甘肃省白银市第八中学2023年高三英语第一学期期末监测试题含解析

甘肃省白银市第八中学2023年高三英语第一学期期末监测试题请考生注意请用铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢L2B

0.5笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题

2.第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）

201.

5301.It wasin December,2018Chairman Xiand PresidentTrump metinArgentina.A.when B.thatC.before D.since

2.your generoushelp,I dobelieve Ihave abetter understandingof yourcountry andculture.A.But for B.Out ofC.Thanks toD.As to

3.WeUl goearly.,we maynot geta seat.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.However D.Besides

4.Despite theknowledge hehas accumulated,He Jiangcontinues to be troubledby thequestionof theunequal ofscientific knowledgethroughout the world.A.advocate B.distributionC.allocation D.division

5.Catherine camehome happily,which suggestedthat shethe Analexam.A.had passedB.pass C.would passD.should pass

6.When thequestions gotpersonal duringthe talkshow,the actressin tearsasshe openedup about the woundsshe suffered.A.broke upB.broke downC.broke outD.broke through

7.Was itat the beginning youmade thepromise youwould doall tohelpmake itA.that;that B.when;thatC.that;when D.when;when

8..Paula waiteduntil all the luggagewas cleared,hers neverappeared.A.orB.so C.as D.but

9.children believethey cansucceed,they willnever becometotally independent.A.If B.Since C.Unless D.Though

10.Theyve seenmany famousscholars in the conference.How Iwish Iit!pages,As shestarted readingthe listof thelittle annoyances,she noticed10were startingtoappear in her husbandseyes.Whats wrong^she askedNothing Jthe husband replied11reading yourlist JThe wife continuedto readuntil she had readall three12to herhushand.“Now,Its your13and thenwell talkabout the things onboth ofour lists,she saidhappily14the husbandstated“I donthave anythingon mylist,I shinkyou are15the waythat youare,I dontwant youto changeanything for me,I wouldntwant totry and16anythingabout you.”Thewife,17by hishonesty and the depthof hislove forher andhis18ofher,turned herhead andwept.In lire,there areenough timeswhen we are disappointed.Depressed and annoyed,We dontreallyhave to go19them.We havea wonderfulworld thatis rullof beautyJight andpromistEhy notsee the20things beforeus、、、、l^A houseB decorationC ceremonyD church、、、、、2A attractiveB nervousC seriousD strict、、、、、3A mannerB loveC attitudeD behavior、、、、、4A preparation B commitmentC shameD suggestion、、、5A annoyingB excitingC interestingD puzzling、、、、、6A adoptB possessC fastenD fix、、、、、7A agreedB refusedC leftD listened、、8^A celebrationB dictationC listsD document、、、、9A threwaway Btook outC cutout Dlet out、、、、10A wavesB tearsC lightsD blames、、、、11A keeponBput onC callon Dblames、、、、12A attacksB itemsCN annoyancesD pages、、、、13A dutyB businessC turnD problem、、、14A RoughlyB CalmlyC AngrilyD Clumsily、、、、、15A outgoingB carefulC perfectD beautiful、、、、、16A predictB advocateC abuseD change、、、17A touchedB disappointedC shockedD threatened、、、、、18A assistanceB guidanceC acceptanceD annoyance、、、、、19A takingaway Breplying toC talkingabout Dlooking for、、、20A messyB fantasticC randomD^relevant第二节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号

1.5151内单词的正确形式（分）（）

27.15The Chineselanguage is1differ fromWestern languagesin thatit usescharacterswhich standfor ideas,objects ordeeds insteadof analphabet.Chinese words

2.（）form byputting togetherdifferent characters.According to3,ancient story,Chinese writingwas inventedby Cangjie.After seeingthe（）

4.track of animals in the snow,hehadthe idea5e hecould usedifferent shapesto representdifferentobjects.Chinese characterswent6・huge changesover time.Some have beensimplifled andothers havebeen mademore difficult.Besides,a methodwas developed

7.（）（）have onepart ofa characterindicate themeaning andthe othersuggest the8,pronounce,Many Chinesecharacters usedtoday weremade thisway.（）In the1950s,the Chinesegovernment introduced%simplify Chinesecharacters andnowthey are10・（wide）used inChinas mainland.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分分）10（分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下

28.10作文，文中共有处错误，每句中最多有两处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改10增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号

（八），并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉修改在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

1、只允许修改处，多者（从第处起）不计分21011Lang Ping,the headcoach ofChinas nationalwomens volleyballteam,arrived atmy、high schoolin Sep17At about9oclock,alltheSenior3student gatheredin the schoolstadium,waiting for the arrivalof LangPing andher team^The momentLang steppedintothe stadium,nobody couldstay seatingWe clappedwild aswe sawthe schoolmastertakeLang tohis seatThem Langshares herlife withus inher speechShe saidit wasfaith andcouragehad led her toher successAs theSenior3student,I thinkit wasnot onlyafortunate experienceforme,but alsoa powerfulone,as Langswords gaveme strengthsI willkeepit inmind whatshe toldus:Trusting yourselfand fightevery stepof the way towin!第二节书面表达（满分分）25（分）假定你是李华，请你给某英文报社编辑就“中学生健康饮食”这一话题写

29.25封信内容包括.自我介绍；

1.健康饮食的重要性；

2.建议中学生远离垃圾食品3注意

1.词数100左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数3Dear editor,Yours,Li Hua参考答案第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）20L

530、1B、2C、3A、4B、5A、6B、7A、8D、9C、10D、11C、12C、13C、14C、15A、16D、17D、18B、19A、20B第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，40A BC D选出最佳选项、、211D、2D、3A、4A、、221B、2C、3B、4A、、231C、2B、3D、4B、、241B、2C、3A、4D、、251B、2B、3C、4C第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文,从

1.530短文后各题所给的、、和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.A BC D、、261C、2A、3B、4D、5A、6D、7A、8C、9B、10B、11A、12D、13C、14B、15C、16D、17A、18C、19D、20B第二节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号L5151内单词的正确形式、

271.different

2.are formed

3.an

4.tracks

5.that

6.through

7.to have

8.pronunciation

9.simplified

10.widely第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分分）

10、、、改为、、改为281in Sep17on Sep172student students、改为3seating seated、改为4wild wildly、改为5his her改为6^shares shared、后力口7courage that、后改为8As thea、去掉9it、改为10trusting trust第二节书面表达（满分分）2529Dear editor,Pm LiHua,a highschool student.As weall know,healthy eatinghabits areveryimportant forour health.We should eat freshvegetables andfruit every day.They supplyrichand necessaryvitamins tous.We alsoshouldeata littlebit meatevery day.Only in this waycanwe assureus ofgetting thenecessary nutritionandabalanced diet.Besides,wearein theperiodof growing,so weneed morehealthy diets.As forjunk food,personally,I loveit,butbecause junkfood is a healthkiller,we shouldhave itas littleas possible.Finally,I sincerelywish everyonegood health.Yours,Li HuaA.have attendedB.will attendC.would attendD.had attended

11.The researcherswho studyjokes wantto findout peoplefrom differentnationsand culturesHnd funny.A.why B.thatC.whatD.whether

12.Parents oftentell theirchildren that they takecandy fromstrangers.A.neednt B.wouldnt C.shouldnt D.darent

13.—Will yoube thisevening,Mary■一That depends.I amafraid Iwill bewith mymanager»discussing aplan.A.convenient B.suitableC.available D.efficient

14.Hes quite,but Icant imaginehim aspresident ofsuch alarge listedcompany.A.enthusiastic B.generousC.competent D.sympathetic一

15.Why areyou insuch ahurry,Bob—Mother toldme Ibe homeby9:00pm,or she will beworried.A.must B・mightC.can D.may

16.As teacherswe shouldntaccept theargument givenby somepeople standardizedtestsrestrict educatorstoo muchand takethe joyout ofteaching.A.where B.whatC.how D.that

17.The laptopsmade byour companysell best,but nobodycould haveguessed theplace inthemarket thatthey20years ago.A.had hadB.had C.were havingD.were tohave

18.The biggestproblem formost plants,which justget upand runaway whenthreatened,is thatanimals liketo eatthem.A.shall notB.can*tC.neednt D.mustnt

19.When wasyou lastmet JenniferI haventseen herfor ages.A.it thatB.it C.it whatD.what

20.—I wonderwhat makesyou agood salesperson.—I as a waiterfor threeyears,which contributesa lotto mytodays work.A.serve B.servedC.have servedD.had served第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，40A BC D选出最佳选项（分）

21.6Li Ping,a collegestudent hasbeen experiencingsocial awkwardnesssince herjuniormiddle schoolyears.Back then,she feltunease aboutgoing to the restroomalone.Sheeven limitedthe amountof watershe drankso shedidnt haveto gothere often.UI fearedthatother studentswould thinkthat Ididnt getalong wellwith othersif Iwas seenalone,“shesaid.Li is not theonly suffererof what*s calledsocial anxiety”.（）China YouthDaily recentlydid asurvey among1,4people.Nearly half

44.6percentof theparticipants admittedthattheywere afraidof beingthe centerof attention.Up to

66.7percent of them said they aremore likelyto beanxious duringface-to-face communicationsthanin onlineconversations.But thesefeelings are not necessarilyanything toworry about.uThere issocial anxiety9,and there is Social anxiety disorder9or Socialphobia

9.They aretwocompletely differentthings/9said LiSongwei,a psychologicalprofessor atTsinghuaUniversity.According toThomas Rodebaugh,a psychologyprofessor atWashington UniversityinSt Louis,US,almost everyonesuffers fromat leasta littlesocial anxiety.“For example,wemay getit beforespeaking inpublic,or havea badnights sleepif there is goingto beanimportant interviewthe nextday.But whendoes social anxiety developinto adisorder一There aretwo simplequestions youcan askyourself ifyoure concernedHow muchdoesthe anxietyaffect mylife andIs itacceptable9If thecondition becomesso problematicandyou refusetogoout atall andcannot livea normallife,you justneed to seek treatment.^henotes.But forcommon social anxiety,people allhave theirdifferent copingstrategies.“Theway Iemploy isreason plusreward Jsaid Wang Li,another once-sufferer.For example,shetells herselfthat thereisnosuch thingas rightor wrongwhen pushingyourself tospeakpublicly:there areonly peoplewho agreewith youor not.And ifshe conquersher fear,shebuys newshoes orgoes tosee amovie afterclass.、1The firstparagraph ismainly usedto.A.make acomparison B.teach anew word“social anxiety”C.draw aconclusion D.introduce aphenomenon2^What mayThomas RodebaughagreewithA.Social anxietyis adeadly problem.B.Social anxietyis arare problem.、C.Little attentionis paidto socialanxiety.D.Not allsocialanxietyneeds treatment.3Theunderlined word“employ”in Paragraph4is closestin meaningto theone in・A.I wantto employWeibo asa meansto practicemy writingB.More than40university graduateswere employedC.The childrenemployed themselvesin paintingD.He employedme asa secretary、4What canwe inferfrom thetextA.Some participantsfeel easierin onlinecommunications.B.Socialanxietyis regardedas socialphobia.C.Li Pingdidnt oftengo to the restroombecause shedidnt likedrinking water.D.WangLidealt withsocialanxietyonly byrewarding herself.（分）（预测）

22.8Plants areflowering faster than scientistspredicted inreaction toclimate change,which could have longdamaging effectson food chains andecosystems.Global warmingis havinga greateffect onhundreds ofplant andanimal speciesaroundthe world,changing someliving patterns,scientists say.（）Increased carbondioxide CO2in theair fromburning coaland oilcan have an effectonhow plantsproduce oxygen,while highertemperatures andchangeable rainfallpatternscan changetheir patternsof growth.^Predicting species,reaction to climate changeis amajor challengein ecology/9said theresearchersof severalU.S.universities.They saidplants hadbeen thekey objectof studybecausetheir reactionto climatechange couldhaveaneffect onfood chainsand ecosystemservices.The study,published on the Naturewebsite,uses theflndings fromplant lifecyclestudies andexperiments acrossfour continentsand1,634species.It foundthat some氐估）experiments hadunderestimated Cfthe speed of floweringby

8.5times andleafing by4times.uAcross allspecies,the experimentsunder-predicted thespeed of the advance-for bothlea行ng andflowering—that resultsfrom temperatureincrease/9the studysaid.The design of futureexperiments mayneed tobe improvedto betterpredict howplantswill reactto climatechange,it said.Plants arenecessary forlife on the Earth.They arethe baseof thefoodchain,using（光合作用）photosynthesis toproduce sugarfrom carbondioxide andwater.They letoutoxygen whichis neededby nearlyevery organismonthe planetScientists believethe worldsaverage temperaturehas risenby about

0.8℃since1900,and nearly

0.2℃every tenyears since

1979.（排放）So far,efforts tocut emissionsof planet-warming greenhousegases are not seenasenough toprevent theEarth heatingup beyond2℃this century-a pointscientists saywillbring thedanger ofa changeableclimate inwhich weatherextremes arecommon,leading todrought,floods,crop failuresand risingsea levels.、1What isthe mainidea ofParagraph1A.Plants reactionto weathercouldhavedamaging effectson ecosystems.B.The increasingspeedofflowering isbeyond scientists9expectation.C.Climate changeleads to the changeof foodproduction patterns.D.Food chainshavebeenseriously damagedbecause ofweather.、2We canlearn from the studypublished onthe Naturewebsite that.A.plants9flowering is

8.5times fasterthan leafingB.there are1,634plant speciesonthefour continentsC.scientists shouldimprove thedesignof the experimentsD.the experimentsfailed topredict howplants reacttoclimatechange

3、Scientists payspecial attentionto thestudy ofplants because・A.they canprove theclimatechangeclearlyB.they arevery importantinthefood chainsC.they playa leadingrole inreducing globalwarmingD.they aregrowing andflowering muchfasterthanbefore、4What can be inferredfrom the last two paragraphs aboutthe worldstemperatureA.It needs tobecontrolled within2℃inthiscentury.B.Its changewill leadto weatherextremes.C.It is

0.8℃higher in1979than thatof

1900.D.It hasrisen nearly

0.2℃since

1979.（分）

23.8Most heroesarenotsuper.They dontappear incomic books,ontelevision,or inmovies.They justdo whatthey believeneedstobe doneto make theirworld abetter place.Bike Batmanis one of them.Bike Batmanis a30-year-old marriedengineer wholives inSeattle,Washington.Hes acyclistwho alsobuys andsells bikesasahobby.About threeyears ago,he waslooking fora bikefor hiswife.He foundone onCraigslist,a websitewhere peoplelist thingsthey wantto sell.As heoften does,he alsolookedat BikeIndex,a popularwebsite thatallows usersto registertheir bikesand postreportswhen theyretaken.The bike,which hewas consideringpurchasing,clearlymatched onereported stolenon BikeIndex.Then hecalled theperson whoclaimed tobe the bikes ownerand arrangedto meethim-supposedly tocomplete thesale.When thetwo menmet,Bike Batmantold the thief,Youve gottwo options.You canwait untila police officer getshere,or youcan justget outofhere.You canimagine whatthethiefdid.After thatfirst success,Bike Batmandeveloped asafer routine.When heseesquestionable bikeads onCraigslist,he cross-references theimage withbikes reportedonBike Index.Once hehas confirmedit with the owner,he arrangesa meet-up withthe thiefandwill call the Seattlepolice departmentso thatofficers canparticipate inthe action.Inmore thanhalf ofthe22cases inwhich hehas gotback andreturned bikes,the thieveshavebeen arrested.In onecase,Bike Batmaneven helpeda familyrecover awide rangeof prizedpossessionsthat suspectshad stolenduring ahome burglary.His nicknamecame froma discussionwith a policeofficerwho suggestedhebecalled“Robin Hood”.Since hewasn,t exactlystealing fromthe richand givingtothepoor,“Batman”seemed abetter fit.The ideaofa superhero punishingcriminals feelspretty sillytohim,but themain reasonhe continueshis workis tokeep upSeattles reputationas afriendly city.、1Bike Batmanis.A.asuperheroB.a websitemanagerC.a Seattlecitizen D.apoliceofficer、2When Bike Batman discoversa questionablebike,hewillfirst.A.contact theowner ofthe stolenbike B.look upthebikesinformation C.callthe police、department D.arrange tomeet thethief3Bike Batmanhelps findthe lostbikes to.A.become famousB.help poorpeopleC.punish bikethieves D.build afriendlycity、4From thepassage,we canlearn that.A.Bike Batmanfelt relievedtoseethe thievesarrestedB.BikeBatmanbegan hisgood deedsby accidentC.thepolicefailed toperform theirdutiesD.the thievesrefused toreturn thebikes（分）

24.8Peter Skyllberg,a Swedishman,was trappedin hiscar fortwo months,withtemperatures reaching-30℃,with nofood orwater,and yethe survived.The best（）explanation wasthat hisvehicle createdan“igloo snowhouse effect”and protectedhim（冬目民）fromtheextremely lowtemperatures and that hisbody wouldhibernate duringthistime.Can humansget intoa low-energy consumptionstate likea bearby reservingenergy,and reducingbody temperatureChinese scientistsare lookingfor thekey toregulating bodytemperature.（下丘脑），Scientists havefound thehypothalamus anarea inthe centrallower partofthe brain,is responsible for regulating body temperature.Wang Hong,a brainscientist attheShenzhen Institutesof AdvancedTechnology ofthe ChineseAcademy ofSciences,ledher（神经元）team tomark theneurons responsiblefor regulatingbody temperaturein micebymeans ofa cutting-edge geneticbiology technique.In the（注射）experiments,they injecteddrug intomice tomakethebody temperaturesofthe micedrop rom37C to27in twohours.The teamfound the change inbody temperaturecaused noharmtothehealth ofthemice.uWe dontknow ifwe candevelop adrug thatcan controlhuman body temperature.We stillneed a lot ofstudy/9Wang said.Chinese scientistsarenotalone insuch research.Body-cooling techniquesare beingusedin pioneeringhospitals aroundthe world.Dutch doctorsare nowusing lowtemperatures forpatientswho havesuffered braininjuries in accidents,According tosufferingfrom severeepileptic fits（5痫病发作）.doctors workingin Florence,it mayeven helpto savethe brainsof babieswho areborn、1Why doesthe authormention PeterSkyllbergA.To tellan amazingstory.B.To introducethe topic.C.To teachsurvival skills.D.To explain“igloo effect”.、2What didWang Hongsteam AndintheexperimentA.Genetic biologytechnique helpedalot.B.A drugcould controlhumanbodytemperature.C.The miceshealth wasntdamaged bythechangeof bodytemperature.D.Hypothalamus wasresponsibleforregulatingbodytemperature.、3How canbody-cooling techniqueshelp peopleA.Brain injuriesmay betreated properlyB.People trappedin snowcan survive.C.Patients withepileptic fitswill becured.D.Medical accidentscanbeavoided.、4The textis probablytaken from.A.a biologytextbook B.a sciencefictionC.a survivalbrochure D.a medicalmagazine（分）

25.10Travel isoneofthe mostexciting experiencesa humanbeing canhave.Imagine howItalian travelerMarco Polomust havefelt when he foundhimself onChinesesoil,seeing away oflife quitedifferent fromanything hed seen before.And howmarvelous mustit havebeen tolisten toZhang Qianwhenhereturned toChinafrom hisjourney throughCentral Asiaand WestAsia Hisbrain musthave beenpackedwith everythinghedseenand heard,leading tothe foundingofthe Silk Road.Some peoplehave traveledall overtheworld,and travel isaway oflife tothem.They perhapsknow whatto expectbefore theytravel.Thats whythe besttravel iswhen itsforthe first time.Imagine aperson whohas alwayswanted totravel tothe UnitedStates.Ofcourse,theyve probablyseen theStatue ofLiberty athousand timeson TV,andtheWhiteHouse,and allthe otherfamous sights.But noneof thatwould comparetothethrill oflookingout ofthe cabinwindow astheplanelands,watching thecities andstreets ofthe realAmericacome intoview.Although travelis oftenjust forrecreation,its alsoeducational.We maynot knowthatwe aregetting aneducation,but westill are.Were learningeveryday:new wordsinanew language,new people,and newways oflife.But thislearning takesplace intheschooloftheworld,not theclassroom.One ofthelessons welearn isundoubtedly amoral one.As weget toknow foreignplaces,we cometounderstand thatthere aremany differentways tolive,andthatthe waywe liveisntnecessarily the best way.The Britishpolitician BenjaminDisraeli summedthis upwellwhen hesaid,^Travel teachestoleration.^、1The authoruses MarcoPolo andZhang Qianas examplesto•A.explain howtheSilkRoad wasfoundedB.present travelas anamazing experienceC.show howthewaypeople travelhas changedD.describe importantcultural exchangesin history

2、By sayingthebesttraveliswhen itsforthefirsttime，the authormeansthat.A.ones firsttrip isusually themost challengingB.no othertrip isbetter thanones firsttrip火C.thereisalways muchto learnon onefirst tripD.people usuallymake betterpreparations fortheir firsttrip

3、The underlinedword inparagraph4probably means・A.learning B.knowledgeC.fun D.risk、4According tothelasttwoparagraphs,the authorbelieves that.A.traveling shouldbe includedin formaleducationB.traveling improvespeoples confidencein theirlifestyleC.a foreignjourney mayraise peoplescultural understandingD.thereismore tolearn fromadventures thanbeing inclassroom第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文,从

1.530短文后各题所给的、、和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.A BC D（分）

26.30A couplewere havinga weddingAll oftheir friendsand familycame tosee thelovely1and allhad awonderful time.The bridewas2inherwhite weddinggown andthegroom wasvery handsome.Everyone couldtell thatthe3they hadfor eachother wastrueA fewmonths later,the wifecame tothehusbandwith a4_,uEach ofus willwrite alist ofthingswe finda bit5withtheother person,Then,we cantale abouthow wecan6_them andmakeour liveshappier^The husband7,So theywent tothink ofthethingsthat annoyedthemabouttheotherThe nextmorning atthe breakfasttable,they decidedthey wouldgo overtheir896TH startsaidthewife,She9her list,It hadmany itemson it,enough toAll three。