专四英语听力听写后50篇听力原文

一、wc bu y newfurni ture a nd so on I t is an cndlc s s bu s i n e s sRich or p o or,we tak e tim e to furn i s h a ro o mPerh a p s some peo p lebuyfu r nitu r ein o r de r to impre s s theirf ri e nd sBut most o f us just want t o enjoy o ur、s u rro u n d i n gs^Wc wan t tolive asfortab1y as wc ca n afford toWc sp e n d a large p a rt o f ou rlive s a t home W e wan t to make a sm a II cor n er in the wo rIdwhic h we ca n r ecogni z e as ou r o wn26Travel f or Work、Y ou can se e them i n ev e r y airport i n t he worId They a rebus i nessme n a ndwomen who have t o t rav elfo r their worksWhen they first ap p lied f or thejo b,th e y rn a y have t h ou g h t of g o od food andhot eIs,h uge ex p e n se ac c ount s have to s it andfashion a bl ecities、Now theyJina i r p ortlounges,t i red and u n f ortabl e in their smart c1othes,1is t e n ing tothe10udspeake r announc eThe fight of T o kyo,o rBerlin,or NewYork iSd e lay e d f0r anot h er t w、S o me p eople s a y to me,“H o w1u ckyyou ar e t o beoho u rs able tot r ave1a b ro a d i n yo u r work!You c an go sigh t seei n g w i t h out p ay i ng any money、、b yyou r s eIf!”They think that myjob islik eT h ere a continual holi day Tt i s notare advantages,of course,a ndI ecauseI d o thi nI am lucky,bu t on1y bC an go to pl a C es Iwou1d neverv isit if27I wa s a to u ristI ntel1ige neeAr e some people bom cl e ve r,an d o t h e rs bom s t u pidOr is i n tel1igenced evelo ped by o ur en v i ro n m ent an d our e x pe r ience、S trangely enough,t he a n s we r to these questions is yes To S ome e x te n t ourin t e lligen c e is giv e nus atb i rt h,and no amount of special e d u c ation can mak e ag e n i us o u t0f a child bornw i th low i n te11i gence^On the ot her h and,a ch i1d who1i v es i n a boring environ m ent w i11dev e1op hi s i n t e lligcnceless t ha n one w h o1i v es、i nri c h a nd va r ied s urro u n din g s Thu s,the limits of a person s i n t e11i g en c e are f ixe d a tb i rth,whe t her o r not he r e ac h es those1i m i ts willdepend on h isen v ir o nme nt、T h is view h eld by mo s t e x per t s n ow,can be supp o rte d i n a、numbe r of ways As is easy t os h ow that inte1lige n ce i s to som e ex te nt、s o meth i n g we areborn withThe clos e r thebio o d r ela t i O nshi p between twop e o p le is,the clos er they are lik e1y t o b e i n in t ellig e nc e28A F r eeDres sEver yW e ekThe t empt a ti o n t o stealis gr e a t er t h an ev er b e f o re e s p eci a11yi nlarge shops and p eo p1e a r e not soh o n es t a s they once wereAd etect iv e recent1y watc h e d a well-dress e dwo man who alw a ys we n t i nto a large s tore o nMonday、mo r ning sOne Mond a y,t her e wer e few e rp eo pl e i n t hesh o p th a nus u al when the womancam e in,so it w a s eaS ier f o r th e de t ect i ve to watch he rThewoman fi r stboughta few sm a11articlesAftc r a1i111e ti m e,she c h ose one o f the most e xpen s i ved r esses in the s h op a n d ha n d e d i t t o a s S istant who wrapped it u pfor h e r as quiC kly a s p0ssibleThe woman s im P1yto o k the p arceland w a Ike d ou t of th e s hopwi t h o u tpayi n g W h e n s h e was ar r est e d,the detect i ve found o u t th a t the s hop as s i sta n twas h e rd aug h t e rBel ie ve it or no t,the girl“gave”her m o th er afree dress eve r y week!29Tim e、T i me is t angib1e On e can g ain time,spen dtime,w a s te tim e,save t i me,O r ev e nkil1time mon qu e stions in Americ a n Engli sh reve a1thi s c o n cr e t e q ua1it y as、thou g h time were a p os sessi on”Do you have any time”,“Can yo uget som etime for t his,“How muchfree time d o you h av e”The t rea tme n t of time as a、p os sess i o n i n f1u e n ces the way th a11i me is carefullydivi d ed（）Gen e rally,Ame r ica n s are ta u ght to do one thing a t a time andmay b e u nf r table when an activi t yis i n t err u p t e d s I n buS ines S es,t hecaref u

1、Sc h e d ulin g of time and th e Sep arat i on o f activities a re mon pract i ces，Ap p o i n tmen t ca1endars a re p r i n tedwit h15—,30—and60-minu t e time slots Theide a th a t there is a t ime and p1ace for ev e ryt hin g“e xt e n ds t oA me r i c an s ocia1li f c Visit O rs who drop b ywi t h o u tp r i or notiC cmay i n t errupt t h cirh ost s pe r s onaltimeT hus,c al1ing f r iends o n t h e te1eph o ne b efo r e vis i ting them isge n e ra lly、pre fer red to visitors d r op p ingbyUs e fu1wor d s and e xpr e ssions:1ta n g ible切实得、2k i11t ime消磨时间3reve a1显示，揭示、行程安排4s c hedu1ing、5slot缝隙、随便访问6dropb y、首选得7prefer r ed30Cartoo n istsI n a g o odcarto o n,t h e a rtist can t el1in af e w1i n e s as mu c h as aw r ite r ca n tell inh a Ifa doz e n paragraphsThe carto onist not O n ly t e1Is a story b u t he alsotr i es t op ersua d e the r e ader t o his wayo f thi nking He ha Sgr e at inf1u e nee o n publicopini o nI na politicalc ampaign,h e plays a n importa n tp a rt Co n troversialis s u e si n Con g r ess or a tmeetings of t h e Unite dN a t i o n s mayk eep the ca r too n istw el1-supplied w ith currentma te r i aI s、A c lever cartoon i s t maycau s e laug hter because he often u s eshumor i n hi s d rawing sIf he i ssketchi n gaf am o u s per son,h e tak e s apromi n en、t f eatu r e and exagg e rat e s itCa r toon i s ts,for ins t ance,like to1e ngthena nair e ady1on gn os ean d to w i de n analready b road g r inTh i s e x agg era t ion of ap e rson s ch a racteris t i c sis c all e d、c a ricature The artist uses such ex a gg erati o n to put his m e ssage ac r o ss漫画家活动、争论Use fu1W or ds a ndExpressions1c a rtoonist2^camp aign3controvcrsia1得，争议得素描卓越得、夸张、延长、4^sketch5^pr o m i nent6e xagg e ra te71e n g t h en8露齿笑g rin31Wa terPollutionWat e r is very impor ta n t to usFact o ries and plants ne e dwa terfor i nd u s trialu s es and lar ge pi ece s of farm1an dnee d it for i rriga t i o nWith o ut wate r t o drink,p eop1e die、in a sh ort timeToda ymost wate r sources are sod irty t h atpeop1e mustpu r ify wate r b ef0r e dr i nk i ngWater b e es d irty in many way si n du st r ialpo11utio n i s one of t hemWith th e d evelo pmen t of industry,pla n ts and fac t oriesp o ur tons o f indus tr ial、wasters i nto r i v ers ev eryday The r i v ershave be e ser iouS1y polluted,and the water isbeing unf ih appened toou r seas and oc e ansSo,t the proble m of w a terpoll ut ion is a1most ford rinking or irri gat i onThe sam e t hing ha s a1so、w orid wide Scient i S ts of manyc ou ntrie S have d one a10t o f work toJstop pollu tionThe、p ollu ted water in s omep1ac e s has bee c lean and dri nkable aga i n Perh apsone day the p e ople i n all town s and cities will be drin ki ngcleanw a ter Thatday,w eb eliev e,is not、very far o ff32Maki ng ap1ai nt、ph i ning a bout faulty go odS orbad S erv icesis never easy But i f somet hi ngy ouh ave brought i sfau1ty0r does not dowha twas claim e d fori t,you are not as k in g fora favor t o、get itp ut ri g h tphi nts should b e m a det Oa r e spon s ible person Goba Ckto t h e shopwh erc、y ouboug h tt h e goods,taking wi t hyou a ny r e ceiptyo uma yhave I n asmalls t ore the assistantma yalso be th eo wner s oyou canplain directIn a ch、a in s t orc,askth e man agcrI f you te1c phon e,aS k the n amc of the p ers onw h oh a ndl e s y our e nqui r y,otherwis e yo umay nev erfin d out w h od e al t with the、p1aint later If yo udonot want todo it i np erso n,w ri te a1etter Stickt o the facts and k e ep a copy ofw h at you wri te Att hi s sta ge y O uS hould giv ea nyr eceipt nu mber S,but you should not ne ed to g i ve rece ip t s0r0t h erp apers t oprove yo u bought th e ar t i cle33Wh er eD ot h e Bri t ishL i veNe a rly everyon e i n Britain wou1d lik e toown t h e ir own h ome a nd,whet h er theyJdO or not,they a re pr e pared t Oput timean dmo n ey in t odec orat i ng andfur n i shin gi t or even ma k ing s t ructur alal tera tions to itBecause of th ecl imatea nd bee au seof the ex p enseinvolv e d ingo i ngo ut for the even i ng,the Britishsp e n dalot o ftim eat hom ea nda large part o f their s0cial lifetak e spla Cet h e re Yo u ngpeople tendto staywit ht h e irfamilie S1onger t h eseda ys asacmoda ti on is expensi vebut,whent hey mov e away to a job or co11e ge,there areva rious opt ion s ope、nt o the m T hey c an getlodg i ngsw i th a lan d ladyThi smean s th at theyren ta room in someone shOuseand haveb r e aJkfastwith、th e f ami1y Th e yc anal s o getab ed-si11ing room,that i s tosa yone、se1f—contain edr oominw hich t h eycan co0k,1iv eand s leep Alt ernati v e1v,theycan sh ar ea rented flat or house wit h a g roup of young peop1e,per haps themos t、po p ul a r option o fallUseful Wor d s andEx pressi O ns:1lo d gin g寄宿处2^b edsit卧室兼起居室、3bed-sitting卧室兼起居室得4se1f-c onta i n ed设备齐全得34Wil1p uter s Re placeHu manB eing sWc ar ei nth ep utcr age today Thep uters arcwo rking al1ki nd S ofwonders n owThey ar ever yus efu1i na utomati cco ntrol an d dataproce ssingAtthe s am etime,p uters ar efi n ding their w ay in toth e h ome Th eyse e m to beso c1ever and Cansolve Such pli c ated prob1em s th at some people thinks o oner or1a ter they wil1r ep1a c e us、But Ido no tth i nkthat t her e is such ap oss ibilityMy reasonisverysimple:p uters are mach i nes,not huma ns Andour task s a re far too various andplicated for an y one sing1e kindof machine to performP robably the greatestdiff eren c e be tw e e nman andp uteri S that the formerca n do things of hi s own whilethe1atter can do noth i ng without beingprog rammed I n myopinion,p utersw i11re m ain nothing bu ta n exte nsi on ofour hum an b ra ins,no m atter howcle v era ndpli c ated they may bee36Art i sts、E v er y ar t ist knows in hi s heart that he iss ay i ngsomething to the pub1icN otonly do eshe wa ntto S ay i twe11but he w a nts ittob e s om e thingwhich hasnot5b eensa id bcf0reWha tvisual art is t s,1i kepain ters,w a nt to sayis easyto makeout butd i ff ic ulttoe xplain,bee ause pa inter s translatet h eir expe r ienc e sinto sh a pes and col or snot wO rdS、They seemt O f e el t h at a certain select iono f shap esan d colors,o uto f the c ountlessbill i on so fp ossible,is exceptionally in teres tingfor th、em and w ort h showi ng tousMost artists taket heir sh ape S andfrom an dcolor sfrom th e wor1do f natur ehuma n b od i es inmotion and r esponse;the ir choices indie a te that these a s pects o f the wor1d arew orthlooking at,t h atth ey conta in beau t ifu、1sightsC O ntemp or ar y arti st smight say thatt h eymerely choose sub e ctst hatp r o vide、an inte r estingpattern,th att h ere is nothingmore in it Yet even t h ey don otc hoose entire1v w i t h o utref ere nc e to t hech a ra cterof their sJubj ect sUs eful wO rds and Exp r essiO ns:、1visual artist视觉艺术家、2se1ection挑选，选择、3exc eptional例外得，异常得、4motion运动，动作、5ind ic ate显示，象征6s contemporary当代得，同时代得、7w i t ho utref erenc e to不论，与无关、、37P ro f e ssio anl Sport sin the U SP rof es Siona1sp ort sare not0nly veryp0p ularin th e Uni ted States,bu t also abig、、busines sThe m ostp op ular sport s arebase b a11,footba11and ba ske tballE achsport has its0wn se ason a nd in div idual te amshave millio ns of supporterProfess ional tc a ms arc namedfor t heciti es where the yare1o c atedFo rex ample,th e L akersarein LosA n ge1es Th e str onge st support er so ftheL a ke rs are、r esident S ofLo SAn ge1es andSouth e rn Califor n iaW h en th eLake rsplay,many、，people in Los Ang elesent h usiast i ca1ly follow the gameW h en weme ntion“NBA”、、a1most ev cryon e kn ow si tah ss omere1a tions hipwithU S pr、、、0f essiO nal basket ballHo wev er,what doesit reallysta ndfo rN BA isga ining newfan sand supp ortersaround thewo rId Basketbal1has bee nc a11ed the“nation a

1、、pastime H o weve r,footb a11is the most popula r professi0nal sp ort inthe U、、S Americ a nfootb a11is di f fcrentfrom in ternationa1fo0tball,which Americansc a

11、“s occ erBoth games req uirestren g th a nd speci a lized sk illsUsefu1W o rds and E xpr e ssions:、1be namedfor被指定为2^b esho rtfor就就是得简称3st a nd for代表38How to”Bo o ksBook swhic hgive inst ructions on how todot hingsare popularint h eU n ited S t ates today Thousandsoft hese“how to”bo0k s are a vai1able InJf a ct,t h ere’、are ab o utfort housand boo k swith titl es thatb egi nwit hth ew o rds“h owt、Many“how to,book sgi v eadv iceon c a reersThey te11you how to ch oose aca reer and howto succeed init Manyo ft h ese book shelp people to us e th eir、free timebet ter Somepeop lew a ntbookw hiehwill gi veth em usefulinfo r mation about sp Orts,hob b iesan dtr avekOther peop1e u se theirf re etime tomake repairs and improveme nts on their homes^T h ey pr efer book s wh ichgi ves tep—by-step instr u ctiO ns O n how to repairt hi ngs1ike p1u mbing and e1ectr i ca

1、wiring oronhowt O rede Corate oren1ar gea ho useWhy have“howto“b ooks beesopopular Prob ab1y becau selife has beem orepl ex Todayp eop1ehavefar morefr ee to use,m orechoic estomake,an dmore pro blemsto solve,“how to“b ook shelp pe0pleto dealwi t h modernli f e按部就班得、重新装饰,再装饰、Useful wo r dsand Expressions1s tep-b y-step2redecora te3复杂得，综合得plex39Dont giveu pI f we would everac plish anythi nginlif e,let usn otf O rg ett hat we mustp ersev ereI f wewo u Id le arn our1esson sin schoo1,wemustbedi1i gent and not、giv eup wh ene v er we eto anyt hi ng d i f ficul tWe sh allfind m any ofour les S0ns ver yh a rd,but let us Consid er that the bardcr they arc thebette r the ywil1dotousif wewill prese rveand1earn th emth oroug hlyBut t here aresome among us whoare readytogive up whenth ey eto a har d e xampleinmat hemat ics,、”and say,I cant dothis Theynev erwi11i fth eyfe eI so“I cantnev erdoes any thingw orthwhi1e,but11try“acpli Shes w o nd e rsLet usrememb ert hat wesha11meet wi thdi ff icultie sa11through lifeT h ey ar ein、the pathway O f ev eryone Ifwewi11on1ytr ya ndkeep trydng,we sha11be sureto、c onquera ndovere veryd ifficu Itywem eet40How HighCan YouJ ump、Fleas traine rshave obs erv eda strange habit offleas whiletraini ng themFleas aretrained byput t、ingth emin a cardb oa rd boxwit hatop onitThe fl e aswillj u mp up a n dhi tthe top0fth ec ardboardboov er ando ver andoveragainJ um pa n dhi tthe lid,s0mething toj r yinteresting be esong erA syouw a tchth emJcontinu eump,b u11h eyare noj umpi ng hi go bviousThe fiea sWhen you takeoffthe lid,th efleas cont inueto jump,but th ey wil1J7n otjump outof、th ebox WhvThey willnot j um pOut b ecaus eth ey cannotjump ou tTheJsi mplesTh eyhavec ondi t ion ed themsel v estojump just sorea soni shig h、Once theyhave conditi onedt hem s elvestojump just So high、Once t henough tohi t theeyhav eco ndi tioned themselvestoM ajumpjust so hig h,that is alltheyc an do!、ny times,pe opie do the same thingTh ey restrictthemse1ve sa ndn everr eachtheirp0tenink i ng thust likethe f1eas,the yfail tO jumphigh er,the y、ar e doi ng al they Us efcandoul W ordsand E x pression s:

1、card bO ard纸板1id、2盖子condition ed、,3有条件得,习惯于得4^restrict限制，约束be rest ri ctedwithin narrowlimits限于狭窄得范围内be restricted inon es movement s行动受限制41Apolo g y Heip sI ti s nev er ea sytoa dmityo uare in thew rong Being human,we al1need to、k nowthe art o f apolog izingLo ok backwith honesty and think how o ften youhav ej udg edro ughly yousa id unkin d thi ngs,a nd pus hed yo ur self ah eadat thee xpenseof af riend Then co u nt the occasions whenyo ui ndicat edclearlya ndtruly thatyou wereso sor r yA b itfr i ght en ing,isn tit It is fri g hte ning,isn titto th e hea1th o f peopleWhether privatecars shoddbed eve1oped inChica go i S adi fficultquest ion toa ns wer,y etthed e sire for the fortand in dep en denceap riv atecar ca nbri ngwi11not beeli minat ed11A H enpeck ed Hus ba nda ndH isW i f e、Ther e was on cealarge,fat womanwho had a small,thin husbandHeha d、ajob in abig pany and wasgiven hi swe ekly wa g eseve ry Friday eve ningAs soonas he got h ome onFrida ys,hi swi f e usedto makehim give hera11hi sm oney,and t henshe usedto givehim back only enoughtobuyhis lunch、in his pany e very dayOneday,thesma11ma n cameh omevery excitedHe hurri edinto the、1iving-room His wi fewas1iSte ning totherad ioand eati ngchocol at es there、、“Y ou willnever guessw hathapp enedtome today,dear”hesai dHewaite dfo ra fewseconds and then added,“I wonten thousandd ol1arso n thelottery!”、“T h at isw0nderfu1!”Sa id hiswif edeligh tedly Butt hensh epulle dalong faceand addcd a n grily,“But howc oul d youaff ordto buythetic ket”Ue fulWord san dExpress ions**、怕老婆得，妻管严得1henpe c ked、彩票2lottery虚无缥缈得事、拉下脸来脸皮厚得竟ag reat1ottery3p u11a1ong faceha vea facetosa ythat能讲出这种话12AYou ngMan sP rom is eIt isfrighte ning becauS esome deepwisdo min uSknow Sthat when evenasm a11wro ng hasbeen mitted,some mys teriousmoral fe elingst ays ou tof isdisturbed;and itbala nee unti1f aultisac knowledged andreg retexp resseAheartf eIt ap ologyca n n ot onl yheal adamaged relationship butalso makeit、stro nger Ify oucanthink o f s omeonewho deservesa nap o1ogy fromyou,someo ne you h avew ronged,or judgedtooroughl y,or justneg1ect ed,do somethi ngabout it right、nowU S eful Words and E xpressio ns:、1push ahead捉紧进行、2attheexpe nseo f在损害得情况下、3mvs terio usJ神秘得、4moral道德得、5di s tur bed扰乱得、6stay outof不参与,置身于之外7^heartfe1t衷心得，真心真意得、8roughl y粗糙地，概略地42Slee pWhyisit sodifficu It to falla sieep whenyou are overtiredT here isno Oneanswer that applies to e very ind ivi dua1Itisp os sible tofe e1“tire d”ph ys ica11yand stil1beuna bletofaIIas1eep,because whileyo urbodymay beexhaust ed,、yo udo not fe e1s1e epyI tis notso ea sytoS imply“turn off”、L ackofsleepplic ates matters evenmoreExpe rtssay adults needat、1eastse ven to ei ght hou rsof sieepa ni ghttO functionpro per ly^Whenyouget leS ssie cpthanthat on c o nsccutive three nights,you begin t0accrue four”s1ee p、debt”As sleep debtincre ases your bo dy exper ie ncesast ressres ponseNow avic iO us cycle hasbeen creatcd:You exp erienccthe fee ling ofbei ngmoreand、more tired,but your bodyisin creasi ng lystim u1ated”Powe rsleeping”for mor ehours on weeken dsis on1yatem p orary solu tionT here isnosu bstitu tef0rgetting ago od nigh tss1eepon areg ularb asis使过度疲劳Us eful WordsandExpress ions:1over tire、将应用于2apply to、连续得，连贯得3con secut ive、自然增加，产生4accrue、恶得5v ic iousv icio us cycleJ恶性循环6^stimu1ate刺激，激励代替7^s ubstitute fo r,替换43Our Cone er nThe histoty ofli feonearth hasbeena histO ryof interaction between1iving、t hingsandth eirsu rroun dingsToa1arge ext ent,the p hysi ca1form and theh abitsof the earth svegetation andi ts animal1ifehavebeen moldedby theenv ir onmentOnly in the present centuryha sonespe cies of manac quiredsigni f i cantp owerto alter th enatur eofhisw or1d、T he rap idity0f Change f0110ws thepace of man ratherth an thepace O f na turc、Radiation is nowthe unnatura1creat ion ofman st ampering withthe atom Thec hemicals arethec reationsofmansinventivemi nd,havi ng no counterparts innatureWehave putpoisonou sandbio1o gica11y potentchemi ca1s into the han dsof、persons lar gelyignora ntoftheirpo tentials forharm Wehavesubjecte den ormousnum bersof peopleto conta ctwith these enormous numbersofpe opletoconta ctwithth ese poisons,wi thout theirco nsentand oft enwithout、th eir knowledge Wehave allowed th ese chemicalstobe usedwithlitt1eor no、adva nce inves tigationoftheir ef feetFu t ure generat ions ar e unlikel ytof Orgive、ou r1a ckof co n cernU s ef u1Words and Exp ress ions:、1N int erac tion交互作用，交感、2ve getatio n植被、3mo1d塑造，浇铸、4spe c i es种类、5un na t ura1不自然得、6temp er with损害，影响、配对物7coun terpart、8p oisonous有毒得、9potent有力得，有效得、10conse nt同意，赞成44Ga rd ening inAm eric aBelieve ornot,43,000,000Am erica ns aregarde ningThat is aboutone insix、Gardene rs,of course,einmanyvarieties Notsurpri singly,most of themarepeop1ewho1ivein thes ubur bs,andenjoyplanting flowe rs,or maybea smal1v egeta blesgar den^T hea verage ageofg ard enersin Ameri ca isabout45yearso1d;they usually fallJ、some whe reinthe middleclas sBut the fas t est gro winggro ups are C ity dwellersUrbanr esidentsare findingways0f gard eningeven in their crow dedare as Manygoto1argepub1icgard ens,as aplace design cdbythe cityf orgarden,and you can actually ranch yourown plotStill otherpeo ple usetheir balconies orroof to ps,whe reverthey canf indthe spaceto plantsmall patch esof green郊区、居民Useful Wordsand Expressi ons:1suburb2dw eIler、经营牧场、阳台3ranch4baIcony、小块地5pat ch、45The Infl u enceofLifeIn t he ear1yti meswhen human be ingshunted andgat hered fo od,the ywer enotin c ontrol oftheir environment Theyc ould onlyinteractw itht heirsurroundi ngs astheot herlowera nimalsdidW hent hey1e arnedtomakefire,howev er,they be C ame capableofaltering thc ir、enviro n men tTo prov ide themse Ives with fuel,they cu t downt reesThey alsoburnedcle aringsin fo reststo increaset hegrowth of gr assandto provid ea、greater grazingarea f or thewild animalsthathum an bei ngsfed uponThis、devel opm ent1edtofarm ingand th edom est icationof animal sF ireprovi ded the、means forco Oki ng plantswhi ch hadprevi ously beeninedib1e Only when the pro Ce ssof mee tingt heba sicneedfor foodreached aC ertainlevel wasitpo ssible forhuma nstofol1ow ot herpursuits suchas setti ng up families,form ing societi esand fo undingc itiesU sefulwordsa nd ExpreSsi ons:、1N interactwith与组合、空旷地2clea ring、3grazing放牧，牧草、4d omestication驯养，驯服、5previou sly先前，以前、6ined ib1e不能吃得,不适于食用得、7pursuit追击、8set up设立46Au tomob i lesIt is im p ossibleto say that any onemanin vented theautomobil eM anvJindividu a1s1i ving andworki ngindi ffe rent coun tries and atdif ferenttimes、contri b uted to its developmcntMany oft he discoveri esthat wentinto thec re a tionofthe automob、ile weresma11in themse1vesBut togethe rthe yw erc、、imp Ortant Here are twoexam pies、”“C arri ageisr unning at asp eedof8to9miles an hourIt was a1m ost unh eard、of intho Se daysAcco rdin gtoautomob i1ehistorians,t his was thefirst practica1useofmech anica1power tomoveavehicle Afteritsfirst run,the machinerep ort ed1y burnedupwhilethe inventor and his f riend swere ce1ebrating its、sue Ce ssatap ubHenryF ord is consideredthefather ofmodem automob ilesmassJ、producti onH isfamou sMo del-T car,be caus eofits lowpr ice ma deit pos sibletoprod uCeC arsOna1arg esC aleand hisefforts madeit accessibleto ordinarypeopleU sefulw ords and expressions:、1reportedly据传说，据传闻、大规模生产2mass prod uction、大规模地3onalarge sc ale、4ac CesSible易接近得，可到达得a ccess ibleto与接近47Hou SeandHome、“House”and“home”are twowor dsthathav esi mil armeani ngs,House”andhome”both refertop1aces wh erepeople1ive However,there isa、di f fere nee between themHome”is often ref erredto asthep1ace thatwe1ive inwithou rfam i1iesSad1yinour society,peOpie ca nha rdlydi sting uishahome5fro mahousebecause they oftenseeco n no di f ferenceb etween them Th i sfusi oncanbetr aced bac ktothe indi ff ere neebetween fami lym ember、

5、Therefore,we cansaythatlo veihomeisasanimportantf actorina home Ash elter,noto nly for ourbodiesbut verwearea Iso forourmi ndsWh en edepre ssed,wc can go home forfort Every one to takecare、ofeach other and shareorrow Withouthou secannev in the familv willdo hisbestJthei rhap piness as well ass1o ve,a homeismerel ya ho u sewhere Ionelinessis alltha tcan befoun d、And aerbeahome unlessthere is loveU Seful wordS and express i ons、1refe rto提到、2dist ingu ish区别，辨别3confiisio n混乱，混淆4s trace back追溯到、5indif ference不关心、6depr essed沮丧得48Populati onGrowth、Itiswell—k nownth at there hasb een adras t ic increaSeinwO ridpopul atio nButi tisprobably leswe11—kn ownthattheexti nction rateof wild1ifesp eciesis、experie ncingapar alle1tr end、、Take the UnitedSt atcs fo rin stanceIn1990USpopulatio nreach ed an5unprec edented1eve1of250millio n,which isa ppro ximate ly250times ofthatof、1800On theot her hand,wildlif espec iesaredisap pearing from the countryat、、ana larmingra te B y1990,about70wildl ifespec ieswould ne verbeseen in USW eare fullyjust ifi ed in de c1a ringthat theexplosive popu1ationgro wth has hadan adverseef fecton the sur vivalofwiIdlif eSpeciesand will beacOns tantt hrca ttothewiIdlife resou rcesifno immediate actio nsaretakenNothing has everequ aled the magnitudea ndspeed withwhich thehuman、spec iesisaltering thephysica1and chemica1worl dIthasbeendemolis hingthe、environm ent we areliving in激烈得Usefu1wordsand expres sions:1N drastic、平行得2pa ral1el3^tre nd倾向空前得4^unprece dented、5magnitude大小，数量、改变6alter、毁坏7demol ish49Na tur a1Resource sT hro ughthe changesinthe waysof makinga1iving inafami1y over severalgcncrati0ns,thecartoonaims ats oundinga warninga gain st man swaS tefuluse of natural res our、c esand emph asizingthe urgentneed topreserve th eseres ource sEversinc eman appear edontheearth,mansS urv ivalhasbeen heavi1yde pend enton na ture^Alm Osteveryth ingwe usein our everyda y1i fc es f romnat u re,r anging from thefo odwe eat,thewat er wedrin k,tothewo od whic histur ned into furn iturcWith the developmen toftech no logyandpo pu lationgrowth,the amountandra ngcofmate ri al s usedhas in erea sedatan alarmingrate However,natural res ourcesarenot inexhaust ibleSome reserves arealr ead yonthebri nkof ex h austion andthereisnoho peof rephein gthemThe、w idespreadwat er shor tageisanex amplein pointIf man continu edto、5qua ndernatur a1resour Ceswithno tho ughtforthefuture,the wholeworid wouldbe ina mesSUsef u1WordsandExpressions:、谋生1make a1i ving、瞄准2aim at、胸怀大志3aim high、使人惊动得4a1armi ng、无穷无尽得5inexhau sti b1c、浪费6squander7^be ina mess乱七八糟50R eadingNowaday s few of usreadbooks af terwe1eave sc hoo1This is rather disturb ing,for oneshouId knowthat booksareno1ess nece s saryto ones menta11i feth an freshair isto ones physica1life From goodreadingwe、can derivep anionship,exper ience andi nstruction Agood bookis ou r、f aith fillfrien dIt canincrease ourcontentme ntwhe n wearec heer fuland happy,、and lessen our painw henwe aresad or1o nelyBooks can also offer us awiderange of experience Fewofuscantrav e1far fromhome or1ivelong over

1、00,b utall ofuscan liv e many1ivesthr ough the pages of booksWhat smore,rcadi ng bookscanincreas eou ri ntc11ectua1ability,broaden ourmin dsandmake uswise、With the ing ofTV,b ooksareno1O ngerread aswi delyas theyon cewereHowe ver,nothing can、rcpla Cethe ro1e thatbooks playin ourli vcsU sefu1wor dsandexpressions:11ea veschool离校，中学毕业、烦扰得精神得、得到、伴2disturb ing3^men ta14deri ve5panion ship侣、智力得6intelle ctua1On eda y,a youngman waswr iting aletter tohisgirl fr iendwho1ived justafew mi1es awayina nearby town Hewas telli ng her howmuch helo ved、her andhowwon derful hethought sh ewasThe morehew rote themorepoetiche bccame F inally he said thatinordertobewi th her hewo uId suffer,theg reatestdifficulties,hew ouldface the gre atest danger sthat anyonefact,tospend onlyonec ou1dn,timagin e、Inminu tewith her,he wouIdswi macross thewidest river,hewould enterthede epestforest,andhe woul dfigh t againstthefi、ercestan imalswi th hisbare hands He finished the1e tte r,signed hisn ameand thensudd enlyrememberedtha theha dfor go ttentomentionsomething quit eimport antSo,ina postscriptbel0w hisn ame,headd ed:“By the way,illbe overto seeyou onWedn eS daynight,if it doe s、ntr ain•»13AK indNe ighbor、、Mr andMr sJones apartmentwas ful1Of1ugga ge,pa Ck ages,furnitu reandbox es Both of、t hemwere very bu sy whenthey heardthedo orbellri ng、Mrs Jo neswentto openit and shesaw amiddle-a gedlady ou tsideThe1adv s aid sheliv ed nextdoorMrs Jones invited hertoeinand apologized bccause therewas no、、”place forh crtositO h,that sO K、saidthe lady”I just eto we1eto yourne whome Asyou know,in somepa r ts ofthisci ty,nei ghborsarenotfriendly atal1Theyaresomeapartme nthouseswherepeopledont knowa nyof theirne ighbors,not eventhe oneS nextd oorBut in thisbuildin g,everyone isvery、friend1ywitheveryone e1se Weare ab ighappy familyIamsu reyo uwill、be ve tyhappy hereM rand MrsJ onessaid,“But madam,weare not、、new dwe11ers inthis apartment Weve lived herefortwo years Weare mov ingouttomo rro、w14Tha tIsnt OurFau1t、、Mr andMr sW iIlia msgot married whenhewas twenty—thr ee,andshe wa stwentyTwenty—five yearslater,theyhadab igpart y,andapho tog raph ercam eandtook some phot ographs ofthemThen theph ot ographer、g aveMrsW i1li amsaC ard and said,“The y11be、ready nextWednes day Youcan gett hemfrom studio、“N oMrs Wi lliamssaid,“please sendthem tous、The photograp hs arrivedaweek1ater,butMrs Wil1iams wasnothap pywhen、shesaw them Sheg otinto hercarand drovetothe photograp hers、studi0Sh ewe nt insideandsaidangri1y,“You tooks0mephot0graph s0f meandmy husb and1astweek,butI mnot go ingto payfor them“Oh,why not”theph otographeraske d、“Bec ause myhus band10oks likea monkey,Mrs WiHiamsSaid“Well,“theph otographe ranswered,“thatisn t our fa ultWhy didn tYOUthink of tha t before youma rr iedhim”JJ15A Guide*sA nsw erI n1861,the Civ i1War startedinthe Uni tedS tatesb etweentheN orth ernandthe South ernsta t cs Thewar cont inuedwith greatbittern essuntil、1865,whenthe Nor t hernerswer evict oriou sHowe ver,eventoda y,manySou therners have notf orgOtten theirdefeat,or forgiventheN orthern、ersA fewyears ag0,apart yofAm er icantou ris tswere goingr oundone of theba tdefie1ds oftheCi vilWar withagu idewho camef romone ofthe Sou ther nstatcsA teach p1ace,thegu idet0Id the t0uris ts stirringstori es abouthowa fewSou thernsoIdi erShad conquered po werfulfOrces of Norther ners、thereAt last,one ofthe touri sts,a hdywhoca mefromthe North,stopp edtheguide andsaidto him,“But surelythattheNort herna rmymu stha vewonatleastone vict oryintheCiv i1Wa r”“N otas1ong asIm theguid ehere,madam,“a nsw eredthe Southernguide16A Qualif iedPi1otThe capta inofasmall shiphad to go along arocky coast,but hewa sunfami1i arwithit,sohe tr iedto finda qua1ified pi lo ttoguid ehi、mHe wentashor einone ofthe smal1ports,andalocal fishe rman pretende dthathewas apilotbeca usehen eededsom emoney Thecapt aintoo khi、on board andasked himwhere tosteer the shipAfter half anhour,the captainbegan toS usp ectthat the fisherman did notreally knoww hathewas d0ing andwherehewasgo ing、“Are yous ure you area qua1i fiedpi lot”he asked、“Oh,yes,answe redthefisherm an”I know everyroc konthispartofthe coasts”S udden1y therewas aterr ibleCras hfrom under theshipA toncethefishermanadded,“A nd thatsone ofthem、You andall organismsoflivean envir o nmen tAn env ironmentismadeeverythi ngthats urrothe、u ndsanorganism Itcanincl ude theair,eve n other、organismsA norganism responds to chang esin itsenviron ment、Wh enanorg anism、respondstoacha nge,it reactSince rtain wavsA11living thingsrespondJ17Living Things React、1nsomc wayHaveyou evernoticed how pla ntsandbendins ects res pondto1ight Plants、、t owardligh tInsects fly towardlig htL iv ing things alsor esp0ndinother waySThe1eave Sonsom etreesrespondt oa changein seasonIna utumn,they changecolor sandthenfa11off、theb ranch esA nimalsalso respondtoac hangeinse asonS quirr elssavcn uts forthe winterBear ss leepthr oughthewinterinacave、You respondto your environmentinmany ways,too Youmay shiverare coldW hat oth er wayS ifvJdo youresp ondtochange sinyOuren virOnm ent18F1owerin gPlantsWhat arethe partsofafl ower、F1owers can havemalepa rtsand fem a1epa rtsThe fem alepar tsmake eggsthat bee seedsThe malepartsmak epo11enP olien isapowd ery materia1that is neededbythee ggsto makeseedsTo make seeds,pollen andeggs、mu stetoget her Thewind,insects,and birdsb ringpollen toeggSs、M any animalslo ve flowersbri ghtcolors TheyaIso likea sugary liquid in f1o wersThis is calledn eC tarWhile theydr ink nect ar,pol1enrubs off on their bodies Asthey move,some ofthis pol1en getsd eliveredtothe femaleflo wer partsOve rtime,thefemale partsturnint ofr uitsthat con tains eedsAn imalsoft eneatthef ruitsandtheseed Sp assthrough theirbodies aS wasteThe animalsdono knowtheyarewo rkin gfortheplants byp1a ntingS eedsastheytravel todifferent p1aces!Useful wordsandEx pressions:开花得1fl0wering、花粉2poll en、粉力火得3powd ery、含糖得，甜得4suga r、花蜜，甘露5ne Ctar、磨擦6rub19Finding the Dire ctionand Locat ion、How canyou te11which directionByday,look fortheSun Itisinthee astinthemorningand、thewest intheaf ternoon Atnight,usethe Big、Dipper tohel pyou findtheNorthStar ItwouId bebetter tobring apass becauseits needlealw ays pointsnorthH ow doyouknow how faryou have goneYou cou1dCount everyste、p Ea chstep isabout twof eetYoud be11erwearape d0me terwhich isa too

1、that hasagoodmi xture ofclay and sandInsom eplaces,so i1lay ersare verythick^Lots ofp1antsgrow inp1accswith at hicksoil1ay erIndry andwindy places soil layers arem uchthinner Layersof soilonmountains arethin becausegravity pullsthe、soi1downh iHThe typeofsoil inapar ticu larplacea ffcctswh atntscan kindsOfp1a、gro wther e1chy黏土，泥土、

2、lo am肥土、3层lay er、4地心引力，重力gravity、5往下downhi1122Crisi sLifeisc0nteSt!Wh owi11win Ab1uebird and Sparrow bothpete forands pac tobu iId theirnests Afas t-growin gmapie tr eeslower-growing dogwoodpeteforthe su n1ightthey bothne Oi1petes with coala ndn uclearpowe rasanen e rgysou rce for lect ricpower plants!There isrob1emsThere isa1i mitedtof spaceforb irds,sunlig hfortree s,sdene rg yfor peopl e!If wedo notcutback onourusesofome ofourresources,s omedaytheywi11be go ne!How canwe Seen erg yt odayandknow wewi11ha ve enoughtogoar ounthe futureWe canchoose altern ate,orrep1acem ent,energ yrc sources、Ittakes theearth mi1lions of years tocreatecoal,oi1,dga sTheyarcno nrenewablerc sourcc sS olarenerg y,wind ene rgyand waterene rgyarerenewabl resourc、esIttakes theearth millionsofyearsto createcoa1,oi1,andgasThey arenonr enewable resourceS、So1arcnc rgy,wind cne rgyantherwavs dwatc rcnc rgyarc rcn cwab1c What oJcanwe conserveour sour cescanwe makesurethereisalwaysenou ghto goar ound1blue bird蓝知更鸟、、麻雀2sparro wdo gwood山茱萸、4p owerpla nt发电厂，发电站、5alt ernate替换物、6不可再生资源non renewab1e resourcescons、7保存，保藏e rve23Am erica sWorst Surprise、Dec emb er7,1941was one oftheworstdaysinAme rican histOry Nearlya11Am ericans whoare oldenough toremember thatday canstill rememberwhat、they weredoing atthemomentthey heard“the newsThe newswas thatAmerica hadbeenat tacked!、、，Short1y before2:00P Ma radiodispat Ch cameintO Washi ngtOnfromHon o1u1u,、Hawa ii,Ai rR aid,Pea r1Harbo r-Thisisnodr iIk”J apan esep1anes ha d begunanatt ackonthelargest Americanmi1itary baseintheP acific Theyfirst destroyed、、pla neSOnthe groundThen theyb ombedthesh ipsintheharborN oonehad expectedthe attackSo noonewasprepared for itAnd itdid nottakeIon gforJapane setodoth eirdamag eW henthe smokecl eared,the Navy、、counte dits losseS Eighteenships hadb eensunk orbadly damaged Near1y150planes hadbee、、ndestroy edMore than2,400Am erica nshad beenki1led andmorethan1,200wound edUseful WordsandEx pressions:、1dispatch派遣，急件、2air raid空袭、3drill军事训练，操练、4Pear1H ar bor珍珠港、24Great DepressionintheU SIn1929,thebi11ssta rtedtoeinAmerican industryhad produc edtOo many、good sAmeri canscould not affordtobu yall ofthemSo factorieshadto cutd own ontheirprod uction Manyworker s1ost their jo bsInvesto rstried to get、their mon eybac kBut busi nesS esdidnot haveenoug hmoney topay them、、B ankstried togett heirmoney backfrom investorsBu ttheinvesto rs cou1d notp ay,eithcr Too、、many peopleowed moneyAnd£ewofthemcouldp aytheir billSDurin gthenext few years,business gotwo rseand worseBy1932,b anksalloverthecountrywerec1o sing、P eop1ewi thoutmoney couldnotbu ygo ods So morebusi ne ssesc lo。