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湖南省桃江县第一中学2023-2024学年高三英语第一学期期末达标测试试题注意事项答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上
1.用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角”条形码粘贴处作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点
2.2B涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案答案不能答在试题卷上非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内
3.相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答无效考生必须保证答题卡的整洁考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
4.第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）
201.
5301.Despite theknowledge hehas accumulated,He Jiangcontinues to be troubledby thequestionof theunequal ofscientific knowledgethroughout the world.A.advocate B.distributionC.allocation D.division
2.I aflu whenI wason aspring outingwith myclassmate.A.caught upB.picked upC.took upD.brought up
3.He workedin acar factoryfor fouryears,he foundedhis owncompany in his hometown.A.after which B.after whenC.after thatD.after it
4.When he was runningafter hisbrother,the boylost his and hada badfall.A.balance B.chanceC.memory D.place
5.a bike,she cycledhome.A.Bought B.To buyC.Being boughtD.Havingbought
6.“They didnttake measuresin time,otherwise theexplosions,some expertssaid.A.wouldn9t happenB.didnt happenC.wouldnt havehappened D.mustn9t havehappened
7.enough money,the youngman wasunable tobuy hisgirlfriend expensivejewelry.、4What canwe inferfrom thispassageA.More effectivemedicine willbe produced.
8.Drug trialson labmice willbe abandoned.
9.China is the firstcountry to have cloned monkeys.
10.China willstay aheadof the world incloning.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文,从
1.530短文后各题所给的、、和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.A BC D（分）
26.30Eleven-year-old Angelahad somethingwrong withher nervoussystem.She wasunableto・In fact,she couldhardly makeany.Although shebelieved that she hada chanceofrecovering,the doctors said that,if any,couldcome back to normalafter gettingthis disease.Having heardthis,the littlegirl was not・There,lying inher hospitalbed,she thatno matterwhat thedoctorssaid,her goingbacktoschool was・She wasmoved toa specializedhealth center,and whatevermethod couldbe triedwas used.Still she would not•It seemedthat she was・The doctorswere allfond ofher andtaught heraboutthat shecould makeit.Every dayAngela wouldliethere,doing hermental exercise.One day,shewasimagining herlegs movingagain,it seemedas thougha miraclehappened:The bedbegan to!”Look,what Imdoing!Look!I cando it!I moved!I moved!she.Of course,at thisvery momenteveryone elsein thehospital was.More importantly,theywere runningsafety.People werecrying,and equipmentwas•You see,it was an earthquake.But dontthat toAngela.She hasthatshedid it,just asshe hadnever doubtedthatshewouldrecover.And nowonly afew yearslater,shes backin school.You see,tosuch aperson whocan_____the earth,such adisease is a smallproblem,isnt it、1A.see B.hear C.talk D.walk、2A.progress B.difference C.movement D.achievement、3A.poor B.good C.little D.special、4A.few B.all C.some D.most、5A.satisfied B.delighted C.surprised D.discouraged、6A.insisted B.sighed C.feared D.promised、7A.true B.doubtful C.certain D.impossible
8、A.get upB.give upC・turn upD.stand up
9、A.disappointed B.proud C.troubled D.undefeatable、B.expecting C.pretending D.imagining10A.thinkingB.madly C.carefully D.faithfully11A.sadlyB.since C.after D.before12A.as、B.move C-roll D.speak13A.fly、B.wondered C.screamed D.recovered14A.jumpedB.pleased C.annoyed D.encouraged、15A.frightenedB.by C.for D.with、16A.inB.falling C・missing D.gathering、17A.risingB.do C・give D.show、18A.tellB.supposed C.believed D.discovered、19A.noticedB.shock C.shake D.save、20A.push第二节每小题分，满分分阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内
1.5151单词的正确形式分
27.15Im JanHasek,old minerfrom theCzech Republic.In April
194512.hearsomething explodeat midnighLIgot up and3,runoutside.The soundcame fromamine4,hadnt beenused fora longtime.Suddenly I saw someGerman soldiers
5.the lightofthe moon.They
6.take woodenboxes fromtrucks andputting themin the mine.（）A weeklater Idecided7,go andsee for myself.To mysurprise theentrancesthe（）mine wasclosed.Some peoplesay that the Amber Room andsome gold
9.bury in themine.I（）think itmight beso,as theAmberRoomhas never10,find,第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分分）10（分）假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下
28.10作文文中共有处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改10删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号
（八），并在该词下面写出该加的词修改在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词注意、每处错误及修改均仅限一词
1、只允许修改处，多者（从处起）不计分210n只允许修改处，多者（从第处起）不计分1011Dear Bob,Im sorryto tellyou that I cannotgo to the bookstorewith youon thisSunday,becausesomething unluckyoccurred tome in the PEclass yesterday、I wasplaying basketballwith myfriends whileI jumpedhighly to catch theball、Another studentstruck meon aleg accidentally,that mademe breakmy legThe situationmadeeveryone nervousHowever,I wassent to the nearesthospital assoon aspossibleTheNdoctor suggestedthatIrested untilnext FridayI hopethe changewill notcause youtoomuch troublesShall Igo onnext Saturdaymorning Wecan setout earlyso that well havemore timereadand selectbooks Yours,Li Hua第二节书面表达（满分分）
2529.（25分）假如你是李华，你校即将举行一年一度的“校园书市（acampus bookfair）”活动，其目的是给同学们提供一个交换、利用图书的机会请你用英语写信给你的加拿大笔友介绍此次活动的有关情况内容应括Mike,活动目的；
1.活动内容买书，卖书，交换图书；
2.活动意义
3.注意词数左右；
1.100可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数
3.Dear Mike,How areyou doingthese daysYours,Li Hua参考答案第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）20L
530、1B、2B、3A、4A、5D、6C、7C、8D、9B、10D、11A、12B、13B、14B、15A、16B、17C、18D、19A、20C第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，40A BC D选出最佳选项、、211B、2A、3D、4C、、221D、2C、3B、2A、3C、4D、选项24Billy Wilder—a BestMovie Maker、、251B、2C、3C、4A第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文,从
1.530短文后各题所给的、、和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.A BC D、、261D、2C、3B、4A、5D、6A、7C、8B、9D、10D、11D、12A、13B、14C、15A、16C、17B、18A、19C、20C第二节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号
1.5151内单词的正确形式
2.heard
3.ran
4.that/which
5.by
6.were taking
7.to go
8.to
9.were buried
10.been found第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分分）
10、去掉281on、2while™when、一3highly high、一4a the、5that™which、6However-Therefore、7rested-rest、8troubles—trouble、9I--we、在后加10time to第二节书面表达（满分分）
25、29Dear Mike,How areyou doingthese daysAimedat providinga platformwhere studentscan havea chanceto exchangeand makeuseof theirbooks,the annualcampus bookfair willsoon beheld inour school.The fairwillattract ahuge crowdfrom theentire school,who areto sell,purchase andexchange theirbookswith theirpeers.As aregular visitor,Fve foundmyself increasinglydrawn by the fair.For onething,thefair exhibitsbooks ofhundreds oftypes ondiverse topics,motivating usto furtherdevelopour readinghabits and helping tobroaden ourhorizons.For another,most booksare soldata lowerprice thanwhat thebookstores offer.Please letme knowif youhave anysuggestions onhow tohost sucha bookfairbetter.Yours,Li HuaA.Not tosave B.Not savingC.Not havingsaved D.Not saved
8.Id adviseanyone toput asidea proportionof theirearnings_・A.nothing greatis easyB.nothing comesfrom nothingC.a badpenny alwaysturns upD.a pennysaved isa pennyearned
9.To tellthe truth,I didntexpect that there wereso manypeople theidea.A.supported B.supporting C.to supportD.having supported
10.It aSaturday afternoonin MayMargaret couldarrange forme tomeether elder,sister.A.was until;when B.was until;thatC.was notuntil;when D.was notuntil;that
11.He would be inbetter healthnow withtoo muchwork whenyoung.A.had henot burdened himself B.if hewas not burdenedC.were henotburdenedD.had henot beenburdenedhimself
12.at thedifferences betweenher cultureand theirs,Annie wantedto returnhome.A.Confusing B.ConfusedC.Having confusedD.To confuse
13.Leaders ofmany countrieshave beentrying towhat itis thatmakes Chinadevelop sofastin recentyears.A.carry outB.figure outC.watch outD.make out
14.When itcomes toin public,no onecan matchhim.A.speak B・speaking C.being spokenD.be spoken一
15.The filmis,I haveto say,not abit interesting.一Why Itsthan thefilms Ihave everseen.A.far moreinteresting B.much lessinterestingC.no moreinteresting D.any lessinteresting
16.Decades ago,scientists believedthat howthe braindevelops whenyou area kiddeterminesyour brainstructure for the restof yourlife.A.sooner orlaterB.more orless C.to andfrom D.upanddown（令和）
17.The reignof thenext Japaneseemperor willbe knownas Reiwa”era,in namethecharacter for“harmony”is included.A.whichB.whatC.whose D.as
18.and theywill finishoff thechallenging job.A.In aweek B.A weeklater C.After aweek D.Another week
19.—Did Maxgo totheconcert withhis familyyesterday一The reportscheduled to be handedin tomorrow,he it.A.couldn^have attendedB.needn,t haveattendedC.wouldnt attendD.shouldnt attend
20.Last DecemberChina100Chinese and10foreigners for their outstandingcontributionstothecountrys reformand opening-up.A.distinguished B.sponsoredC.acknowledged D.evaluated第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，40A BC D选出最佳选项（分）（驯化）
21.6The Domesticationof CatsForcenturies,the commonview ofhow domesticationhad occurredwas thatprehistoricpeople,realizing howuseful itwouldbetohaveanimals keptfor food,began catchingwild（繁殖）（驯养）animals and breeding them.Over time,by allowingonly animalswith“tame”characteristics toproduce theirbabies,human beingscreated animals that wereless wildandmore dependentupon people.Eventually thisprocess ledtothedomestic farmanimals andpetsthatwe know today,having losttheir ancientsurvival skillsand naturalabilities.Recent researchsuggests thatthis viewof domesticationis incomplete.Prehistorichuman beingsdid catchand breeduseful wildanimals,but specialistsin animalbehavior nowthinkthat domestication wasnotsimply something people did to animals—the animalsplayedan activepart in the process.Wolves andwild horses,for example,may havetaken the firststeps in their owndomestication byhanging aroundhuman settlements,feeding onpeoplescrops andgetting used to humanactivity.The animalswhich werenot toonervous orfearfulto livenear peopleproduced theirbabies that also toleratedhumans,making iteasier forpeopletocatchandbreedthem.In thisversion,people succeededindomesticating onlyanimalsthathad alreadyadaptedeasily tolife aroundhumans.Domestication requiredan animalthat waswilling to becomedomestic.The processwas morelike adance withpartners thana victoryof humansoveranimals.At firstglance,the lamingof catsseems tofit nicelyinto thisnew storyof domestication.A traditionaltheory saysthat afterprehistoric peoplein Egyptinvented agricultureandstarted farming,rats andmice gatheredto feaston theirstored grain.Wildcats,in turn,gathered at the sameplaces tohunt andeat therats andmice.Over time,cats gotused to people andpeople gotusedtocats.Some studiesof wildcats,however,seem tocallthis theoryinto question.Wildcats dontshare huntingand feedingareas,and theydontlive closeto people.Experts donot knowwhether wildcats were partnersin theirowndomestication.They doknow thatlong afterpeople hadacquired domesticdogs,sheep andhorses,they somehowacquired domesticcats.Gradually theyproduced animalswithincreasingly tamequalities.、1What issuggested inrecent researchA・Animals wereless afraidthan thoughtB.Animals hadan activerole in their domestication.C.Wolves andhorses werethe firsttobedomesticated.D.Domestication meantsomethingpeopledidtoanimals.、2The word“dance”is usedin Paragraph3to showthatA.animals andhumans werecloseB.control overanimals waseasyC.animals wereindependent ofhumansD.domesticationwas like agame、3What probablyattracted catsto humansettlementsA.Other cats.B.Warmth.C.Humans.D.Food、4What causesa problemfor thetheory thatcatsweredomesticated likewolves wasA.Cats werenot friendlytopeople.B・Cats werenot asfierce aswolves.C.Cats had the characteristicof independence.D.Cats showedcleverness whenthey werehunting.（分）
22.8Baseball was always wheremy heartlay.However,my fatherdid notcare forbaseball.Two recreationalactivities heenjoyed weregolfing andfishing,neither ofwhich Iconsidereda realsport.He didnttalk muchand hewasnt goodat expressinghimself.Frankly,I wasntentirely certainhe caredabout me.In away,my fatherwaslikea familiarstrangerIsawevery day.One day,watching theplay ontelevision mademe wanta gloveof myown.To mysurprise,my fathersaid hewanted one,too.He wason theportly side,but thenagain,（投手）one of the famouspitchers onthe Metswas evenfatter.So Ithought,why notWebought twogloves,and thatevening,he suggestedwe goout tothe courtyardand（掷）toss theball around.Id alreadypracticed catchingand throwingat school,but Icouldtell thiswas the first timeformyfather,because everytime hecaught theball,it landeddirectlyinhis palm.If youveever caughta ballwith a baseball glove,you knowhow muchthishurts.（龊牙咧嘴）.But myfather caughtball afterball thisway.Slap!Slap!He wincedAfterabout fiveminutes,I toldhim Idhad enough.It wasntout ofmercy,but formy ownself-interest.Neighborhood kidswere watchingand wouldno doubttease melater forhavingan oldman whodidnt knowhow toproperly catchabaseballdo that.When myfather tooktheglove off,hispalmwas redand swollen.Dad,who passedaway11years ago,never toldme heloved me.But thatsound ofthebaseball landinginthesoft fleshof hishand,over andover again—it spokeits owntenderlanguage,though atthe time,all Ifelt wasshame.、1What doesthe underlinedword“portly”mean inParagraph2A.Experienced.B.Cool.C.Famous.D.Fat.、2What canwe learnfrom thepassageA.The fatherdidnt feelhurt whencatching thebalkB.The fatherdidnt understandhis childat all.C.The authordidnt realizehis fatherslove for him backthen.D.The authorcriticized hisfather whenplaying baseballtogether.、3What couldbe the best titlefor thepassageA.A CryingShame forBaseballB.Saying“I LoveYou”with BaseballC.A LovingFather andHis SonD.Living aHappy Lifewith Baseball（分）（）
23.8While elephantsborn without tusks-^^are notunheard of,they normallyformjust2to6percent ofthe population.However,that isnot thecase atMozambiquesGorongosa National Park,where anastonishing33percent offemale elephantsborn afterthecountrys civilwar endedin1992are tuskless.While thatmay appeartobejust acoincidence,Joyce Poole,an elephantbehavior expert,has anothertheory.The researcherthinks wemay bewitnessing unnaturalevolution ofthe speciesdue totheconstant huntingof elephantsfor valuableivory.Poole saysbefore thecountrys15-year-long civilwar,the100,000-acre parkwas hometoover4,000elephants.However,bythetime theconflict endedin1992,about90percent of（武器）them hadbeen killedfor ivoryto helpfinance weaponsand meatto feedthe soldiers.Of theless than200survivors,over50percent of adult femaleshad notusks*Therefore,it isnotsurprising thatthe parkstuskless elephantpopulation hasgrown greatly.This isnot the first timeresearchers haveobserved agreat changeinthepopulation ofelephants.At ZambiasSouth LuangwaNational Parkand Lupande Game ManagementAreaareas whichwere heavilyhunted inthe1970sand1980s,35%of elephants25years or2older and13%of thoseyounger than25are nowwithouttusks.A2008study publishedin theAfricanJournal ofEcology foundthatthenumber of tuskless femalesattheRuaha NationalParkin Tanzaniawent from
10.5percent in1969to almost40percent in1989,largely duetoillegal huntingfor ivory.The recentban onivory inboth theUS andChina shouldhelp getrid of,or atleastreduce,elephant hunting.However,scientists arenot surehow longit willtake forelephantswith ahigher rateoftusklessfemales,to changethe trend.、1What is the probablecause ofthe phenomenonmentioned inParagraph1A.Illegal hunting.B.Constant farming.C.A purecoincidence.D・Natural evolution.、2Why didpeople killso manyelephants duringthe civilwar inMozambiqueA.To getfunds byselling ivory.B.To developnew weapons.C.To providefood forlocal people.D.To makeivory products.、3Which ofthe followinghadtheearliest recordon tusklesselephants A.GorongonsaNational Park.B.South LuangwaNational Park.C.The RuahaNationalPark.D.LupandeGameManagement Area.、4What doesthe underlinedphrase“the trend^inthelast paragraphrefer toA,Elephantsfacing greaterdanger.B.Elephants growingmore slowly.C.Fewer femaleelephants stayingalive.D.More femaleelephants beingtuskless.（分）
24.8Many expertssay thatBilly Wilderchanged thehistory of American movies.He isoften calledthebestmovie makerHollywood hasever had.He wasknown formakingmovies thatoffered sharpsocial comment.Wilder wasone ofthe firstdirectors todo this.Billy Wilderwas born in1906intheformer Austro-Hungarian Empire.Billy Wilderstartedlaw schoolin Vienna,Austria.However,he beganreporting fora Viennanewspaperafter graduation.By the1920s,hewaswriting moviesin Germany.However,the Nazishadrisen topower inthe nation.Wider wasJewish,andherecognized thathe hadno futureinNazi Germany.In1933,he wentto Paris.There hedirected a movie forthefirst time.It wascalleduThe BadSeed”.Then hereceived wordthat producersintheUnited Stateshadaccepted oneof hisscripts.Billy Wilderleft Europefor America.In Americahe formeda writingteam withCharles Brackett.The twowriters createdmanyfilms together.Wilder andBrackett wroteseveral successful movies.One was thenineteen thirty-nine movie,“Ninotchka”,starring GretaGarbo.Ernst Lubitschdirected thefilm.Wilder alwayspraised thisman asa friendand teacherwhose humorand expertdirectiongreatly influencedhis works.In1954,Billy Wilderbecame anindependent producer.The nextyear,Wilders firstmovieas anindependent filmmakerwasahuge success.It was“The SevenYear Itch”.In1959,Wilder madea funnymovie thatwas verypopular.LA.L.Diamond joinedWilder inwriting“Some LikeIt Hot”.By the1980s,Wilder nolonger wasconsidered themost unusual,creative movie-makerin Hollywood.In recentyears,however,Billy Wilderreceived manymore awardsand honors.Critics praisedhis giftsto moviemaking.In1987,the Academyof MotionPicture ArtsandSciences gavehim theIrving G.Thalberg MemorialAward.It isthe highestaward aproducercan receive.、1Which isWilders firstsuccessfulmovieasanindependent filmmakerA.NinotchkaB.The BadSeedC.Some LikeIt HotD.The SevenYear Itch、2What canweknowabout Wilderaccording tothe textA.He intendedtobea lawyerat first.B.He starredamovieforthefirsttimein Paris.C.He isthefirstdirector tomake realisticmovies.D.He has been acceptedasthemost creativemovie-maker.、3Why didWilder leaveGermanyA.He wasJewish andcouldnt developthere.B.The Naziswere searchingforhimeverywhere.C.He wasinvited toproduce hisscript inAmerica.D.He expectedto goto Paristo forma writingteam.、4What wouldbe thebest titleforthetextA.The Makerof HistoryofAmericanMoviesB.Billy Wilder-a BestMovie MakerC.An AutobiographyofaDirectorD.The BestDirector andProducer（分）
25.10China becamethefirstcountry toclone a monkey usingnon-reproductivecells,reducing theneed tobreed labmonkeys andpaving theway formore accurate,effectiveand affordableanimal testsfor newdrugs,scientists saidon Thursday.By December,the Instituteof NeuroscienceoftheChinese Academyof Scienceshad（猱猴）created twoclone macaquesnamed^Zhong Zhongand HuaHua”by nucleartransferringof somaticcells（体细胞）・anycell inthe organismother thanreproductive cells.Tetra,amonkeybornin1999,istheworlds firstclonedmonkey,but itwas doneby（胚胎分割）；using asimpler methodcalled embryosplitting butit couldonly generatefourcloned offspringatatime andcannot begenetically changedto suitthe experimentalneed.Cloning amonkey usingsomatic cellshasbeena world-class challengebecause itisa（灵长类）primate thatshares itsgenetic makeup,and thereforeall ofits complexity,withhumans.For drugand otherlab tests,scientists haveto purchasemonkeys fromall overtheworld,which iscostly andbad forthe environment,and producesinaccurate resultsbecause eachmonkey might have different genes.By cloningmonkey usingsomatic cells,we canmassively cultivatelarge numbersofgenetically identicaloffspring ina shortamount oftime,and wecan evenchange theirgenesto suitour needs.This cansave time,cut downexperiment costs,and producemore accurateresults,leading tomore effectivemedicine.Sun Qiang,director ofthe non-human primateresearch facilityattheinstitute,said mostofthe drugtrials arecurrently doneon labmice.However,drugs thatwork onmice mightnotwork oreven havesevere sideeffects onhumans becausethe twospecies areso different“Monkeys andhumans areboth primates,so theyare muchclosely relatedand testingonmonkeys issupposed tobe aseffective astesting onhumans Jhe said.This isespecially（神经的）useful intesting drugsfor neuraldiseases suchas Parkinsonsdisease,metabolic（代谢综合症）syndrome andimmune systemdiseases,and tumors,he added.“This achievementwill helpChina leadtheworldresearch inthe internationalscienceprojects relatedto neuralmapping ofprimate brains,nhe said.HHowever,bio labsfrom theUnitedStates,Japan,and Europeancountries arealso verycapable,and theywill quicklycatchup withChina afterthe monkeycloning technologyis madepublic,HSun added.“This meanswe haveto innovatecontinuously andwork extrahard thisyear tostayahead/*hesaid.、1Which ofthe followingisthemost importantfactor incloning macaquesnamed“ZhongZhong”and nHuaHua”？A.Reproductive cells.B.Somatic cellsC.Neural mapping.D.Genetic makeup、2Why iscloning monkeysso difficultA.Because itis badfor ourenvironment.B.Because eachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.C.Because monkeys*genetic makeupis ascomplicated ashumans.D.Because itis tooexpensive towork ontheir geneticmakeup.、3What isthe mainidea ofParagraph8A.The curefor neuraldiseases.B.The processof cloningmonkeys.C・The signiflcanceof cloningmonkeys.D.The closerelations betweenmonkeys andhumans.。
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