山西省八校2023年高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

2023年高考英语模拟试卷请考生注意请用铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在

1.2B

0.5答题纸相应的答题区内写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题

2.第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）

201.

5301.Different tastesamong touristsfrom outsidethe mainlandthe list of the countrys attractions.A.top B.shape C.lead D.show

2.The majorityof newbusinesses failbecause,they have a productor servicethat fillsa gapin themarket,they usuallylackthe skillsin sales,marketing,and administration.A.now that B.even ifC.as longas D.as though

3.The kitchenis oftenthe busiestroom in a household,so itsimportant tomake sureit well.A.smoothes B.functions C.pays D.measures

4.The wetweather willcontinue tomorrow,when acold frontto arrive.A.is expectedB.is expectingC.expects D.will beexpected

5.NASA hasmade athat ourearth hasno threatassociated withthe film2012which isbased onpure myths.A.clariflcation B.classiflcation C.identification D.presentation

6.—I*m goingto orderchicken andsalad.What aboutyou_.ril have the same.A.Vm afraidnot B.Ifs up to youC.That soundsgood to me.D.That depends

7.A quickreview ofsuccesses andfailures at the end of yearwill help you yearahead.A.sharpen B.switchC.stretch D.shape

8.The trafficis heavythese days.I arrivea bitlate,so couldyou saveme aplaceA.canB,mustC.needD.might

9.Justin abook abouthis adventuresin Tibet.I hopehe canfind agood publisherwhen it is finished.A.was writingB.is currentlywritingC.has alreadywrittenD.wrote

10.一Cathy,in myopinion,is very・、20A.suggestion B.difference C.progress D.decision第二节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

1.5151（分）（）（代

27.15Christmas isno funwhen yourepoor.Twenty yearsago,I wasa young,struggle substituteteacher课教师）whose callsinto workhad beenfew.Money wastight,bills weredue

2.my wifeand Icouldn^even affordto get（）Christmas giftsfor eachother.The onlygifts wecould getfor ourchildren werea fewsoft toysthat I had found

3.sell athalf（）price in the supermarket.I openedthe doorand broughtin the gifts I

4.hide inour oldcars trunk.Then Ihanded tomy son（包装）and daughter.I watchedwith asad smileas theydid theirbest totear offthe wrappingpaper.As theypulled outtheirtoys,though,I noticedtheir6・lit up and theyjumped upand down.My daughter7,（happy）hugged hertoy andthen huggedhermom andme as well.I laughedas Iwatched mychildren playwith theirtoys8^hours,and Ithanked Godfor the9^_（）great giftIhadever beengiven.Till todayI stilltreasure

10.gift ofpure lovethat myson anddaughter gaveme thatday.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分分）10（分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有处语言错误，

28.1010每句中最多有两处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号

（八），并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉修改在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

1、只允许修改处，多者（从第处起）不计分210H、Ive beenBritain for two yearsMy friendsin Chinasometime writeto me,asked mehow longIll stayhere,and whenPm、thinking of returning homeThe answerto theirquestion issimple:I donot knowhow to return homeAt themoment,I have、、no reasonto returnback toChina I like living in Britain:I enjoymeeting Britishpeople andtravel aroundthe countryIam expectedto have more chances to eat the British food My study is very interesting,and thereare somany thingsI didnt第二节书面表达（满分分）know aboutBritain thatI hopeto discoverit in the future14125（分）假设你是李华你的英国笔友杰克刚刚升入高中,但他一时无法适应新的校园生活，写信向你征求建议请

29.25你就此问题给他回一封信，内容主要把包括.不必过分焦虑；

1.制定合理的学习计划；

2.多参加集体活动，结交新朋友；参考词汇适应注意.词数左右；3adjust to

1100.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数3Dare Jack,I am sorry to hear that youre havingtrouble adjustingto yourhigh schoollife.Yours,Li Hua参考答案、1B

2、B

3、B、A

4、A

5、C6D、7D、8B、9A、10C、11D、12C、13B、14C、15B、16C、17C、18第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）

201.

530、19B、20B第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项40A BC D、、2B3A、4C、、221A、2D、3B、4B、、231B、2C、3D、4B、、241B、2C、3B、4D、、251C、2C、3A、4C第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的、、和L530A BC四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.D、、、、、、、、、、、261A2C3D4A5D6A7C8B9D10C、13C、14B、15D、16B、17D、18A、19C20B第二节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式L

5151、

271.struggling

2.so/and

3.sold

4.had hidden

5.them/thegifts

6.eyes/faces

7.happily

8.for

9.greatest

10.the第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分分）10Ive beenA Britainfortwoyears.My friendsin Chinasometime writetome,asked mehow insometimes askinglongLil stayhere,and whenIm thinkingofreturninghome.The answerto theirquestion isquestions simple:I donot knowhow删除to returnhome.At themoment,I haveno reasontoreturnbaek towhen backChina.IlikelivinginBritain:I enjoymeeting Britishpeople andtravel aroundthecountry.I amtravellingexpected to havemorechancestoeattheBritishfood.Mystudyisveryinteresting,and thereare expectingsomany thingsI didntknow aboutBritain thatI hopeto discoverit in the future.、28dont them第二节书面表达（满分分）

25、29Dear jackIamsorryto earthat youare havingtrouble adjustingto yourhigh schoollife.Many studentshavethesame problemwhenthey go to anew schoolso dontworry aboutit toomuch.Fm writingto offeryou someuseful advice.First,make agood planfor yourstudies.I thinkit willhelpyouget used to the new studyingenvironment in a shorttime.Second,make somefriends andtake anactive part in classactivities.In thisway youwont feellonely andyour schoollife willbecomecolorful andinteresting.I hopemy suggestionswill workwell with you.Yours,Li Hua一Absolutely!She prefershome lifeto goingout.A.domestic B.energeticC.dynamic D.enthusiastic

11.He couldntmake hisvoice abovethe noiseof thetraffic.A.tohearB.hearingC.heard D.hear

12.The conferenceaims todevelop business and letpeople thinkabout theycan havea positiveinfluence on theplanetA.why B.thatC.what D.how一

13.Bob sayshe willdraw lessonsfrom hisfailure andcontinue totry.—Im delightedthat hetake thatview.A.will B.may C.should D.could

14.—Alison,Pm sorry.I cantcome to the weddingwithyoutomorrow morning.—-My grandmawas severelyill,so Ihave tostay in the hospitalto lookafter her.A.How isit B.How comeC.So whatD.Whafs theproblem

15.I wonderthe equipmentwill be available inten days.A.thatB.whenC.whether D.where

16.Mark haslived inChina for many years,yet hestill canthimself tothe Chinesecustoms.A.observe B.adaptC.lead D.devote

17.The governmentis tothe technologiestothefull in the structuraltransformation of the economy.A.adapt B.exposeC・exploit D.attach

18.After theargument Colinran awayand since.A.Isn9t heard of B.wasnt heard ofC.hasnt beenheardofD.hadnt beenheardof

19.—Nowadays,buyers accustomedto pricesmoving upwardjust adopta wait-and-see attitude.-If theycontinue to,then ourcompany isclosing down.A.fish in the airB.sit on the fenceC.fly offthe handleD.beat aroundthe bush

20.—Hey!Everyone in the officewas atthe dinnerparty inhonor ofMr.Charles exceptyou.What happened—I afterMike,my colleague.He wasbadly ilLA.have lookedB.was lookingC.would lookD.had looked第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项40A BC D（分）（减速带）

21.6The Indiangovernment mayuse3D paintingsas virtualspeed breakerson majorhighways androads,in orderto checkspeeding andcareless driving,and finallymake itsdeadly roadsa littlesafer.HWe aretrying out3D paintingsusedas virtualspeed breakersto avoidunnecessary requirementsof speed breakers/1Indias transportminister NitinGadkariwrote.（视觉错觉）The opticalillusions aresupposed toencourage driversto slowdown automatically.Earlier,India hadorderedthe removalof allspeed breakersfrom highways,which areconsidered to beasafety hazardfor high-speed vehicles.India hasthehighest number of roadaccident deathsin theworld.According tothe WorldHealth Organisation,over200,000people arekilledby roadaccidents.The useof opticalillusions asspeed breakerswas firstpioneered in the Americancity ofPhiladelphia in2008,as partof acampaignagainst speedingmotorists.The techniquehas alsobeen triedout inChina tocreate floating3D crossings.In India,cities suchas Ahmedabadand Chennaihave alreadyexperimented with3D zebracrossings in the lastone year.In Ahmedabadforinstance,a motherand herdaughter,both artists,have painted3D crosswalksin the first fewmonths of

2016.The artistssaytheir mottois Htoincrease the attention ofdriversand thatthe concepthas beensuccessfully tested in accident-prone zonesona highway.However,critics arguethat oncedrivers knowthat thesespeed breakersare visualillusions,they mayignore them.Othersalso pointout thatIndias decisiondoes notconsider thesafety of a largenumberofpedestrians.In theend,the newpolicy maybejust onestep towardsimproving roadsafety.、1Why are3D paintingsused onmain highwaysand roadsA.To makethe surroundingsmore beautiful.B,To attracttheattentionof tourists.C.To reducethe rateof trafficaccidents.D.To showthe advancedtechnology.、2Which of the followingwords isclosest tothe meaningof“hazard”in paragraph

2、A.Reminder B.Threat C.Regulation D.Theory3What canwe learnfrom Paragraph3and4A.The useof opticalillusions asspeed breakersis controversialin India.B.Philadelphia is the secondplace touse virtualspeedbreakersintheUS.C.The ideatestedinAhmedabad recentlyhas beena failure.D.The newpolicy of3D zebracrossings mustbe carriedout.、4What do we knowabout3D zebracrossings from the textA.They canimmediately lowerthe deathrate.B.They havebeen widelyused inIndia sofar.C.They aredesigned toincrease driversattention.D.They arewelcomed byboth driversand pedestrians.22・（8分）A name is more than justa word.It carriesthe weightofa persons wholeidentity.A namecan representa（种族身份）persons ethnicityand culture,or show respect for their ancestralroots.A self-given namemay representa personsbeliefsor chosenidentity.Everyone hasthe rightto havetheir namepronounced correctly.It is a signof respect for apersons individuality.“Apersons nameis tohim orher thesweetest andmost importantsound inany language,Dale Carnegiewrites inhis bookHow（英语化），to WinFriends andInfluence People.Behind eachnameisa story,and whena nameis anglicizedmispronounced,or ignored,that storyis dismissed.A namemispronounced for a longtime cannegatively impactapersonsattitude towardtheir ownidentity.It cancreatefeelings of shame orembarrassment becausethey aremade tofeel likea burden.In thelong term,this mightcause someonetodistance themselvesfrom their roots.They may begin shyingaway from their nativelanguage,culture,and familyfor thesakeof flttingin.In orderto avoidthis,many internationalstudents livingintheU.S.choose Englishnames.People shouldnthave toignoretheir identitiesfor thesake ofsomeone elsesconvenience.Everyone makesmistakes,and noteveryone canget a name rightonthefirst try.Mispronouncing aname repeatedly,however,shows alack ofeffort.It isnot okaytobecomfortable withmispronouncing names,and beingunfamiliar with alanguage isno excuse.If youreunsure whetheryoure pronouncinganamecorrectly,just ask.Think ofit asa wayto expand and strengthenunderstanding,both personallyand culturally.When meetingsomeone forthefirst time,make surethatyouheard the namecorrectly.It doesnttake alot tosimply repeatthenameback.Spell itout Writeit down.Do whateveryou haveto doto getthe（文化素name right.Making theeffort tocorrectly pronouncesomeones nameis anessential partof culturalcompetency养）.Without this,we cannotexpect toshowrespectand tolerancefor ourdiverse community.、1What maya personasname tellusA.His culturalbackground.B.His physicalappearance.C.His favoritesound.D.His attitudeto life.、2Whafs thelong-term influenceof mispronouncingones nameA.The feelingofshamemaybecaused.B.The person may feelover-burdened.C.The characterof thepersonmaychange.D.The personmay tryto hidehis roots.A・It isunavoidable.B.It isunacceptable.C.It strengthensfriendship.D.It showsdiscrimination.、4Whaf sthe lastparagraph mainlyaboutA.How toshow ourrespectforothers.B.How to avoid mispronouncingnames.C.How toimprove ourpronunciation.D.How tolive harmoniouslyinacommunity.、3What doesthe writerthink ofmispronouncing aname repeatedly（分）

23.8For people,many otheranimals,family matters.Consider how many jobsgotorelatives.Or howan antwill•（入侵的）cruelly attackintrudei antsbut rescueinjured,closely relatednest-mates.There aregood evolutionaryreasons toaidrelatives,after all.Now,it seems,family feelingsmay stirin plantsas well.A Canadianbiologist plantedthe seedof the idea more than adecade ago,but manyplant biologistsregarded itas（家族），heretical-plants lackthe nervoussystems thatenable animalsto recognizekin sohow canthey knowtheir relativesButwithaseries ofrecent findings,the beliefthat plantsreally docare for their mostgenetically closepeers-inaquiet,plantyway-is takingroot.Some speciescontrol howfar theirroots spread,others changehowmanyflowers theyproduce,and a few（倾斜）tilt orshift their leaves tominimize shadingof neighboringplants,favoring relatedindividuals.“We needto recognizethat plantsnot onlysense whetherits lightor darkor if theyve beentouched,but alsowhom theyareinteracting withJ saysSusan Dudley,a plantevolutionary ecologist,whose earlyplant kinrecognition studiessparked theinterestof manyscientists.Beyond broadeningviews ofplant behavior,thenewwork mayhaveapractical side.In September2018,a teamin Chinareportedthat riceplanted withkin growsbetter,a findingthat suggestedfamily tiescan beusedtoimprove cropyields.wItseems anytimeanyone looksfor it,they finda kineffect,”says AndreKessler,a chemicalecologist atCornell University.、1Why areants mentionedinthefirst paragraphA.To showhow cruelants areto theirenemies.B.To layfoundation fortheideaof plants9family feelings.C.To introducethe topicof howfamily mattersto animals.D・To explainwhy peopleusually givemore jobsto their relatives.

2、Which of the followingwords hasthe closestmeaning tothe underlinedword“heretical”？A.Indescribable.B.Understandable.C.Impossible.D.Traditional.

3、What maybe theplants9way ofexpressing theircare forrelativesA.They stopproducing flowerstoavoidcompetition.B.They spreadtheirrootsfar soas toprotect theirpeers.C・They carefortheirinjured peersby silentlytaking roots.D.They movetheir leavesto sharesunlight withtheir closepeers.、4What can be inferredfromthetextA.Different plantsmustnt beplanted together.B.Corn planted with corncan producemorethanthat withrice.C・China hasput theidea intowide practiceand achievedgreat success.D.The closerrice isplantedwiththeirrelativesthe morethey willproduce.（分）

24.8Fascinating VeniceLocatedinthenortheast ofItaly,Venice iswell-known forits culturaltreasures,romantic atmosphereand unusualliving-on-water experience.The cityspreads outover118islands,which are linked bymorethan400bridges,intheVenetianLagoon.Venices historicalcenter consistsof sixregions.Italy inthe south,the busiestmain regions,arelinkedby theRialto Bridge.The famousstone archbridge crossesVenices mainwaterway-the Grand Canal.When nightfalls,many touristsenjoy dinnerattheoutside tablesby theGrandCanalwhilewatching colorfullylit boatsgoing by.（镶嵌图案）Near theendof the S-shaped GrandCanal liesSt.Marks Basilica,a must-see.Inside,beautiful mosaicstellstories ofBible figures.Nearby arethe DogesPalace andthe Bridge of Sighs.These weremade famousby LordByron,stood inVeniceonthe Bridgeof Sighs,a palaceand prisonon eachhand.The storyhas itthat ifa couplepasses underthe bridge,theirlove willlast forever.In thesquare outsidethe Basilica,lovers ofliterature cansit atCaffe Florian,regarded asthe oldestcoffee,house inEurope.Charles Dickens,Henry Jamesaswellas LordByron enjoyedthe drinkhere.Art loversshould buya museumpass andvisit someof thecitys museums.They canview worksby Venetianmasters likeGiovanni,Titian andTintoretto.On fivesmall islandsintheVenetian Lagoon；,Murano hasbeen hometo glass-makers since

1291.Tourists canvisitfactories,studios andthe GlassMuseum.Glass artistsproduce everythingfrom simplesouvenir piecesto beautifulworks ofcontemporaryart.Only glassworksmade usingtraditional methodson Muranocan becalled MuranoGlass.The nearbyisland ofBurano isfamous forlace makingand colorfulhouses.Looking atthe colorfulhouses and（万花筒似的）kaleidoscopic streetsmakes peoplefeel asif theywere walkinginthefairy tale.The Cityof Waterpromises beautyof allkinds,and itdefinitely livesuptoits promise.、1Why doesthe authormention LordByrons wordsA.To introducethe famousBritish poet.B.To explainwhy thetwo placesare famous.C.To showwhy St.Marks Basilicaisamust-see.D.To comparethe DogesPalace andtheBridgeof Sighs.、2What isMurano well-known forA.Bridges B.Lace makingC.Glassworks D.Colorful houses、3Where shouldyou goin Veniceif youlove artA.Caffe FlorianB.The citysmuseumsC.St.Marks BasilicaD.The BridgeofSighs、4How doesthe authorthink ofMurano GlassA.Ifs simpleB.It9s tootraditionalC.If scolorful D.If svery special（分）

25.10The worldsrichest manmight seemtohaveit all,but Bill Gates hasone regret.The self-made billionairesaidhe feltstupid fornot knowingany foreignlanguages.（红迪网）,Speaking inhis thirdAsk MeAnything question-and-answer sessionfor onlineforum Redditthe Microsoftfoundersaid that he wishedhe spokeFrench,Arabic orChinese.He said:I tookLatin andGreek inhigh schooland gotA5sandI guessit helpsmy vocabulary.I keephoping toget timetostudy oneof these-probably Frenchbecause itistheeasiest Idid Duolingoforawhile butdidnt keepit up.”Gates,who isworth$

79.3billion,praised Facebookfounder MarkZuckerberg forsurprising anaudience inBeijing whenhespoke fluentChinese.uMark Zuckerbergamazingly learnedChinese anddid aQA with Chinese students-unbelievable,isnt it”he saidThisisnt thefirsttimefor Gatesto admithis regretover language.He alsoshowed hishabits at home andpersonalinsights.Last February,Gates saidhe likesto dothe disheshimself-to hisown specialstandards everynight andalso toldthe（传记片）.interviewer thathis wife,Melinda,would likelywant SamuelL.Jackson toplay herhusband ina biopicHealso admittedthathewould pickupa$100bill ifhe foundit onthe street.（福布斯）As hetook thetop spoton Forbes28th AnnualBillionaires listlast yearforthefourth time,he saidhe is（球拍）pretty basicwhen itcomes tospending onclothes andfood,but thathe enjoysinvesting inshoes andracquetswhen heplaystennis.When askeda lifelesson hehad tolearn thehard way,the billionairesaid stayingup toolate isa habithe isstill tryingtobreak.Dont stayup toolate evenifthebook isreally exciting.You willregret itinthemorning.Pam stillworking onthisproblem.he said.、1Which ofthe followingcanbethe besttitle forthe passageA.An Interviewwith Bill Gates B.How Bill Gates SucceededC.Bill Gates5Regret D.The RichestBillionaire

2、The underlinedpartinParagraph8may actuallymean that・A.itisimportant tolay agood foundationof lifeB.food and clothing arebasic needsfor peopleslifeC.he doesntspend muchmoney onfood andclothesD.he nevercares aboutbuying foodandclothing、3What advicedid Bill Gates giveA・Avoid stayingup toolate.B.Be agood languagelearner.C.Do thedishes yourselfathome.D.Pick up the$100bills inthe streets.、4Which ofthe followingis trueaccording tothe passageA.BillGatesis alsothe founderof Facebook.B.BillGatestopped thelistofForbes28times.C.BillGateswas goodat learninglanguages inhigh school.D.BillGates9wife wantsSamuel toplay agame withGates.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的、、和L530A BC D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.（分）

26.30An oldman hadbeen workingformanyyears fora town.His jobwas toclear awaynatural wastefromthepoolwater inthe hills,which madeup thelovely riverflowing throughthe townnearby.Quietly and1,the oldmanguarded the hills,2the leavesand branches,and cleanedupthedirt thatwould have3and pollutedthe freshflow of（天鹅）water.The townsoon becamea popularattraction fortourists.Elegant swansfloated alongthe clearriver andthe viewwasso beautiful4words.Years passed.One eveningthe town5met Asthey reviewedthe budget,one man^s6caught sightofthesalary7being paidtothe seldomseen keeper ofthe river.He asked,“Who isthe oldman Whydow8toemploy himNo onein townever9him.For allwe know,the strangekeeper ofthe hillsisnt doinghis job.His positionisnt10any longer.Then theyvoted to11the man.For severalweeks,nothing changed....By earlyautumn,the treesbegan to12theirleaves.Small branchesbroke offand fellinto thepools ofthehills,___________13the flowoftheshining water.One afternoon,someone noticeda slightyellowish-brown14intheriver.A fewdays later,thewater wasmuch15Within anotherweek,an oilysomething coveredsome sectionsofthewateralong thebanks,andaterrible16was soonsensed.Swans leftand sodid the17The onlything thatwas nowvisitingthe villagewas diseaseand sickness.Quickly,the18town committeecalled aspecial meeting.Realizing theirhuge errorin19they rehiredthe oldkeeperofthe riveragain,and withinafewweeks,theriverbegan toclear up.Swans andtourists cameback againand newlife returnedto thesmalltown inthe Alps.Never ignorethe seemingsmallness ofa task,job orlife.They mayall makea

201、A.regularly B.suddenly C.naturally D.actually2^A.cut B.burned C.removed D.selected

3、A.carried B・poured C.changed D・blocked、4A.beyond B.withC.in D.after

5、A.office B・association C.department D.committee、6A.eye B.care C.hand D.mind、7A.list B.form C.figure D.account、8A.promise B.continue C.stop D.tend、9A.visits B.hires C.tells D.sees、10A.powerful B.important C.necessary D.suitable、11A.find B.fire C.support D.forgot、12A.lose B.miss C.fall D.grow、13A.pulling B.speeding C.slowing D.pushing

14、A.fish B・color C.flower D.leaf、15A.deeper B,cooler C.warmer D.darker、16A.sound B.smell C.wave D.taste17A.managers B.passengers C.villagers D.tourists、18A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.discouraged D.diappointed

19、A.arrangement B.assignment C.judgement D・amusement。