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阅读理解（篇）十七选五十语法填空
16.2I.阅读理解A（2024•湖北武汉4月调研）话题手机应用词数294难度★Whilesmartphonesstandaccusedofavarietyofcrimes,thesepocketcomputerscancertainlybeaforceforgood.Yourphoneisalwayswithyou,makingittheperfectdevicetopushyouintoamorebeneficialwayofliving.Ilerearesomeofthebestappsthatcanhelp.Habitica Habiticaturnsthegoalofforminggoodhabitsintoagame,withitsowncharactersandscoring.It salotoffun,andtheappalsoletsyoubuildhabitswithfriendsandfamily.Inadditiontoregularrepeating habits,youcanaddamoregeneralto-dolist,andtherewardsyougetcanbecustomizedtoo一youcouldtreatyourselftoamealoutoranextrah ourofgames.SmokeFree Ifyouvegotaspecifichabitinmind,thenyou,llusuallyfindspecificappstohelp,likeSmokeFree.Ifyou redeterminedtogiveupsmoking,thenthisisoneofthemostcomprehensiveappsforgivingyouthatextrapushyouneedtomakeapermanentchange.Theappoffersahostofusefulfeaturesforpeoplewantingtogosmoke-freeTheabilitytoseeyourprogressovertime,chartsshowinghowyourhealthisimproving,day-by-dayencouragement,andsomeadviceontechniquesforgivingupsmoking.MyFitnessPalYoucanfindatonofhealthandfitnessappsforyourphone,butMyFitnessPalstandsoutnotjustbecauseitiseasytouse,butbecauseitmakespracticalsuggestionsforyou.Itcantakeinahostofdata,fromthecalories（卡路里）you retakingintothenumberofswimsyou,redoingperweek,andofferreportsoncalorieconsumptionandmacronutrient（大量养分素）breakdown.语篇解读这是一篇应用文文中介绍了三款手机应用Habitica可以帮助你养成好的习惯；Smoke Free可以帮助你戒烟；MyFitnessPal可以为你供应健康和健身的建议
1.WhatcanHabiticahelpyoutodoA.Winatoughgame.B.Startaiastingfriendship.C.Findafancyrestaurant.D.Developapleasanthabit.答案D解析细微环节理解题依据Habitica部分中的^Habiticaturnsthegoalofforminggoodhabitsintoagame,withitsowncharactersandscoring.可知，Habitica能够帮助你养成好的习惯故选D
2.WhichofthefollowingcanSmokeFreeprovideA.Thefreedomtosmoke.B.Theabi1itytomakeprogress.C.Adviceonhowtoquitsmoking.D.Chartsaboutyourexce11enthealth.答案C解析细微环节理解题依据SmokeFree部分中的“andsomeadviceontechniquesforgivingupsmoking”可知，SmokeFree可以为你供应戒烟的建议故选C
3.WhatcanwelearnaboutthethreeappsmentionedinthetextA.They recheap.B.They repractical.C.They refree.D.They reinteresting.答案B解析推理推断题文中提到的三款应用Habitica可以帮助你养成好的习惯；SmokeFree可以帮助你戒烟；MyFitnessPal可以为你供应健康和健身的建议由此可知，这三款应用都很好用故选BB（2024•山西二模）话题词典编纂词数338难度★★★Duringtheperiodfroml660throughl800,GrcatBritainbccamcthcworld,slcadcr.Languageitsolfbccamcsubmittcdtorulcsduringth isperiod.ThisneedtofixtheEnglishlanguageisbestillustrated（描述）inthemakingofTheDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagdoySw^ie1Johnson.GuidestotheEnglishlanguagehadbeeninexistencebeforeJohnsonbeganhisprojectin
1746.These，however,wereoftenlittlemorethanlistsofhardwords.Whendefinitionsofcommonwordsweresuppliedtheywereoftenunhelpful.Forexample，，a“horse”wasdefinedinanearlydictionaryas abeastwel1knownv.Johnsonchangedallthat,butthetaskwasnotaneasyone.Rent ingahouseat17GoughSquare,Johnsonbeganworkingintheworstconditions.Supportedonlybyhispublisher,JohnsonworkedontheDictionarywithfiveassistants.ComparedtotheFrenchAcademy sdictionary,whichtookfortyworkersfifty-fiveyearstocomplete1639—1694,Johnson sdictionarywascompletedbyveryfewpeopleveryquickly.Balancedonachairwithonlythreelegs,Johnsonsatagainstawal1inaroomf i1ledwithbooks.Johnsonwouldreadwidelyfromthesebook s,markpassagesillustratingtheuseofaparticularword,andgivethebookstohisassistantssothattheycouldcopythepassagesonslipsofpaper.TheseslipswerethenstucktoeightylargenotebooksunderthekeywordsthatJohnsonhadselected.Fixingthewordbythismethod,Johnsoncouldrecordaword,itsusageanditsdefinition.IlowmanypassageswereusedAccordingtoJohnson,smodernbiographerWalterJacksonBate,theoriginaltotalnumbercouldhavebeenover240,
000.Howmanywordsweredefinedbythelexicographer0ver40,OOOwordsappearedintwolargebooksinAprilof
1755.DidjohnsonfullyunderstandthehugetaskhewasundertakingwhenhebeganAshetoldhiscontemporarybiographerJamesBoswell,Iknewverywellwhatlwasundertakingandverywellhowtodoit一andhavedoneitverywell.”语篇解读文章主要讲了塞缪尔•约翰逊编纂词典的故事
4.WhatistheproblemofearlyEnglishdictionariesA.Theyonlyoffersimplepictures.B.Theylistjustafewforeignwords.C.Theysimplygivesometranslations.D.Theyaddnomorethansomebigwords.答案D解析细微环节理解题依据文章第一段中的These,however,wereoftenlittlemorethanlistsofhardwords.可知，早期英语词典的问题是只是添加一1些大而空洞的词故选D
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lexicographer”inParagraph4refertoA.Apublisher.B.Abiographer.C.Amakerofdictionaries.D.Anassistant.答案c解析词义揣测题依据画线词所在句中的关键词defined（定义）及联系前后句，可以揣测出这里lexicographer指的是词典编纂者故选Co
6.WhatcanweinferaboutSamuelJohnsonfromthetextA.HestandardizedEnglish.B.Hecaredaboutauthorityalot.C.Hegainedmuchfinancialsupport.D.Hecomplainedofworkingconditions.答案A解析推理推断题依据文章第一段中的uThisneedtofixtheEnglishlanguageisbestillustrated（描述）inthemakingofTheDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagebySamue1Johnson.”及最终一段塞缪尔•约翰逊为词典编纂所作的努力可以推断出，塞缪尔•约翰逊使得英语标准化故选A
7.WhatisthepurposeofthispassageA.Todiscusstheproblemsofdictionaries.B.Toencouragepeopletoworkonaproject.C.Topersuadepeopletobuythenewdictionary.D.Tointroducehowjohnsoncompletehisdictionary.答案D解析写作意图题阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了塞缪尔•约翰逊在恶劣的条件下编纂词典的故事故选DII.七选五（2024•北京丰台一模）话题同理心词数346难度★★★Empathyistheabilitytoimaginewhatitmustbelikeinsomeoneelse,ssituation.Itisanessentialpartofwhatitmeanstobehuman,totheextentthatwearesuspiciousofanyonewhodoesnotshowempathyintheirbehavior.8Wereadnovels,watchtelevisionandgotothetheatre,andpartofourcnjoymcntconicsfromundcrstandingthcdilcnimafaccdbythccharactcrsbccauscweknowhowwewouldfeelifwewereinthesamesituation.90nestudyhasshownthatanimalsdisplayenipathytowardsotheranimalsandtowardshunia ns.Creaturesfromacrosstheanimalkingdomsuchasbeesandwhales,aswellasdomestiepets,displaybehaviorthatsuggeststheycooperatewithandprotecteachother.InanotherstudypsychiatristJulesMassermanandhisteamconductedanexperimentwithmonkeysinwhichthemonkeyspulledoneoftwochainsthatreleasedfood.Onechainsimplyreleasedthefood,whileanothergaveanelectricshocktoasecondmonkey.Thefirstmonkeystoppedpullingthechainthatdeliveredtheshock.WThisempatheticbehaviorwasobservedinanumberofmonkeys.Theoriginofempathyisprobablytheneedfortheyoungofallanimalspeciestobecaredfo r.Theycommunicatethisrequirementbycryingforattentionandtoshowpain.Bothhumanandnon-humanyoungweremorelikelytosurviveiftheirparentsreactedpositivelytotheirneeds.Peopleandanimalsalikearesocialbeingsandaremorelikelytoworktogether.lllfwehelpothe rs,wearealsohelpingourselvesandsoempathyissensibleandrealistic.Wedon,talwaysdisplayempathy,however.Justasanimalsreactaggressivelytounknowncreaturesfromtheirownorothersped es,humanstendtorega.rdpeopletheydon,tknowwithsuspicion.120urunwi11ingnesstotrustanyoneunfamiliarisasnaturaltousasourempathytowardsthoseweknowandlove.A.Tofeelempathyisnotrestrictedtoreallife.B.Youcanempathizewithsomeonewithoutfeelingsympathyforthem.C.Thisfearofstrangerswill,webelieve,protectusfrompersonaldanger.D.Itseemedtobewillingtogohungryratherthanseeafellowanimalsuffer.E.However,itseemsthatinfactempathymaynotbeaqualityuniquetohumans.F・Empathyplaysaroleinthatasitailowsustounderstandourfellowhumansbetter.G.Itscertainlydifficulttounderstandananimal sintentionbehindanemphaticresponse.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了同理心是一种能够设身处地地理解别人所处的境况的实力然而不只人类具有这种同理心，动物也有
8.答案A解析依据后文“我们读小说、看电视、看戏，我们的一部分乐趣来自理解角色所面临的逆境，因为我们知道假如我们处在相同的状况下会有什么样的感受”可知，A项（感同身受并不局限于现实生活）符合语境故选A
9.答案E解析依据后一句可知，一项探讨显示动物对其他动物和人类表现出同理心E项（然而，事实上，同理心可能不是人类独有的品质）符合语境故选E
10.答案D解析依据前文内容“在试验中，猴子拉动释放食物的两条链条中的一条，其中一条链条干脆释放了食物，而另一条链条则对另一只猴子进行了电击，第一只猴子停止拉动传递电击的链条”可知，D项（它好像宁愿挨饿，也不愿看到一个动物同胞受苦）符合语境故选D
11.答案F解析依据后文“假如我们帮助他人，我们也在帮助自己，因此同理心是明智和现实的”可知，F项（同理心在其中起着作用，因为它让我们更好地了解我们的同胞）符合语境故选F
12.答案C解析依据后文“我们不情愿信任任何不熟识的人，这对我们来说就像我们对我们所相识和所爱的人的同理心一样自然”可知，C项（我们信任，对生疏人的恐惊会爱护我们免受人身危急）符合语境故选C
111.语法填空（2024•重庆4月调研）话题译文小说词数239难度★TranslatedfictionsalesintheUnitedKingdoml
3.rise
5.5percentlastyear,withgrowingdemandforChinesetitles,saidNielsenBookonWcdnesday.Britishnewspaper TT/eGuard/azyfeaturedLiuCixin sTheThree-BodyProb1em0ndon gs/IZfercj9rz7initsreportonthistrend,
14.say thatboth“soldstrongly”in
2024.Theresearch,bytheManBookerlnternationalPrize,showsmorethan
2.6millionl
5.copy oftranslatedtitlesl
6.sell in2024,atanestimatedvalueof£
20.7million$27million,thehighesteversinceNielsenstartedthestudyin
2001.FiammettaRocco,fromManBookerInternalionalPrize,said,uReadingfictionisoneofthebestwayswehaveofputtingl
7.we inotherpeoplesshoes.Theriseinsalesoftranslatedfictionshows
18.hungrysomanyBritishreadersareforterrificwritingfromothercountries.”ToAnnalloImwood
19.newsisasignalthat uanewerahasarrivedv.Holmwood,who tran slateAAIIeroBorn,told ChinaDaily,“It sabigmoment
20.Chinesefictionabroad.”Holmwoodhasworkcdasalitcraryagcntand
21.translate fornincycars，andhasseenfirsthandhowChinesetitlescontinuetogainagreateraudienceworldwide,
22.p articularintheEnglish-speakingworld.语篇解读这是一篇说明文翻译小说在英国的销售去年增长了
5.5%,其中对中国小说的需求在不断增长译文小说销量的增长表明，如此多的英国读者渴望其他国家的优秀作品
13.答案rose解析考查动词的时态依据表示过去的时间状语lastyear可知，应用一般过去时，故填rose
14.答案saying解析考查非谓语动词本句已经存在谓语feature且句中没有连词，故say只能是非谓语,与其逻辑主语〃是主动关系，所以用现在分词填saying
15.答案copies解析考查名词的数copy为可数名词，由前面的
2.6niinion修饰，故用复数形式copies
16.答案weresold解析考查时态和语态sell在句中作谓语，与主语copiesof translatedt itles构成被动关系，且依据时间状语in2024可知，用一般过去时的被动语态故填weresold
17.答案ourselves解析考查反身代词从句的主语是we,故应用反身代词ourselves
18.答案how解析考查连接词show后跟宾语从句，修饰形容词hungry用how故填how
19.答案the解析考查冠词这里指上文中提到的这条消息、，所以是特指的故用定冠词the
20.答案for解析考查介词表示“对于……来说”用介词for故填for
21.答案translator解析考查名词主语是人，所以应当是作为一个“译者”故填名词translator
22.答案particularly解析考查副词修饰介词短语，应用副词，故填particularly。
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