2024高考英语一轮复习板块2需要“变形”的名词数词形容词和副词第2讲形容词副词和比较级教学案新人教版

第讲形容词、副词和比较级2［全国卷考情分析］题型典题试做命题解读

1.（2024•全国卷I）Scientists haverespondedby notingthat hungrybears maybecongregating（聚集）around humansettlements,leading to the illusion（错觉）that populationsare highne（high）than theyactually are.

2.（2024•全国卷I）It isdifficultto figureout aglobal populationof polarbearsas muchof therange has been poorly（poor）studied;however,biologists

1.考查形容词或副词比较等级的用法；calculate that there areabout20,000—语法填空

2.考查词类转换25,000polar bearsworldwide.

3.（2024•全国卷H）Her yearsof hardworkhavefinally（final）beenacknowledged aftera customernominated（提名）her to be Cheshire，s WomanOf TheYear.

4.（2024•全国卷HI）They alsosharedwith usmany traditionalstories aboutHawaiithat werehugely（huge）popularwith tourists.

1.（2024•全国卷I）I becameinterestingin playingfootball thankstoa smallaccident.interest ingf

1.形容词之间或形容词与副词的错用；interested

2.形近引起的错用；短文改错

2.（2024•全国卷I）The firsttime Iwent

3.比较等级的错用there,they wereliving ina smallhousewith dogs,clucks,and anotheranimals.Last winterwhen I

3.2024•石家庄二中调研Young people can especiallyplay suchmany gamesthat theycannotstop.such—so［games是可数名词复数，前有many修饰时，其前须用so,即此处是“so many+可数名词复数”的结构，故将such改为so］

4.2024•湖北襄阳四中模拟The cavesin Naicawhich wereonce usedfor mininglead are800kilometers deeply.deeply^deep［前面有详细的数字，表示详细的深度，故运用deep;deeply表示抽象意义］

5.2024•衡水中学三调Parents expectationsfor howgood theirchildren doat schoolandthe environmentat homeare importantdeterminants ofachievement.goodf well［how从句中的谓语动词是do,修饰动词do,应当运用副词well故将good改为well］【高考题型综合练】I.语法填空2024•广州综合测试二Throughout history,people havethought of the oceanas adiverseand limitlesssource offood.Yet todaythere isclear evidencethattheocean hasa limit.Mostof thebig fishin ourocean arenow

1.go・One majorcause isoverfishing.People aretakingso manyfish from the seathat many species cannotreplace

2.they.For centuries,local fishermencaught onlyenough fish for theirown andtheir communitysneeds.However,fromtheearly20th century,people aroundthe worldbecame interested

3.consuming protein-rich foods.People began

4.catch largequantities of fishforprofit and selling them to worldwidemarkets.In averyshort periodof time,commercial fishing

5.great reducedthe numberof largepredatory fish,such ascod andtuna.Today,there arestill plentyoffishin thesea,

6.they remostly justthe littleones.Small fish,

7.include sardinesand anchovies,have morethan doubledin number一largely becausethereare notenough bigfish

8.eat them.Such largefish

9.be necessary,because theyhunt andkill thesick andweak smallerfish.Without thisweeding out,or survivalof thefittest,ecosystems becomeless stable.As aresult,fish areless ableto survive

10.difficultsuch aspollution,environmental change,or changesin thefood supply.

1.gone［考查词性转换分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，故填形容词gone,意为“不在了，不见了”留意此处为非被动的含义］

2.themselves［考查代词依据该从句的主语为manyspecies可知，此处应用其反身代词，表示“自我替换”］

3.in［考查介词be/become interestedin意为“对......感爱好”，为固定用法,故用介词in］

4.catching［考查非谓语动词begin doing/to dosth.意为“起先做某事”，是固定用法，又由句中的“andselling可知,此处与selling是并列关系,形式应相同,故填catchingo］

5.greatly［考查副词修饰动词一般用副词，故用副词greatly修饰动词reduced,在句中作状语］

6.but［考查连词依据语境可知，此处表示转折，故用连词but］

7.which［考查定语从句分析句子结构并依据语境可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Small fish,故用which］

9.are［考查主谓一样依据本句中的they可知，Such largefish表示复数概念，故谓语动词用复数］

10.difficulties［考查词性转换依据语境中所列举的各种困难可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故用difficultieso］H.短文改错（2024•河北衡水中学期末）Great changeshave takenplace in the wayof communicationinpeople，s lifein recentyears.In thepast,people keptin touchwith each other mainlyby writtenletters orusing thepublic telephone.But nowalmost everyonehave his own mobile phone.People can communicate foreach other almost at any place and at any time.Whats more,people haveeasy accessto theInternet,what enables themto send and receive emailswhatever they like.With thischanges,peoples pace of life hasbeen quickened and peoples workhas beenmade more efficiently.It isused totake severaldays tohear ofeachother,but nowit takesonly several minutes,even ifthey areon twodifferent continents.In word,people havean easierlife nowadays.【答案】Great changeshave takenplace in the wayof communicationin people，s lifein recentyears.writtenIn thepast,people keptin touchwith eachother mainlyby—:~:—letters orwritinghaveusing thepublictelephone.But nowalmost everyone---------hisownmobilephone.Peoplehasfor,cancommunicate..eachotheralmostatanyplaceandatanytime.What s more,withwhat..people haveeasy accesstotheInternet,,..enablesthemtosendandreceiveemails whichwhatever-:----------theylike,whenever.this,,With--------changes,people spaceoflifehasbeenquickenedandpeoples worktheseefficiently~ofhas beenmademore—-~:——.It10used totake severaldays tohear7---------------------eacheiiicient iromother,but nowit takesonlyseveralminutes,even ifthey areon twodifferentAcontinents.In aword,people havean easierlifenowadays.went hereagain,they hada bigseparatehouse toraise dozensof chickens,acotheef other；here一thereI精剖析语法突破•题组微练分点精讲形容词和副词的基本用法考占一*■J

八、、［题组试做］I.单句语法填空

1.（2024•东北三省四市二模）Uber saidits flyingvehicles wouldbe much（quiet）,costless tooperate andproduce lesspollution thanhelicopters.quieter［考查形容词的比较级依据下文的than可知，此处用比较级］

2.（2024•唐山第一次调研）Als adultson,Ernie,however,is oneof the（kind）menI haveever known.kindest［考查形容词的最高级句意然而A1已成年的儿子Ernie是我相识的最有爱心的人之一依据I haveever known可推知设空处需用形容词的最高级］

3.（2024•广东七校联合体其次次联考）My dadwas90years old.He couldhardly seeverywell andwalks witha stick.I wasscanning therestaurant,waiting tosit atthe firsttablethat was（convenient）than others.more convenient［考查形容词的比较级依据该句中的than可知，空处用形容词的比较级］

4.（2024•淮」匕模拟）The moreyou thinkabout it,the（hard）you willfall asleep.harder［此题考查“the+比较级...the+比较级...”结构］II.单句改错

5.（2024•太原二模）By usingyour musclesto dopowerful things,you canmake themstrongthan before.strong-stronger［考查形容词的比较级依据than可知此处应用比较级形式，故将strong改为stronger］

6.（2024•广州一模）She saidher favoritestplace wasthe gym.favoritest-favorite［考查形容词favorite本身就有最高级的含义，意为“最宠爱的，无比较级和最高级形式，故用原形favorite］

7.（2024•成都模拟）Anyway,I11get usedto livinghere andhope everythingwillbe morebetter soon.去掉more或将moref much［考查形容词的比较级better本身表示比较级，前面不能再用more,但可以用more的原形much来修饰］［要点解读］

1.形容词的基本用法

（1）形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等Although itdoesn，t tasteof anythingspecial,its stillworth atry.尽管它尝起来没有任何特别的地方，但是还是值得一试Conditions wereso badthat it was impossiblefor himto findthe trailagain.天气状况太差，他想找到雪橇的轨迹是不行能的

（2）形容词作状语主要表示缘由、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必需与句子主语保持一样Light-hearted andoptimistic,she isthe sortof womanto spreadsunshine topeople throughhersmile.她无忧无虑、主动乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来欢乐的人［易错提示］以-ly结尾的形容词，常见的有friendly,lovely,lively,lonely,elderly,deadly等

2.副词的基本用法

（1）副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等They gavemoney tothe oldpeople，s homeeither personallyor throughtheir companies.他们或者亲自或者通过他们的公司给敬老院送钱

（2）常考的连接性副词:though然而，可是”（用于句末）；meanwhile在此期间”；therefore/thus/consequently因此，所以“；moreover/furthermore”而且，此外；besides”另外，还有“；however“然而；instead相反，代替；anyway/anyhow“尽管，即使这样；otherwise“否则”The youngman couldn，t afforda newcar.Instead,he boughta usedone.那个年轻人买不起新车，便买了一辆二手的The housewas tooexpensive andtoo big.Besides,Id grownfond ofour littlerented house.这个房子太贵、太大了，而且，我已经越来越宠爱我们租的这间小屋了［易错提示］易用错的几类副词

（1）意义有别的同根副词如free（免费地）/freely（自由地）,hard（努力地）/hardly（几乎不）,late（晚,迟）/lately（最近）,most（很，最）/mostly（主要地）,fair（公允地）/fairly（相当地）,near（接近）/nearly（几乎）等

（2）有些副词有两种形式以・ly结尾时表示抽象意义；与形容词同形的表示详细意义如close接近/closely亲密地；wide宽地/widely广泛地；high高地/highly高度地；deep深地/deeply深深地考点二形容词和副词的比较等级［题组试做］I.单句语法填空

1.（2024•广州调研）Salesmen andwaiters aretwo ofthe（much）common jobsthat studentstryto findduring thesummer months.most［考查形容词的最高级该处指“最常见的”，故用最高级］

2.（2024•广东湛江调研）The moresupport youwin fromothers,the（fast）you willmove towardyour goal.faster［句意你赢得别人的支持越多，就会越快地接近你的目标此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构,意为“越……越……”因此，设空处应用比较级故填fastero］

3.（2024•湖北八校第一次联考）Whatever happensin China,the third（large）country inthe worldwith20percent ofthe world，s population,will certainlyshapethe immediateand distantfutures ofus all.largest［考查形容词最高级由空前的the third可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用形容词最高级修饰名词countryo］H.单句改错

4.（2024•河北五4—名校联盟二模）1was inthe kitchenwith mywife andchildren whenweheard aloud noise.A fewminutes late,our housefell down.late-later［句意我和我妻子、孩子们正在厨房里，就在那时我们听到了一声巨响几分钟后我们的房子便倒塌了“一段时间+表示“一段时间之后”，而“一段时间+late表示“迟到多长时间”本句表示“几分钟后”，故将late改为later］［要点解读］

1.比较级和最高级的构成1规则变更变更规则例词单音节的词一般在后面加-er和-est tall—taller—tallest quickfquickerf quickest以“辅音字母+-e”结尾的词，在后面加和-st late-1-later^latest pale-paler-palest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,将y改为i,再加-er early-earlier^earliestheavy^heavier-heaviest和-est以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est thinfth irmer fthinnest hotfhot terf hottest其他双音节和多音节的词都在前面加more和most careful-more carefulfmost careful［易错提示］有少数儿个双音节以及-OW,-er,-le结尾的词，既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级常考的词narrow,common,clever,simple,quiet,stupid等2不规则变更good/well fbetter fbest；bad/ill-worse^worst；many/much^more^most；far^farther/further^farthest/furthest；old^older/elder^oldest/eldest；little^less^least

2.比较等级的用法1同级比较

②当as.・・as结构中出名词时，可用以下结构as+形容词原级+an+n.+as...as+many+可数名词复数+as...as+much+不行数名词+as...r mnot a little tiredtoday aftergiving theroom athorough cleaningand Ihave neverhadas tiringa dayas today.今日对房间进行了大扫除之后我很累，我从来没有过比今日更累的一天了2比较级“形容词/副词比较级+than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”less+形容词/副词原级+than”结构，表示“一方不及另一方……”I knowmy sisterbetter thananyone else.Once she has madeup hermind,nothing canchangeit.我比其他任何人更了解我姐姐她一旦下定决心，没有什么能够变更［易错提示］修饰比较等级的副词much,even,still,far,yet,alittle,a lot,a bit,rather,any等more,very等副词不行修饰比较级，这也是短文改错中常出现的错误之一3最高级

①表示三者或三者以上的比较，常见的结构“the+最高级+表示比较范围的短语或从句”，表示“……是……中最……的”Andy iscontent withthe toy.It isthe besthehasever got.安迪对这个玩具很满足这是他得到的最好的玩具

②最高级的其他表达法a.否定词+比较级b.比较级+than+any other+单数名词比较级+than+all the other+复数名词比较级+than+any ofthe other+复数名词比较级+than anything/anyone elseYourstory isperfect；Ive neverheard abetter onebefore.你的故事太完备了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事The YangtzeRiver islonger thanany otherriver/than allthe otherri vers/than anyoftheotherrivers inChina.长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长［易错提示］有些词本身就有最高级含义，不能再用最高级形式，常见的有favorite,wonderful,exhausted等；有些词本身有比较级含义，但不与than连用，如be seniorto等4含有比较等级的特别句型1“the+a//3介-er,the+^^/yl/adv.-“越....,越....”2uadj./adv.-er+and+a^./^dv.-er,”越来越..”

③“the+a/-er+ofthetwo+名词”“某人或某物是两者中较……的那个”

④no morethan“仅仅”，not morethan”至多;不超过”

⑥no+比较级+than和......一样不...”

⑦not+比较级+than”不比....更...”

⑧倍数句型a.A is+倍数+比较级+than+Bb.A is+倍数+as+原级+as+Bc.A is+倍数+the+名词size,length,height等+of+BThe morepositive anarticle,the morelikely itwas tobe shared.一篇文章越主动乐观，就越有可能被大众共享The electronicwaste isincreasing threetimes fasterthan traditionalgarbageas awhole.总的来说，电子废弃物正以比传统垃圾快三倍的速度增加More andmore peoplerealize theimportance oflearning aforeign languagewell.越来越多的人相识到学好一门外语的重要性形容词和副词的词性转换考占二-J

八、、*［题组试做］I.单句语法填空

1.（2024•河南郑州一中测试）（sad）,peoplecanno longervisit thecave.Sadly［考查副词句意很缺憾，人们不能再参观那个洞窟了空格处位于句首作状语修饰后面整个句子，故用副词形式；依据提示词可推知用sadly,且位于句首，其首字母要大写］

2.（2024•山西孝义试验中学二模）As thelast namebecame（wide）accepted,the firstletterwas capitalized.widely［考查副词辨析句意随着姓氏被广泛接受，其首字母被大写设空处作状语,修饰accepted,故填副词widelywide也可作副词，但表示“充分张开”，因此此处不能填wide］

3.（2024•重庆第一次调研）The lavastone areasare（color）because thelava isrichin manykinds ofminerals.colorful［考查形容词该空作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，故用形容词colorful表示“色调丰富的］II.单句改错

4.（2024•长沙名校其次阶段诊断）Second,parents instructionseems tobe veryimportanceto theirchildren，s growth.importance-important［考查形容词依据前面的tobevery可知此处要用形容词importanto］

5.（2024•武昌IX调研）For onereason,what youare studyingis badneeded nowadaysinChina.bad—badly［考查副词修饰动词needed,要用副词，而不能用形容词］

6.（2024•河南郑州一中阶段检测）During theday,you canwalk orsit ona boatto enjoythenatural sceneryalong thestream.The sceneat nightis attractivelyas well.attractivelyfattractive［句意在白天你可以闲逛、乘船来观赏小溪两边的自然景色在夜里那里的景色也很迷人错误处作表语说明主语The scene的特征，需用形容词而非副词作表语，故将attractively改为attractive］［要点解读］形容词和副词的词形变更及词性转换是形容词和副词的考查热点假如用来修饰名词或在系动词后作表语，应用形容词形式；假如用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，则应用副词形式正确分析句子结构，推断设空处在句中所作的句子成分，并牢记形容词变副词的规则可参见第三讲构词法，是解答此类题目的关键【技法点拨】在语法填空中

1.精确理解句意，分析句子结构，推断空格处要填的词在句中作什么成分假如用来修饰名词或位于系动词后作表语，应为形容词；假如用来修饰动词、副词、形容词或整个句子,则为副词

2.视察空格后是否有表示比较的提示词than,表示比较范围的in/of短语、定语从句、或含有比较级的固定句式，如“the+比较级.・.，the+比较级结构等，以此推断是否须要填形容词或副词的比较等级另外，解题时还需留意上下文供应的一些示意信息［易错提示］在短文改错中:

1.留意形容词和副词之间的误用

①假如修饰名词，要用形容词；假如修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，要用副词

②作定语、表语或宾补，要想到用形容词；作状语应为副词；

2.看比较范围，推断形式是否正确假如是两者之间的比较，则用比较级；假如是三者或三者以上的比较，则用最高级；

3.看比较级前是否误加了more；

4.看含有比较等级的固定句式是否精确；

5.留意一些习惯表达，查看形容词或副词的形式如sooner orlater;what，smore/worse等I高效练跟踪检测•单句练词法语篇提能力【核心考点针对练】I.单句语法填空

1.2024•陕西西工大附中模拟We cannever expecta bluesky unlesswe createa littlepollutedworld.bluer;less［第一空是“can+否定词...+形容词/副词比较级”结构，表示最高级含义；其次空依据全句的语境可知填比较级］

2.（2024•沈阳二中模拟）Fabien is（current）working ona documentaryfilm abouttheadventures ofMission

31.currently［空格前为be动词is,后为实义动词，故应填副词修饰动词］

3.（2024•山西太原模拟）I thinkyoull geta bit（fat）by then.By theway,is thereanythingI cando foryoufatter［依据系动词get可知，填形容词作表语a bit修饰比较级，故填fatter,留意拼法规则］

4.（2024•山东济宁模拟）If thepatient wasextremely fat,itwas（possible）to hearanyheartbeat atall.impossible［依据语义可知，此处表示“不行能的故填possible的反义词，在其前加前缀“im-］

5.（2024•江西上饶模拟）In manycountries,it isnot unusualfor familiesof differentbackgroundsto livetogether.,intheUS,this ideamay stillbe consideredodd.However［依据上下文逻辑关系可推断，此处表转折，且由逗号与句子隔开，故填Howevero］

6.（2024•黑龙江大庆月考）It isthe（old）and onlysurviving no-dam irrigationsystemin theworld.oldest［依据后面的intheworld属于比较的范围，因此用最高级的形式句意这是世界上最古老的而且是仅存的无坝浇灌系统］

7.（2024•河南平顶山模拟）Imagine howmuch（happy）you wouldbe ifyou stoppedcomplaininghappier［指不埋怨时和埋怨时相比，要用形容词比较级］II.单句改错

1.（2024•河北石家庄质检）That soundswonderfully ascollecting stampsis myhobby aswell.wonderfully-wonderful[sound为系动词，其后应用形容词作表语]

2.（2024•安徽蚌埠五中模拟）When thereal hungerpains startto hit,they willseek outcomfortfoods.Not surprising,pizza topsthe list.surprisingf surprisingly[修饰整个句子，应运用副词作状语，故将surprising改为surprisingly]o。