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第讲特别句式4[全国卷考情分析]题型典题试做命题解读
1.(2024•全国卷H)Chinas approachtoprotecting itsenvironment whilefeeding(feed)its citizensoffers usefullessonsfor agricultureand foodpolicymakers强调句是高考的难点,倒装句是高考的热worldwide.点此外,状语从句中的省略、祈使句和语法填空
2.(2024•全国卷H)It couldbethere be句型的各种时态的应用也是高考anything-gardening,cooking,music,sports考查的重点项目—but whateverit is,make(make)sure itsarelief fromdaily stressrather thananotherthing toworry about.
1.(2024•全国卷H)They weretworeasons forthe decision.Theyf There
2.
1.倒装句中助动词或系动词的缺失或误(2024•山东青岛一中模拟)1had trouble用;overcoming my addiction to alcohol,and so
2.强调句型中it或that的误用;was myfriend Mike,was fdid短文改错
3.感叹句中what和how的误用;
3.(2024•湖南师大附中检测)It isthe
4.祈使句中动词原形的误用;stable andcomfortable lifewhere has
5.there be句型中be动词单复数的误用destroyed theyoung mansambition tobe a或者there错用为其他词great explorer,wheref thatI精剖析语法突破•题组微练分点精讲考占一*侄」装句1
八、、V[题组试做]I.单句语法填空
1.2024•四川部分名校联测At the top of the hilllie an old cottagewhich hasa wonderfulviewof thewhole city.lies[当介词短语置于句首时,句子应用完全倒装,去除修饰部分which hasawonderful viewof thewhole city后,还原成正常语序为An oldcottageof study.To solvethis problem,they shouldbear inmind makingthe fulluse ofclass isthe bestway to improve the efficiency of study.After all,time andtide waitsfor noman.【答案】knownclassroom isa placewhere studentsought towork hard to realizeAs we all--------knowdream thatmakestheir-----------.However,there aresome studentsnot usingclass properly,whichdreamsplayedthings gofrom bad to worse.For example,some studentsmobile phones or sleepplayinclass,wasting plentyof precious time.What,s worse,some studentsenjoy with others.chatNot onlydoes it affect theirown study,but italso doesharm toothers.chattingconcern.,As faras Iam--------------------the mainreason isthat theydon t realize theconcernedimportant江7---------------of study.To solvethis problem,they shouldbear inmind makingthe fullimportanceuse ofclass isthe bestwaytoimprovetheefficiencyofstudy.After all,time andwaitstidefor noman.waitlie at thetopof thehill.句意山顶上坐落着一间能一览全城美景的古老小屋结合定语从o句的时态可以推断,此处应用一般现在时,故填lies]
2.2024•崇州模拟Hardly shegone outwhen astudent cameto visither.had[此题考查hardly...when句式,该句式主句应用过去完成时]
3.2024•7胡W匕/I市联考Not untilthen Iknow mysenior high school lifehad reallybegun.then后加did[not until位于句首要用部分倒装,依据语境可知助动词用过去时][要点解读]
1.完全倒装表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语here,there,now,then,up,down,away,off,in,out,in theroom,on thewall等置于句首,且主语为名词时At themeeting placeof theYangtze Riverand theJialing Riverlies Chongqing,one oftheten largestcities inChina.在长江和嘉陵江的交汇处,坐落着中国十大城市之一的重庆
1.单句语法填空
1.2024•湖W匕襄阳四校联考Although itwas ten years agoI readthe book,it showsme auniversal truththat booksare friends,always pushingus tomove on.that[分析句子结构可知,本句为强调句型,强调时间状语,故填that]
2.(2024•湖北荆门调研)It wasntuntil inhighschoolI beganto trustother peopleagain.that[句意直到上了中学我才起先再次信任别人本句考查强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”,且强调时间状语,故填that]
3.(2024•江西樟树中学等六校联考)In thatway,World ReadAloud Day(do)help makeadifference.does[句意通过那种方式,世界大声读书日的确帮助产生了影响本句主语为World ReadAloudDay,设空处后的谓语动词是动词原形help,依据提示词do可知本题考查强调do/does/did放在实义动词前表示强调因主语为第三人称单数,故填does]II.单句改错
4.(2024•湖南衡阳市八中、永州市四中一联)It isworking inteams insteadof onmy ownwhichhas freedme fromtrouble andmade mywork moreefficient.which-that[句意是团队合作而不是我自己单打独斗使我克服了困难并使我的工作效率更高本句考查强调句型强调句型为It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他成分由此可见需将which改为thato][要点解读]
1.陈述句式It is/was...that/who..・(强调人时可用that或who,强调物时只用that)一般疑问句Is/Was+it+...that/who...特别疑问句疑问词+is/was+it+that...It waswhen Igot backto myapartment that I firstcame acrossmy newneighbors.正是当我回到公寓的时候,我第一次遇到我的新邻居们Was iton alonely islandthat hewas savedone monthafter theboat wentdown他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗?
2.“not...until.・.”的强调句It is/was not until...that...(留意时态)(湖南高考)It wasnotuntilI camehere thatI realizedthis placewas famousfor notonlyits beautybut alsoits weather.直到我来到这儿,我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美,还因为它的天气[易借提示]强调谓语动词,用do/does/did+动词原形该结构只用于确定句,并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时其他常考特别句式考占二P
八、、*[题组试做]I.单句语法填空
1.(2024•山东荷泽一模)As isknown tous all,some studentshave breakfastregularly whileothersdont.There(be)several reasons.are[句意众所周知,一些学生有规律地吃早餐而其他学生并非如此这有几个缘由therebe句型中,be要和后面的主语保持一样,本句中several reasons为复数形式,故填are]
2.(2024•山西重点中学协作体一模)When(take)exams,we sometimescheat inorder togetgood resultsto makeour parentsand teacherspleased.taking[句意当我们参与考试时,为了取得好成果来使我们的父母和老师兴奋,我们有时会作弊本题考查省略将句子补全后为When weare takingexams,we sometimescheat inorder togetgood resultsto makeour parentsand teacherspleased.U寸「可状语从句主语与主句主语一样,且从句中含有be动词时,可将从句主语和be动词去掉,故填takingo]
3.(2024•河北衡水中学第三次调研)Once upona time,was aboy whoseparents namedhimOdd.there[句意从前有一个男孩儿,他的父母给他取名叫Odd本题考查“there be”句型,意为有……]II,单句改错
4.(2024•湖南长沙一模)Doing aswell asyou cantoday,and perhapsyou maybe abletodo bettertomorrow.Doing-Do[该句为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,祈使句句首应用动词原形,故将Doing改为Do]
5.(2024•湖南长郡中学等四校联考)There hasa biglibrary in our school.has—is[句意我们学校有一个很大的图书馆本题考查there be句型没有there have/has句型][要点解读]
一、省略
1.状语从句的省略当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一样或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词,构成下列结构连词+形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式Metals expandwhen heatedand contractwhen cooled.金属加热时就膨胀,冷却时就收缩
2.不定式的省略⑴在确定的上下文中,为了避开重复,可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语,只保留不定式符号to常用在expect,hope,intend,mean,try,want,wish等词后Firstly,peoplemay feelforced whenasked to do thingsthat theydon,t wantto.首先,当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的2but用作介词,意为“除……之外”时,前面有实义动词do,后接不定式时,要省略to;但前面没有实义动词do时,后接的不定式不省略tOoIf hetakes onthis work,he willhave nochoice butto meetan evengreater challenge.假如他接受了这份工作,除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择
3.特别的省略结构if省略结构if so假如这样的话if not假如不是这样的话if ever假如曾经有的话if necessary假如有必要的话if possible假如可能的话if any假如有的话
二、感叹句
1.what引导的感叹句lWhat+a/an+a/+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!2What+{adj.+不行数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语!
2.how引导的感叹句1How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!2How+〃打+a/an+单数名词+主语+谓语!3How+主语+谓语!What astrange plant=How strangea plant!Ive neverseen itbefore.这种植物真惊奇!我以前从未见过The shockingnews mademe realizewhat terribleproblems wewould face.这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严峻的问题
三、祈使句祈使句常用来表达吩咐、恳求、禁止、建议、警告、劝说等1祈使句的主语一般是其次人称you常省略祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加dont,也可用副词never构成祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加doDo yourhomework beforeyou watchTV.看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业2祈使句表示假设的状况
①祈使句+and/or+简洁句
②名词词组多含有more,another+and+简洁句Call metomorrow andV11let youknow theresult.明天给我打电话,我会让你知道结果的Start outright away,or we’11miss thefirst train.立即动身,否则的话,我们将要错过首班车
1.留意分析句式结构,确定为何种特别句式;
2.依据特别句式的结构特点,填入适当的词[易错提示]在做改错题时,遇到特别句式,要留意倒装句、强调句、省略句、祈使句、感叹句等的构成特点,从而确定错因I高效练跟踪检测•单句练词法语篇提能力【核心考点针对练】I.单句语法填空
1.seem tobe afew treesbetween meand thegreen.There[句意在我与草坪之间似乎有一些树考查there be句型,故填There]
2.(2024•九江高三一模)I wasin troublein overcomingmyaddictiontoalcohol,andwas myfriend Mike.so[依据句意推断,所填的词要能表达出后一种状况与前面状况相同这一意义,故用so,构成“so+谓语动词+主语”这种倒装结构,表示“……也……]
3.(2024•湖北荆州中学质检)0nly thenwe realizethere wasan earthquake.I wastoofrightened tomove.did[句意只有在那时我们才意识到地震发生了我太胆怯了以至于纹丝不动“only+状语”位于句首,后面的句子须要部分倒装本句介绍的是过去的事情,需用一般过去时,故填did]
4..(2024•江苏苏锡常镇四市调研)One hasreason tobelieve thatChinas anti-corruption overthe pastfew years,tough it is,has achievedinspiring progress.as/though[句意有理由信任在过去的几年里中国的反腐活动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然该活动很艰难as/though引导让步状语从句时采纳了部分倒装]
5..(2024•连云港灌南华侨双语学校月考)Now,just infront ofthe house(stand)a talltree with a historyof100years.stands[句意现在,就在这座房子前面屹立着一棵有100年历史的大树表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词,后面的主语、谓语部分需用全部倒装形式;依据时间状语Now可推知设空处需用一般现在时;本句主语为第三人称单数,故填stands]
6.(2024•湖南怀化一模)More thanone doctor(be)involved inthe rescuethat tookplaceaftertheearthquake.was[句意很多医生都加入到了震后的营救工作中more thanone+可数名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式依据从句用一般过去时可知,主句也应用一般过去时故填was]
7.(2024•湖南长郡中学模拟)The traditionalChinese marriageusually(involve)somenecessary procedures,such asmatch making,engagement,meeting thebride,and threebows.involves[考查主谓一样依据该句中的usually可知,此处表示常常发生的动作,故用一般现在时;主语The traditionalChinese marriage为第三人称单数,故谓语动词应用单数形式]
8.(2024•南昌NCS20240607项目一模)While mostwater townsare inthe south,Shandong,s Tai,erzhuang standsout inthe north.The town(be)on thebank ofthe Beijing-Hangzhou GrandCanal.is[考查时态和主谓一样该句主语为The town,为单数,故谓语动词用单数;该句陈述的是当前的状况,故用一般现在时句意这个小城位于京杭大运输河的岸边]IL单句改错
1.(2024•天水一中期末)If ispossible,V dlike tostay witha familyfor acouple ofdaysin orderthatIcan knowcustoms inEngland.去掉is或在is前加it[依据句式分析可知,此处可看作省略句,省略了itis也可以补充为完整式]
2.(2024•湖北襄阳模拟)Away hadrushed acar fromthe directionofthesquare,when Iwalkedtowards thestore.去掉had[本句是一个以away开头的句子,构成了全部倒装结合when从句中的动词walked,前后时态一样,故去掉had]
3.(2024•贵州遵义联考)What embarrassedI feltatthemoment!Such anexperience leftadeep impressionon me.What^How[该句型为how+a力./ad匕+主语+谓语”,因此把what改为howwhat引出的感叹句其后必需有被修饰的名词]
4.(2024•湖北五校模拟)Risky althoughthe ideasounded,she didn,t mindit becauseit workedforher.al thoughthough/as[此处是一个让步状语从句的倒装,但是although不能构成倒装,只能用as/though]
5.(2024•黑龙江大庆中学模拟)Hardly didthe summervacation comewhen myclassmates triedveryhardtoget traintickets togo home.did—had[此处是一个hardly...when...结构,这个结构中主句中运用过去完成时,从句中运用一般过去时,表示“一……就……”的意义,故将did改为had]【高考题型综合练】I.语法填空(2024•历城二中高三三模)Generally speaking,joy
1.(express)by laughter.But asit turnsout,it revealsa lotmore thanthe fact
2.you arehappy.It enableslisteners,even thosewho cannotobserveyou,
3.(realize)if youare havinga goodtime witha closefriend orlaughing
4.(polite)withacomplete stranger.At least,this isthe conclusion
5.(reach)by ateam ofscientists ledby Greg Bryant,
6.assistant professorof CommunicationStudies atthe Universityof California.The researchersbeganby
7.(request)volunteers fromacross theworld tosend themaudio clips(片段)of peoplelaughing.The48tapes they received
8.(range)from recentrecordings oflaughter betweentwo collegefriends
9.ones fromconversations madetenyearsago.The clipsalso hadall possible
10.(combine)-communications betweenfriends,strangers,all-male groups,all-female groups,etc.Bryant saysthat theresults ofthis cross-cultural examinationshow thatpeople allover theworldknow1aughter insimilar ways.【语篇解读】本文主要对欢乐进行了探讨
1.is expressed[考查动词的时态和语态依据该句中的uGenerally speaking”可知,此处叙述一般状况,应用一般现在时;依据该句中的介词“by”可知,句子的主语joy和express构成被动关系,应用被动语态,故此处用一般现在时的被动语态]
2.that[考查同位语从句分析句子结构可知,空处引导同位语从句,在从句中不作句子成分,对fact的内容进行说明说明]
3.to realize[考查非谓语动词enable sb.todosth.意为“让某人能够做某事”,为固定用法,不定式作宾语补足语故填to realize]o
4.politely[考查副词修饰动词应用副词,故用副词politely修饰动词laughing]
5.reached[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,reach和句子主语the conclusion之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且和句子谓语is之间没有连词,故用其过去分词形式作后置定语]
6.an[考查冠词professor是可数名词,作单数名词GregBryant的同位语,且assistant的发音以元音音素开头,故用an]
7.requesting[考查动名词介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语,故用动名词requesting作介词by的宾语]
8.ranged[考查动词的时态依据该句中的“theyreceived和made”可知,此处用一般过去时,表示过去发生的事情]
9.to[考查介词range from...to...意为“包括(从……到……)之间的各类事物”,为固定用法,符合语境,故用介词tOo]
10.combinations[考查词形转换与该句中的形容词“possible”呼应可知,此处用名词形式,且与“all”呼应,故用名词的复数形式,即combinations]
11.短文改错(2024•昌乐二中三模)Asweall known,classroom isa placewhere studentsought towork hardtorealize theirdream.However,there aresome studentsnot usingclass properly,that makesthingsgo frombadtoworse.For example,some studentsplayed mobilephonesorsleep inclass,wasting plentyofprecioustime.Whats worse,some studentsenjoy chatwithothers.Not onlyitaffecttheir ownstudy,but italso doesharm toothers.As faras Iam concern,the mainreason isthat theydon,trealizethe important。
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