2024高考英语一轮复习板块4至关重要的句式__并列句三大从句和特殊句式第3讲名词性从句教学案新人教版

第讲名词性从句3［全国卷考情分析］题型典题试做命题解读

1.（2024•全国卷I）While theyarerare northof88°,there isevidencethat theyrange allthe wayacross theArctic,and asfar southas JamesBay in语法填空对名词性从句的考查集中在对引Canada.语法填空导词的选择上，其中连接代词what与that,

2.（2024•浙江卷6月）Many westernershow,if与whether是考查的重点who/that cometo Chinacook muchless thanin their owncountries oncethey realizehowcheap itcan beto eatout.

1.（2024•全国卷I）My uncleis the

1.从属连词与连接副词之间的错用；owner ofa restaurantclose tothat I

2.连接代词（what,which和who等）之间live,thatf whena的错用；短文改错

2.（2015•全国卷n）After lookingat the

3.从属连词that与连接代词（尤其是what）toy forsome time,he turnedaround and之间的错用以及that与whether/if之间的found wherehis parentswere missing,错用;which^that

4.从属连词that的缺失或多余I精剖析语法突破•题组微练分点精讲考占一口

八、、主语从句［题组试做］I.单句语法填空

1.（2024•福建泉州质检）The fatherand hisson gotlost inthe mountain and theyhadto eatfood theycould findthere.whatever［句意这对父子在山里迷路了，不得不吃他们在那里能找到的任何食物whateverfood意为“任何食物”，在从句中作动词find的宾语］

2.（2024•赣州十四县市联考）When Itook themoney fromher grandparents,I lookedbackat thegirl,who wasgiving methe mostoptimistic smileI hadever seen.All ofa sudden,herhandicap wasgone andall Isaw wasthis beautifulgirl,whose smilejust meltedme andalmostinstantly gaveme acompletely newsense of

5.invite.During theparty,an oldlady

6.sit nextto mechatted withme,saying howmuchshe lovedmusic anddancing.Not knowing

7.to say,I stoodup andinvited herfor a dance.I dancedwith allthe ladies,

8.particular with Grandma,which wasawesome.However,I feltdiscomfort throughout

9.party.I didntknow the reason atthat moment.But now,I realizeit was myfear ofwatching Grandmagrow older,my powerlessnessto doanything aboutit andthethought oflosing

10.she thatmade meuncomfortable.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文讲解并描述了作者去养老院探望90岁的奶奶的经验在那里的一次舞会中，作者与养老院全部的老奶奶都跳了舞，作者从中感受很深

1.were［考查动词的时态分析句子结构可知，此处为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people；结合句意可知，从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一样所以填were］

2.worse［考查固定搭配whats worse意思是“更糟糕的是”，相当于副词短语evenworse/worse stillo所以填worse］

3.to recognize［考查非谓语动词句型It takes/took sb.some time/money to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间或多少钱”所以填to recognizee］

4.but/yet［考查连词依据空处前后句子结构可知空处应当填连词；结合空前的“not a bigfan ofdancing”和空后的“a bigfan ofGrandma可知，空处前后有转折含义，所以填but/yet］

5.invitation［考查词性转换依据空前的“accepted her”可知，空处应当是名词作宾语，意思是“接受她的邀请”，所以填invitation］

6.sitting［考查非谓语动词从句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，且主语an oldlady与动词sit是逻辑上的主谓关系所以填sitting］

7.what［考查疑问代词依据“疑问代词+不定式”结构及空前的knowing可知，空处应当填疑问代词，意思为“不知道说什么，所以填what］

8.particularly［考查词性转换空后是介词短语withGrandma,介词短语只能用副词修饰所以填particularly］

9.the［考查冠词依据句意可知，此处的party特指上文中的“a danceparty,所以填the］

10.her［考查人称代词依据空前的losing同时结合句意可知，空处应当填人称代词she的宾格her］

11.短文改错（2024•洛阳高三其次次摸底）Hello,boys andgirls!Today,I amgoing totalk withwhatyou should do whena firealarm gooff.If youhear thealarm,stand inlineat the door andwait your teacher tolead yououtside.Stay closeto yourteacher andclassmate.Don，t panicor get out of line,and tryingto remainquiet andcalmly.Soon thefirefighterswill comeand putout a fire.If itsa falsealarm andthere isno fire,yourteacherwill leadusback to the classroom.If younotice thatwhen someoneis missingand hurt,tell yourteacherimmediately.【答案】withHello,boys andgirls!Today,I amgoing totalk-;------what you shoulddowhenaboutgoa firealarm--------off.If youhear thealarm,stand inline at thedoorand waitgoesci,classmate卜,「yfor yourteacher tolead yououtside.Stay closeto yourteacher and-;---------------.Don tclassmatestryingcalmlypanic orgetoutofline,and—-—to remainquiet and二7访「Soon thefirefighters willcomeand putout fire.If itsa falsealarm andthere isno fire,your teacherwilllead山-back tothe classroom.If younotice thatWhen someoneis missingyoutell yourteacher immediately.and-----hurt,or

1.with-about［考查固定搭配由what引导的宾语从句可知，此处表示“谈论”，故将with改为about］

2.go-goes［考查动词的时态和主谓一样when引导的状语从句常用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作afirealarm为单数名词，故谓语动词应当用第三人称单数形式］

3.wait后加for［考查介词wait为不及物动词，后跟宾语时要加上介词for］

4.classmate—classmates［考查名词的数classmate为可数名词，此处应当用复数形式］

5.trying-try［考查祈使句依据and一词可知应当用动词原形］

6.calmlyf calm［考查形容词由并列连词and可知本词与quiet都作系动词remain的表语，词性应与quiet一样］

7.a-the［考查冠词前文已提到火灾，这里特指那场火灾］

8.us-you［考查人称代词依据短文意思可知此处应用其次人称，表示“你们”，故将US改为youo］

9.去掉when［考查宾语从句的连接词依据句意“假如你们留意到有人失踪或受伤.......”可知when是多余的］

10.and-or［考查连词由语境可知，此处表示“失踪或受伤”，故将and改为表选择关系的连词or］life is all about.what［考查宾语从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作介词about的宾语，表示物的概念，故填what］

3.（2024•福州四校联考）1went toa classicalmusic concertyesterday and I lovedit.Iparticularly experiencedin adifferent wayis howmuch Iappreciated themusicians.What［考查连接词句意我以一种不同的方式经验的特殊的事情就是我多么感谢那些音乐家空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故填What］

4.（2024•福建龙岩五校期中）Therefore,it isadvisable youshould value and treatthemwith care.that［句意因此人们建议你应当珍惜、谨慎对待它们“youshouldvalueandtreat themwithcarev为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导］H.单句改错

5.（2024•江西名校联盟检测）We allthought itisa pity whichthe concertwas putoff.which-that［此处it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句］［要点解读］

1.主语从句的引导词只起连接作用，连接词that,whether,if不在从句中作成分what,who,whom,which,whichever,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接代词whatever,whoever连接副词when,where,how,why在从句中作状语Your supportis important to ourwork.Whatever youcan dohelps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助Where LiBai,a greatChinese poet,was bornis knowntothepublic,but somewon，t acceptit.李白，中国宏大的诗人，诞生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受That youare comingto Londonis thebest newsI haveheard thislong time.许久以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来伦敦［易错提示］（l）that引导主语从句时一般不省略

（2）当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if

2.形式主语it作形式主语的常见句型1It+be+形容词necessary/1i kely/important/certain等+that从句2It+be+名词短语apity/a shame/no wonder等+that从句3It+be+过去分词said/told/reported等+that从句4It+不及物动词seem,appear,happen,matter等+that从句It isuncertain whatside effectthe medicinewill bringabout,although abouttwothousand patientshave takenit.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清晰It doesn，t matterwhether youpay bycash orcredit cardin thisstore.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系［易错提示］当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，但假如被后置的主语从句中引导词后接0r not时，只能用whether考点二宾语从句［题组试做］I.单句语法填空

1.2024•安徽黄山二模While visitingHangzhou，s WestLake andits surroundingbeautifulhills,you，11understand itsbeen a great sourceof inspirationfor artists,poems andphilosophersthroughout Chinesehistory.why［句意当你巡游杭州西湖及四周漂亮的群山时，你就会懂得为什么在中国历史中那个地方始终是画家、诗人和哲学家的灵感之源宾语从句中缺少缘由状语，故填why］

2.2024•广西桂林百色模拟People areable tosee the Chinese technologiesof thetime,which helpsthem agreat dealin understandingtheChineselived.how［考查宾语从句句意人们能够看到当时的中国技术，这对人们了解当时的中国人是如何生活的很有帮助分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作understanding的宾语；结合语境可知，该处表示“如何”，故用how引导宾语从句］

3.2024•河北保定、唐山联考1asked himhis fatherhad doneso that he becamesucha goodperson.what［句意我问他他的父亲做了什么，使他成为一个如此好的人设空处引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语，从句中缺少had done的宾语，指什么”，因此用what引导该从句］II.单句改错

4.2024•山东泰安期中It alldepends onif theywill dotheir best.if^whether［介词后的宾语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if］

5.2024•湖北八校第一次联考During thebreak time,we arguedabout whatclubwas thebest.what-which［考查宾语从句句意休息时我们争辩哪个俱乐部是最好的依据语境可知，应用which引导宾语从句，意为“哪一个］［要点解读］

6.宾语从句的引导词只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接词that,whether,ifwhat,who,whom,which,whichever,连接whatever,whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语代词连接副词when,where,how,why在从句中作状语She askedme whetherI hadreturned thebooks tothe library,andIadmitted thatIhadnt•她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还Our teacheralways tellus tobelieve inwhat wedo andwho weare ifwe wantto succeed.我们的老师总是告知我们，假如我们想胜利的话，就要信任我们所做的事情以及我们自己［易错提示］lthat引导宾语从句时、常被省去，但下列状况下不能省略

①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不行省略；

②宾语从句前有插入语时；

③that引导的从句位于句首时2一般状况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时,只用whether,不用if

7.形式宾语宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列状况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语常为不定式/从句后置1动词f ind/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补形容词或名词+不定式/从句2动词hate/1ike/dislike/appreciate/enjoy+it+3动词短语see to/depend on/rely on+it+从句4固定搭配take itfor grantedthat/owe itto sb.that+从句No matterwhere he is,he makesit arule togo fora walkbefore breakfast.无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规则一一早餐前漫步I shallsee toit thatheistaken goodcare ofwhen youare absent.你不在的时候，我负责把他照看好

8.宾语从句的时态一般状况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一样，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可依据具体状况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时表语从句考占二■J

八、、*［题组试做］I.单句语法填空

1.（2024•福建福州二模）The problemis oneless hourof sleepis notequalto anextra hourof achievement.that［句意问题是少睡一小时不等同于额外的一小时的成就分析句子结构可知，is后为表语从句，从句的结构和句意完整，故填that］

2.（2024•山西晋商四校联考）What iseven moreimportant isthe earthcooled down,and waterbegan toappear onits surface.that［分析句子结构可知，What iseven moreimportant为主语从句，the earthcooled down,and waterbegan toappear onits surface句子成分完整，故应填that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分］H.单句改错

1.表语从句的引导词只起连接连接词that,whether作用，不在从句中作成分what,who,whom,which,whichever,whatever,连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语whoever连接副词when,where,how,why在从句中作状语The mostimportant resultfor theuser is that theproduct doeswliat isintended.对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果This iswhere weusually thinkits easierto justgive up.这就是我们通常认为更简单放弃的地方［易错提示］if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略

2.as if/as though引导表语从句as if/as though意为“似乎，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词（如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel,smell等）之后若表语从句所述的是非真实的状况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的状况，从句用陈述语气The thicksmog coveredthe wholecity.It wasas ifagreatblack blankethad beenthrownover it.厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，似乎把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面

3.其他常考的表语从句（l）This/That/It iswhy+表语从句（表结果）“这/那就是.....的缘由”

（2）This/That/It isbecause+表语从句（表缘由）“这/那是因为……”

1.单句语法填空

1.（2024•湖北部分重点中学联考）This shouldserve asa warningpeopleshould beaware of their surroundings,especially whencrossing roads.that［warning后为同位语从句，空格后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的，空格处所填的词只起连接作用，没有任何实际意义，故填that］

2.（2024•福州八县市一中联考）Word hascome Basi，s bodywill beput inBasiMuseum,which isunder constructionat presentfor peopleto rememberher foreverand sharethespirit ofthe harmoniousdevelopment betweenhumans andnature.that［考查同位语从句分析该句结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，抽象名词word和从句Basis bodywill beput inBasi Museum为同位关系，且从句意义与结构完整，故用that引导该同位语从句］H.单句改错

3.（2024•武汉武昌区调研）Last term,I couldn，t acceptthe truthwhich Ifailed inmymath examination.which-that［考查名词性从句名词truth后为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用thato］［要点解读］同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容常见同位语从句的名词advice,conclusion,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,promise,question,suggestion,thought,truth,wish,word等引导同位语从句的引导词that,whether,how,where,when,why等The managerput forwarda suggestionthat weshould havean assistant.There istoo muchworktodo.经理提出一个建议，我们应当有个助手有太多的工作要做［易错提示］示at引导同位语从句和定语从句的区分that引导定语从句时，that既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；假如在从句中作宾语that可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，不能省略【技法点拨】在语法填空中L首先确定空格处所在从句是否为名词性从句然后分析从句在整个句中所充当的成分,确定从句所属类型主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句

2.推断从句中的连接词1若从句不缺少成分则要考虑句意是否完整，若句意不完整，则需用whether/if；若句意完整,则用thato2若从句缺少主、宾或表语，则用连接代词3若从句缺少状语，则用连接副词另外，还需留意一些特殊的引导词如whether,because,as if等的用法［易错提示］在短文改错中:

1.首先分析句子结构，分析从句在全句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型；

2.检查连接词之间是否误用尤其留意简单混淆的that与whatthat与which which与whatif与whether；

3.检查连接词是否漏掉；

4.检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确；

5.检查主语从句与谓语动词的数是否一样；

6.检查作形式主语或形式宾语的it是否缺失I高效练跟踪检测•单句练词法语篇提能力【核心考点针对练】I.单句语法填空

1.2024•北京朝阳区模拟I haveno doubtthathewill makeit,but Iwonder heis reallyreadyenough.whether/if［分析句子结构可知，从句作wonder的宾语，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语结合句义可知表达“是否”的含义，故填whether/if］

2.2024•四川德阳诊断If youcan bequiet,Id liketo makea commentonChina hasbenefited fromthe BeijingAPEC meeting.how［句意假如你可以静下来，我想就中国是如何从北京APEC会议中受益的状况进行一下评论从句中不缺少主语和宾语，结合句义可知，答案是how,表示“（方式）怎样”］

3.（2024•山西太原期末）Although thestore describedthe SundaySchool asexperimental,it wasa goodsign ofjust importantsupermarket shoppinghas becomein people，s dailylife.how［设空处引导从句作介词of的宾语，但从句中不缺少主语和宾语，结合句义可知答案是how,表示“（程度）多少”］

4.（2024•江苏南通调研）is expectedofthepost-90s generation,who tendto spendmostof theirincome everymonth,is theyshould forma senseof saving.What;that［第一空引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西（事情）”，故应用what；其次空引导表语从句，从句中既不缺少主语和宾语也不缺少语义，故应填thato］

5.（2024•1匕京东城区期末）No oneknows forcertain howthe firstAmericans arrivedinis nowthe UnitedStates.what［句意没人准确地知道第一批美国人是如何到达现在的美国的从句中缺少主语,且表示“……的地方，应用what］

6.（2024•江苏宿迁月考）一What didthe leadersattending OneBelt,One RoadForum talkabout一They talkedabout they felt theycould do.what［这里介词about后接宾语从句，宾语从句中theyfelt是插入语，宾语从句中缺宾语，并结合句义可知此处表达“……的东西（事情）故填what］

7.（2024•北京海淀区模拟）The mostexciting momentduring theSpring Festivalis thefamilyenjoy thebig dinnertogether.when［由系动词is可推断设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但需补充句义,意为“……时候”，故填when］

8.（2024•杭州质检）The viewis universallyshared byordinary consumersenergy drinkisnot exactlygood forhealth,but atthe sametime,its appealcan behard toovercome.that［设空处引导的句子对抽象名词view的内容作具体说明，为同位语从句从句中不缺主语和宾语，也不缺少语义，故填that］H.单句改错

1.（2024•河南焦作模拟）After arrivingat school,I discussedwith someclassmates thatwecould do.thatwhat［分析句子结构可知，classmates后面的句子为discuss后的宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，而that在名词性从句中不作成分，也没有语义，故将that改为what,表示”……的事情”］

2.（2024•辽宁葫芦岛模拟）Recently wehave had a discussionabout ifmoney canbringus happiness.Different studentshave differentopinions.if-whether［介词后接宾语从句时表示“是否”只能用whether］

3.（2024•河南八市重点中学联考）That wesaw madeus pickup ourthings andrun backtothe caras quicklyas possible.That-What［谓语动词made前面的部分为主语从句从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的东西（事情）”，故不能用That,应用What］

4.（2024•福建厦门二模）Even inhis earliestperforming years,Yo-Yo Mahadastrongbelief whetherit wasimportanttoshare musicwith allkinds ofpeople.whether-*that［依据句义可知belief后的句子是同位语从句，说明belief的内容，且从句不缺少成分及语义，故将whether改为that］

5.（2024•福建福田调研）Students exploretheir ownattitudes towardthe arts,writingreflective essayson whichthe artshave playeda roleintheirown lives.which-how［此处表述学生们写文章反思艺术是如何在他们自己的生活中发挥作用的on后面的部分为名词性从句作on的宾语，结合句义可知此处表示“如何”，故将which改为howo］【高考题型综合练】I.语法填空（2024•安徽合肥二模）One dayin1998,I wentto visitmy90-year-old grandmainanursinghome.She hadlived therefor15years.But itwas becominga littlebit sad,partly becausetheplace wasfull ofpeople who

1.（be）atthelast stageof theirlife.What，s

2.（bad）,itwastaking herlonger andlonger

3.（recognize）me.She wasreally excitedthat daybecause theywere havingadanceparty.I wasnot abigfan ofdancing,

4.I wasabigfan ofGrandma,so Iaccepted her。