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冠词是一种虚词，放在名冠词的用法及练习a,an,the词的前面，帮助说明名词要点:的含义冠词分不定冠词77/e Indefinite和定冠词两种是不定冠词，用在辅音之前如Am.c/e T/ze definitea anbook,a用在元音之前，如等；是定冠词；零冠man;an anold man,an hour,an interestingbook the词是指不使用冠词的情形,一■不定冠词的用法L表示一个，某一个，每一，”再一,又一“，或同一,相同“等，但没有one强烈罗马不是一天建成的e.g.Rome isnot builtin a day.A Mr.Smith iswaiting foryou at the schoolgate.He usuallyworks eighthours aday.You cantry ita secondtime ifyou fail.They areof anage./Birds of a featherflocks together.
2.泛指某一类人或物，意为“任何一个，任一e.g.A squarehas foursides.汽车一定要上保险A carmust be insured.
3.当物质名词具体化表示“一类、阵,份『等；抽象名词具体化为的人或者事”时军人必须服从命令A soldiermust obeyorders.e.g.Green teais awonderful tea.We don7have muchrain here,but lastnight wehad aheavy rain.Reading is a pleasurefor me.The meetingisagreat success.
4.表示季节、月份、日期、三餐的名词，或表示世上独一无二的物体名词前有形容词修饰时e.g.We haveaevery cold winter lastyear.This happenedon arain Sundaytowards theend ofMay.源于动词的名词与take/have连用时，属于定搭配We hopewe cansee a full moontonight.e.g.take alook;take awalk;have abreak;have avisit to...
6.用于某些固定词组中，属于英语习惯用法及固定搭配的情形e.g.all ofa sudden;as amatter offact;as aresult;as arule;as awhole;at adistance;in away;ina hurry;in asense;in aword;do sb.a favour;have a good time;have aword with;go forawalk;make adifference;make afool ofoneself;make aliving;pay avisit to;take aninterest in;tell alie;agood/wise knowledge of;a danger/threat tosb.;come as a surprise/shock;wish sb.a MenyChristmas...二,定冠词the的用法-普通名词前加定冠词的用法
1.表示特定的人或物，上文中提到的人或物，说话双方都熟悉的或能领会的人或物e.g.The penon thedeskbelongs to the girlstanding besideBetty.Lets go to thestation tomeet him.
2.用于单数可数名词前，表示类别，整个族类或某项发明e.g.The dolphinis anintelligent animal.
3.用于表示方位.然现象的名词前The compasswas inventedin Chinaabout2000years ago.e.g.The coldwind fromthe northcontributed to the dropof thetemperature.Turn tothe right.注这些词与形容词连用时常用不定冠词如〃用卬沅顺风d
4.表示世上独一无二的事物前e.g.the sun,the earth,the sun...注有形容词修饰时要加不定冠词如::afullmoon;a bluesky...
5.表示乐器的名词前e.g.play thepiano,play theviolin...注体育运动项目前面不加如the^play football,play basketball,play volleyball...
6.用于某些形容词前表示一类人或物e.g.the poor,the rich,the old,the young,the living,the dead,the wounded,the deaf,the blind,thelearned,the aged,the unemployed,the accused,the elderly...
7.用于复数姓氏前表示一家人或夫妇二人e.g.the Whites,the Greens,the Obamas,the Hus...
8.表示世纪、年代的名词前e.g.in the20th century,in the1980s...9用于序数词或形容词的最高级前；或有等的名词前.only,very,same,right,juste.g.He was the onlyperson whowas invitedtotheball inhis office.Linda is the cleverestgirl inher class.
10.介词by表示计量时，其后表示“时间、长度、体积、面积”e.g.Pencils aresold by the dozen.You get paid by the hour.
11.表示“抓、打人的某身体部位”时，身体部位的名词前要加定冠词e.g.The womantook meby the arm.
12.用于后面带有修饰语句（介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语或定语从句）的名词前e.g.Tokyo is the capitalof Japan.He workedin thefactory whichlies in the eastof thecity.
13.用于某些固定短语或句式e.g.in theyear2019,in themorning/afternoon,in thebeginning,in theend,at thebeginning of;atthe end of,at theback of,in themiddle of,in thecenter of,in thedistance,at theage of,at thefootof,atthetop of,on theedgeof,by theway,by theendof,in theform of,the otherday,be inthehabit of,have/form thehabit of,take theplace of tothepoint,on thecontrary,on theother9hand,for thetime being,in thelong run,on thedecline,on themarch...
（二）专有名词前加定冠词的情况
1.用于江河、湖泊、海洋、海峡、海湾.群岛、ft脉.沙漠等专有名词前长江红海名词前e.g.the YangtzeRiver,/e RedSea（江河海洋的J台湾海峡墨西哥湾的名词前）阿尔卑斯the TaiwanStraits,the Gulfof Mexico（海峡海湾ft,/e Desert撒哈拉沙漠（用于ft脉沙漠的名词前）
2.用于由普通名词和专有名词构成的国家、党派、组织、机构、公共建筑物或历史古迹等前e.g.the Peoplefs Republicof China中华人民共和国（用于国家名称）国家美术馆军事博物馆名前）the NationalGallery TieMilitary Museum（公共建筑the State国务院参议院，词前）Council,the Senate机关、团体名众议院词前）the Houseof Representatives（机关、团体名
3.用于报刊，杂志、会议、条约、时期、朝代、历史事件等专有名词前人民日报泰晤士报大西洋公约e.g.the People5Daily,the Times,the AtlanticPact,the Middle中世纪明代日内瓦协议，Ages,the MingDynasty,the GenevaAgreement/e WashingtonPost华盛顿邮报（用于之前）报刊、条约
4.用于表示民族、国籍的专有名词前e.g.the British;the Chinese
三、零冠词的用法
1.复数名词、抽象名词或物质名词表示泛指时eg Failureisthemother ofsuccess.Paper ismade fromwood.
2.表示季节、月份、日期、星期的名词或表示节假日的名词前e.g.in spring,on Sunday,in January,on Christmas...注in thespring of2006,the SpringFestival,the Mid-Autumn Festival...
3.表示三餐、体育运动、学科、运输或通讯方式的名词前e.g.have breakfast,play basketball,I likeEnglish,by bus,by telephone,by email...
4.表示人名、地名.国名,街道名、大学、公,车站.机场,港口、广场,桥梁等前Jack,London,Japan,Zhejiang University,Tianhe Park,Tian anmenSquare...e.g.注股儿夕加杰，例外情况the Universityof Toronto;the Philippines;the/…5表示职务,官衔的名词做表语、同位语.补语时.e.g.We electedhim monitor.
6.在turn/go作“变为，成为”，其后做表语的名词不加冠词；当as引导让步状语从句时，从句中做表语的名词要放在如前，且不加冠词；在以“名词+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，名词前不加冠词e.g.He usedto bea medicalstudent beforehe turnedwriter.Child ashe is,he knowsa lot.
7.当man作“人类”、space作“太空”n.ature作“然界”.作“社会”.heaven作“天堂.天societyA manran over,sword inhand.”时不用冠词
8.在称呼语前不加冠词e.g.Come in,boy.What areyou doing,mumWhats thematter,Granny
9.交通工具名词前不用冠词e.g.by car,by ship,by plane,on foot...
10.在某些固定词组中e.g.at home,write inpencil-write witha pencil,at daybreak,at surprise,at dawn,at noon,atdusk,at sunset,at sundown,at night,day andnight,day afterday,day by day,hand inhand,sideby side,from topto bottom,from beginningto end,from eastto west,from morningtill nigh...
四、在一些短语中，有无冠词意义大不强同，如在白天；按天计算e.g.bydaybytheday如果，万一；沅就来说in casethe caseof负责管理；山协由负责bi chargeof,e去做礼拜去学习；到教堂去学校去go tochurdt/school/go tothe church/school/毫无疑问；不可能的out ofquestion outof thequestion注有些短语意义一样，但写法却不同大体上，就整体来看On thewhole-asawhole以为例take...for example=take...as anexample
五、冠词的特殊位置
1.不定冠词在感叹句中e.g.What alovely dayit is!-How lovelyadayit is!
2.不定冠词与such,as too连用so,9e.g.He issuch afamous writerthat...=He isso famousa writerthat...This isas dijficulta problemastheone wemet yesterday.It fstoo expensivea carfor meto afford.
3.不定冠词与连用时half,many,quite,rathere.g.half adozen ofeggs;half an hourmany ateenagerquite agood idea/rather acoldwinter注anhourand a half,one andahalfhours
4.定冠词与等连用all,both,half,doublee.g.All thestudents feelthey areunder too much pressure.Half theaudience werebored withthe movie.1paid doublethe price.
六、泛指概念的四种表达方式（易错点，此处做重点强调）不带妨的不可数名词可以表示泛指
7.e我喜欢音乐e.g.I likemusic.不带the的复数可数名词表示泛指
2.香蕉是黄色的e.g.Bananas areyellow..“统单数可数名词”可以表示泛指3e+大象是陆地上最大的哺乳动物e.g.The elephantisthelargest landmammal.“不定冠词/加+单数可数名词”可以表示泛指
4.狗是很好的宠物e.g.A dogmakes goodpet.练习一选择
1.The visitorshere aregreatly impressedbythefact thatpeople fromall walksof lifeareworking hardfor newJiangsu.（2010高考英语江苏卷,21）不填；不填；；；A.a B.the C.thea D.the the
2.Everything comeswith price;there isno suchthing asfree lunchin theworld.（2010高考英语重庆卷,27）A.a,a B.the,/C.the,a D.a,/
3.Many lifestylepatterns dosuch great harmto healththat theyactually speedupweakening of the humanbody.（2010高考英语浙江卷,2）A.a;/B./;the C.a;the D./;/
4.In mostcountries,a universitydegree cangive youflyingstart inlife.（2010高考英语四川卷,2）不填不填；不填不填A.the;a B.the;C.D.;a
5.If wesit nearfront ofthe bus,weH havebetter view.（2010高考英语ft东卷,22）不填；不填；；A.the B.a C.the;a D.the the
6.There areover58,000rocky objectsin space,about900of whichcould falldownonto earth.（2010高考英语辽宁卷，22）不填；不填A.the;the B.the C.the;D.a;the
7.Its goodfeeling forpeople toadmire theshanghai worldexpo thatgives thempleasure.（2010高考英语福建卷,21）不填；不填A.a B.a;C.the;a D.a;the
8.First impressionsare themost lasting.After all,you neverget secondchance tomakefirst impression.（2010高考英语北京卷,35）A.a;the B.the;the C.a;a D.the;a
9.
16.As hereached frontdoor,Jack sawstrange sight.（2011•全国ID不填不填A.the;B.a;the C.a D.the;a
10.As isknow toall,Peoples Republicof Chinais Biggestdeveloping countryinthe world.（2011•陕西卷）不填不填不填；不填A.the;B.;the C.the;the D.
11.Dr.Peter Spemce,headmaster ofthe school,told us,fifth ofpupils herego onto studyat OxfordandCambridge.（2011•四川卷,18）不填；不填A.A B.;The C.the;The D.a;A
12.Its saidJohn willbeina jobpaying over860,00year-He alsogetpaidby week.（2011•江西卷，22）A.the;the B.a;the C.D.a;a
13.It isgenerally acceptedthat boymust learnto standup andfight likeman.（2011•全国新课标卷,33）不填A.a;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;
14.Experts thinkthat recentlydiscovered paintingmay bePicasso,（2011•浙江卷,2）不填不填A.the.B.a;the C.a;D.the;a
15.Take yourtime-it5s justshort distancefrom hereto restaurant.（2ou・ft东卷，21）不填；不填；A.the B.a;the C.the;aD.a
16.In communication,a smileis usuallystrong signofafriendly andopenattitude.（2011•重庆，26）A.the,/B.a,an C.a,/D.the,an练习一答案1-5ADBDC5-10BBCDC10-16ABADBC练习二用填空“a,an,the,/”
1.Have nice day.
2.Do youlike spiders
3.Would youlike apple
4.Where arescissors
5.I hadargument withJo.
6.We eatcereal for breakfast.
7.You canhave lastpiece ofchocolate.
8.I usuallyhave showerinthemorning.
9.I dontunderstand question.
9.11think bankcloses at5oclock
11.Jane likessugar inher tea.
12.Did yougotodoctors
13.1use interneta lot.
1..1drink waterwhen Iam thirsty.
15.You watchtoomuchtelevision!
16.Its bitcold inhere.
17.1received interestingemail fromJo.
18.1will forwardemail toyou.
19.1missed myappointment becausetraffic wasbad.
20.1am crazyabout readinghistory books.练习二答案l.a
2./
3.an
4.the
5.an
6./
7.the
8.a
9.the
10.the
11./
12.the
13.the
14715./
16.a
17.an
18.the
19.the
20./练习三用填空“a,an,the,/”
9.apple aday keepsthe doctoraway.
10.avalanche killedfour skiersin Austriatoday.
11..huge aperan outoftheforest andstole mypicnic hamper.
17.River Thamesflows rightthrough themiddle ofLondon.
2.a
3.an
4.the
5.an
6.a
7.a
8.the
9.An
10.An1LA
12.the
13.the
14.the
15.a
16.a
17.The
18.an。
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