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镇海中学高三上英语周测
（二）241222满分分考试时间分钟8040AFor thosewho havenever beento Harbin theres almostan endlesslist ofthings todo.Here areseveralactivities thathave to be included.Turning waterinto instanticeOne cantgo to the IceSnow Wordwithout stoppingby theSun Island Snow Expo.After all,the formeris for（照亮的）appreciating illuminatedice atnight,and thelatter isfor checkingout snowin thedaytime.Tourists fromthesouth mightbe astonishedby thebright sunshinereflected in the snow,so dontforget thesunscreen.This isalso a good place to tosswater and watch it turn into ice instantly.Find asafe placewith noone nearby,and enjoythe uniquephenomenon.（雪地滑轮胎）Snow tubingon the Songhua RiverInwinter,theSonghua River turnsinto thousandsof milesof ice“and becomesa naturalice-skating rink.The frozenriver offersopportunities for many differentwinter activities.But makesure theice issolid beforegoing（跺月却）stomping in the snow.Speeding downYabuli Ski ResortOne placeyou shouldntmiss whenvisiting Harbinis Yabuli SkiResort,where you can skidown splendidsnow-covered mountains.The snowis thickand moderatelyhard.There arejunior,middle andsenior skiruns.Professional staffare availableto improveyour skiing ability.
1.Which isagoodplacetoenjoy anight sceneA.YabuliSkiResort.B.The SunIslandSnowExpo.C.The SonghuaRiver.D.The Ice-Snow World.
2.What canvisitors doin HarbinA.Get professionalguidance forfree whileskating.B.Go downthe worldslongest iceslide onSonghuaRiver.C.Choose differentroutes based on theirskiingability.D.Toss waterandwatchitturnintoicewherever youwant.
3.Whafs thearticle intendedforA.Reminding visitorsof safetravelling.B.Advertising winteractivities ofHarbin.C.Attracting visitorsto investin HarbinD.Explaining requirementsto visitors.“Keep learningand strivetobethe bestin yourfield“is themotto ofXu Zhenchao,a74-year-old technicianatShandong PortGroups QingdaoPort inShandong province.Its anethic thathas guidedhim throughouthiscareer,leading tohis recentrecognition asa PeoplesCraftsman”.When hestarted workingat the port in1974,he operateda liftingmachine.To swiftlymaster theskill,Xudedicated himselfto practicingfor hoursand finallyachieved proficiency.Xus professionalismsaw himselected（起重机）as oneof thefirst containerbridge craneoperators in
1984.By studyingdiligently,Xu graduallybecamean expertin operatingand repairingbridge cranes.In2000,when theport initiatedthe construction of anewterminal.Xu wasappointed asthe chiefcommander overseeingthe installationof cranes.After more than40daysof hardwork,a massive bridge crane,weighing1,300metric tonsand towering75meters high,finally stoodon theexpansivedock at Qianwan.The advancedcrane equipmentenabled Xu and hiscolleagues toset aworld recordforcontainer handlingby unloading3,400standard containersfrom aship andloading themonto trucksin justsixhours.（改造）In2006,after twoyears oftechnical researchand development,Xu andhis teamconverted（柴由动力）diesel-powered7tire cranesto runon electricity,saving theport20million yuana yearin operatingcostsand eliminatingair pollution.“He isa manborn fbrtheport/9said GuoLei,his apprentice（学徒），who is now anexpert craneoperator,He showstechnical workersthe importanceof learningand innovating.”
4.What doesparagraph2mainly talkaboutA.Xus anticipations.B.Xus achievements.C.Xus careerchallenges.D.Xus educationalbackground.
5.What didXuandhis teamachieve in2006A.Establishing anew terminalatQianwan.B.Setting aworld recordfor containerhandlingC.Reducing costand protectingthe environment.D.Installing amassivebridgecrane on the dock.
6.How doesthe authordevelop thetextA.By listingthe causes.B.By comparingthe contributions.C.By summarizingthe events.D.By followingthe orderof events,
7.What canwe learnfrom XusstoryA.Two headsare betterthan one.
8.A slowsparrow shouldmake an early startC.Learning andinnovating arekey tosuccess.D.Science andtechnology arethe primaryproductive forces.The ancientRomans arewell-known fortheir engineeringtechniques,notably demonstratedthrough the（高架渠）constructionof aqueducts and the useof pozzolanicconcrete.The propertiesof thisconcrete have（）（石灰）.generally beencredited toits ingredients:pozzolana amix ofvolcanic ash and limeWhen mixedwithwater,the twomaterials canreact toproduce strongconcrete.（）In2023,a researchteam fromthe MassachusettsInstitute ofTechnology MITuncovered newfindingsregarding thecomposition andmixing techniquesof Romanconcrete.Traditionally,the presenceof smalllime（碎屑）clasts in the concretewas dueto poormixing,but thatdid notmake senseto AdmirMasic,a scientistofMIT.If theRomans putso mucheffort intomaking anoutstanding constructionmaterial,following allof thedetailedrecipes thathad beenoptimized overthe courseof manycenturies,why wouldthey putso littleeffort intoensuringthe productionofawell-mixed finalproduct Therehas tobe moreto thisstory.”To investigatefurther,Masic andthe teamanalyzed ancientconcrete samplesfrom Privernum,Italy,using（熟石灰）advanced imagingtechniques.Their findingschallenge theconventional beliefthat slakedlime was the（生石灰）primary ingredient.Instead,it appearsthat theRomans may have usedquicklime mixeddirectly withpozzolanaand waterat hightemperatures,a processtermed hot mixing.This methodnot onlyproduced uniquehigh-temperature compoundsbut alsoaccelerated curingand settingtime,facilitating quickerconstruction.A significantadvantage ofthis hotmixing processis theself-healing characteristicsgiven bythe lime clasts.When cracksdevelop,water seepsin andinteracts with the clasts,which arelarger insurface areathan surroundingparticles.This reactiongenerates calcium-rich solutionsthat hardeninto calciumcarbonate,effectively sealingthecracks,This phenomenonhas beenobserved inother ancientRoman structures,reconfirming thedurability of theirconcrete.The MITteam conductedexperiments usingboth ancientand modern concrete recipeswith quicklime,finding thatthe quicklimeconcrete completelyhealed withintwo weeksafter cracking,while controlsampleswithout quicklimeremained damaged.With theseinsights,researchers aimto developmore environmentallyfriendlyand durable concrete options,potentially revolutionizingmodem constructionpractices.
8.What misconception about Romanconcrete didMasic challengeA.Volcanic ashwastheprimary ingredient.B・Ancient Romanstructures werenot durable.
9.Presence oflimeclastsindicated inadequatemixing.
10.Romans merelyused volcanic ashandlime fortheir concrete.
9.What does“hotmixing^involveA.Mixing materialsat lowtemperatures.B.Using slakedlime onlyinthemixture.C.Adding waterto quicklimeat hightemperatures.D.Combining quicklime,volcanicashand waterat hightemperatures.
10.What doesthe researchimply formodern constructionpracticesA.Lime shouldnot becontained inmodernconcrete.B・Modern techniquesfor durabilitycan beemployed.C.Quicklime can be used to reduceconstruction time.D.Sustainable anddurableconcretealternatives areneeded.
11.Which isthe besttitle ofthe passageA.The Secretsof RomanConcreteB・The Roleof Engineersin AncientRomeC.The Importanceof Aqueductsin RomanArchitectureD.Modern ConstructionTechniques Inspiredby AncientRomeDFields rangingfrom roboticsto medicineto politicalscience are attempting to train AI systems to makemeaningful decisionsof allkinds.Unfortunately,teaching anAIsystemto make good decisionsisnoeasy task.Inthe caseof traffic,a modelmight struggleto controla setof intersectionswith varyingspeed limits,numbers oflanes,or trafficpatterns.To boostthe reliabilityof modelsfor complextasks,MIT researchershave developeda moreefficientalgorithm totrain AIsystems forcomplex decision-making tasks,such astraffic signalcontrol.The newalgorithm,known asModel-Based TransferLearning MBTL,strategically selectsthe besttasks for training anAI agenttoperform effectivelyacross acollection ofrelated tasks.This approachmaximizes performancewhile keepingtrainingcosts low.Traditionally,engineers train algorithms fortraffic lightsat multipleintersections byeither trainingonealgorithm perintersection independentlyortraininga single,larger algorithmusing datafrom allintersections.Thefirst methodis time-consuming anddata-intensive,while thesecond oftenresults insubpar performance.Cathy Wu,a seniorauthor andmember ofMITs Laboratoryfor Informationand DecisionSystems LIDS,explains thattheir methodfinds a middle ground.We wonderedif wecould trainonasubset oftasks,apply theresultto alltasks,and stillsee aperformance increase/5Wu says.MBTL modelshow welleach algorithmwould performif trainedindependently andhow itsperformancewould degradewhen transferred to other tasks,a conceptknown asgeneralization performance.By explicitlymodelinggeneralization performance,MBTL estimatesthe valueof trainingon newtasks.It selectstasks insequence,starting withthose thatoffer thehighest performancegain,then choosesadditional tasksthat providethemost significantmarginal improvementsto overallperformance.This focusonthe most promisingtasksdramatically improvestraining efficiency.The MBTLalgorithm hastwo components:one thatmodels individualtask performanceand anotherthatmodels thedegradation ofperformance whentransferredtoothertasks.This dualapproach allowsfor amore（微妙的）nuanced understandingof howtotrainAI agentseffectively.In the future,the researchersplan todesign MBTLalgorithms thatcan extendto morecomplex problems,such ashigh-dimensional taskspaces.They arealso interestedin applyingtheir approachto real-world problems,especially innext-generation mobilitysystems.
12.Which ofthe followingis trueaccording to the passageA.Researchers areworking onthe planto promotethe extensiveapplication of MBTL.B.Researchers haveselected somebest AImodels to makegood decisions.C.Researchers havefigured outthe waysto improvethe efficiencyof AIdecision-making.D.Researchers manageto findamiddleground whentraining AItomakegooddecisions.
13.What doesthe underlinedword“subpar inparagraph3meanA.inferior B.substantial C.unexpected D.superb
14.What isthemostdistinctive featureof MBTLcompared to the traditionalalgorithmsA.It canperform multipletasks ata time.B.It isdesigned tokeep thecosts low.C.It featuresgeneralization performance.D.It makesthe algorithmmuch moreaccessible.
15.What arethe Paragraphs5and6mainly aboutA.The functionsof MBTL.B.The fundamentalsof MBTL.C,The componentsofMBTL.D.The generalizationperformance ofMBTL.第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）
52.
512.5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项（）（互联网定位技术）Artificial IntelligenceAI geolocationsolutions arechanging theway researcherstrackand monitorwildlife,enabling morepowerful conservationefforts.These systemsuse advancedsensors,satellite（算法）imagery,and machinelearning algorithmsto gatherreal-time dataon animalmovements,habitatpreferences,and migrationpatterns.16Traditional trackingmethods oftenrely onnon-automatic trackingor inconvenientnecklace-likesystems,which maycause stressand discomforttothe animals.17The devicescan workas tagsandthecameratraps can be setup remotely,which decreaseshuman impacton wildlife.In addition,Al-powered devicescollect andanalyze dataprecisely.Through theirassistance,scientists cangaininsights intohabitat choicesand evaluatethe effectof globalwarming onwild animallocations.18Forexample,by analyzingthe collecteddata,conservationists canpromote targetedhabitat restorationeffortsaccording tothe patternsand connectionsthey discoveredwiththehelp of AI geolocationdevices.19By monitoringanimals behavioralchanges inreal-time,researchers canquickly detectsigns ofenvironmentalissues.Sudden changesin ananimals movementscould indicatethreats orproblems.Researcherscan thenrespond immediately,potentially savingthe animalslife.Sharing geolocationdata throughonline platformscan alsohelp raiseawareness aboutprotecting endangeredspecies.20This help them feelmore connectedtotheissues wildlifeface inhabitats.The bondpromotes asense ofresponsibilityamong individualsand encouragesthem tocontribute to wildlife conservationefforts throughvariousmeans,such asdonations,volunteer work,and soon.A.This knowledgeenables themtomakeaccurateand efficientdecisions.B.However,AI trackingdoes notrequire disturbingcontact withtheanimals.C.AI monitoringneeds fewerbattery replacementsthan thetraditional methods.D.The solutionshave offeredthe followingkey benefitstowildlifeconservation.E.Directly engagingwith conservationefforts givespeople afirst-hand experience.F.The AIgeolocation technologysignificantly reducesthe needfor massivefieldwork.G.With real-time data,the AIsolutions alsofunction asanearlywarning forwildlife risks.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下3015115面短文，从短文后各题所给的、、和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项A B C D（宝藏）Each familyhas atreasure troveof recipes.Despite millionsof onlinerecipes at21,there areother millionshidden inthe recipeboxes andkitchen22of ourgrandmothers,aunts,cousins andparents!Yes,these familyrecipes”area23part of your familyhistory.Dishes cookedby ourgrandmothers andmothersare24to ourhearts.Sabudana Khichdimade bymy grandmotherremains impressedin my25and alwaysbrings a26to myfacewhen I27the memoriesrelated withher.When28inthebed beforegetting upI stillcan getthe29of mygrandmascooking,which sheusedtodopretty earlyinthemorning.I always30remember ourchildhood andthe relationshipswith familymembers.The traditionof foodis carriedon fromone generationtotheother andcanbe31for severaldecades9rightfrom thepast tothe presentand ontothefutureas well.They32us oflong forgottenexperiences andallow ustorevisit feelingsof comfort,satisfaction orexcitement.Some familyrecipes havebeen33formanygenerations andare knownas keepers”inour family.Some recipesevolve overgenerations and34new picturesbasedonour individualityand personalstyle.No matterhow theychange,they arealways about35with past
21.A.ankles B・fingertips C.heels D.feet
22.A.mirrors B.tables C・drawers D.sinks
23.A.special B.common C・terrible D.confusing
24.A.comfortableB.satisfied C・dear D.welcomeD・memories
25.A.body B.soul C.hands
26.A.smile B.surprise C.puzzle D,horror
27.A.rebuild B.recollect C・share D.store
28.A.thinking B,dreaming C・resting D.lazing
29.A.sense B・smell C.sight D・taste
30.A.bitterly B.doubtfully C.vividly D.vaguely
31.A.traced B.applied C.combed D.abolished
32.A.convince B・inform C・warn D.remindC.knocked downD.closed down
33.A.turned downB,passed downD・put up
34.A.show offB.bring outC・take onD.dealing
35.A.connecting B.corresponding C.startinggenerations—the peoplewho raisedyou andthe peoplebefore them.第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内10L5151单词的正确形式Digital twinsare fastbecoming partof everydaylifeWhen visitinga doctora fewyears fromnow,youcanexpect tobe accompaniedby avirtual versionof传唤yourself.This so-called digitaltwin willbe a36work modelofyourbody thatcanbesummoned ontoaphysicians computerscreen.37update withyour latestvital signs,it willhelpthedoctor makean accuratediagnosis.It alsoopens thedoor formedicines andprocedures designedspecifically foryou,greatly increasingrecoveryrates.This mightseem likefantasy,but thefoundations arebeing laid.Researchers atQueen MaryUniversity ofLondonalready usecomputer simulationsofthehearts ofindividual patients38evaluate differenttreatments for房颤动，atrial fibrillationa commondisorder.39would befar toorisky toexperiment thisway onsomeones realheart.40other organsalso beingtwinned byscientists,it seemslikely theywill eventuallylink upto forma virtualbody.As ourScience amp;technology sectionreports,digital twinsare startingto popup everywhere.Theybegan asbasic computermodels ofphysical objectsand systems.41computers havebecome morepowerful,twins havebecome moresophisticated.Complex designand modellingsoftware meansmany physicalobjectsinitially takeshape inthe virtualworld.Small sensors,capable ofmeasuring allsorts ofthings,42feed twinswithreal-time data,ensuring thatthey mirrortheir physicalcounterparts.A Formula1racing car,for instance,mayhavemorethan250sensors updatingits digitaltwin duringa grandprix.The useofAItakes allthis much43far,allowing virtualmodels tobecome moresophisticated,and toboth反乌托邦的simulate andoptimize activitiesinthereal world.You44worry thatthis signalsa dystopianfuture;Morpheus,a characterinascience-fiction filmfrom199945a perceptivemachine conqueredhumanity throughpervasivevirtual reality,had aname forit.He said:The Matrixis everywhere.It isall aroundus.”参考答案:题号12345678910答案1C BB C D CCDD题号11121314151617181920答案A CA CB DB AG E题号21222324252627282930答案B CA CD AB DB C题号3132333435答案A DBCA
36.working
37.Updated
38.to evaluate
39.It
40.With
41.As
42.feed
43.further
44.may
45.where。
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