2025版高考英语二轮复习专项技能保分练三推理判断题

专项技能保分练

（三）推理推断题A[2024•新疆适应性测试]When Iwas ayoung man,I thoughtI kneweverything.I lookedforward to fameand success.I caneven rememberonce incollege tellingone ofmy friends,“If onlyeveryone listenedto methen theywould allbe happy.I finallyleft schoolreadyto take on the world.Little didT knowthe worldwas aboutto takeon me.In theyears followingcollege insteadof successI foundstruggles.I had trouble findingajob.The jobsI didwork atwere eithertemporary orback-breaking andnone of them paidwell.When mywife andI hadchildren,we wereshocked tolearn thatnot onebut bothof oursons had autism（自闭症）and wouldneed tobe takencare offor therest of their lives.I hadno ideawhy allthat hadhappened tous.In time,however,I beganto change.Instead ofsuccess,I foundjoy inmoments of love.Playing andlaughing withmy sonsbrought meso muchhappiness.My boystaught memore aboutpeace,patience,kindness,joy,and unconditionallove.I beganto sharethe lessonsI learnedthroughmy writingand life.I finallyrealized thatmy purposein thisworld hadnothing todo with fameor successand hadeverything todowithenjoying thelove I have and sharingit witheveryone asmuch asI could.Always rememberthat momentsoflove can becomedays oflove anddays oflovecan becomeyears oflove.You maynot behappy100%ofthetime.No onecan bein thisworld.Put allof your moments,days,and yearsto good use and live them with love.体裁记叙文题材个人经验主题用爱充溢生活【语篇解读】作者通过自身的经验告知我们人生在世，不要过度追求功名，要珍惜现在所拥有的一切，用爱充溢生活

1.Which ofthe followingwords canbest describethe authorin collegeA.Hardworking.B.Reliable.C.Knowledgeable.D.Ambitious.答案与解析D考查细微环节理解依据第一段中的“I lookedforwardtofame andsuccess...I finallyleft schoolready totakeontheworld”可知，作者在高校时是有理想的A.He was once defeatedby reality.B.His wifehadtroublebearing achild.C.His sonsshocked himwith theirideas.D.He wassuccessful afteryears ofstruggle.答案与解析:A考查细微环节理解依据其次段的内容，尤其是Ihad troublefinding ajob“not onebut bothof oursonshadautism（自闭症）”可知，作者曾深受现实打击

3.According to the author,the mostimportant thingin lifeis.A.succeeding incareerB.valuing thelove aroundC.loving childrenunconditionallyD.sharing everythingwith others答案与解析B考查细微环节理解依据第三段最终一句I finallyrealized that...enjoyingthe loveIhave andsharingit witheveryone asmuch asI could”可知，依据作者的说法，生活中最重要的事情就是珍惜身边的爱

4.The authorwrote thetext totell us・A.how to live withautismB.how tobe patientand kindC.to runafter fameand successD.toliveevery momentto thefullest答案与解析D考查写作意图依据最终一段最终一句Put allofyourmoments,days,andyears togooduseandlivethemwithlove”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是告知我们要充分利用我们生活中的每一刻，用爱充溢生活B[2024•福建三校联考]Air pollutionshortens humanlives by more than a year,accordingto a new study from a team of leading environmentalengineers andpublic healthresearchers.Better air quality couldlead toa significantextension oflifespans（寿命）around theworld.It is the firsttime thatdata onair pollutionand the lifespan has been studied togetherin orderto checkhow air pollution affectsoverall life expectancy.The researcherslooked atoutdoor air pollution fromparticulate matter（PM）（颗粒物）smaller than

2.5microns.These particulatescan enterdeep into the lungs,and breathingPM

2.5is associatedwith theincreased riskof heartattacks,strokes andcancer.PM

2.5pollution comes from powerplants,cars andtrucks,fires,agriculture andindustrial emissions（排放物）.Led byJoshua Apte,the teamused datafrom theGlobal Burdenof DiseaseStudy tomeasurePM

2.5air pollutionexposure andits consequencesin185countries.They thenquantified thenationalimpact onlife expectancyfor eachindividual countryas wellasona globalscale.“The factthat air pollution isa majorglobal killeris alreadywell-known,“saidApte.And weall careabout howlong wecan live.Here,we wereable tosystematically identifyhow air pollutionshortens livesaround theworld.What wefound isthat airpollution hasavery largeeffect onsurvival一on averageabout ayear globally.”In thecontext ofother significantphenomena negativelyaffecting humansurvival rates,Apte saidthis isa bignumber.For example,its considerablylarger thanthe benefitinsurvival wemight seeif wefound curesfor bothlung andbreast cancercombined,“he said.In countrieslike Indiaand China,the benefitfor elderlypeople ofimproving airqualitywould be especially large.For muchof Asia,if airpollution wereremoved asa riskfor death,60-year-olds wouldhavea15percent to20percent higherchance ofliving toage85or older.”体裁说明文题材环境爱护主题空气污染导致人的寿命缩短一年以上【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文探讨表明，良好的空气质量有益于延长寿命，但是空气污染导致细颗粒物进入人体肺部，导致心脏病、癌症、中风发病率上升，从而影响人的寿命【难句分析】It isthe firsttime thatdata onairpollutionand thelifespan hasbeenstudied togetherin orderto checkhow airpollution affectsoverall lifeexpectancy.分析句中“how airpollution affectsoverall lifeexpectancy为how弓I导的宾语从句，作及物动词check的宾语；本句运用了It is/was the first/second time that...句型，that从句用完成时态，即一般状况下主句为一般现在时，that从句用现在完成时；主句为一般过去时，则that从句用过去完成时译文这是首次将空气污染和寿命数据结合起来探讨，以查明空气污染如何影响总体预期寿命

5.What dowe knowabout PM

2.5A.It hasa badeffect onhuman health.B.It will be controlledin thefuture.C.It mainlycomesfromindustrial emissions.D.It spreadsto theworld fromAsian countries.答案与解析A考查细微环节理解依据第三段其次句“These particulatescan enterdeepinto thelungs,and breathingPM

2.5is associatedwith theincreased riskof heartattacks,strokes andcancer”可知，PM

2.5影响人体健康，故A项正确

6.What didthe researchersdo tostudy howairpollutionaffects thelifespanA.They collectedaccurate informationfrom allthe Asiancountries.B.They employedthe researchdata tocalculate theeffect.C.They studiedthe diseaseand lifespantogether timeand timeagain.D.They measuredparticulate mattermuch morecarefully thanbefore.答案与解析B考查细微环节理解依据其次段“It isthe firsttimethatdata onairpollution and thelifespanhasbeenstudiedtogetherin orderto checkhowairpollution affectsoveralllifeexpectancy,,可知，这是首次将空气污染和寿命数据结合起来探讨，以查明空气污染如何影响总体预期寿命故B项正确

7.What canbe inferredfrom the textA.The keyto peopleliving longeris goodairquality.B.People thinkairpollutionisthe most dangerouskiller to them.C.Apte willagree thatpeople shouldtake actionto dealwith airpollution.D.Factories shoulddecrease theproduction ofcars tostop airpollution.答案与解析C考查推理推断依据尾段的内容，尤其是“In countrieslike Indiaand China,the benefitfor elderlypeople ofimproving airquality wouldbeespeciallylarge可知，Apte认为改善空气质量对老年人有好处据此可推知，他会同意人们实行措施应对空气污染，故C项正确

8.What isthe besttitle forthetextA.The WayHuman BeingsEnjoy aLonger LifespanB.The Importanceof GettingRid ofAir PollutionC.Asian PeopleAre Sufferingfrom SeriousAir PollutionD.Air PollutionReduces theLifespan byMore ThanOneYear答案与解析D考查标题推断通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句Air pollutionshortenshuman livesbymorethanayear,according toanewstudyfromateamofleadingenvironmentalengineers andpublic healthresearchers,,为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章通过介绍科学探讨，说明空气污染导致人的寿命削减一年以上故D项最适合作本文的标题[2024•武昌区调研]Historians and archaeologists havedefined periodsof humanhistoryfor centuriesby the technologies or materials that made the greatest impact on society.Thisincludes theStone Age,the BronzeAge,and the Iron Age.But whatage arewe innow Thatquestioncanbeanswered withone wordfor someresearchers.Plastics.“Plastic hasredefined ourmaterial cultureandtheartifacts weleave behind.It willbefound instratified（分层的）layers inour trashdeposits（沉积层）.Thats accordingtoJohn Marston,an archaeologist.The widevariety ofsynthetic polymers（合成聚合物）would notexist ifit werentforhuman action.About sixbillion tons of plasticshave beenmade andspread aroundthe planet.They havebeen spreadfrom foreststo oceansever sincethefirstplastic polymerswereinvented.Plastics areone ofthemostsignificant changesthat humanshave madetotheEarthsmakeup.Most plasticsdon，t easilydegrade.This onlyadds tothe problem.Recycling isntan adequatesolution.Not alltypes of plastic areeasily recyclable.And thereare onlyafew recyclingplants thatcan processall varietiesofplastic.According toDebra Winter,writer forTheAtlantic,this meansthat manyofthematerialsthrown intorecycling binscan crossthe planetseveral timesbefore theyare processed.Theyare made into rugs,sweaters,or theyare usedto makeother bottles.Millions oftons ofplasticsare recycledevery year,but millionsmore endup inlandfills orthe ocean.The problemhasreached thepoint whereits possiblethat injust afew decadesthere mightbe moreplasticin theworld，s oceansthan fishes.“Plastics havea supposedlifespan ofover500years,so itssafe tosay thateveryplastic bottleyou haveused existssomewhere onthis planet,in someform oranother,“Winterwrites.The damagemay alreadybe done.It maybe toolate forhuman populationsworldwide tochangetheir plasticusing ways.So the Plastic Agemight soontake itsplace nexttotheBronzeAge andtheIronAge inthe historyof humancivilization.体裁争论文题材社会生活主题塑料时代【语篇解读】在我们所处的时代，塑料给我们的生活带来了很大便利，但是也给环境造成了巨大损害【熟词生义】process常用义〃过程；进程例句There wastotal agreementto startthe peaceprocess assoon aspossible.全体一样同意尽快起先和平进程本句义匕加工；处理例句The informationgathered by the telescopeswillbeprocessed bycomputers.通过望远镜获得的信息将由计算机进行处理【难句分析】Historians andarchaeologists havedefined periodsof humanhistory forcenturiesbythetechnologies ormaterials thatmade thegreatest impacton society.分析这是一个复合句句中“thatmadethegreatestimpactonsociety”是that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语，修饰先行词thetechnologiesormaterials译文几百年来，历史学家和考古学家已经运用对社会造成最大影响的技术或材料来明确人类的历史时期

9.Why dopeople callour agethe Plastic AgeA.Because plasticsare notnaturally made.B.Because humanscreate plastics.C.Because plasticsinfluence theworld greatly.D.Because historiansandarchaeologiststhink so.答案与解析C考查推理推断依据第一段第一句可知，历史学家和考古学家是运用对社会造成最大影响的技术或材料来界定人类历史时期的由此可推知，我们称现在这个时代为塑料时代的缘由是塑料极大地影响了世界，故C项正确

10.According tothe passage,how aremost plasticsdealt withcurrentlyA.They arerecycled.B.They aredegraded.C.They arethrown away.D.They aremadeintobottles.答案与解析C考查细微环节理解依据第五段中的“Millions oftonsofplastics arerecycledevery year,but millionsmore endup inlandfills orthe ocean”可知，可回收的塑料垃圾较少，更多的塑料垃圾最终被扔到垃圾场或海洋中了，故C项正确

11.What isthe author,s attitudetothePlasticAgeA.Negative.B.Ambiguous.C.Favorable.D.Unconcerned.答案与解析A考查观点看法依据全文内容可知，作者在文章中描述了塑料垃圾对社会的巨大的负面影响，尤其在最终一段中作者提到，塑料垃圾对社会可能已经造成了损害,人们变更运用塑料的方式可能太晚了由此可推知，作者对塑料时代持消极看法故A项正确

12.What isthe mainidea ofthis passageA.Plastics haveruined ourenvironment.B.We muststop usingplastics altogether.C.Human beingsare inthePlasticAge.D.Plastics aresignificant tohuman development.答案与解析c考查主旨大意通读全文可知，本文主要讲解并描述的是我们人类现在处于塑料时代并说明了被称为塑料时代的缘由，由此可推知，C项最符合文意。