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选择性必修第一册Unit4Body Language.阅读理解IA•湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三模拟][2021Laughter ispart of the universalhuman vocabulary.Allmembers of the humanspecies understandit.Unlike Englishor Frenchor Swahili,we donthave tolearnto speakit.Were bornwith thecapacity tolaugh.（机制）Very littleis knownabout thespecific brainmechanisms responsiblefor laughter.Contraryto folkwisdom,most laughteris notabout humor;it isabout relationships.To findout whenand whypeople laugh,I wentwith severalassistants tolocal mallsand recordedwhat happenedjust beforepeoplelaughed.Over a10-year period,we studiedover2,000cases ofnaturally occumnglaughter.We foundthat most laughter doesnot necessarilyfollow jokes.People maylaugh aftera varietyofstatements,such as,“Here comesMary,““How didyou doon thetestor Doyou havea rubberband”These certainlyarent jokes.（喘气的）We believelaughter evolvedfrom thepanting behaviorof ourancient ancestors.Today,（使发痒）if wetickle chimps,they don*tlaugh.But,instead,they producea pantingsound.Thafs thesoundof apelaughter,and itsthe rootof human laughter.Apes laughin thekinds ofsituations thatlead tohumanlaughter,like gamesthat involvechasing.Other animalsproduce sounds during play,but theyare sodifferent fromlaughter.Rats,for example,produce high soundsduringplay andwhen tickled,but theseare verydifferent insound fromhumanlaughter.Laughter isoften positive,but itcan benegative too.Theres adifference betweenu laughingwith”and ulaughingat”.People wholaugh atothers may be tryingto drivethem outof thegroup.No onehas actuallycounted howmuch peopleof differentages laugh,but youngchildren probablylaughthe most.At ages5and6we probablylaugh morethan atany othertimes.Adults laughless thanchildren,probably becausethey playless.Work nowunderway willtell usmore about the brainmechanisms behindlaughter,how ithasevolved,and whywere sosusceptible totickling.
1.What wasthe purposeof thedecades researchA.To provethat peoplelaugh becauseof humour.B・To findoutthereal reasonfor peopleslaughter.C.To researchpeoples differentreaction onjokes.D.To recordconversations amongshoppers inmalls.
2.What canwe learnfrom the textA.People whoplay moretend tolaugh more.B・Apes producehighsoundswhen tickled.C.Scientists knowthe brainmechanisms responsiblefor laughterwell.D.The situationsin whichapes laughare verydifferent fromthose inwhich humanslaugh.
3.What doesthe underlinedword“susceptiblev in the lastParagraph probablymeanA.Sensitive.B.Flexible.C.Addictive.D.Reliable.
4.Which ofthe followingmight bethe besttitle forthe textA・The Impactof LaughterB.The Meaningof LaughterC.A BigMystery:Why DoWe LaughD.Laughter:The MostBeautiful WordsB•安徽师范大学附属中学高三模拟]（潦草的）[2021What dothe random,scribbled drawingscrowdingthe margins（页边空白处）of mosthigh schoolstudents1papers meanWhen astudent is（舌画）caught doodlingL inclass,he willprobably becriticized fordaydreaming.But doodlingwhilelistening can help with remembering details,rather thanimplying that the mind is wandering,accordingto a study published in the scientific journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.In anexperiment conductedby theMedical ResearchCouncifs Cognition and BrainSciences UnitinCambridge,40subjects were asked tolisten to a two-minute tapegiving severalnames ofpeople andplaces.Half ofthe participantswere asked to shadein shapes ona piece of paper atthe same time,without payingattention toneatness,while therest were given no such instructions.After the tape hadfinished,all participantsin thestudy wereasked torecall thenames ofpeople andplaces.The doodlersrecalledon average
7.5names ofpeople andplaces,compared toonly
5.8by thenon-doodlers.“If someoneis doinga boring task,like listeningto a dull telephoneconversation,they maystart todaydream.said studyresearcher,Professor Jackie Andrade,oftheSchool ofPsychology,University ofPlymouth.Daydreaming distractsthem fromthe task,resulting inpoorer performance.A simpletask,（足够的）like doodling,may besufficient tostop daydreamingwithout affectingperformance onthemain task.”“In psychology,tests ofmemory orattention willoften usea secondtask toselectively blockaparticular mentalprocess.If thatprocess isimportant forthe maintask,then performancewill beimpaired.But myresearch suggeststhat ineveryday lifedoodling maybe something we do because it（分心）helps to keep us on track with a boringtask,rather thanbeing anunnecessary distractionthat weshould try to resist doing.said Andrade.Dan Ware,a socialstudy teacher,used toconsider doodlinga distractionfrom learning,but afterteaching kids with all personality types he learned scribblingaway duringlectures helpscertain studentsremembermore information.In myfirst fewyears ofteaching,I thought,Well,this kidisnt payingattention.Hes daydreaming.But Ihad somereally powerfulexperiences withstudents andcame tounderstandin manycases thatwas theirway offocusing,and thosestudents wereprobably payingmoreattention thanother students.v Waresaid.
5.What dowe knowabout the participants involvedintheexperimentA.Some wereasked tonote downthe informationneatly.B・Some wereaskedtomemorize thenames theywould hear.C.Some wereinstructed tolisten tothetapewith fullattention.D.Some wereinstructed tomake randomdrawings onpaper.
6.What doesthe underlinedword uimpaired“in Paragraph4refer toA.Improved.B.Weakened.C.Stopped.D.Repaired.
7.Which ofthe followingwill bothJackie Andradeand Dan Ware agreewithA.Doodling helpssome peoplefocus.B・Doodling makesadulltask interesting.C・Students whodoodle performpoorly.D.Students whodoodle lackconcentration.
8..What isthe besttitle ofthetextA.Daydreaming CanSharpen StudySkillsB.Doodling CanHelp MemoryRecallC.A WanderingMind ImprovesProductivityD.Distractions HarmAcademic Performance完形填空II.•河北省唐山市高三模拟]（疫情）[2021The COVID-19pandemic hasleft manyworryings about（仪式）the future.However,Ive found]in mymothers onesimple self-care ritualand Ihave decidednotto keep2in a sort of uncertainty.I was3—by a single momwho hadtwo kids,two jobsand amile-long4of cleaning,cooking and，bill-paying,5she wasnever seenwithahair outof place.Every morning,she*d headtoa6lift her（下巴）chin upslightly,a gestureof confidence,and put（口红）on lipstickbefore deliveringa forcedyet toothysmile.I wastoo youngto7why.My motherB herred lipsuntil thevery end.In hospital,she askedme tohelp walkher tothe basintobrush herteeth.I staredat herfrom behindworried shemight fall.I wasdeep in sorrow anduncertainty,tears9down myface.Then suddenly,from behind,I sensedthat familiargesture.Chin up.Confidence.A secondlater Iheard theclick ofthe
10.We dont know whats going to happen next.Yet onething is11When theworld fallsapart,we*vestill gotunbelievable powerto choose.Fm notsuggesting we12whats around us but focus on what wecancontrol to13getting knockedaround byuncertainty.Get upand shutthe dooron anything
14.Just besure to keep puttingthat15on.
1.A.beauty B.knowledgeC.strength D.evidence
2.A.drowning B.dreamingC.praying D.working
3.A.praised B.abusedC.abandoned D.raised
4.A.roll B.pileC.list D.chain
5.A.Otherwise B.ThereforeC.Besides D.However
6.A.mirror B.tableC.comer D.wall
7.A.ask B.realizeC.doubt D.advise
8.A.wore B.bitC.read D.rounded
9.A.streaming B.gettingC.pulling D.pointing
10.A.camera B.doorC.lock D.cap
11.A.easy B.delicateC.sure D.necessary
12.A.ignore B.examineC.favor D.hate
13.A.practice B.acceptC.avoid D.finish
14.A.challenging B.discouragingC.amusing D.thrilling
15.A.power B.coatC.mask D.lipstick.语法填空in•河北省保定市高三模拟][2021Ahead ofthis yearsLondon BookFair inMarch,media reportedarise ininterest intranslated worksamong Britishreaders.For translatorAnna Holmwood,this signalsthe
1.arrive ofa newera.“This isa bigmoment forChinese fictionabroad,“says Holmwood,
2.has translatedChineseliterature foralmost adecade.Her translationwork,Legends ofthe CondorHeroes,a fantasynovel writtenby JinYong,and LiuCixinsscience-fiction book,The ThreeBody Problem,are shownin aNielsen report
3.examples oftwoof themost popularChinese fictionworks inBritain in
2018.Languages ingrowing demandinclude Chineseand Arabic.according tothe Nielsenreport.Itfound that,against thecommonly
4.see“not morethan3percent rule”of translatedliteraturespresence inthe English-language bookmarkets,the numberfor2018was
5.63percent inBritain
5.thetotal annualsales wasworth$
27.1million.Charlotte Collins,translator andco-chair ofthe BritishTranslators Association,says:As we can比率see,this proportion
6.double in recent years...This is
7.real excitingnews.”弓用The Guardianquotes IFiammetta Rocco,administrator ofthe ManBooker InternationalPrize,
8.read fictionis oneofthe
9.good waysof puttingourselves inother peoplesshoes.The riseinsales oftranslated fiction
10.show howhungry Britishreaders arefor terrificwriting fromothercountries.v选择性必修第一册Unit4Body Language.阅读理解IA【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文笑容是世上最通用的语言，笑容是世上最温暖的语言本文探讨了人类为什么笑这个话题答案与解析推理判断题根据文章第二段的
1.B“To findout whenand whypeoplelaugh可知本文写作目的是弄清楚人类什么时候以及为什么会笑故项正确B
2.答案与解析A推理判断题根据文章倒数第二段的uAt ages5and6we probablylaugh more可知，玩得多than atany othertimes.Adults laughless thanchildren,probably becausethey playless.”的人笑得多项正确A答案与解析词义猜测题联系上下文可知（易受影响的）与
3.A susceptible的意思最为接近故选sensitive A答案与解析主旨大意题笑容是世上最通用的语言，笑容是世上最温暖的语言，本
4.C文探讨了人类为什么笑这个问题故项为最佳标题CB【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了与传统思维认为的边听边涂鸦是走神的表现不同，实质上边听边涂鸦是有助于记忆的，教授的实验和教师的Jackie AndradeDan Ware教学经历进行了该观点的证实
5.答案与解析D细节理解题根据文章第二段内容uHalf oftheparticipantswereaskedtoshade inshapesonapieceofpaperatthesametime,without payingattention toneatness,while therest可知，在实验中，一半的参与者被要求同时在纸上给形状涂上weregivennosuchinstructions.”阴影，不注意整洁，而剩下的人没有得到这样的指示，即有一部分参与者可以在纸上随意涂画选项（些参与者被要求在纸上随DSome wereinstructed tomake randomdrawings onpaper.—意画画）”与原文内容表达信息一致故选项D答案与解析词义猜测题根据划线单词句之后存在了句,可知，句与划线
6.B“but”“but”句应是转折关系分析“But myresearch suggeststhat ineveryday lifedoodling maybe somethingwedo becauseit helpstokeepus ontrack witha boringtask,rather thanbeing anunnecessary distraction.（但我的研究表明，在日常生活中，涂鸦可能是我们做的事情，that weshould tryto resistdoing因为它有助于让我们跟上无聊的任务，而不是一个不必要的我们应该努力抵制的分心）”可知，句在解释涂鸦的对于“无聊任务”的有益作用，因此可推知,划线单词应是与but“impaired”but句中的为反义词关系,可以理解为“没有帮助”或“损害”含义，与选项“help”impaired B.（变弱）”表达含义一致故选项“Weakened B答案与解析推理判断题根据文章第四段内容
7.A“But myresearch suggeststhat ineverydaylife doodlingmaybesomethingwedobecauseit helpstokeepusontrackwithaboringtask,rather than可知，的研究表明，being anunnecessary distractionthat weshouldtrytoresistdoing.“Jackie Andrade在日常生活中，涂鸦有助于跟上无聊的任务，而不是一个不必要的分文章第五段内容“but afterteachingkidswith allpersonalitytypeshelearnedscribbling awayduringlectures helpscertain studentsremember moreinformation.v可知，Dan Ware在教了所有性格类型的孩子之后，了解到在课堂上涂鸦有助于某些学生记住更多信息因此可推知，在他们看来，涂鸦是有助于在任务中或课堂中集中精力的故选项A答案与解析主旨大意题根据文章体裁为说明文，文章结构为总分结构可知，文章
8.B首段提出主旨要义But doodlingwhile listeningcanhelpwithrememberingdetails,rather thanimplyingthat themindiswandering,according toastudypublishedinthescientificjournalApplied.（但是根据发表在科学期刊《应用认知心理学》上的一项研究，边听边涂CognitivePsychology鸦有助于记忆细节，而不是暗示走神）可知，本文主要讲述了涂鸦对于记忆是有益的，同时文章的其他段落分别从的实验和教师的教学经历两个方面进行了该主JackieAndradeDanWare题的阐述选项（涂鸦可以帮助记忆）”贴合主旨要义，B“Doodling CanHelp MemoryRecall为最佳标题故选项B完形填空H.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文主要记叙了作者从自己单身妈妈每天在镜子前摆出自信的姿态和涂口红的行为中，学到了虽然世界上的很多东西让人对未来感到担忧，但我们仍然拥有难以置信的选择能力，我们可以关注我们可以控制的事物，以避免被不确定性击倒站起来，把任何令人沮丧的事情都关在门外答案与解析考查名词词义辨析句意然而，我从母亲的一个简单的自我行为习惯
1.C中找到了力量，我决定不再继续沉浸在某种不确定之中美丽；知识;A.beauty B.knowledge C.力量；证据结合上文strength D.evidence The COVID-19pandemic hasleft manyworryings about可知虽然大流行让许多人对未来感到担忧然而作者the future.However,Pve foundCOVID-19却在母亲一个简单的自我行为习惯中找到了力量，表示前后的转折，结合选项however strength最符合语境故选C答案与解析考查动词词义辨析句意然而，我从母亲的一个简单的自我行为习惯
2.A中找到了力量，我决定不再继续沉浸在某种不确定之中溺水;梦想;A.drowning B.dreaming C.祈祷；工作结合后文可知作者决定不再沉浸在某种不praying D.working inasortofuncertainty确定之中短语“沉浸在故选drown inA答案与解析考查动词词义辨析句意我是由一个单亲妈妈抚养长大的，她有两个
3.D孩子，两份工作，还有一大堆的清洁工作、做假和一大串的付账清单称赞；A.praised B.abused虐待；抛弃；抚养结合后文可知作者是由一个单亲妈妈C.abandoned D.raised byasinglemom抚养长大的故选D答案与解析考查名词词义辨析句意我是由一个单亲妈妈抚养长大的，她有两个
4.C孩子，两份工作，还有一大堆的清洁工作、做饭和一大串的付账清单卷；堆；A.roll B.pile C.清单;束缚结合后文可知作者的母亲还有一大list D.chain ofcleaning,cooking andbill-paying堆的清洁工作、做饭和一大串的付账清单故选C答案与解析考查副词词义辨析句意然而，她从来没有被人看到有一根头发不对
5.D劲的地方否贝!|；因此；而且；然而结合A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.Besides D.However上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用故选however D答案与解析考查名词词义辨析句意每天早上，她都会走到镜子前，微微抬起下
6.A巴，这是自信的姿态，在勉强露出露齿的微笑之前还会涂上口红镜子；桌子；A.mirror B.table来者；墙壁结合后文可知妈妈每天早上要走到镜子前涂口红C.comer D.wall puton lipstick故选A答案与解析考查动词词义辨析句意我当时太年轻，没有意识到为什么
7.B A.ask询问；意识到；怀疑；建议结合后文可知作者当时还太小，B.realize C.doubt D.advise why没有意识到母亲这么做的原因是什么故选B答案与解析考查动词词义辨析句意我的母亲一直到最后都保持着她的红唇
8.A A.戴，穿；咬；阅读；绕行结合后文可知此处指母亲的wore B.bit C.read D.rounded herred lips嘴巴一直保持红红的状态，应用其它选项意思不符合语境故选wear A答案与解析考查动词词义辨析句意我沉浸在悲伤和不确定之中，泪流满面
9.A A.流动；获得;拉；指向结合上文streaming B.getting C.pulling D.pointing“Iwas deepinsorrowand可知此处指眼泪顺着作者的面颊留下来故选uncertainty,tears...A答案与解析考查名词词义辨析句意一秒钟后，我听到口红盖子咔哒一声
10.D A.camera相机；B.door门；Clock锁；D.cap盖子结合第二段中alift herchin upslightly,a gestureof可知母亲最后会涂口红，因此作者听到的是口红盖子的咔哒声confidence,and puton lipstick”故选D答案与解析考查形容词词义辨析句意但有一件事是肯定的，当世界上的很多东
11.C西让人对未来感到担忧，我们仍然拥有难以置信的选择能力容易的；精致的；A.easy B.delicate肯定的，确信的；必要的结合上文C.sure D.necessary Wedontknowwhatsgoingtohappennext.可知虽然我们不知道接下来会发生什么但有一点是肯定的表示转折Yet onething issure,yet故选C答案与解析考查动词词义辨析句意我并不是建议我们忽略我们周围的事物，
12.A而是关注我们可以控制的事物，以避免被不确定性击倒忽视；检查；A.ignore B.examine C.favor帮助；憎恨结合后文可知作者在解D.hate whatsaroundusbutfocusonwhatwecancontrol to”释自己并不是建议忽略周围的事物，而是去关注可以控制的事物故选A答案与解析考查动词词义辨析句意我并不是建议我们忽略我们周围的事物，
13.C而是关注我们可以控制的事物，以避免被不确定性击倒练习；接受；A.practice B.accept C.avoid避免；D.finish结束结合后文ugetting knockedaround byuncertainty v可知关注我们可以控制的事物，是为了避免被不确定性击倒短语.“避免做某事”故选avoid doingsth C答案与解析考查形容词词义辨析句意站起来，把任何令人沮丧的事情都关在
14.B门外有挑战性的;令人气馁的；有趣的;令人A.challenging B.discouraging C.amusing D.thrilling兴奋的根据上文疫情可知“TheCOVID-19pandemic hasleft manyworrying aboutthe future.此处指把令人沮丧的事情都关在门外其他选项不符合语境故选B.答案与解析考查名词词义辨析句意只要记得继续涂口红就可以了力15D A.power量；外套；面具;口红此处呼应第二段中母亲涂口红的B.coat C.mask D.lipstick puton lipstick行为故选D.语法填空III【语篇解读】本文是一篇调查报告通过对英语图书市场的调查发现，在英国翻译小说销量的增长表明，英国读者对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望
1.答案与解析arrival考查词形转换句意对于翻译安娜・霍姆伍德来说，这标志着一个新时代的到来根据可知此处应该用名词形式故答案为the arrival答案与解析考查定语从句此处是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句
2.who Holmwood中作主语，又是非限制性定语从句，不能引导故答案为that who答案与解析考查介词句意她的翻译作品《射雕英雄传》、
3.as Legends%e CondorHeroes金庸的奇幻小说《射雕英雄传》｛以及刘慈欣的科幻小说《三体》Legends ofthe CondorHeroes,都在尼尔森的一份报告中被列为年英The ThreeBody Nielsen2018国最受欢迎的两部中国小说之一固定搭配把……当作……”故答案为show…as…as.答案与解析考查过去分词句意调查发现，与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过
4.seen的规则”相反，年英国的这一数字为并且年度总销售额为万美元此处是3%
20185.63%,2710过去分词作前置定语“被经常看见的”故答案为seen答案与解析考查并列连词句意调查发现，与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过
5.and的规则”相反，年英国的这一数字为并且年度总销售额为万美元结合句3%
20185.63%,2710意可知此处是并列的递进关系故答案为and答案与解析考查时态句意正如我们所看到的，这一比例近年来翻了一
6.has doubled番根据可知句子用现在完成时态，且主语是不可数名词，属于单数inrecentyears.proportion,第三人称故答案为has doubled答案与解析考查词形转换此处是形容词，由副词来修饰故答案为
7.really excitingreallyo答案与解析考查动名词作主语句意读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好
8.Reading方法之一此处是动名词作主语故答案为Reading答案与解析考查最高级句意读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好方法之一
9.best此处有范围，再根据定冠词可知用最高级故答案为the,best答案与解析考查时态和主谓一致句意翻译小说销量的增长表明，英国读者
10.shows对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，且主语是单数第rise,三人称故答案为shows。
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