新目标八年级下册Unit4

新目标八年级下册讲义Unit7Whafs thehighest mountain in the world

一、词性转换

三、句型反义词

7.thick fthin集萃Section ASectionB

1.protect fn.protection

1.feel free

1.weigh fn.weight最高级

2.wide fwidestto asksb.

2.research fpl.researchessth.on...

3.achievement fv.achieve

3.keeper fv.keep

4.succeed fadj.successful就……随

4.awake—v.wake意问某人

5.challenge fn.challenge

5.excitement fadj.exciting/excited问题

6.force fv.force

6.remaining^v.remain

2.one of+

8.There be

二、短语归纳sb./sth.doing砍伐林木与一样大

12.give updoing sth.

1.as bigas有某人/某物放弃做某事正在做某

24.endangered animals

2.one of the oldestcountries事

13.achieve onesdream最古老的国家之一濒危动物最高级+

9.teach sb.实现某人的梦想

3.feel freeto dosth.about sth.

25.be in danger

14.the forcesof nature随意地做某事教某人有可数名词处于危险之中自然界的力量关……据我所知

4.as faras Iknow的东西

26.the importanceof到达顶峰

15.reach thetop

5.man-made objectssavingthese animals虽然;即使

16.even though人造物体出生时拯救这些动物的重要性

17.at birth将来

6.in thefuture垦

18.be awake

27.five square kilometers in

7.any othermountain着

19.run overwith excitement面积五平方千米size其他任何一座山复数最兴奋地跑过去浓云

28.thick clouds跨越

8.run along

20.walk intosb.

29.challenge oneself

9.freezing weather走路时撞到某人寒冷的天气挑战自我绊倒

21.fall over呼入;吞入体内

10.take in

30.the firstpeople to succeed每两年

22.every twoyears

11.in theface ofdifficulties最先成功的人

23.cut downthe forests面临危险

31.risk oneslife之一冒着生命危险最高级s the++in theworld界上最……的……有多高

4.How highis....

5.protect...from/against保护……使不受……影响成功做某事

6.succeed in doing sth.花费做某事

7.spend…doing...

10.send sb.to dosth.派某人去做某事

四、重点句子大小约平方公里

1....about9,600,000squarekilometersin size.9,6000,0000★[解析1]square“平方米，用于数字后表面积1adj.平方米的面积Ex.an areaof95square meters95正方形；广场2n.Ex.Many oldpeople likedancing onthe squareafter supper.【解析】数字读法★★2米高米深8,

844.43meters high10251,025meters deep英语数字中的单位有百千百万十亿hundred thousandmillion billion百位和十位或个位之间有若读数中无则在后加and,hundred,thousand and练习下列数字如何表达？一万十万一千万ten thousand one hundredthousand tenmillion一亿one hundredmillion10001ten thousandand one134,520,012one hundredand thirtyfour millionfive hundredand twentythousand andtwelve.中国是世界上人口最多的国家★★【解析】

2.China has the biggestpopulation in theworld是一个集合名词,意为“人口”population用法常与定冠词连用，作主语且强度整体人口时，谓语动词一般用单数，1population theEx.The population is increasingfaster andfaster.人口增长得越来越快当主语时“人口的百分之几、儿分之儿”时，谓语动词常用复数形式2Ex.Three quartersof the population areworkers.四分之三的人口是工人表示人口的“多”或“少”时,用或“3“large small”中国人口众多Ex.The population of Chinais verylarge.询问某国、某地有多少人口时，用…？:4“How large你们家乡有多少人口？Ex.How largeis the populationofyour hometown5提问有多少人口，常用“what is the populationof••v加拿大的人口有多少？Ex.What is thepopulationof Canada表示“某地有多少人口”时,常用句型

6...has a population度有十亿多人口Ex.India hasapopulationof morethan onebillion.E|

11.The expertsthink thatIndias populationmay bethan Chinas

2017.A.much;by B.more;in C.larger;by D.larger;on湖北荆州

2.120173]The wordspopulationisgrowing andthere islandand waterforgrowing rice.A.more;less B.larger;fewer C.larger;less D.more;fewer.【湖南衡阳】一31thepopulationof China一Ifs about

1.3billion.A.Whafs B.How manyis C.How muchis长城有多长★

3.How longis thewall【解析】多长；多久how long用法对长度提问1一桌子有多长？Ex.How longis thetable大约米长—About

1.2meters.对时间提问，常用或引导的时间状语来回答2for since晚上做作业要花多长时Ex.—How longdoes ittake youto doyour homeworkin theevening间？两个小时——For twohours.上海

1.

[20172]_have youbeen in the sportsclub一Since thefirst monthI came to theschool.A.How oldB.How longC.How muchD.How soon湖北孝感

2.

[20173]—have youbeen married—For twenty yearsA.How farB.how oftenC.how longD.how soon★★

4.The mainreason wasto protecttheir partof thecountry.主要的原因是保卫自己的国家【解析】“保护protect v.Ex.We shouldprotect children.用法,保护某人/某物使其不受protect sb./sth.from sth./doing sth不要让阳光伤害你的眼睛Ex.Protect your eyes fromthe sun.我们应当保护自己不受伤害We shouldprotect ourselvesfrom beinghurt.

1.Wearing darkglasses can protect youreyes fromthe sun..保护

2.The sunglassescan protectyoureyes fromthe sun伤害

3.The sunglassescanprotectyoureyesfrom hurtingbythe sunlight.★

5.As youcan see,its quitetall andwide.正如你所看到的，长城非常高，也非常宽广【解析】.像……一样，正如用来引导状语从句as1conjEx.I wassurprised ashe openedthe door..作为2prepEx.I getjob asa teacher.

1.Mrs.Black doesntagree tokeep acat apet becauseshe hatescats.2017本溪5A.for B.on C.as D.with

2.Well havedinner atQianxilong Restaurant,which isfamous itsfood.2017山东聊城4A.of B.to C.for D.as★★

6.One of the wordsmost dangeroussports ismountain climbing.登山是世界上最危险的运动之一.【解析】最高级+可数名词复数“最…的…之一”oneof+the+尼罗河是世界最长的河流之一Ex.The Nileis one of thelongest riversin theworld.是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一Jenny Jennyis one of the most popularteachers in ourschool.【曲立青中考】

1.2017Aqood bookmav beone ofvour bestfriendsfriend.曲靖中考】

2.[2017Qujing is one ofcities inYunnan,and hasattracted manypeopleliving andworking here.A.the largestB.the largeC.larger D.largest【重庆市】

3.2017—What doyou thinkof thefilm yousaw yesterday—Oh!IVs one of filmsIve everseen.A.interesting B.more interestingC.most interestingD.the mostinteresting★并且越接近顶部呼吸越困难

7.It isalso veryhard totake in air asyou getnear thetop.【解析】吸入；吞入体内【拓展】与相关的词组take intake外貌相像拿开写下，记下take aftertake awaytake down吸收，吸纳起飞；脱下别紧张take intake offtake iteasy喜欢，开始从事照相照顾，照料take totake picturestake careof江苏常州】[2017—Why haveyou gotso muchwater here—For theworkers.After theyfinish thetough hike,they needto lotsofwater.A.keep offB.give outC.take inD.put up

8.The firstChinese teamdid soin1960,while thefirst womantosucceedwas JunkoTabei★from Japanin

1975.年第一支中国登山队登上了顶峰，年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登上顶峰19601975的女子【解析】和的辨析success,succeed,successful successfully⑴名词，意为“成功”success不及物动词，后常接2succeed indoing sth..在某事上取得成功”；.成功做某事”succeed insth succeedindoingsth形容词，意为“成功的”3successful:副词，意为“成功地，4successfully:选词填空succeeded,successful,successfully她成功的通过了考试

1.She succeededinpassing theexam.演出彳艮成功

2.The performancewas successful,我成功地完成了训练

3.I finishedmv traininqsuccessfully.

9.One of the mainreasons isbecause peoplewant tochallenge themselvesintheface ofdifficulties.最主要的原因之一是因为人们在面临困难的时候想挑战自我★★【解析】.挑战challenge v./n用法.向某人挑战.他向我挑战赛跑challenge sb.to sthEx.He challengedmetoa race向某人挑战challenge sb.to dosth,Ex.Lily challengeshim toplay thetennis.

1.I challengedhim toa gameof chess.

2.Their schoolchallenged oursto playanotherbasketball match.play★它还告

②迫使；强迫强迫某人做某事V.force sb.to dosth.没有人能强迫我做任何事Ex.Nobody canforce meto doanything.★★

11.The elephantweights manytimes morethan thispanda.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍【解析】是……的几倍”time1主语+数词++形容词被比较的内容times+as+as+Ex.Our newschool isfour timesas bigastheold one.“次数”2一次两次三次及三次以上基数词once twice+times浙江we speak.2017A.as twicemuch as B.twice as much asC.as muchas twiceD.asmuchtwice as杭州We havetwo earsandonemouth sothat wecan listen2★★

12.The babyoften die from illnessand donot livevery long.熊猫幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久【解析】死亡f死，死亡死的die V,death n,-dead adj.f dying将死的【拓展】常见搭配adj.死于1diefrom…，宾语表示死亡原因当表示因病而死时，可与通用;die of常用于由于外部创伤或间接原因致死，如衰弱，饮食过度，劳累或不明原因死亡Ex.He diedfrom acar accident/a wound/disease/overwork/polluted air.他死于事故/受伤/疾病/过度劳累/污染的空气“死于……”，主要指疾病、衰老、情感等自身原因造成死亡2die of....他的爷爷于年死于肝癌Ex.His grandfatherdied ofliver cancerin19921992“家族、物种等灭绝；绝迹”3die out川恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了Ex.Dinosaurs diedout65m ionyears ago.曲靖中考】一

1.[2017The nationalhero WuBin,a busdriver,hardly hadtime tothink about—Yes,His isstarting tomake peoplethink alot.A.die B.death C.dead D.died

2.He diedthe trafficaccident last week.A.of B.from C.with D.for湖北荆州]

3.[2017—Do youknow thatMr.Zhang passedlastweek.himself whenindanger.一川Yes.He diedness.A.away;of B.on;from C.by;with D.off;as

五、重点语法形容词及副词的最高级用法

一、形容词副词变最高级变化规则.一般在词尾直接1est;long-longest以不发音的字母结尾的单词在词尾直接加

2.est;nice-nicest以辅音字母结尾的词，把变为再加

3.+yyi,est;heavy-heaviest重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加

4.est;big-biggest多音节词,在前面加

5.the most;beautiful-the mostbeautiful不规则变化，我们应该牢记

6.原级最局级good/well bestmany/much mostlittleleastold old/eldest川bad/badly Iworstfar farthest/furthest

二、形容词最高级的标志词标志词形容词最高级前面通常会带有定冠词1the the那件蓝色的裙子是最贵的Ex.The bluedress isthe mostexpensive of all.但最高级前若有序数词、物主代词等修饰时不加定冠词the.他是我最好的朋友Ex.He ismy bestfriend.标志词表示“在……之内”表示的比较范围被看做是一个整体，其后常接表示单2inin位、团体、组织、时间等概念的名词或代词在她班上，她是最高的Ex.She isthe tallestin herclass.标志词表示“属性”，表示比较对象被看成逐个的个体，常有两种结构3of of1名词复数of all/the/ones+Ex.This isthe cheapestofall.2+基数词/名词复数oftheEx.She isthe tallestofthe three.练习用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.My sistersEnglish isworsebad than mine.

2.My motheristhebusiestbusy inmy family.

3.Li Mingisoneof tallesttallboys inour class.

4.Which doyou likebestwell,Chinese,English,or Math

5.Mary isoneofthemostcreativecreative writersinthecity.

6.She iseldestold ofus all.

7.English ismore importantimportantthan math.

8.Which computeristhe worstbad ofthethree

三、最高级常用句式形容词最高级基本句式主语+谓语+最高级+比较范围+the表达“第几……长、大、远”，一般用主语序数词+最高级+单数名词短语1+be+the++in黄河是中国的第二长河Ex.The YellowRiver isthe secondlongest riverin China.在表达“最……的……之一”时，一般用+形容词最高级+可数名词复数短2oneofthe+in/of语重庆是我们国家最大的城市之一Ex.Chongqing isoneofthe biggestcities inour country.“特殊疑问词最高级,3+be+the+A,B orC”太阳、月亮和地球那一个最大？

四、Ex.Which isthe biggest,thesun,the moonor theearth形容词最高级与比较级的互换最高级句式最高级短语the++of/in二比较级句式比较级单数名词+than any other+【注Ex.Shanghai isthe biggestcity inChina.=Shanghai isbigger than anyothercity inChina.意】表示“最高程度”的形容词,如等，没有比较级和最高级.1excellent,extreme,perfect中间用形容词或副词原形，表示同级比较2as…as她和一样高Ex.She isas tallas Lily.Lily

六、真题演练A.fast B.faster C.the fastestD.more【襄阳】

1.2017Who runofall inthe sportsmeeting【广东】fast

2.2017—What doyou thinkofthefilm—Wonderful!I thinkifs thanthe otherfilms inrecentyears.A.the bestB.theworstC.much better D.much worse上海】

3.[2017The volunteerspoke asas shecould tomake thevisitorsunderstand her.A.clearly B.more clearlyC.most clearlyD.themost clearly【雅安】一

4.2017Which monthhas daysinayear一February.A.few B.little C.the leastD.the fewest

5.【2017浙江】Ifs muchto havea smalllovely roomthanabig coldone.A.good B.well C.betterD.best兰州]川

6.[2017If thereare peopledriving,there wbe airpollution.A.less,less B.less,fewer C.fewer,fewer D.fewer,less【黄石[

7.2017I amgood atmath,but hisEnglish isthanmine.A.much betterB.more better C.very betterD.pretty better盐城]

8.[2017There isntan airportnear whereI live.The oneis about90miles away.A.busiest B.farthest C.newest D.nearest鄂州]—

9.[2017Do youlike thewestern food,Lili一No,I thinkthe foodof ourcountry isthat ofwestern countries.A.much moredelicious than B.less deliciousthanC.not as delicious as D.asdeliciousas大连】

10.[2017—Who playsthe violin,Sally orKylie—Sally.But shegave thechance toKylie.A.well B.betterC.best D.the best苏州

11.L2017Peter speaksChinese wellindeed,but ofcourse nota localspeakerinChina.A.so fluentlyasB.more fluentthan C.as fluentasD.much fluentlythan茂名】川

12.[2017you hitthe horse,it wgo.A.hard;fast B.The hard;the fastC.The harder;the faster福州]一

13.12017Dad.Would youplease drive—No hurry.We haveenough timebefore theplane takesoff.A.faster B.more slowlyC.more carefully【十堰】

14.2017—Many boystudents thinkmath isEnglish.—I agree.Tm weakin English.A.much difficultthanB.so difficultasC.less difficultthan D.more difficultthan达州]一

15.[2017Peter isthan you,right—Yes,but herunsinourclass.A.heavier,the fastestB.heavy,the fastestC.heavier,faster D.heavy,faster。