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(十六)完形填空Test1[2024•长沙四校一模]Love iscaring,Grandma toldme asI satat herbedside.Shewas inbed andreceiving hospice care(临终关怀护理).As immigrants,Grandma,s familieswere j.First,they starteda sausage-making business.Then,they rana grocerystore.As theDepression(经济大萧条)raised its2head in1929,many familiescouldn,t3groceries.Her fatherinsisted onhelping byextending creditto them.But,his selflesshelp ledto financialdisaster_4—large numbersof thecredit extensionswent5—.Disaster didntstop there.After herparents*deaths two years later,Grandma6thedebts,lost thebusiness and7her brothers,looking afterand protectingthem.She fellsickfrom sadness,feeling hopelessand helpless.8,she finallypulled herselftogether.She9creditors togive hertime to repay them.She founda jobin acandy shop.J0_,all ofherfamily,s debtswere repaid.Her_]]kept thefamily frombankruptcy(破产).Through hermany12,Grandma,found thestrength togive andbe_此_for thesmallestthings.She nevermade complaintsabout thefamilies that14torepayher evenafter theirhardshipsended.I rememberedthe shehad toldus manytimes.Her sisterOlivia was16hard times.Sheonly hadtwo dollarsin cashto getherself throughthe weekthen.But afterstruggling,she17slipped hervery lasttwo dollarsinto anenvelope18—to Olivia.“Be appreciativeof everything,Lauren.And loveothers.Love iscaring,“Grandma
19.Looking atthe courageof awoman facing20made merealize Ihad somuch to learn.体裁记叙文题材人生经验主题爱就是关怀【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文文章讲解并描述了作者在祖母临终前探视她时,对她坚毅、富有爱心的一生作了追忆,并告知我们“爱就是关怀”这一人生真理【高频词回顾】adventurous a方.有冒险精神的,大胆开拓的in time经过一段时间之后;迟早;最终,最终
1.A.united B.adventurous
7.A.often B.soonC.regularly D.rarely答案与解析B依据语境可推知,很快,对方就以70领先;B项意为“很快”,故B项正确
8.A.saw B.lostC.expected D.wasted答案与解析A依据后一句In thesecond half,they usedJosh more often可知,在下半场(竞赛),他们更多地让Josh上场;据此可推知,在上半场Josh的竞赛时间很少see“经验”符合语境
9.A.break B.searchC.charge D.debate答案与解析:C依据下文中的“Their quarterbackthrew theball...the goalv可知,他们起先投球,接球者拿到了球并朝球门进球;据此可知,对方球队再一次起先了冲锋;charge意为“冲锋”,故C项正确
10.A.let inB.fought forC.went inD.headed for答案与解析D参见上题解析head for意为“朝……进发”,故D项正确
11.A.way B.positionC.sight D.mind答案与解析A依据语境可知,只有一个人拦住了他的路一一Josho insb/s way为固定搭配,意为“阻碍,挡……的路”,故A项正确
12.A.made roomfor B.looked upatC.took holdof D.kept awayfrom答案与解析C依据该句“Josh doveand12that boyslegs withall hisstrength”可知,Josh扑过去,用完全身力气抓住那个男孩的腿take holdof意为“抓住”,故C项正确
13.A.accidentally B.finallyC.deliberately D.gradually答案与解析B依据该句The receiverdragged Josha coupleof yardsand^3―fell down可知,接球者拖着Josh走了几码,最终摔倒了B项意为“最终”,故B项正确;A项意为“意外地”;C项意为“有意”;D项意为“渐渐地”
14.A.saved B.gainedC.tried D.kicked答案与解析A依据语境可知,Josh撞倒了他,又一次救了球;A项意为“挽救”,故A项正确
15.A.turn B.honorC.fault D.option答案与解析:C依据上文可知,Josh挽救了几个球;结合该句They scoredon thelast play,but it wasn,t Joshs15”可知,虽然对方得了分,但不是Josh的过错,故C项正确
16.A.trick B.scoldC.praise D.comfort答案与解析D依据语境可知,Josh所在的球队失败了;由此可推知,在回家的路上,“我”想要劝慰他;D项意为“劝慰”,故D项正确
17.A.sad B.wideC.bitter D.polite答案与解析B依据下文中的“I know,but I did good可知,尽管最终失败了,但Josh认为自己在球场上做得很好;结合该句中的“smile”可知,他朝“我”咧嘴一笑,故B项符合语境
18.A.great B.closeC.silly D.vital答案与解析A依据语境并结合上题解析可推知,Josh告知“我”,那场竞赛很棒,故A项正确
19.A.team B.playC.game D.field答案与解析C依据上文中的“game”,并结合Josh对这场球赛的评价可知,他对这场球赛的理解比“我”好;C项意为“竞赛”,故C项正确
20.A.seriously B.fortunatelyC.specifically D.importantly答案与解析D依据语境可知,此处表示“更重要的是,他为自己而骄傲”;D项意为“重要的是”,故D项正确C.reliable D.cautious答案与解析B依据下文中的“First,they starteda sausage-making business.Then,theyran grocerystorev可知,作者的祖母一家作为移民,他们先后开办了香肠制作店和食品杂货店,这说明他们很有冒险精神作venturous“有冒险精神的“,符合语境united“团结的;reliable“牢靠的;cautious当心的,谨慎的”
2.A.rigid B.bigC.ugly D.heavy答案与解析C依据上文中的“As theDepression(经济大萧条)...groceries”可知,此处应用“ugly”来形容经济大萧条,暗含了人们对经济大萧条的痛恨之情ugly丑陋的,险恶的,令人不快的”,符合语境rigid“僵硬的”;big“大的;heavy“沉重的”名师点津此空颇具感情色调经济大萧条给人们的生活带来了巨大的负面影响,人们对其应是痛恨的,故ugly“丑陋的”最能体现人们对经济大萧条的憎恶之情
3.A.manage B.demandC.afford D.supply答案与解析C由于经济大萧条,人们买不起食品杂货afford“支付得起”,符合语境manage“经营”;demand须要,要求;supply“供应”
4.A.although B.unlessC.before D.when答案与解析:D依据上文中的uHer fatherinsisted onhelping byextending creditto them”“his selflesshelp ledto financialdisaster可知,在经济大萧条的形势下,作者祖母的父亲坚持为人们供应信贷服务但是当人们不能偿还信贷时,他无私的关爱给他的家庭带来经济灾难when当……的时候,符合语境
5.A.unpaid B.unconfirmedC.unknown D.unnoticed答案与解析A参见上题解析下文中的repay them亦是提示unpaid“未偿还的”,符合语境unconfirmed”未经证明的“;unknown“未知的;unnoticed“被忽视的”
6.A.took overB.turned overC.picked upD.made up答案与解析A依据上文中的“After herparents deathstwoyearslater”和下文中的“She founda job...repaid可知,祖母的父母去世后,她担当了那些债务take over“接管,接手”,符合语境turn over“使翻转”;pick up“捡起”;make up构成,组成”
7.A.bothered B.motheredC.comforted D.instructed答案与解析B父母都去世了,她担当起照看弟弟们的重任mother”给以母亲的关爱,像母亲般地照看”,符合语境下文中的“looking afterand protectingthem”是提示bother“使苦恼;comfort“劝慰;instruct“指导”
8.A.Therefore B.MeanwhileC.Otherwise D.However答案与解析D依据上文中的“She fellsick...helpless和下文中的“She finallypulledherself together^可知,但是,她最终振作起来了前后句之间存在语义上的转折关系,故however但是”符合语境therefore“因此”;meanwhile与此同时”;otherwise否则,要不然”
9.A mandedB.remindedC.persuaded D.expected答案与解析C她劝服了债主们延长还债期限persuade“劝服”,符合语境command“吩咐”;remind“提示”;expect“期盼”
10.A.In turnB.In timeC.In secretD.In surprise答案与解析B过了一段时间之后,她家的债务最终还清了in time”经过一段时间之后,最终”,符合语境in turn轮番,转而;in secret隐私地;in surprise惊异地”
11.A.intelligence B.fortuneC.confidence D.determination答案与解析D依据上文她劝服债主延长还债期限,找到工作并还清债务的内容可知,祖母有很大的决心和毅力determination决心,毅力”,符合语境intelligence“才智”;fortune“运气”;confidence“信念”
12.A.losses B.rolesC.attempts D.errors答案与解析A经验了很多的挫折,祖母发觉了赐予的力气loss”损失,失利”,此处可理解为“挫折,逆境”,符合语境role“角色”;attempt“尝试”;error“错误”
13.A.ready B.thankfulC.respectful D.responsible答案与解析;B祖母经验了很多挫折,却没有对生活心生怨恨,反而感谢生活赐予的一切下文中的“Be appreciativeof everything”亦是提示thankful感谢的,符合语境ready“准备好的;respectful“敬重的;responsible“负有责任的”
14.A.refused B.promisedC.pretended D.intended答案与解析A即使是对那些已度过困难时期却拒绝偿还信贷的家庭,作者的祖母亦不曾有过埋怨refuse“拒绝”,符合语境promise“承诺”;pretend“假装”;intend”准
15.A.business B.challengeC.activity D.story答案与解析D依据语境可知,此处指祖母多次讲解并描述的一件往事(story)business商务,公事”;challenge“挑战”;activity”活动”
16.A.going aroundB.going withC.going throughD.going over答案与解析:C祖母的妹妹正经验困难时期gothrough”经验,经受(逆境、苦痛等)”,符合语境go around“传播,流行;go with“附属于;go over“细致考虑,细致检查”
17.A.calmly B.hesitantlyC.thoughtfully D.gently答案与解析A依据下文中的“into anenvelope j8to Olivia”可知,尽管祖母只剩下两美元来度过那一周,但经过一番挣扎之后,她还是把这仅有的两美元装到信封里寄给了妹妹此处用calmly表明祖母内心的安静,更能说明她的爱心之宏大hesitantly“不情愿地,迟疑地”;thoughtfully“爱护地”;gently“温顺地”
18.A.presented B.conveyedC.written D.addressed答案与解析D参见上题解析address“写(收信人)姓名地址”,符合语境
19.A.continued B.repeatedC.responded D.explained答案与解析B作者的祖母重复道Lauren,要对一切事物心存感谢要关爱他人爱就是关怀repeat重复,重说”,符合语境continue“接着说;respond“答复”;explain“说明”
20.A.unfairness B.uncertaintyC.death D.danger答案与解析C祖母一生经验了那么多艰难困苦,却都一一克服,所以看到她面对死亡的志气让作者意识到自己还有很多要学习的地方此处用“death”呼应文章开头的“hospicecare(临终关怀护理)unfairness不公允;uncertainty“迟疑”;danger危急”Test2[2024•郑州质量预料]My fatherwas bornin asmall townin the US.He wasn,t surewhathe wantedfrom_1_,but somethingtold himto_2_and begin a new adventure.He beganthat adventuretraveling tocities in theUSbefore goingon toAustralia,NewZealand andthe Philippines.He tookmy motherand usthree daughterswith himand wentwhereverthe road3him.Its easyto feelq whenyou,re on the road.We madelots ofnew friendson ourtrip一most of them aremechanics,since weoften$hours inrepair shops.But that was away much_6than sittingby theroadside whilewaiting forthe engineto7when it was40℃outside.Getting alongwell sometimesseemed8—.There werealways a lot of_9_,especiallyamong usback seatpassengers aboutwho hadto in the middle.Buteven ifitwashard,we learnedalotabout.When wewere traveling inthePhilippines,wedrove toQuezon Cityone day.It shouldhave beenan hoursdrive butwas nearlythree thankstobad roadsand12―traffic.“Did youput oursuitcases inthe car”my fatherasked mymotheras wearrived there.From theback seat,we sawher13turn towardmy father.No,she said.I thoughtyou did.”That washow aseven-hour cartrip turnedinto a16-hour one,which wasmostly spentin J
4.On occasionslike that,we hadtolearnto let go of our angerbecause wewere15—ina rollingbox withthe samepeople forthe restofthe16—.Even ifI sometimesfelt likeopeningthe cardoor and17one ofmy sistersout,I keptmy feelingsto myself.This iswhy road trips werelike18universities tous.We19our PhDs(博士学位)in howto get along withother peoplejust bytravelinginour oldcar.If wewere20given asecond chanceat life,we woulddo itall overagain.Only thistimewould Iput thesuitcases inthe carmyself.体裁夹叙夹议文题材.个人经验主题马路旅行的感悟【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文小时候“我”随父亲和母亲以及我的姐妹开车旅行,在此过程中,我们学会了忍让以及和别人相处这个颠簸的旅程是一所移动的高校,让“我”受益匪浅【高频词回顾】adventure n.冒险,冒险经验getalongwell相处融洽occasion n.时刻,时候;场合
1.A.move B.lifeC.experience D.belief答案与解析B依据上文可知,“我”的父亲诞生在美国的一个小镇上;结合该句中的“liewasn,t surewhat hewantedn以及下文叙述的他带着全家开车旅行可推知,那时他不确定想从生活中要些什么,故B项正确
2.A.live upB.struggle onC.get outD.walk around答案与解析C依据该句中的“beginanewadventure”可推知,他得到启示,要他走出去,去开启新的冒险经验C项意为“离开,从……出来”,故C项正确;A项意为“欢乐地过日子”;B项意为“勉力维持”;D项意为“四处走动”
3.A.took B.droveC.served D.controlled答案与解析A依据该句中的“wherever theroadv并结合语境可知,他带着妈妈和我们这三个女儿,沿路旅行A项表示“带去,引领”,符合语境,故A项正确
4.A.anxious B.upsetC.helpless D.lonely答案与解析D依据该句中的“when youreon theroad”和下文介绍的沿路交挚友可推知,当在路上时,很简单感到孤独lonely
5.A.wasted B.workedC.spent D.chatted答案与解析C依据语境可知,由于我们常常花费几个小时在修理店,所以我们交的挚友大部分是修理工
6.A.better B.easierC.safer D.cleverer答案与解析A由于外面的温度达到40摄氏度,所以去修理店要比坐在马路边等候好得多
7.A.break downB.cool offC.clear upD.turn over答案与解析B依据该句中的“when itwas40℃outside”可知,外面气温,高达40摄氏度;据此可推知,该处指等待发动机冷却下来;B项意为“使冷却下来”,故B项正确A项意为“出故障”,C项意为“清理”,D项意为“翻转”,都与语境不符
8.A.available B.alternativeC.necessary D.impossible答案与解析D依据下文中的“itwashard”并结合语境可知,友好相处有时好像是不行能的impossibleo
9.A.arguments B.fightsC.embarrassments D.amusements答案与解析A依据空后的especially amongus...inthemiddle”可知,我们之间总是有很多争吵,尤其是关于后座的我们谁坐sit在中间时
10.A.settle B.restC.sit D.watch答案与解析C参见上题解析
11.A.sharing B.respectC.communication D.tolerance答案与解析D依据该句中的“But”表达的语境可知,尽管这很难解决,但是我们学会了忍耐toleranceo
12.A.light B.heavyC.local D.fast答案与解析B依据该句中的It shouldhave beenan hoursdrive butwas nearlythree可知,本可以在一小时就完成的路程,我们却花了三个小时;据此可推知,这里路况较差,交通拥堵,故B项正确
13.A.suddenly B.sensitivelyC.calmly D.slowly答案与解析D依据语境可知,我们在后座看到母亲渐渐地转过头对父亲说“没有,我还以为你把行李箱放在车上了”
14.A.silence B.vainC.panic D.disappointment答案与解析A依据上文可知,母亲遗忘将手提箱放进车里;结合该句和下文中的“we hadtolearn toletgoofouranger”可知,我们学会了限制自己的怒气,这个七小时的行程最终变成了十六小时的行程,我们大部分的时间都在缄默
15.A.buried B.crazyC.stuck D.impatient答案与解析C依据语境可知,在像上文提到的状况下,我们必需限制自己的怒气,因为我们和相同的人在接下来的旅程journey里一起被困在车里be stuckin为固定搭配,意为“被困在……”,故C项正确
16.A.holiday B.journeyC.exploration D.march答案与解析B参见上题解析C.helping D.sending
17.A.dragging B.pushing答案与解析B依据该句中的“I keptmy feelingsto myself”可知,“我”限制住了自己的心情;据此可推知,此处表示有时“我”想要打开车门将“我”的一个姐妹推出车外B项意为“推”,故B项正确
18.A.unusual B.commonC.free D.mobile答案与解析D依据该句中的roadtrips”以及下文中的“We19our PhDs博士学位”可知,对于我们来说,马路旅行就像可移动的mobile高校
19.A.earned B.expectedC.missed D.valued答案与解析A依据语境可知,就在这辆旧汽车里,我们获得了如何和他人相处的博士学位;A项意为“博得,赢得”,故A项正确
20.A.somewhere B.anytimeC.somehow D.anyway答案与解析C依据语境可知,假如我们能以某种方式在人生中获得其次次机会的话,我们还是会去旅行C项意为“以某种方式”,故C项正确Test3[2024•石家庄市质量检测]On abeautiful Septemberevening,my11-year-old grandson,Josh,and histeam werewarming upfor theirfirst footballgame ofthe season.At six,the1—called thecaptains forward,said somethingand2his whistle.The twoteams3—separately.I was
4.The otherteam were,—5,ten inchestaller thanour players.It didn,t take long for their6—advantage toshow.They tooka7—0lead very7,At thehalf,the scorestood at34to
6.Josh8minimal playtime.In thesecond half,they usedJoshmoreoften.The scoreclimbed to40to
6.Once again,the otherteam begantheir9down thefield.Their quarterbackthrew theball.The receivercaught itand j0the goal.There wasonly oneman inhis—豆一Josh.Joshdove and12that boyslegs withall hisstrength.The receiverdragged Josha coupleof yardsand13—fell down.On thenext play,their quarterbackshot anopening andrushed tothe goal,but therewasJosh again.Josh knockedhim offhis feetand14—another goal.They scoredonthelastplay,but itwasn,t Josh,s_1_5_.The gameended witha scoreof48to
6.On theway home,I wantedto16Josh,but heturned tome witha11smile.“Grandpa,thatwasa J8game.”“But youlost,48to6!“I know,but Idid good.”The boyunderstood the19better thanIdid.They didntwin,but hedid hisbest.Iwas proud of him.More20,he wasproudofhimself.体裁记叙文题材生活经验主题虽败犹荣【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文“我”十一岁的孙子Josh参与了赛季的第一次足球赛,对手平均比他们高出10英寸在赛场上,Josh拼尽全力挽救了几个球;虽然最终竞赛输了,但是他认为自己做得很好,并为自己感到骄傲,“我”也为他感到骄傲【高频词回顾】warm up做准备活动whistle n.哨子separately adr.分别地on average平均advantage n.优势,有利条件minimal女力极少的
1.A.player B.refereeC.coach D.receiver答案与解析B依据上文可知,“我”的十一岁的孙子和他的球队正在为他们这个赛季的第一场足球竞赛做准备活动;结合该句中的“At six,the1—called thecaptains forward”和常识可知,在六点,裁判员把队长们叫上前,故B项正确
2.A.waved B.raisedC.threw D.blew答案与解析D依据语境可知,裁判员吹响了哨子,故D项正确
3.A.gathered B.practicedC.celebrated D.wandered答案与解析A依据语境可知,两支球队分别集合;A项意为“集合”,故A项正确;B项意为“练习”;C项意为“庆祝,庆贺”;D项意为“徘徊”
4.A.inspired B.embarrassedC.shocked D.delighted答案与解析C依据后一句中的“ten inchestaller thanour players”可知,对方球队的成员平均on average比“我”孙子所在的球队的成员高出10英寸;由此可知,“我”感到很震惊;C项意为“震惊”,故C项正确
5.A.in totalB.on averageC.at lengthD.for example答案与解析B参见上题解析
6.A.speed B.strengthC.age D.size答案与解析D依据上文可知,对方球队队员的身高远高于“我”孙子所在的球队队员的身高;结合该句“It didnttakelongfortheir6—advantage toshow可知,没过多久,他们的身高尺寸优势就显现出来了D项意为“尺寸”,故D项正确。
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