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北京中考英语2018
一、单项填空（共分，每小题分）从下面各题所给的、、、个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项
60.5A B C D
1.・5分My brotherand Ilike football.play it together oncea week.A.I B.They C.We D.You分
2..5Happy birthday,Peter!Heres agift you.A.for B.in C.with D.from分--
3..5do youusually goto school,MaryA.When B.How C.Where D.Why--By bike.A.though B.if C.while D.because
4.・5分Many peoplelike pandas they arecute.分
5..5I gonow,or Tilmiss mytrain.A.can B.might C.must D.could分
6..5Tony isof thethree boys,but he is thetallest.A.young B・youngerC.youngest D.the youngest分
7..5Bill likesreading.He picturebooks with his dadevery evening.A.read B.reads C.is readingD.has read
8.・5分--Paul,what wereyou doingat ninelast night--I amovie in the cinemawith my friends.A.was watchingB・watchC・have watchedD.will watch分
9..5David is a tennisplayer.He toplay tennis when hewas sixyears old.C76-84%fairD75%barely passedEbelow75%failedWe cansee theinclusion ofE instead of F.Gradually,the letter grading systembecame morepopular throughout the US.However,many schoolsdecided todrop theE证据grade and go straight to F.There isno evidenceto reallysupport this,but one possible explanation is that teachers wereworried that some students and parents might mistake E for excellent.Why dowe haveletter gradesWell,part of the reasonis that they madegrading simplerduring atime ofgreat changeforschools.As the20th centurybegan,growing citiesand anincrease inimmigration ledto largerschool classrooms.Most teachersatthat time thought this new letter grading system was an easy,fair andclear wayto gradestudents.反映Today,more andmore peopleargue thatletter gradesdon*t fullyreflect studentlearning.However,as teacherstry to，熟悉improve grading methods many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids.They arefamiliar and easy forparents to understand.So whilethey mightnot beperfect,the lettergrades probablyarent goingaway anytime soon.、、34what doesan Fstand forin the A B C D and F grading system35when was the lettergrading systemfirst usedin the US college36what isone possibleexplanation fordropping theE grade37what didmost teachersthink of the lettergrading systemin the20th century38why domany parentsstill preferthe lettergrades today
五、文段表达（分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于词的文段写作1050文中已给出内容不计入总数.所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名.假如你是李华，你们学校要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生参加请用英语写一封电子Peter I,邮件，告诉他讲座时间和地点以及需要做什么准备.提示词语（讲座），lecture invite,information,question,online提示问题*When andwhere willyou havethe lecture•What doyou advisePeter to prepare for itDear peter,How isit goingTherellbe alecture onPeking Operain ourschool.If there is anythingthat Ican do,please letme know.Yours,LiHua”静以修身，俭以养德”，勤俭节约是中华民族的传统美德，无论生活富足与否，我们都应该提倡节俭，拒绝浪费.某英文网站在开展以“节约是美德”为主题的征文活动，假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿.谈谈生活中你是怎么做的，以及这样做的意义.提示词语（节约的）,（美德）thrifty save,turn off,money,virtue提示问题•What doyou doin your daily life•Why doyou do so Its one of our traditional virtues to be thrifty.北京中考英语参考答案2018
一、单项填空（共分，每小题分）从下面各题所给的、、、个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项
60.5A B C D【分析】我哥哥和我喜欢足球，我们每周一起玩一次.
1.【解答】考查代词.我.他们.我们.你们.结合语境”我哥哥和我喜欢足球，—每周一起玩一次.可知.应该是“我B C D们”.故选C.【点评】本题考查人称代词，人称代词为单数时，按第二人称、第三人称、第一人称排列.人称单词分单复数，要根据语境，仔细分析，选择正确答案.【分析】生日快乐，彼得！这是送给你的礼物.
2.【解答】考查介词.为了.在…里.和…来自.结合语境”生日快乐，彼得！这是送给你的礼物.表示给…的生A B C D日礼物.用for.故选A.【点评】考查介词用法，这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确介词完成习题.【分析】--玛丽，你通常怎么上学？
3.--骑自行车.【解答】考查疑问词.什么时候.怎么.哪.为什么.结合语境”玛丽，你通常怎么上学？骑自行车”.可知，对A B C D乘坐某种交通工具提问，用疑问词怎么.how故选B.【点评】疑问词通常用来构成疑问句，要根据回答的具体内容进行选择，注意一些固定搭配，分清疑问词的用法.【分析】很多人喜欢熊猫，因为它们很可爱.
4.【解答】选项意为虽然，选项意为如果，选项意为当……时候.选项意为因为.结合句意很多人A BC D喜欢熊猫，因为它们很可爱.故选D.【点评】本题考查连词的辨析，熟记词的用法及结合语境是解答本题的关键.【分析】我必须走了，否则我就赶不上火车了.
5.【解答】考查情态动词.能.可能.必须.能.结合语境”我—走了，否则我就赶不上火车了.可知，应该是“必A BC D须二故选C.【点评】情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语.否定形式通常在后面加not.要注意情态动词的不同用法.【分析】托尼是这三个男孩中最小的，但他是最高的.
6.【解答】考查最高级.年轻的.更年轻的.最年轻的，通常加最年轻的.结合语境”托尼是这三个男孩中最A BC the.D小的，但他是最高的.可知，三者以上比较，用最高级最年轻的，最小的.the youngest故选D.【点评】考查最高级，要熟练掌握最高级的变法，根据具体的语境仔细分析选择恰当的最高级形式.【分析】比尔喜欢读书.他每天晚上和爸爸一起看图画书.
7.【解答】从判断句子时态用一般现在时，主语是单数.every evening故选B.【点评】熟悉一般现在时的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案.【分析】-保罗，你昨晚九点在干什么？
8.-我和我的朋友正在电影院看电影.【解答】根据--可知是过去比较具体的时间点，动作Paul,what wereyou doingat nineLast night,at nineLast night用过去进行时were/was+doing.故选A.【点评】熟悉过去进行时的用法，结合题意，给出答案.【分析】戴维是个网球运动员，六岁时就开始打网球了.
9.【解答】从判断句子时态用一般过去时.when hewas sixyears old故选C.【点评】熟悉一般过去时的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案.【分析】--露西，你叔叔是老师吗？
10.--是的，他教了将近年的历史了.20【解答】根据可知，这是一个表示一段时间的时间状语，通常用于现在完成时，而且动词应该用延续fornearly20years性动词，现在完成时态结构为动词的过去分词.have/has+故选B.【点评】本题主要考查现在完成时，用法表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，还表示过去发生动作一直持续到现在.其结构是及物动词的过去分词.此题注意短暂性动词和延续性动词区别.have/has+【分析】一座新的国际飞机场明年将要在城市完工.
11.【解答】一般现在时；一般现在时的被动语态；一般将来时；一般completes iscompleted will complete will be completed将来时的被动语态.根据句子的主语是以及时间状语所以要用一般将来时的被A newinternational airport”next year”动语态来填空，因此可知这句话的意思是”一座新的国际飞机场明年将要在城市完工.”故选D.【点评】首先要掌握各种时态以及语态的用法，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案.【分析】--爱丽丝，你能告诉我史米斯先生什么时候离开伦敦的吗？
12.--当然可以.上星期天.【解答】根据可知，本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，选项是疑问语序，所以could youtell me—CD排除掉；再根据可知这里指的是过去的时间，时态用一般过去时.Last Sunday,故选A.【点评】本题考查宾语从句，做题时注意三要素时态、语序和引导词.本题先考虑语序问题，再根据句子的上下文的意思，做出选择.
二、完形填空（共分，共小题）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的、、、四个选81A BC D项中，选择最佳选项【分析】本文主要讲述的是有关于协作的事情.一件事我们或许做起来很难，但是如果和别人一起做，相互帮助，就会事半功倍.【解答】考查名词辨析，下文提至游戏结束，游戏，表演，音乐会，
13.A,U The second level of the game was over A BC聚会，故选D A.考查名词辨析，根据带着各种..来至这里，前面提到惊奇，所以是每个人有各
14.C,all reached the hall holding variouslj种的想法，目的，建议，想法，计划，故选A BC D C.考查形容词辨析,根据不能打破气球，所以是小心的，轻轻的,小心的，秘密的，
15.B,the balloonswouldnt blowout A BC清楚的，故选D B.考查形容词辨析，根据坏了个，可知并不是所有人都成功了，诚实的，
16.D,Five balloonsblew outdue topressure5A准备好的，有耐心的，成功的，故选BC D D.考查动词辨析,根据失败的人，所以是出局,排除；检
17.C,Those whofailed tomark their names on the balloonsrule outA查，帮助，规则，清晰，故选BC DC.考查动词辨析，根据将气球放在房子里，所以是先把所有的气球收集起来，
18.A,then put into a room,here and there A收集，称重，打结，打扫，故选BC D A.考查动词辨析，根据正确的那个人，由此推测是找到那个人，标记，躲藏，计数，找至故选
19.D,right oneA BC DIJ,D.考查动词辨析，根据气球上名字对应的人，由此可知是交给那个人，释放，
20.B,the handsof therespective engineersA B到达，举起，打击，故选CDB.【点评】对于完形填空题目，首先应该阅读全文，了解协作的好处，然后根据题目意思进行分析，确定答案.
三、阅读下列短文.根据短文内容，从文后各所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共分，每小题A BCD266分【分析】文章是人物故事类阅读，分别介绍了四个孩子上周的活动.【解答】
21.D细节理解题，根据RogerIt wasmy15th birthdaylast Saturday罗杰这是我上周六的15岁生日.可知罗杰的生日是上周六，故选D.
22.B细节理解题，根据JessicaYes,My classwere on a school field trip last week杰西卡是的，上个星期我的班级去参加学校郊游了，可知杰西卡上个星期参加学校郊游，故选B.
23.C细节理解题，根据MartinLast Thursday,my schoolband（乐队）went to Atlanta toperform in a compe出ion,马丁上周四，我的学校乐队在亚特兰大的一次比赛中表演了，可知马丁去亚特兰大在比赛中表演，故选C.【点评】本文是一篇阅读选择题，做题时要先通读短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相关句子，根据句子选择正确答案.【分析】文章介绍了两个孩子帮盲人妈妈捡水果，作者被这温情一幕打动.【解答】细节理解题，然后我注意到妈妈是如何挑选水果的，可知
24.A Then I noticed how momwas pickingthe fruits.他们是来买水果的，故选A.细节理解题，根据我确定她是盲人，可知作者认为这个妈妈看不到，故选
25.B I was sure she was blind.B.细节理解题，根据
26.D It was so beautiful to see such young kidsso willinglyhelp.Most kidsthat agewould bepicking out看到这么小的孩子们candies ortoys in a storefor themselves,instead ofhelping their mom pickout fruits asthe two kids did.如此乐于助人，真是太美了.大多数同龄的孩子会在商店里为自己挑选糖果或玩具，而不是像两个孩子那样帮助他们的妈妈挑选水果.可知作者被这两个孩子愿意帮助他们的母亲而感到，故选D.【点评】本文是一篇阅读选择题，做题时要先通读短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相关句子，根据句子选择正确答案.【分析】本文主要讲述了一项科学实验的结果，结果表明生活在绿色环境下有利于大脑的发育，但是这个结论是否适合于每个地方的人还有待观察和后续实验证明.【解答】细节理解题,根据可知此段主要讲述的是有关
27.A,The study was performedamong253schoolchildren inSpain于研究如何进行的事情，故选A.词意猜测题，根据可知是极大的促进大脑的发育，四
28.B,These exercisesin turnpositively influence brain development个选项中意思最为接近的是鼓励，促进，故选B.推理判断题，根据
29.D,Our findingssuggest thatexposure to green spaceearly in life couldresult inbeneficial structural可知在绿色环境下生活有利于大脑发育,故选changes in the brainD.【点评】对于阅读表达题，首先应该阅读全文，了解绿色环境对大脑发育的影响，然后根据题目意思进行分析，确定答案.【分析1这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要介绍在我们的生活中，当我们准备好要改变的时候，我们经常会达到一个点，这将帮助我们打开自我提升的力量.打开自我提高能力的唯一时刻是当一切变得最糟糕的时候.只有当我们享受解锁自我完善能力的整个过程，从固定思维中解脱出来时，我们才会意识到我们开始轻而易举地获得快乐.【解答】细节理解题.根据第一段最后一句
30.A.The onlytime wethink of unlocking our self-improvement poweris when我们认为打开自我提高能力的唯一时刻是当一切变得最糟糕的时候.可知，作者列举“什么时候everything getsworst我们意识到我们需要改变饮食？当我们的衬衫和牛仔裤都不适合我们的时候，我们什么时候停止吃糖果和巧克力？当我们所有的牙齿都脱落了.我们什么时候意识到我们需要戒烟？”这些的目的是当我们经历痛苦时，我们学到了教训.选A.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段
31.C.Jane alwaystells everyonethat shedoesn*t havethe courageto be around groupsof people.She heardher familytell thesame thingsabout her to other people.Over theyears,that iswhat Janehasbelieved.Every time a great crowd come,she stepsback andlocks herself up in a room.Jane notonly believesin herstory,but简总是告诉每个人她没有勇气和一群人在一起.她听到她的家人对其他人说关于她的同样的话.多年来，这就lives it!是简所相信的.每次一大群人来，她都后退一步，把自己锁在一个房间里.简不仅相信她的故事，而且生活在其中！可知，解决简问题的关键是她必须意识到她不是她故事中的那样的人.选C.
32.C.细节理解题.根据第五段Happy peopledont justaccept change；they embrace（拥抱）it快乐的人不只是接受变化，他们拥抱变化.及最后一段And onlywhen we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement powerwill只有当我彳门享受开启自我提升能力的整个过程时，we realize that were beginning to take things light and become happy.我们才会意识到我们开始随遇而安并变得快乐.可知，作者可能同意欢迎生活中的变化是一个变得更好的动力.选C.标题猜测题.根据第五段
33.D.Unlocking our self-improvement powermeans unlockingourselves out of the box of thought解开自我提高的力量意味着把自己从思想that isjust theway we are.It issuch apoor excusefor peoplewho fearchange的框框中解脱出来，这正是我们的方式.对于害怕改变的人来说，这是一个很糟糕的借口.倒数第二段最后一句Every每次一time a greatcrowd come,she stepsback andlocks herselfup in a room.Jane notonly believesin herstory,but livesit!大群人来，她都会后退一步，把自己锁在一个房间里.简不仅相信她的故事，而且生活在其中！及最后一句And onlywhen we are enjoying the wholeprocess ofunlockingour self-improvement powerwill we realize that were beginningto take只有当我彳门享受开启自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始把一切things lightandbecomehappy.看淡并变得快乐.可知，标题可以是“把自己从思维的盒子里解放出来还是留在里面？选D.【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解.根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题.
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题.（共分，每小题分）1010【分析】短文讲了判定测试或作业的字母等级方法，详细的介绍了字母所代表的含义，及其人们对这种评定方法的看法等.
34.】
34.An Fin thissystem standsfornfair,.细节理解题.根据第二段句子In theA,B,C,D andF grading system,the firstfour letters are typically considered passing grades.An Fin thissystem simplystands fornfailn.在A、B、C、D和F评分系统中，前四个字母通常被认为是及格分数.这个系统中的仅仅表示“失败”.可知表示“失败”.故答案为F FAn Finthis systemstands fornfailM.细节理解题,根据第四段句子
35.In
1897.The firstcollege in the USto usea lettergrading systemlike theones weuse todayis美国第一个使用字母Mount Holyoke College.In1897,they beganto use the following grading scale.评分系统的大学是年，他们开始使用以下等级量表.可知在年.故答案为Mount HolyokeCollege.18971897In
1897.细节理解题.根据倒数第三段句子
36.Teachers were worried that somestudents andparents mightmistake Efor excellent”.（证据）However,many schoolsdecided todrop theE gradeandgostraighttoF.There isno evidenceto reallysupport this,but然而，onepossibleexplanationis thatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparents mightmistake Eforexcellent”.许多学校决定放弃级，直接进入真的没有证据支持这一点，但一个可能的解释是，老师担心一些学生和家长可E F.能错误E为”优秀”・可知老师担心一些学生和家长可能错误E为”优秀”・故答案为Teachers wereworriedthatsomestudents andparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.细节理解题.
37.Most teachersat thattime thoughtthis new lettergrading system was an easy,fair andclear wayto gradestudents.根据倒数第二段句子Most teachersat thattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fair andclear wayto grade当时的大多数老师认为这种新的字母评分系统是一种简单、公平、清晰的给学生打分的方式.可知当时的大students.多数老师认为这种新的字母评分系统是一种简单、公平、清晰的给学生打分的方式.故答案为Most teachersat thattimethought thisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fair andclear wayto gradestudents.细节理解题.根据最后一段句子
38.They arefamiliar andeasy for parents to understand.However,as teacherstry toimprove（熟悉）gradingmethods,manyparentscontinuetofavorthe lettergradestheygotaskids,they arefamiliar andeasy for然而，当parentsto understand.So whilethey mightnot beperfect,the lettergrades probablyarent goingaway anytime soon.教师试图改进评分方法时，许多家长仍然喜欢孩子们得到的字母等级，他们对父母来说很熟悉，也很容易理解.因此，尽管他们可能不是完美的，但字母等级很快就不会消失.可知它们是父母所熟悉和容易理解的.故答案为They arefamiliarandeasyforparentstounderstand.【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意.其次，细读题材，各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息.
五、文段表达（分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于词的文段写作文中已1050给出内容不计入总数.所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名.【分析】高分句型我写信是想邀请你参加这个有意义的演讲.这里I amwriting toinvite youto takepart inthe meaningfullecture.invite sbto do表示邀请某人做某事.sth如果有什么我能做的，请告诉我.这里表示让某人做某事.If thereis anythingthat Ican doplease letme know.let sbdo sth【解答】Dear Peter,How isit goingTherellbealecture onPeking Operain ourschool.（引出话题）The PekingOpera willstart at1000this Fridaymorning inthe（高分句型）（讲座时间和地点）school hall.I amwriting toinvite youto takepart inthe meaningfullecture.，，In thelecture wecan notonly getsome usefulinformation about the Pekingopera butalso getclose to the traditionalChineseculture,which canbenefit usa lot.There aresome suggestionsfor youtoprepareforit.First ofall,remember to be thereon time,whats more,dont forgetto bringacamera withyou,which canrecord theprecious moment,last but not least,itsagolden chancefor youto comeup withsome（需要做的准备）questions thatyou arewilling to learn about.（高分句型）If thereis anythingthat Ican do,please letme know.Yours,Li Hua【点评】在解答写作这类试题时，要根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾，设想几个承上启下的连词，将主要句型、关键词语草草记下，形成提纲，写时切忌结构分散，废话连篇，严重跑题.【分析】高分句型在我们的日常生活中提倡它是个好主意.这里表示做某事Its agood ideato starton in our dailylife.Ifs agood ideato dosth是一个好主意.我认为每个人都应该采取行动来坚持这一美德.这里后面跟的I thinkeveryone shouldtake actionsto stickto thisvirtue.think是一个宾语从句.［解答］Itsoneof ourtraditionalvirtuesto be thrifty.Being thriftyis agood virtuewhich hasbeen passeddown fromgeneration（高分句型）.（提出话题节约是美德）to generation.Ifs agood ideato starton inourdailylifeFirst ofall,I constantlycheck thelights and the tapsto makesure that they areoff whenleaving thehouse,Besides,never haveI（介绍在日常wasted anyfood,whats more,1dont spendtoo muchmoney onunnecessary thingsand savemoney regularly.生活中做了什么）The reasonwhy IdosoisthatI wantto makea differenceto mylife,As theold savinggoes,Waste not,want notHImake upmy（高分句型）.（论述这样mind tobethriftyas muchas possible.I thinkeveryone shouldtake actionsto stickto thisvirtue做的原因）【点评】本篇为议论文话题作文，主题为“节约是美德”，考生需要从两个方面作答，第一个方面是介绍日常生活中你都做了什么？第二个方面你为什么这样做？A.begins B.will beginC・began D.has begun
10.・5分--Lucy,is youruncle ateacher--Yes,heis.He historyfor nearly20years.A.teaches B.has taughtC.is teachingD.will teach
11.・5分A newinternational airportinthecity nextyear.A.completes B.is completedC.willcompleteD.willbecompleted
12.・5分--Alice,could youtell meLondon--Sure.Last Sunday.A.when Mr.Smith leftB.when Mr.Smith willleaveC.when didMr.Smith leaveD.when willMr.Smith leave
二、完形填空共分，共小题阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的、、、四个选项81ABCD中，选择最佳选项解决方法Real Solutionsto ProblemsThirtyengineers wereworking asa teamin acompany.They wereyoung andeager tolearn.The managementdecided toteachthem aboutfinding real solutions toproblemsOne day,the teamwas calledfor a13inahall.They werequite surprisedand allreachedthehallholdingvarious
14.Asthey entered,they founda boxplaced inthe center,full offlat balloons.The managerasked everyoneto picka balloonand blowit up.Then theywere askedto writetheir names on theirrespective各自的balloons15so thatthe balloonswouldnt blowout.All tried,hut noteveryone was16・Five balloonsblew outdue to压力.pressureThose whofailed tomark theirnamesonthe balloonswere17out of the game.As aresult,25engineers came to thenextlevel.All the balloons carryingtheirnameswere18and thenputinto aroom,here andthere.The engineerswere toldto pick theballoonwithhisor hername on,All the25engineers beganto searchfor therespectiveballoons ina rush.It wasalmost15minutes butno onewas ableto19the rightone.The secondlevelof thegamewasover.Then camethe finallevel.The engineerswere askedto pickany balloonand giveittoperson namedontheballoon.Within acoupleof minutes,all balloons20the handsoftherespective engineers.The managerannounced thiswastherealsolution to theproblem.Many timesinour life,sharing andhelping othersgive usrealsolutions toproblems.13A.game B.show C.concert D.patry14A.purposes B・suggestions C-thoughts D.plans15A.quietly B.carefully C.secretly D.clearly16A.honest B・ready C•patient D.succeesful17A.checked B・helped C.ruled D.cheated18A.collected B・weighed C.tied D.cleaned19A.mark B.hide C.number D.find20A.freed B・reached C.lifted D.hit
三、阅读下列短文.根据短文内容，从文后各所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项共分，每小题ABCD266分ARogerHi,there!It wasmy15th birthdaylast Saturday.Some ofmyfriendsand Alan,my cousin,cametocelebrate it.Everyone broughtmeagift,we playedgames,sang songsand hada bigbirthday cake.It wasreally awonderful day!Did youdoanything speciallast weekJessicaYes,My classwere ona schoolfield triplast week.First,We went to theUniversity ofNorth Carolinatolearnaboutthe historyof itsbasketball team.Many basketballstars werestudents there.Then wevisited amuseum.We learnedabout how theplane was invented andtook manypictures there.SaraWell,I waslucky enoughto gotoaconference（会议）on charity（慈善）last Wednesday.I wasso excitedto meetalot ofkind peoplethere.One ofthem wasa boynamed Richard.He spokeattheconference aboutthe charitywork thathe haddoneinthepast fewyears.SaniMartinIt wasa differentweek thanusual,Last Thursday,my schoolband（乐队）wenttoAtlanta toperform ina competition.I playedthe violinand wewon aprize!On Fridaywe wentto theGeorgia Aquariumand gotto seedifferent kindsof sealife fromoverthe world.It wasreally cool!Martin（）21When didRoger havehis birthdaypartyA・Last Wednesday.B・Last thursday.C.Last Friday.D.Last Saturday.（）22Who wentonaschoolfieldtriplastweekA.Alan.B.Jessica.C.Sara.D.Richard.23Martin wenttoAtlantato.A・speak ata conferenceB・organize apartyC.perform ina competitionD.visit auniversityBA BeautifulMomentWhen Iwasinhigh school.I workedpart-time helpingDad sellfruits andvegetables ata market.One day,as Iwas preparingthe fruits,a littleboy cameby withhis momand sister.He wasabout eightyears old,andthegirl,five orsix.They werelooking thefruitsin frontof me.I heardthe kidssay to their momin French,Theyre good!nIknew itwas French,because Ican speakandunderstand it.Then I noticedhowthe momwas pickingthe fruits.At firstI thoughtshe wasreally lookingatthefruits becauseshe wasfacingthem.But thenInoticedhow muchshe hadto feeland smelleach oneas shepicked themout.And sheoften askedher sonifit lookedokay,but lookedway abovewhere hisface was.Putting what I sawtogether,Iwas sureshewasblind.Both ofthe kidscontinued tohelp theirmom pickoutthefruits.The sonmade surethefruitswere notobviously bad,and thedaughterhanded themto hermom.The womanthen felteach oneand smiled,andthedaughter wouldput theminto theirbasket.The kidswere smilingwhile helping theirmompickthefruits out.Their smileand gentlemanner movedme ina waythat neverhappened before.It wassobeautifultoseesuchyoungkids sowillinglyhelp.Most kidsthat agewould bepicking outcandies ortoys ina storefor themselves,insteadofhelpingtheirmom pickoutfruits asthetwokidsdid.Itwasgreat towitness the moment,butnotso greatbecause Ididnt tell themomhow beautifulher childrenwere intheirlanguage,this iswhatIregret tothis day.24The womenand herkids cametothemarket tobuy.A.fruitsB・vegetablesC.candiesD.toys（）25According towhat hesaw,the writerwassurethe mothercouldnt.A・speakB.seeC.smellD・hear（）26The writerwas movedbecause.A.the motherwas braveto faceher problemsB・the kidswere politeand kindto eachotherC.the motherwas carefulin pickingout thingsD.the kidswere sowilling tohelp theirmotherCSome primaryschoolchildren havebeen raisedin homeswith more green spacearound.They arelikely tocome withlarger（关联）volumes of white and grey matter in certainareas ofthe brain.These differencesare associated with beneficialeffects on（认知功能）.cognitive functionThis isthe mainconclusion ofa studyled bythe BarcelonaInstitute forGlobal Health.（接触）The studywas performedamong253schoolchildren inSpain.Lifelong exposure to green space inthe livingplaceswas recorded-using theinformation onthe childrensaddresses frombirth upthrough tothe timeofthe study.Brain structurewas（）（注意力不集中）studied using3D magneticresonance imagingMRI.Working memory and inattentivenesswere gradedwithcomputers.This isthe firststudy thatshows theassociation betweenlong-term exposure togreen space andbrain structure.”Says Dr.Payam Dadvand,the leadingresearcher ofthe study.nOur findingssuggest thatexposuretogreen spaceearly inlife couldresult inbeneficialstructural changesinthe brain.”The findingsshow thatlong-term exposureto greennessis positivelyassociatedwithwhite andgrey mattervolumes inseveralparts ofthe brain.Some ofthem arerelated tohigher scoreson cognitivetests.Moreover,larger volumesofwhiteand greymatterin thoseparts mightlead tobetter working memoryandless inattentiveness.Exposure to nature hasbeen thoughttobenecessary forbrain developmentin children.Another studyof2,593childrenshows thatchildren inschool withmoregreenspace havea greaterincrease inworkingmemoryand agreater decreaseininattentiveness.Humans arebelieved tobe tiedtonature.Playing ingreener areasoffers childrenopportunities tosearch andlearn.Accordingly,greenspaceis thoughtto promptimportant exercisesin discovery,creativity andrisk taking.These exercisesin turnpositivelyinfluencebraindevelopment.Dr.Dadvand*s studysuggests howsuch structuralchanges couldbring aboutthe beneficialeffects ofgreen spacesoncognitive development.It alsoadds tothe proofthat suggeststhe lastingeffects ofearly lifeexposuretogreenness onour healthandthe benefitsof increasinggreenness incities.Further studiesare neededto provethe findingsin otherpopulations,settings andclimates.And researchersneed toexaminedifferences accordingtothenature andquality ofgreenspace.27Thesecondparagraph ismainly about.A.howthe studywasperformedB.what wasrecorded inthe studyC.how longthestudylastedD.who tookpart inthestudy28The wordprompt inparagraph6probably meansA.controlB・encourageC.balanceD.change29What canwe learnfrom thepassage A.Working memoryinfluences whiteandgreymatterinthebrain.B.Dr.Dadvand stressedthe importanceof changingthe environment.C・Studies provedthe influenceof greennesson populationsouts ofSpain.D.Living ingreener neighborhoodsbenefits childrenin braindevelopment.We oftenreach apoint inourlifewhen we should beready forchange thatwill helpus unlock ourself-improvement power.However,theres alwayssomething staringat usright underour nosebut wedont seeit.The onlytime wethink ofunlocking ourself-improvement poweris wheneverything getsworst.When dowe realizethat weneed tochange dietsWhen noneofourshirts andjeans wouldfit us.When dowe stopeatingcandies andchocolates Whenall ofour teethhave fallenoff.When dowe realizethatweneed tostop smokingWhen ourlungshave gonebad.We seethe warningsigns andsignals whenthings getrough anddifficult.The onlytime mostof usever learnabout unlockingourself-improvement poweriswhenthe wholeworld isfalling apart.忽视We thinkand feelthis waybecause itis noteasy tochange,but changebecomes morepainful when we ignoreit.Change willhappen,like itor hateit.At onepoint oranother,weareall goingto finallyunlockourself-improvement powernot because the world saysso,but becausewerealizeits forour owngood.Happy peopledont justaccept change；they embrace拥抱it.Unlocking ourself-improvement powermeans unlockingourselves outoftheboxofthoughtthat isjust theway weare.It issuch apoor excusefor peoplewho fearchange.Jane alwaystells everyonethat shedoesnt havethe couragetobearound groupsof people.She heardher familytellthesamethings abouthertootherpeople.Over theyears,that iswhat Janehas believed.Every timeagreatcrowdcome,she stepsback andlocksherselfupinaroom.Jane notonly believesin herstory,but livesit!Self-improvement maynotbeeverybodys favoriteword,but ifwe lookat thingsinadifferent way,we mighthave greaterchancesof enjoyingthewholeprocess insteadof countingthe daysuntil weare fullyimproved.Three sessionsinaweek atthegym wouldresult ina healthierlife.Reading booksevery daywould buildup knowledge.And onlywhenweareenjoyingthewhole processofunlockingourself-improvement powerwill werealizethatwe*rebeginningtotake thingslightand becomehappy.30The writermentions thethree questionsin Paragraph2to showthat.A.we learnour lessonswhenweexperience pain.B.weareresponsible forthe problemswe meet.C.life failsus whenwe getinto thewrong way.D.life isa longjourney fullof upsand downs.31What isthe keyto solvingJanes problemA.She needsto rememberwhy shestarted.B・She hasto knowhow toget onwith people.C.She hasto realizeshe isnot whatshe isin herstory.D.She needstounderstandthe importanceof confidence.32The writerprobably agreesthat.A.theworldtells ushow toimprove ourselves.B・people changewhen theyfind iteasy todo that.C.welcoming changeinlifeisadrive tobecome better.D.enjoyingtheprocessofself-improvement makeslife simpler.33Which ofthe followingwould bethe besttitle forthe passageA.Is itimportant totakethingslightB.Is itnecessary toembrace challengesC.To holdontothe lastmoment orto giveupD.To freeourselvesoutofthebox orto stayin it
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题.共分，每小题分1010When itcomes tothe lettergrade onyour testor homework,you mightnotice thatthereisno letter E.Have youever thoughtaboutwhy thatis soIntheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem,the firstfourlettersaretypicallyconsideredpassinggrades.An Fin thissystemsimply standsfornfailn.The word,,fail,happens tostart withtheletterF,which seemsto leaveouttheletterE.The factofthematteris thatany lettercan meannot-passing orfail・Some schoolshave Ugrade forHunsatisfactoryn,or Igrade forincomplete”.Even withall thissaid,weshouldalso pointout thatE gradeactually hasbeen usedpretty commonlythroughout thehistoryof lettergrades inthe US.The firstcollege intheUSto usea lettergradingsystemlike theones weuse todayis MountHolyokeCollege.In1897,theybegan tousethefollowinggradingscale A95-100%excellentB85-94%good。
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