的兴奋的生气的fresh favouriteclean tiredexcited angry高兴的无聊的忧愁的更高的更矮的更强壮的happy boredsad tallershorter stronger年龄更大的更年轻的更大的更重的更长的更瘦的older youngerbigger heavierlonger thinner更小的好的好的很好的重的胖的快乐的新的对的smaller goodfine greatheavy fathappy newright hungry饥饿的逗人喜爱的小的可爱的漂亮的色彩鲜艳的漂亮的便宜的cute littlelovely beautifulcolourful prettycheap昂贵的多汁的嫩的健康的有病的有帮助的高的简单的expensive juicytender healthyill helpfulhigh easy骄傲的有病的更好的更高的proud sickbetter higher
二十五、介词在里在上;在时候在下面在的旁边prep inon undernear在后边与相令口在上面在前面behind next to overin frontof
二十六、代词pron我我们你;你们他她它他她,它们I weyouhe she itthey我的我们的你的;你们的他的她的
二十七、动词my ouryour his her v玩;踢游泳滑冰飞跳走跑爬打架play.ed swimswamkate flyflewjump walkrunran climbfightfought荡吃睡觉像,喜欢转弯有;吃买swingswung eatatesleepslept liketurn havehadbuy boughttaketook买;带居住教去学习学习唱歌跳舞live teachtaught gowentstudy studiedlearn learnedsingsang dancerow戈做ij dodid做作业做家务看电视读书做饭do homeworkdo houseworkwatch TVreadread bookscook themeals water the浇花扫地打扫卧室铺床摆flowers sweepsweptthe floorclean the bedroom makcmadcthebedsctsct thetabic饭桌洗衣服洗碗碟使用计算机上学吃wash the clothes dothe dishesusea computer go toschooleat breakfast早饭吃晚饭晨练;做广播操上英语课进行体育运eat dinnerdomorningexercises haveEnglish classplay sports动起床爬山买东西弹专冈琴看望外get got up climbmountains go shopping playthepianovisit grandparents祖父母去远足放风筝堆雪人种树画画go hikingfly kitesmakeasnowman plant trees drawdrewpictures cook做饭看书下棋接电话听音乐打扫dinner readabookplay chessanswer thephone listen to musicclean theroom房间写信以上出行活动皆可以选择性地用动词来表示writewrote aletter walk,ride,take,drive步行用如
1.walk too She walks home every day.骑车用如
2.ride a bike Can you rideabiketogo there乘车用如
3.take abus/train I will take abus/train togo to Beijing.o乘飞机用或如
4.fly totake aplane We are flyingto Englandnextweek.乘驾小汽车用如
5.drive acar Theywill drive acartogo to theUSA.条款说明二动词规则不能与介词规则相结合使用,尤其是动词如walk,fly oShewalks home on foot every day.Xa.She goeshomeon footevery day.Jb.Shewalkshomeevery day.VHe willsoon flyto Londonby plane/air.Xa.lie willsoon flyto London.Jb.He willsoon go to Londonby plane/air.J第二节英语中方位的表达方式
一、和在方位名词前的区别.in,to,on off表示地在地范围之内如
1.in AB Taiwanisin the southeast of China.表示地在地范围之外,即二者之间有距离间隔如
2.to AB Japanlies to the eastofChina.表示地与地接壤、毗邻如
3.on AB NorthKorea is on theeastofChina.
二、汉语里“东南西北”的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north,south,east,west;并由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异东南方西南方西北方东北方southeast southwestnorthwest northeast如十三陵位于北京西北公里处天50The MingTombs arelocated about50km to the northwestof Beijing.津位于北京东南公里处120Tiajin issituated120km southeastof Beijing.
三、表示“在附近”时的区别near,by,beside,at表示相对的近,实际距离可能还很远如
1.near Suzhouis nearShanghai.和都表示靠近,实际距离不可能很远,但比更具体地表示出“在……旁边”的意
2.by besidebeside by思c如He wassi ttingbeside her.也有“在旁边”的意思,但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置,而和仅表示位置关系如
3.at bybesideThe students aresittingatthedesks listening totheteacher.
四、和表示地点时的区别at,inon、表示地点1at用于指较小的地方如1I shallwait foryou atthestation.用于门牌号码前如2He livesat115Zhongshan Road.、表示地点2in用于指较大的地方如1He livesinShanghai.虽然是很小的地方,如果说话人住在那里,也可用商店、学校、机关等,若看作一个地点2in point用若看作一个场所用如at,place inImet himatthepost-office.Imnow workingin thepost-office.、表示地点,一般指与面或线接触,意为“在……上;在……旁”如3onThe picturewas hangingon thewall.NewYorkis on the HudsonRiver.
五、表示“在上”之间的区别above,over,on,up
1、above指“……上方”,表示相对高度,不一定在正上方,其反义词为below如We,re flyingabove theclouds.、指“在正上方”,表示垂直上方,其反义词为如2over underThe bridgeis overthe river.、表示“在上面”,与物体表面接触,与相对3on beneath如There isa mapon thewall.The earthfelt softbeneath ourfeet.、表示动作的方向往上,反义词为如4up downPlease hangthe pictureup.第一节改为一般疑问句第十章句型转换方法归纳、先找动词或情态动词.如果有这些词,直1be am,is,are,was,were can,may,must,would,should,could接把这些词放在句子最前面,改成句号改成问号!其余照抄;如果主语是第一人称则变成第二人称some any,、如果句子中没有动词或者是情态动词,要在句子最前面加助动词、或者是2be dodoes did首先判断句子时态,如果句子是过去式,则要在句最前面加后面动词用原型,改成句号改成Did,some any,问号,其余照抄;如果主语是第一人称则变成第二人称如果句子不是过去式,则判断是否为第三人称单数,如果第三人称单数,要在句子最前面前加助动词Does,后面动词用原型,改成句号改成问号,其余部分照抄如果主语是第一人称则变成第二人称some any,其他情况均要在句子最前面加助动词改成句号改成问号,其它部分照抄.如果主语是第一人do,some any,称则变成第二人称第二节改为否定句先找动词或情态动词.如果有这些词,直1be am,is,are,was,were can,may,must,would,should,could接在这些词的后面加改成其余照抄;not,some any,、如果句子中没有动词或者是情态动词,要在动词前面加、或者是2be dontdoesnt didnt首先判断句子时态,如果句子是过去式,则要在动词前面加后面动词用原型,改成其余照didnt some any,抄;如果句子不是过去式,则判断是否为第三人称单数,如果第三人称单数,要在动词前面前加doesnt,后面动词用原型,改成其余部分照抄someany,其他情况均要在句子动词前面加改成其它部分照抄.dont someany,第三节对划线部分提问第一步先把句子改成一般问句第二步把提问部分省略,在句子最前面加疑问词如果提问部分是动词词组,要把它改成do;如果提问部分是动名词词组,要把它改成doing注如划线部分为主语,则用代替,其余照抄;如划线部分为动词或动词短语,则用who do第四节肯定句、否定句、般疑问句与特殊疑问句代替,句前加再改为一般疑问句what,、肯定句是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:1Im a student.She isa doctor.He worksin a hospital.There arefour fansin ourclassroom..、否定句含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如2Im nota student.She is not isnta doctor.Hedoes not doesntworkin a hospital.There are not arentfour fansinour classroom.☆注意小结否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词伊有动词的句子贝厂俨加在后“no beno be面,可缩写成“isntarent,但am not一般都分开写没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词do,does,did,然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont,doesnt,didnt这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而只用于一般过去时,“does”“did”不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”
3、一般疑问句是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答如Are youa studentYes,lam/No,Im not.Is shea doctorYes,she is./No,she isnt.Doesheworkin ahospitalYes,he does./No,he doesnt.Aretherefour fansin ourclassroom Yes,there are./No,there arent.☆注意小结一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上
①把动词调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问be号即可
②没有动词的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾be do,does,did标点符号变成问号即可这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“does”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,“did”“did”即问句里的第一个单词助动词和简略答句里的这个词是一致的、特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词等开头引导的句子此4what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用、来回答如“yes no”What isthis Its acomputer.Where areyou goingIm going toBeijing.What doeshedoHes a doctor.Which seasondoyoulike bestSummer.Who playedfootball withyou yesterdayafternoon Mike.When doyou usuallyget upI usuallygetup at6:
30.Why doyoulikespring bestBecause I can planttrees.How didyougoto XinjiangI wentto Xinjiangby train.☆其中又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:(多少(数量))how how manyhow(多少(钱))(多高)muchhowtall(多长)(多大)(多重)how longhow bighow heavy例句How manypencils doyouhaveI havethree pencils.How manygirls canyou seeI cansee fourgirls.How manydesks arethere inyour classroomThere are
一、学生易错词汇的选择元音字母开头的单词(名词)用辅音字母开头的单词(名词)用
1.a,an an,a.的选择单数用复数用用用
2.am,is,are is,are.I am,you are.的选择表示某人有某物单数用复数用用
3.have,has has,have.I,youhave.的选择:表示某地有某物,某人单数用复数用
4.there is,there arethere is,there are.的选择:肯定句用疑问句和否定句用
5.some,any some,any.疑问词的选择:(什么)(谁)(哪里)(谁的)(为什么)(什么时候)
6.what whowhere whosewhy when(哪一个)(多大)(多少)(多少钱)which howold howmanyhow much
二、完全、缩略形式Im=I amhes=he isshe,s=she istheyre=they areyou,re=you aretheres=there istheyre=theyare cant=can notdont=do notdoesnt=does notisnt=isnotarent=arenotlets=let uswont=will notril=I willwasnt=wasnot总结通常情况下,’m即am,s即is(但let,s=let us),Te即are,nt即not(但cant=can not)第十一章小学英语谚语集锦眼见为实.
1.S eeingis believing.人生短暂,学艺无穷
2.Art is long,life isshort.三思而后行.
3.Look beforeyou leap.有其父,必有其子
4.Like fatherjikeson.再晚也不算迟
5.Better latethan never.条条大路通罗马
6.All roadslead toRome.并非闪光的都是金子
7.All thatglitters isnot gold.种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆
8.As yousow,so shallyou reap.物以类聚
9.Birds ofa featherflock together.不劳无获
10.No pain,no gain.
11.入乡随俗,Whenin Rome,do asthe Romansdo.那恰是我所喜欢的
12.Its mycupoftea.一日一苹果,医生远离我
13.An appleadaykeeps thedoctor away.患难见真情
14.A friendin meedisafriend indeed.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲
15.A youngidler;an oldbeggar.熟能生巧
16.Practice makesperfect.一分耕耘,一分收获
17.No sweetwithout sweat.时间就是金钱
18.Time ismoney.欲速则不达
19.Haste makeswaste.说起来容易做起来难
20.Easier saidthan done.人各有所好
21.Every manhas histaste.物极必反
22.Extremes meet.活到老学到老
23.Live andlearn.事出必有因
24.Nothing comesof nothing.隔墙有耳
25.Walls haveears.失败是成功之母
26.Failure isthe motherof success.江山易改,本性难移
27.A leopardcan notchange hisspots.好心有好报
28.Good mind,good find.得饶人处且饶人
29.Forgive otherswhenever you can.爱乌及乌
30.o Love me Jovemy dog.行动比语言有力
31.Actions speaklouder thanwords.年华不虚度,生命自悠长
32.Life islong,ifit isfull.既来之则安之
33.Take thingsas theycome.岁月不待人
34.Time andtide wait for no man.美德胜于美貌
35.Virtue isfairer thanbeauty.活到老,学到老.
36.Never tooold tolearn.礼尚往来.
37.Give andtake.知足者常乐.
38.Content ishappiness.言出必行
39.So said,so done.光阴似箭.
40.Time flies.忍耐是美德.
41.Patience isvirtue.天下无不散之筵席.
42.The bestof friendsmust part.经一事,长一智.
43.It iseasy towise afterthe event.少说少错.
44.Least saidsoonest mended.少壮不努力,老大图伤悲.
45.The youngidler,an oldbeggar.诚实为上策.
46.Honesty isthe bestpolicy.切莫半途而废.
47.Never dothings byhalves.积少成多.
48.Many alittle makesa mickle..人人为我,我为人人49All for me,one forall.思考就是明白
50.To thinkistosee.时间就是生命
51.Time islife.个人力量,微不足道
52.One man,noman.学习时学习,娱乐时娱乐
53.Study whileyoustudy,play whileyou play没有学识就是盲人
54.Without learning,without eyes.不能人人都第一
55.All mencannot befirst.一切皆有可能!
56.Nothing isimpossible!让我们自己做
57.Lefs doit byourselves.己住面带彳散笑
58.t Remember:Keep smileonyourface.好书如挚友
59.A good book isa good friend.良好的开端是成功的一半
60.A goodbeginning ishalf done.覆水难收
61.Dont cryover spiltmilk.不要泄露秘密
62.Don*put thecat outofthebag.爱屋及乌
63.Loveme,love mydog.不要本末倒置
64.Dont putthe cartbefore thehorse.三个和尚没水吃
65.Everybodys businessis nobodysbusiness英雄所见略同
66.Great mindsthink alike.好事多磨难
67.Good thingsnever comeeasy.胜者为王,败者为寇
68.Losers arealways inthe wrong.隔墙有耳
69.Walls haveears.人无矢口如房无基
70.A manwithout knowledgeis likea housewithout afoundation.今日事,今日毕
71.Dont putoff tilltomorrow whatshould bedone today.风暴使树木深深扎根叩
72.Storms maketrees takede erroots浅溪声喧,静水流深
73.Sallow streamsmake mostdin;still watersrun deep困难像弹簧,你弱它就强
74.Problems loomlarge whenmen dont知识就是力量
75.Knowledge ispower脸红是美德的颜色
76.Blushing isvirtues color好奇甚至比勇敢更能战胜恐惧
77.Curiosity willconquer feareven morethan braverywill苦尽甘来
78.No sweetwithout sweat观察是最好的老师
79.Observation isthe bestteacher离远而情疏
80.Far fromeye,far fromheart好书胜益友
81.There isno friendso faithfulasa goodbook.天网恢恢,疏而不漏
82.Justice haslong arms.样样皆通,样样稀疏
83.Jack of all trades,master ofnone过去的就让它过去吧
84.Let bygonesbe bygones众口难调
85.Its hardto pleaseall吃——堑,长——智
86.Wisdom comesby suffering千里之行始于足下
87.The greatestthings musthave thesmallest beginning.诚实是最好的品德
88.Honesty isthe bestpolicy病时才知健康好
89.In sicknesshealth isknown机不可失失不再来
90.Opportunity seldomknocks twice不入虎穴,焉得虎子
91.Nothing ventured,nothing gained树大招风
92.Tall treescatch muchwind人多心不齐
93.Several men,several minds师傅引进门,修行在个人
94.You canlead ahorse towater,but you cant makehim drink物莫如新,友莫如故
95.Everything is good whennew,but friendswhen old江山易改,本性难移
96.The foxchanges hiskill butnot hishabits杯满盈,须持稳
97.A fullcup mustbe carriedsteadily.懒惰是万恶之源98Idleness isthe rootofallevil.流水不腐,户枢不蠹
99.Drawn wellsare seldomdry.第十二章写作第一节分类写作指导人物类作文一我自己Myself要涉及的话题或句型
一、姓名.注意名字有两个字时,My nameis Wang Xiaoming./Fm Wang Xiaoming./This is Wang Xiaoming要连在一起,只大写第一个字如王小明WangXiaoming
二、年龄Fm twelve/Fm twelve years old.
一、姓名注意名字有两个字时,要连在一起,只大写第His nameisWangXiaoming./Hes WangXiaoming./一个字如王小明WangXiaoming
二、年龄He\twelve/He^twelveyears old.
四、经常在何时做运动或爱好He often plays badmintonwith meafterschool.
五、家人There arethree peopleinhisfamily:his father,mother andhe.
六、家人职业及爱好(简略)Hisfatheris an engineer.He likesreading books.
七、结束语I like myfriend.作文三我的一天My day时态一般现在时重要句型主语+动词原形+其它.I getupat6:
00.Then Iwash myface andbrush myteeth.I eatbreakfast at7:
00.Then Igotoschool.!have sevenclassesevei*yday.Classes begin at8:
00.School isover at4:
30.After school,!oftenplay table tenniswith my friends.!eatdinner at7:
00.Then Ilisten to music.I do my homeworkat8:
00.1goto bed at9:
30.This ismy day.作文四某人的一天Tonfsday时态一般现在时重要句型主语(第三人称单词形式)+动词第三人称单词形式+其它.注意与的区别My day
一、主语由变为
二、形容词性物主代词由变为IHe.myhis
三、动词由原形变为第三人称单数形式,简单记忆方法就是动词后加或s esTomgets upat6:
00.Then hewashes hisface andbrushes histeeth.He eatsbreakfast at7:
00.Then hegoes toschool.He hasseven classesevery day.Classes beginat8:
00.School isover at4:
30.After school,he often plays tabletenniswith hisfriends.He eatsdinner at7:
00.Then helistens tomusic.Hedoeshis homeworkat8:
00.He goesto bedat9:
1、自我介绍作文加信件格式.2时态一般现在时主语+动词原形(注意,当写家人如父亲时,使用主语+动词第三人称单数形式)重要句型主语表语+be+1like doing sth.He likesdoingsth.例文To:Alice@penpal.comFrom:Liu Yun@penpal.comDear Alice,I amhappy to have a new penpal.I livein Chinawith mymom anddad.I donthave asister orbrother.My momis asinger.She likesswimming.My dadisaTV reporter.He likes listening tomusic.I likeplaying the violin andwriting emails.Your new friend,Liu Yu.作文十信件类找路与邀请某人参加生日晚会Dear Amy,Please cometo mytwelfth birthdayparty at6pm on Saturday.Now let me tellyou howtocome:
1.Start fromthe busstop in frontofour school.
2.Take theNo.l7bus.
3.Get offatthepost office.
4.Walk eastfor threeminutes.
5.Find thewhite buildingon theleft.
6.Look for me nearthedoor.Yours,Sarah作文十一时态类上周未是如何渡过的?时态一般过去时.模板I hada busy/happy/good time lastweekend.On Saturdaymorning,
1.......After that,
5.I getupatsix oclockeveryday.I haveclassesfrom Mondayto Friday.On Saturday,I oftenplay ping-pong andwatchTV.On Sunday,Idomy homeworkandread books.1like weekendsverymuch.My FavouriteFoodToday isWednesday.We havepotatoes,pork,and greenbeans fordinner.Potatoes aremy mother,s food.But I don,tlike potatoes.I likepork.It istasty.And I like greenbeans,too.It is good forme.After dinner,we eatsome apples.Applesare my favouritefruit.They arehealthy!My FriendI haveanew friend.Her nameis Amy.She is
12.She isbeautiful.She has a roundface andbig eyes.She haslong hair.She istall andthin.She likessinging anddancing.Her Englishisverygood.We aregood friend!About MeMy nameisChen jie.I am12years old.My favouritedayisMonday.We haveP.E.and computerclass and we havepotatoerfor lunch.Potatoes aremy favouritefood.My favouritefruit isapple.It isgood forme.Monday isa greatday!My favourite teacher isMr Li.He isour Englishteacher.He istall andthin.He isvery active.we alllikehim!I CanHelp DoHouseworkI ama girl.My nameisLiLing.Im
11.Im helpfulathome.I canwater theflowers,empty thetrash andsweep thefloor.After meals,Icanhelp my mother dothe dishes.On Sunday,Icanwash theclothes.What aboutyou Are youhelpful,tooMy NewRoomI havemy ownroom now.It issmall andnice.There isa bed,a desk,a bigclosetandashelf.There aretwo endtablesnear thebed.The computeris onthedesk.The booksare onthe shelf.The trashbin isbehind thedoor.The clothesare inthecloset.I lovemy newroom very much!My VillageMyvillage isvery beautiful.There aremany housesinthe village.Near thevillage,there isa forest.A smallriver isinfrontofthevillage.The waterin itisveryclean.We cansee somefishintheriver.Near theriver,youcansee amountain.Some flowersand grassare onthe mountain.I likemy village.Welcome tomy village!How DoYou GoTo SchoolMyhome isfar fromtheschool.I usuallygotoschoolbybus,because itsfast.Sometimes Igotoschoolon foot,itsgood forme.What aboutyou How doyougotoschoolCanyoutell me,pleaseMy WeekendHi!Im Amy.Im going to havea busyweekend.On Saturday,Im going tothe bookstorebybike.Im going to buysomebooks.In theafternoon,Im goingtoplay football withmyfriends.On Sundaymorning,Im goingto domyhomework.Then Im goingto clean my bedroom intheafternoon.In theevening,Imgoingto watch TV.What aboutyouWhat areyou goingto doonthe weekend MyTravel PlanTheweather isgood,I willhavea good tripwithmyfamily.First,we aregoingtoBeijing parkbytrain.Then,we aregoingtoseethe GreatWall bybus.Finally,we aretake thetrain backto Shiyanto climbWudang Mountains.I believe,myjourney willbe very happy!My PenPal MyNew FriendI haveapenpalnewfriend.Her nameisAmy.She is
12.She isbeautiful.She hasa roundface andbig eyes.She haslong hair.Amy livesinBeijingnow.She goestoschoolon foot.She likesmusic very much.She oftenplaystheviolin ontheweekend.Amy studiesvery hard.She isa goodstudent.My FamilysHobbyThere are5peoplein myfamily.I likeflying kites.My fatherlikes diving.My motherlikesplayingtheviolin.Mybrother likesriding abike.My sisterlikeslisteningtomusic.I havea happy family.My FamilyI havea happy family.There are3peoplein myfamily.My father,my motherand LMy fatherisadoctor.He worksinahospital.He goesto workbybus.He likesdiving and playing football.My motherisateacher.She worksinaschool.She goesto workon foot.She likeslisteningtomusic andplaying theviolin.Im astudent.Im
12.Igotoschoolon foot.I likeswimming anddiving.I oftenplay footballwithmyfriends ontheweekend.I havea happyfamily.My parentslove mevery much.I lovethem,too.给笔友的信About MyFamily AmyDearAmy,My nameis Sarah.V m
13.V mtall andthin.I likeswimming.My fatheris
40.He istall andstrong.He likesreadingbooks.He isanengineer.He worksinacar company.He goestoworkbycar.My motheris
39.She isshort andthin.Shelikes cooking.She isa salesperson.She worksinabookstore.She goestoworkonfoot.Yours,SarahMy SchoolMyschool isvery beautiful.It isin Guicheng,neartheQiandeng Lake.Do youknow itIt isNanhai ExperimentalPrimarySchool.I likemy schoolvery much.There isa bigplayground in my school.We haveP.E.class onthe playgroundand weoftenplaysports onit,too.Ourteaching buildinghas fivefloors.My classroom isonthe fifthfloor.It isbig andclean.The computerrooms areon thethirdfloor.There isa libraryonthesecond floor.There aremany booksinthelibrary.Ioftenreadbookshere.There aresomemusic roomsand artrooms inthe teachingbuilding,too.The teachersin my school are verykind.The students are verypolite andsmart.I amhappy inmyschool.About MeMy nameisSarah.Imastudent.Im
13.usually Igotoschoolonfoot.Sometimes Igo bybike.I likeplaying football.MyfavouriteteacherisMr Li,he isour Englishteacher.I wanttobeanengineerinthefuture!Next WeekItsgoingtobe SpringFestival nextweek.Next MondayI amgoingtomy cousinshouse.He livesinavillage.I amgoing byship.Next TuesdayI amgoing tohavea picnic.Next WednesdayI amgoingtogoshoppingin NanhaiPlaza andtohaveK.F.C.Next ThursdayI amgoingto Jihuayuanto flykites.In theevening I amgoingtocleanmy room.Next FridayI amgoingtovisit myuncles familyandmy grandpa.Next SaturdayI amgoingtoplay footballat school.Next SundayI amgoingtohot springin Kaiping.I amgoingtobe very happy.My GoodFriendMy nameis xxx.I havea good friend.Her nameisLiu Yun.She livesinChina.Her matherisasinger.She likesswimming.Her fatherisaTVreporter.He likeslisteningtomnsic.LiuYunlikes piayingtheviolinand ridingher bike.Every morning,she goestoschoolonfoot.Every evening,she readsnewspaper aihome,then shegoestobedatnine.Thisis my goodfriendLiu YunMyFavourite TeacherHello,my nameis Steven.Ihavemany goodteachers,but myfavouriteteacheris Miss Li.SWhe isa verygoodteacher.She isvery young,but herEnglishisverygood.She teachesus Englisheveryday.Her classhassomuch fun.Shesings songswith us,plays gameswith us.We areso happy.And welearn Englishwell.Our Englishare veryverygood.SoI likeher very much.She likesreading booksandplayingsports.After class,MissLioftenplayssports withus.Weareveryhappy.We allloveher verymuch.This ismyfavouriteteacher.She isa goodteacher.1likemyEnglishteacherverymuch.What aboutyouDo youhaveagoodteacher,tooHappy FamilyEveryonehasa family.Ihaveafamily,too.I nameit“Happy family,\because everyoneinmyfamily ishappy.Come andmeet myfamily,please!My motheris kind.I loveher,and sheloves me,too.My motheris pretty.Shelikes beautifulclothes.I callhefDressy Murn”.My fatherisaboss.He istall andthin.He hasasmallhead.I givehim anicknameSmallHead Father”.I amfat andlovely.Ihavea bighead.I givemyself anicknamet€Big HeadGirl”.I studyhard.I amagoodstudent.Wearehappy everyday!My ClassroomMy classroomisnice andbig.There areforty desksand chairsinthe classroom.There aretwo blackboar dsonthe walls.And there aretwopictures,too.Myclassroomhas elevenlights andtwelve fans.Whatcolour are thefansThey are blue.At theconer,there isashelf,manybooksare inthe shelf.I likethebooksverymuch.This ismyclassroom,itisverynice.I likemyclassroomverymuch.Do youhavea nice classroom,too ILove SpringBestWinter wasgone,spring comes.I lovespring best,because itsvery beautiful.In spring,the weatheris awayssunnyand rainy,it,snotcold andnot hot,its warmerand warmer.The flowersbegin toopen andthetreesbegin toturngreen.The birdsare singinginthesky,they arehappy.The animalswill go outtoplay.Many peoplelike togooutandenjoy thesunshine.I likewearing mysweater andjeans,I like to flykites,planttreesand seethe beautifulflowers.Spring iscolorful,!think itsawonderfulseason.Whats yourfavourite seasonPleasetellme.Spring OutingManystudentsaregoing springouting.Some studentsare boating.And somestudentsarehaving apicnic.Theothers areplaying games.There isa girlsiting ona chairreading abook.The skyisblue.The treesare green.Theflowers arered.Itsavery beautifulpark.They haveagoodtime!What isfamily Everybodyhas hisown family.What isfamilyI dontthink everyonereally knows.There aresix lettersin thewordu FAMILYI thinkFmeans“father”,“A means“and,Mmeans“mother Imeans64V\L meanslove and“Ymeans“you”.So“FAMILYistheshort formof“Father and mother,I loveyou.^^Dont youthinksoFather andmother loveus,andwelove father andmother.Thats ahappyfamily.My LovelyFatherI haveabusyfather.He worksina big office.He hasabigcompany.He isbusy everyday.He hasmany thingtodo.He hasnotimetogohome forlunch.He getshomeat7:00p.m.At homehe doesthe housework.He cooksnice dishesfor motherandme.On weekends,he oftengoestotheparkwith me.Sometimes hegoestoswim withme,too.I liketostaywith myfather.He isagoodfather,he isalso ahappy businessman.第三节话题作文、根据给出的材料,写一写这个周末的活动计划1MikeSaturday Sundayreada magazinegotothe zoobuy abook learnKungfuwatch TVMikeisastudent.He ismygoodfriend.He isbusy attheweekend.He isgoingtoreadamagazine thisSaturdaymorning.He isgoingtogotothezoothis Saturdayafternoon.He isgoingtobuy abook this Sundaymorning.He isgoingtolearn Kungfuthis Sundayafternoon.He isgoingtowatchTVthisSundayevening.、根据下面提供的内容,写一篇英语短文要求语句通顺,条理清楚,字数不少于个单词250是个英国女孩,五年级学生,十二岁她向别人自我介绍,并介绍她的家庭她有个双胞胎姐姐,Mary爸爸是医生,妈妈是老师,她非常爱他们,他们也很爱她Mynameis Mary.Icomefrom England.I aman Englishgirl.I amastudent.I aminGradeFive.I likemyEnglish teacher.Her Englishisgood.There arefour peopleinmyfamily.Ihavea twinsister.My fatherisadocto匚My motherisateacher.I lovethem verymuch.They loveme,too.、题目(我的网友)3My net friend要求
(一)条理清楚,意思连贯,语句通顺,标点正确,书写清晰、规范;
(二)要将提示词全部体现在作文中;不得少于个单词50提示词()()()•(互相交谈)()(在聊天1computer2net friend3talk witheach othei4inthechat room室)
(5)talk inEnglish(用英语交谈)
(6)good nowMynet friendI am Tony.Ihaveacomputer.Ihaveanewfriend.His nameis Jack.He is12years old.He isastudent.He likessurfingthe net.We oftentalk witheach otherinthechat room.We talkinEnglish.My Englishisgoodnow.He isagood boy.I likehim verymuch.Do youwanttohaveanetfriend、根据给出的提示和要求,写一篇个单词左右的短文要求写一封介绍你一家的电子邮件给465JayHello,Jay,I amveryhappytobeyour netfriend.There arefour peopleinmyfamily.They aremyparents,my sisterand I.My fatheristheoldest andthe tallest.He candriveacar.He isadoctor.My motherisafactory worker.She workshard.My sisterisastudent.She isthe bestin herclass.My hobbyisplayingbasketball.My sisterandIgotoschoolon foot.Ihaveahappyfamily.What aboutyouBye-bye,Benson、根据提示,从表格中获取信息写一篇不少于个单词的小作文,要求提示的内容要全部体现在作文560中Name Zhang Ping Jim年龄Age1215身高Height150cm162cm体重Weight50kg60kg国籍Nationality ChineseCanadian地址Address XinhuiGuangzhou最喜欢的颜色Favorite Colorred blue最喜欢的运动Favorite Sportbadminton swimmingMyFriendsI have two goodfriends.Theyre Zhang Ping andJim.Zhang Pingis
12.Jim isthree yearsolder thanher.Hes
15.Jim is heavier thanZhang Ping.Hes60kilograms.Jim istaller thanher.Hes162cm.ZhangPingis aChinesegirl.She livesin Xinhui.Jim isa Canadianboy.He livesin Guangzhounow.ZhangPinglikes red.Herfavorite sport is badminton.Jim likesblue.His favoritesportisswimming.I likethem verymuch.、描写你的周末生活,注意用一般现在时6My WeekendIhave happyweekend.On Saturdaymorning I always haveEnglishclassesat school.I studyhard intheclassroom.In theafternoon Ioftenplaycomputergames.On Sundaymorning Ioften drawpictures.Sometimes Ivisitmygrandmother andgrandfather.Sometimes Ilisten tomusic.On Sundayafternoon Ioftendohousework orgoshopping.So Ilove weekends.、昨天跟他妈妈买东西,请根据下表的信息,写一篇不少于个单词的小作文7Jack60Happy ShopSome piecesof candyY4A rollof toiletpaper¥5Mr.Chens StoreA cartonof icecream¥15Uncle Eddys StoreA bottleof shampoo¥45A pair of socks¥8Big BlueDepartment StoreA bagof chips¥9Toy car¥105Yesterday wasJacks shoppingday.He wentshoppingwith his mother.They wenttotheHappy Shop.They boughtsome piecesof candy.They are4Yuan.They boughta rollof toiletpaper.They boughta cartonof icecream atMr.Chens Store.They boughta bottleof shampooanda pairofsocks atUncleEddysStore.They wenttotheBig BlueDepartment Store.They boughtatoycar.Its105Yuan.They wereveryhappy.、昨天是月日,也是你的生日,请描写你的生日派对,注意用一般过去时8320My birthdayYesterdaywas March20th.It wasmy birthday.I hada party.I atetoo much.Mike broughta cartonof icecream.Jenny broughtsome candy.Mary broughta lotof cookies.My mommade acake.My dadboughtatoycarforme.Iwas veryhappy.At theparty wesanganddanced.We hadagoodtime.、.据下面提供的信息,写一篇字左右的作文960NameBill Age:13Favorite sports:tennis,soccer,basketball Clothes:black,T-shirt,blue pantsPhonenumber:5352375My FriendIhaveagoodfriend.Weareinthesame class.His nameis Bill.He is
13.He likessports verymuch.Thesesports aretennis,soccer andbasketball.He playstennis twicea week.He playssoccer twicea week.He playsbasketballonce aweek.He oftenlikestowear blackT-shirt andblue pants.His phonenumber is
5352375.Everyonelikes him.、写一个你最喜爱的人,请对他/她进行一定的外貌描写10My FavoritePeopleWho isyour favorite person Myfavoritepersonismymother.She isbeautiful.She is38yearsold.She istalland thin.She hasbigeyesand longhair.She likescooking.She cooksgood mealsfor useveryday.And shealwaysdoes allthe housework.She looksafter myfatherandme.Ilovemymotherverymuch.、请描写一下你的房间,注意要使用”句型11there beMyBedroomI haveaniceand smallbedroom.There isabeautifulbedandtwo smallchairs.I alsohaveabig andtall closetbecauseIhavemany clothes.There isabigdesk nexttothewindow.Ialwaysdomyhomeworkatthedesk.There isafamily photoonthewall.We tookthis photothis summerholiday.I likemybedroom.、描写一种你最喜爱的动物,要对它进行外形描写12My FavoriteAnimalMy favoriteanimal israbbit.Its nameis Sweet.Sweet haslong ears.Its verysmall.Its white.It hasashorttail.It hasred eyes.It likeseating carrots.It likesjumping.It goesjumping threetimes aday.I likeit verymuch.Its lovely.Ws mybest friend.I likethe rabbit.、同学们,你一定有很多的爱好,请你写一个你的爱好,字数不少于个单词1360My hobby(集邮).My hobbyis collecting stamps Therearemanystamps inmy room.I likestamps verymuch.There aremanythings onthe stamps.Theyarecolorful andbeautiful.After schoolI usuallygotothepostoffice andthere aremanypeople there.I learna lotfrom collectingstamps.I likecollectingstampsverymuch.、寒假很快就要到了,请你为你的寒假写一个计划快点把你的计划写出来吧!14My WinterHolidayIts January.My winter holiday iscoming.IamgoingtogotoThailand.I willgothereby plane.I likethe foodinThailand.Its spicyand tasty.In thewinterholiday,Iamgoingtoplaybasketball.Iamgoingtopaint pictures,too.I willhelp mymother dosome housework.Iwillbe veryhappy inmy winterholiday.>假设是岁,短发而是岁,长发」.请运用学过的句型介绍和15Jack10,
1.5m,50kg;May126m,45kg比较一下他们的特征Jack andMayI havetwo goodfriends.TheyareJack andMay.He isten.He hasshort hair.Heis50kg now.And May is abeautifulgirl.She haslonghair.She istwo yearsolder thanJack.She is12now.She istallerthanJack.She is
1.6m.But Jackisheavier than May.Mayis45kg.Theyarelovely students.Ilikethem.此份复习资料,涵盖了小学三年级至六年级8本教材的所有词汇、短语、日常用语、重点句型、语法、谚语、作文等知识点内容丰富,设计合理,望同学们按要求认真复习,争取考出优异成绩,留下一给美好的小学阶段!现在进行时1表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be词如外in动am,is,are+动词ing.It israining now.面正在下雨It issixoclock now.现在6点/My parentsare readingnewspapers thesittingroom,我父母正在客厅看报纸Look!The childrenarehavinga runningrace now.看!孩子们正在赛跑问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not.一般现在时2表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often,usually,sometimes,always,everydayweekyear---on Sundays等词连用结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she,it,Tom,mymother,the boy等词时,动词后加s或es.如We havean Englishlesson everyday.我们每天都要上英语课Do the boys runfasterthanthe girlsYes,theydo.男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的问句借助于do,does否定句借助于dor t,doesn,t,后面动词一定要还原二般过去时3表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now;a momentago;•••ago;yesterday;lastweek;month;year;Monday;weekend;this morning等词连用结构是主语+be动词的过去式was;were或主语+动词的过去式注意be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用如My earphoneswere onthe groundjust now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢Where wereyou lastweek Iwasata camp.你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了Whatdidyoudoyesterday Ivisited afarm你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didnt后面动词还原二般将来时4表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow,nextweekyear;Tuesday*,thisweek weekend;evening;afternoon;•today等词连用・・结构是主语+beam,is,aregoingto+动原或主语+will+动原如Whatareyou goingtodotomorrow Iamgoingtohaveapicnic.你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐The childrearegoingtohavea sportsmeeting nextweek.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会Tom will/isgoingtosee a play withhisfather thisevening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后力口not.情态动词5can;cant;should;shouldnt;must;may后——定力口动词原形如The girlcan,tswim,but shecan skate.女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰Don ttalk inclass,you shouldlisten totheteachercarefully.不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲祈使句6肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以dorf t加动词原形开头如Open thebox forme,please•请为我打开盒子Liu Tao!Please getup earliertomorrow.刘涛,明天请早点起床!Don,t walkonthegrass!不要在草地上走!Helen!Don tclimbthe tree,please.海伦!不要爬树的用法7go去干嘛用go+动词ing如go swimming;go fishing;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing---比较8than前用比较级;as…as之间用原级如My motheristwoyears youngerthan myfather.我妈比我爸年轻两岁Liu Taojumpsas faras Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远喜欢做某事9用like+动词ing或like+to+动原如Su Yanglikes growingflowers.苏阳喜欢种花The childrenlike toplay withlanternsat SpringFestival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯想要做某事10用would like+to+动原或want+to+动原例Idliketovisit theHistory Museum.=1wanttovisit theHistory Museum11some用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用如Can1have somewriting paperWouldyoulikesomeorangejuice代词12人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是I youhesheit weyou they宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后如Open themforme.Let us…,join me等宾格分别是meyouhim herit usyou them形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my yourhisherits ouryour their名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine yourshis hersits oursyours theirso介13词介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式如be goodat running;do wellin jumping;时间介词14季节前,月份前用介词in如in summer;in March具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on如onSaturday;onthesecond ofApril;on Wednesdaymorning在几点钟前用介词at如ata quarterto four;只在上下午晚上用in如inthemorning/afternoon/evening;但在夜间用atnighto另季节,月份和星期前不好加the.名词复数构成的方法15有规则的有1直接在名词后加s如orange一oranges;photo一photos;2以x,s,sh,ch结尾的力口es如box―boxes;glass——glasses;waitress—waitresses;watch一watches;peach--peaches3以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如study一studies;library一libraries;hobby一hobbies;family一families;4LU f,fe结尾的改f,fe为v+es如knife—knives;thief—thieves注以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango力口es,mango——mangoes其余力口s,不规则的有man一men;woman一women;people一people;child一children动词第三人称单数的构成16⑴直接在动词后加s如run一runs;dance一dances2以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es如do一does;go一goes;wash一washes;catch一catches3以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如study一studies;carry一carries;现在分词的构成171直接在动词后加ing如sing——singing;ski——skiing;2双写词尾力口ing如swim——swimming;jog——jogging;run——running;3以不发音的e结尾的去e力口ing如ride—riding;dance一dancing;make一making;规则动词过去式的构成18⑴直接在动词后加ed如clean一cleaned;milk一milked;play一played;2以e结尾的直接加d如dance一danced;taste一tasted;3以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed如study——studied;carry——carried;4双写词尾力口ed如stop——stopped;jog——jogged;不规则的有am,is一was;are一were;do,does一did;have,has一had;go一went;meet一met;sit一sat;see一saw;get一got;tell一told;run一ran;come一came;steal—stole;read——read;形容词副词比较级的构成19规则的_1直接在形容词或副词后加er如;small一smaller;low一lower;2以e结尾的加r如:late一如rer;3双写词尾加er如:big一bigger;thin一thinner;fat一fatter;4以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er如:heavy—heavier;early—earlier;不规则的有:good,well一better最高级为best;many,muchmore最高级为most;farfarther;与的用法20rain snow1作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如There isa lotof rainthere in spring.那儿的春天有很多雨水2作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是动词原形rain,snow;第三人称单数rains,snows;现在分词raining;snowing过去式rained;snowed;如
①Look!Itis rainingnow.瞧!天正在下雨
②It oftenrains inNantong insummer.南通夏天经常下雨
③It rainedyesterday.昨天下了雨
1.Hello,...你好小学生口语100句
2.Hi,...喂,你好
21.Thankyou./Thanks.谢谢不用谢早上/下午/晚上
22.You^ewelcome.
3.Good morning/afternoon/evening.没关系好
23.Thats allright.
4.How areyouthis morning/afternoon/evening你今
24.Im sorry.对不起天早晨/下午/晚上好吗?
25.Sorry,Idon9tknow.对不起,我不知道
5.Fine,thank you/thanks.我很好,谢谢
26.Excuse me.对不起,打扰一下
6.Not bad,thank you.不错,谢谢
27.Come in,please.请进请口乞些香蕉
28.Have somebananas,please.欢迎回至学校来
7.Welcome backtoschool.U该吃些蛋糕了
29.Its timefor thecakes.欢迎到我们学校来
8.Welcome toour school.我可以进来吗?
30.May Icome in生日快乐!
9.Happy birthday!请进
31.Come in,please.你的名字是什么?
10.Whats yourname,please我能吃你的吗?
32.May Ihave yours你叫什么名字?
11.Your name,please我能吃两个蛋糕吗?
33.Can Ihavetwocakes我的名字是…/我名叫…
12.Myname不,你不能…这位是…小姐/先生/女
34.No,youcant
13.This isMiss/Mr/Mrs我能吃一个吗?士
35.Can Ihave one,please好的给你这是我的朋友
36.Yes./Allright.Here youare.
14.This ismyfriend,
15.Come andmeet myfnends.过来见见我的朋友们
37.Can Igo withyou我能和你一起走吗?
16.Howdoyoudo你好
38.Sure.好的很高兴认识/见到你
17.Nice tomeet/see you.再见
18.Goodbye.晚安
19.Good night.他多大了?
20.How oldishe
39.Doyouknow histelephone number你知道他的电话号码吗?你能确定吗?
40.Areyousure是的,我肯定
41.Yes.Fm sure.。
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