高中英语人教版一轮学案模块三第6讲情态动词和虚拟语气

温馨提示:此套题为版，请按住滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合Word Ctrl,适的观看比例，答案解析附后关闭文档返回原板块Word情态动词和虚拟语气（,江苏高考）L2019What apity!You missedthe sightseeing,or wewould（）have hadhave a good timetogether.（,江苏高考）

2.2018There is agoodsocial lifein thevillage,and I wish I had（）have asecond chanceto beemore involved.完成句子II.（新高考全国卷）（那个演讲L2020・I1wish thatspeaker hadspoken longer者说得再长点）.（,天津高考）

2.2019Mary sdescription of the partywas sovivid that I feltas（好像我在那里一样）.if Ihad beenthere（•全国卷）

3.2018II Asa kid,I lovedto watchcartoons,but nomatter how（不让我many timesI askedto watchthem,my parentswould not let me去）.语法填空二谨记.若句中谓语动词为原形，在其前设纯空格题时,注意考虑情态动1词然后根据句意或句式结构填入恰当的情态动词；一旦判断所给动词在句中作谓语，就要考虑其时态、语态、语气、主

2.谓一致等注意虚拟语气中的时态，除了炉虚拟条件句，还应注意过去式（用）be wereshould/would/could/mi与将来事实相反动词原形should+动词原形ght+动词原形were to+If therewere no air,we couldn,t live.If therehad beennoairin thetube,the resultofthe experiment wouldhavebeen moreaccurate.※什he wereto etomorrow,things would be easier.虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装

2.如果虚拟条件句中含有可把省略，把were/had/should,if were/had/should提到主语之前形成倒装；若为否定形式,不可提乙not刖^Should itrain tomorrow,what wouldyou doXWere thereno friction,we couldnot walk.^Had weknown aboutthe newmethod,we should have appliedit earlier.错综时间条件句

3.有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整^lf Ihad methim before,I couldrecognize him.含蓄条件句

4.有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用等介词短语1butfor,without或上下文来表示^Without air,there wouldn,t beliving thingsin theworld now.⑵用等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟otherwise,or语气X Hereminded meof that,otherwise,I wouldhave forgottenit.⑶虚拟条件通过暗示出来，结构为“虚拟情况真实情况〃but+but+^She wouldhave eto seeyou,but shewas sobusy thatday.使用虚拟语气的常见结构或从句与后接宾语从句的区别表示一般可以实现的希望，宾

1.wish hopehope语从句用陈述语气表示很难或不大可能实现的希望，宾语从句用wish虚拟语气如wish Iwere astall asyou.^He wishedhe hadnt saidthat.XI wishit wouldrain tomorrow.与一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所接的虚拟

2.if onlyIwish语气的时态与后所接时态的情况相同如wish^lf onlyIhadlistened tomy parents!后句子用虚拟语气只分现在和过去，表示宁愿做什么〃

3.1would rather如d ratheryou wenttomorrow now.d ratheryou hadnt saidit.以引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气,

4.as ifas though则与用法相同如wish^The teachertreats thepupil as if hewere herown child.考点》从句中用动词原形的用法I3should+在以免,以防引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气

1.for fearthat incase^We hada meetingand talkedthe matterover faceto facefor fearthatthere should be anymisunderstanding.在表示“坚持〃“命令〃”建议〃”要求〃等后的宾语从句要用虚拟

2.语气这类动词可归纳为“一个坚持、两个命令、三insist order,mand个建议、四个要求advise,suggest,propose demand,require,request,如:ask“X Myfamily insistedthatIshould notgive in,but stayand fight.^He mandedthat roadsshouldbe builtto linkcastles acrossthe land.^1suggested toMike that we shouldgoout for a mealwith hiscolleagues.在等名词后的表

3.order,suggestion,idea,plan,proposal,advice,demand语从句或同位语从句中用虚拟语气如^The ordercame thatthe medicalsupplies shouldbe sentto theearthquakestrickenarea soon.I考点4〉It sabout/high time that+主语+did/should.・.后的从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或It sabout/high time动词原形,此处不能省略,意为“早该干某事了〃如:※should+should代s timethatwe wentto bed.※代s high timethat we shouldtake actionto protectthe waterresources.小题快练・・©If wehad takentakeanother road,we wouldnt havebeen stuckin thetrafficjam forso long.®\wish Ihad beenbeat mysister,s weddinglast Tuesday,but I was onabusiness tripin NewYork then.@lt ishightimethat youconsidered/should considerconsiderthat iftherewere nostress inyour life,you wouldachieve a little.@lt islucky webooked aroom,or wewould havehavenowhere tostaynow.©They metfor thefirst time,but theytalked happilyasifthey hadbeenbegoodfriends fora longtime.@As Fatherand Motherthought itwas abig occasionfor me,they suggestedIshould holdholda birthdayparty athome tocelebrate it.语法填空I.According toa recentstudy,plants areable tomake intelligentdecisions.They area lot

1.smart thanwe thought.Scientists havediscovered thatthe peaplant canmake decisionson how

2.survive best,even thoughit does not have a brain.Researchers grewseveral pea plants thathad their roots

3.separate betweentwo pots.Each potcontained differentamountof nutrients.One potalways hadthe sameamount,

4.the otherpot variedbetween alot andalittle.The plantsturned outto be一致的

5.amaze consistentat turningtheirrootsto thepot withthe mostnutrients.Researcher AlexKacelnik saystheexperimentraises aquestion,notabout plants,

6.about animalsand humans.He wonderswhether thepeaplant ismore efficientin usingits limitedresources about

7.make decisionsthanhumans.He says,〃We havea very wonderful brain,but maybemost ofthetime were notusing

8.・Professor Kacelnikdoesnotthink thatpeaplantsare intelligentin thehumansense,but thatthey exhibitplex

9.behave toefficiently takeadvantage ofnatural opportunities.It willbeinteresting tosee howour liveswouldbedifferent ifwe

10.adopt similarstrategies.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文本文主要讲了最新研究表明植物能做出最有利于自己生存的决定，植物要远比我们想象的聪明【解析】考查比较级根据后面的可确定,这

1.smarter thanwe thought里需要使用比较级，所以填smarter【解析】考查常用结构“疑问词+不定式〃作宾语，相当于

2.to surviveo一个从句，所以填to survive【解析】考查固定结构“它们的根〃和“分开〃之间是

3.separated被动关系，所以用结构，填have sth.done separated【解析】考查连词表示〃然而〃,所以填

4.whileo while【解析】考查副词修饰形容词用副词，所以

5.amazingly consistent,填amazinglyo

6.【解析】buto考查固定句型not...but...不是而是，是固定句型，所以填buto【解析】考查非谓语动词介词之后用名词性质的词作

7.makingo about宾语，故此处用形式，所以填V.ing makingo【解析】考查代词指代前面的故用

8.ito averywonderfulbrain,it

9.【解析】考查名词作的宾语，用名词形式，所以填behavior exhibitobehavioro【解析】考查虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句

10.adopted型为主语+动词的过去式（动词用）主语lf+be were,动词原形,所以填+would/could/might/should+adopted0语段填空

11.（被认为）High schoolis consideredthe mostimportant stage.As aseniorthree student,it willnot belong beforeI graduate.Now Ihave many（与同伴分享）.things to share withmv fellowsFirst ofall,I dlike toexpress（帮了我一把）my thanksto thosewho lentme nhand when I wasdisappointed.It wastheir kindnessthat helpedme regainmy selfconfidence（灰心）.whenIlost heartBesides,I anxiouslywant toclear upsomemisunderstanding withmy friendsin orderto keepour friendshipsforever.With theNational CollegeEntrance Examination随着高考临近）,（）approaching Istrongly remendthatweshould valuetime（我们珍惜时间）and redoubleefforts tostudy sothatwe can getinto a keyuniversity.写作运用

111.补全下面写作，注意本节语法的使用Dear Tom,r mwriting togive you

1.some adviceon whichsocial medinvou（一些关于在中国你应该使用哪些社交媒体的建议）,should usein Chinaandto explainthe reasonsfor myremendation.Personally speaking,

2.1stronglv believethat WeChat is thebest choice（我坚信微信是你的最佳选择）.for vouSimilar toInstagram inthe West,itallows you toshareyour specialmoments withfriends,as wellas providingaconvenient platformfor municationbetween individualsand groups.Inaddition,when youget here,you llfind thatall yourfriends arekeen users,

3.（所以使用这个应用so usingthis appcan helpyou tocaoid feelingleft out程序可以帮助你避免感觉被忽视）.Allin all,WeChatisan indispensabletoolfor Chinesepeople ofall agesand fromall walksof life,

4.so IstronHv（因此我强烈建议你学着用它）.suxgest thatvou learnto useit

5.If vouhave cnvfurther questionabout vourfuture lifehere in（如果你对你在中国的未来生活还有任China,please don t hesitateto ask何疑问，请毫不犹豫地问）.I msincerely lookingforward toyour arrival.Yours,Li Hua关闭文档返回原板块Word虚拟语气的标志词,如suggest,wouldrather,asif,wish,otherwise,or,but for等

一、情态动词再打含有情态动词的时态和被动语态.情态动词+原形除了表示现在的时间外，还可以表示将来，说明动作1尚未发生如XYou cango nowbut youd bettere earliertomorrow..情态动词表示动作正在发生如2+be doing:^Your mothermay be waiting foryoutoreturn home.^He must be playingfootball on the playgroundnow.青态动词

3.f+have done:⑴表示对过去情况的推测X He must havestarted writinghis booka longtime ago.⑵表示过去“该做而没做〃〃能做而没做〃可做而没做〃等含义，与过去事实不符或相反^1should havegone thismorning but I wasfeeling a bit ill.含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词

4.+be+doneX Pupilsshouldbehelped toadopt apositive approachto theenvironment.常考情态动词的用法

1.can⑴表示能力，一般译为〃能、会〃,尤其指生来具备的能力^Can youspeak English⑵表示许可，常在口语中⑶表示推测，意为可能〃，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时译为cad t不可能〃^Can thenews betrue^The mooncan talways befull.

2.could⑴can的过去式，意为“能、会”,表示过去的能力XI didn,t knowif Icould raisea childby myself.在疑问句中，表示委婉请求的语气，此时没有过去式的2could could意思Could yougive mesome adviceonthebest wayto dothis

3.may表示请求、许可，比正式1can^May Iuse yourputer⑵表示推测，谈论可能性，意为可能，或许〃，一般用于肯定句中XI thinkhe maybe readyforasleep soon.⑶may的过去式为mighto might也可以表示可能性低于may此时没有过去式的意思might^He saidhe mightnot beback untiltonight.⑷表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿通常是用主+3may+^May allof ourwishes etrue thisValentine sDay.

4.must表示主观看法，意为“必须〃lmust^We mustbe honestand faithfulto thepeople.⑵对引导的疑问句，肯定回答为否定回答为或must must,needn t don thaveto※一Must I go theretoday—Yes,you must.—No,you needn t.⑶must也可以表示有把握的推测，意为“一定，肯定〃，用于肯定句XHe mustbewaitingfor us.⑷其否定形式表示禁止，不许”mustn t^We mustntletthe waterrun towaste.【点津】其反意疑问句的构成形式当表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词must来构成X Hemustbegood atmaths,isn the^You must have toldher aboutit,haven tyou

5.need⑴need表示需要，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn，t,意为〃不必〃用提问时,肯定回答为否定回答为或need must,neednt dont have tOo※一Need Igo withyou—Yes,you must./No,you needn,t.还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人2need作主语，后面多接动词不定式^Adults need to livetheir ownlives andthat,s difficultwith children.【点津】如果是物作主语，一般用与这need doingneedtobe done,种情况下应注意两点

①主动形式的动名词具有被动的含义；doing

②该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变XThe carneeds washing.=The carneeds tobe washed.

6.dare意为敢、敢于〃，用法近似于有两种词性dare need,作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单ldare数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时^How dareyou pickup thephone andlisten inon myconversations!^Most peoplehate him,but theydontdare tosay so,because hestillrules thecountry.⑵dare作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化XMy boyfrienddoesn tdare tohold myhand inpublic.【点津】口语中,的各种形式常与不带的不定式连用dare to※口you daretell himwhat Isaid

7.shall⑴shall表示征求对方意见多用于第

一、三人称⑵shall表示命令、允诺多用于第

二、三人称I shalldo allI canto putthe matterright.XYou shallhaveaputer ifyou areadmitted toakeyuniversity.

8.should意为“应该〃，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等lshould^We shoulddo everythingwecanto maintainworld peace.意为本应该做某事而没做”，表示对过去动作的责2should have done备、批评shouldhavegone thismorning but Iwasfeeling abit ill.

9.will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称willIf youwill undertakethe affair,I shallbe verygrateful.唐露表示“推测〃的情态动词表示对具体事物的推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句

1.can^They cant believeyou caneven holda conversation.【点津】表推测用于肯定句时，不能指对具体事物的推测，而是can表示事物的属性特征^Even anexperienced climbercan getinto trouble.表示肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中

2.must^The puterdoesn t work.There mustbe somethingwrong withit.表示推测时不一定是的过去式,只是表示其可能性比

3.might maymay小If youlook atthe moon,you may/might havemany questionsto ask.表示推测时，语气比弱

4.could can^She couldbe inLondon orParis orTokyo—nobody knows.表示推测的可能性比较大，表示有依据或有前提的推测，仅比

5.should的可能性小一点意为按说应该……”mustXI wonderwhat shappened toAnnie.She shouldbe hereby now.小题快练•・用适当的情态动词填空（必要时用否定形式）I.©Life isunpredictable;even thepoorest may/canbee therichest.

②You mustbeJason.You havent changedabitafter allthese years.@As thedeadline isdrawing near,no oneshallleave withhis ownworkunpleted.I can^t thankyou enoughfor what you have done forme.—You,re wele.@My roomisamess,butIneedn tcleanit beforeIgoout tonight.I cando itinthe morning.@Mayyou succeed!完成句子II.so（不必做这么多的家庭作业）.

①We needntdomuch homeworkTherefore,we havemore timefor afterschoolactivities.

②In myopinion,by doingparttime jobs,college studentscan gainsome（能获得——些社会经验）social experienceand broadentheir outlooks.（你会失败）

③You shallfail ifyou dontworkhard.©Whenever Imade mistakesand feltdiscouraged,my teacherand my（本可classmates wouldhelp mefigure outhow Icould haseavoided them以避免那些错误）.考点〉情态动词过去分词I4+have+表示过去,推测过去时间里可能发

1.can/could/may/might have+done sth.生过的事情^Should youlook atwhatyoucould have done betterand learnfrom it so youcanimprove^Someone might have guessedour secretand passedit on.对过去时间里可能发生过的事情的推测，语气较强，

2.musthave+done sth.意为肯定/一定做过某事〃^China musthave donesomething supremelyright toproduce theeconomicmiracle weobserve.本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做否

3.should/ought to havedone sth.定句表示“不该做某事而做了〃^She reallyought tohave retiredlong ago,but shes stillworking.XWe reallyshouldn thave lethim goswimming byhimself.本没必要做某事却做了

4.neednthavedonesth.^1needn,thavewritten tohim becausehe phonedme shortlyafterwards.过去本想做某事而没做

5.would like tohavedonesth.XI wouldliketohave readthe article,butIwas verybusy then.•小题快练.用情态动词填空+havedone@Harry isfeeling unfortable.Hemusthave drunkdrinktoo much.Sorry,Mum!I failedthe jobinterview again.—Oh,itstoo bad.You shouldhave mademakefull preparations.@We couldhave facedfacethe difficultytogether,but whydidn tyou tellme©George canthavegonenot goso far.His coffeeis stillwarm.

二、虚拟语气唐京＞虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，此时主句不用虚拟语气；而虚拟条件句则表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，此时用虚拟语气虚拟语气在条件句中的运用

1.if类别从句谓语动词主句谓语动词should/would/could/mi与现在事实相反过去式（用）be were动词原形ght+should/would/could/mi与过去事实相反过去分词had+过去分词ght+have+。