高考英语11月第5周热点晨读材料

延伸阅读“Steve Jobs wore these sandals duringmany pivotalmoments inApples history,“the listingsaid.In1976,he hatchedthe beginningsof Applecomputer in a Los Altos garagewith Applesco-founder Steve Wozniak whileoccasionally wearingthesesandals.”清单上写道“史蒂夫乔布斯在苹果历史上的许多关键时刻都穿着这双拖鞋”1976年，•他和苹果联合创始人斯蒂夫沃兹尼亚克在洛斯阿尔托斯的一个车库里一起孵化出苹果电•脑的开端，那时他偶尔会穿这双拖鞋The sandalswere afoundational partof Jobswardrobe.According tothe WashingtonPost,aformer girlfriendsaid ina2018interview thathe evenwore themin winter.The sandalswere partofhis simpleside.They werehis uniform,said ChrisannBrennan.The greatthing abouta uniformisthat youdont haveto worryabout whatto wearin themorning.”这双拖鞋是乔布斯衣橱里最基本的一部分据《华盛顿邮报》报道，他的一位前女友在2018年的一次采访中表示，他甚至在冬天也穿这双拖鞋“拖鞋是他追求简约的一部分拖鞋已经成为了他的一种工作服”克里斯安・布伦南说”而工作服的好处就是，你不用担心早上穿什么”The sandals have beenfeatured inmultiple exhibitsfrom NewYork toMilan.这双拖鞋曾多次出现在纽约和米兰等地的展览活动中Jobs andWozniak co-founded Appleat Jobsparents9house inLos Altos,California.The propertywasnamed ahistoric landmarkby theLosAltosHistorical Commissionin

2013.乔布斯和沃兹尼亚克在乔布斯父母位于加利福尼亚州洛斯阿尔托斯的家中共同创立了苹果公司2013年，洛斯阿尔托斯历史委员会将这处房产列为历史遗迹Jobs diedin2011from complicationsof pancreaticcancer.乔布斯于2011年死于胰腺癌并发症A globalepidemic ofcancer amongpeople youngerthan50could beemerging全球50岁以下人口癌症发病率在上升When cancerstrikes anadult underthe ageof50,doctors callit an early-onset case.These cancersatyounger agesare becomingmore common.当50岁以下成年人罹患癌症时，医生称之为早发性病例这些癌症在年轻人中越来越常见A newreview ofcancer registryrecords from44countries foundthat theincidence of early-onsetcancers isrising rapidlyfor colorectaland13other typesof cancers,many ofwhich affectthedigestive system,and thisincrease ishappening acrossmany middle-and high-income nations.（研究人员）对44个国家的癌症登记记录进行了分析，结果发现早发性结肠直肠癌和其他13种早发性癌症的发病率正在快速上升，其中许多癌症会影响消化系统许多中等收入和高收入国家的早发性癌症发病率也正在上升The reviewsauthors saythe upswingin youngeradults ishappening inpart becauseof moresensitivetesting forsome cancertypes,such asthyroid cancer.But testingdoesnt completelyaccountfor thetrend,says Ogino,a professorof pathologyat Harvard.这篇述评的作者表示，年轻人患癌数量上升的部分原因是对某些种类的癌症的检测灵敏度提高了，比如甲状腺癌但哈佛大学病理学教授Ogino表示，检测并不能完全解释这一趋势Ogino saysthe spikeis due to anunhealthy stewof riskfactors that are probablyworking together,some ofwhich areknown andothers thatneed to be investigated.Ogino说，癌症发病率激增是由一系列不健康的风险因素共同作用的结果，其中一些因素是已知的，而另一些因素需要调查晨读笔记重点词汇l.early-onset:happening earlierthan commonlyhappens-used especiallyabout seriousillnesses早发性early-onset dementia

2.colorectal:relating tothe colon=the largebowel and the=rectum=the lastsection of thelarge bowel结肠直肠的colorectal cancer/surgery

3.upswing:an increaseor improvement上月长，上升；改善Many analystsare predictingan upswingin theeconomy.

4.thyroid:an organin yourneck thatproduces substancesthat affectthe way your bodygrows andthewayyoubehave甲状腺Thyroid deficiencymeans that the thyroidgland isproducing toolittle thyroidhormone.延伸阅读He notesthat manyof theserisks haveestablished linksto cancerlike obesity,inactivity,diabetes,alcohol,smoking,environmental pollution and Westerndiets highin redmeat andadded sugars,notto mentionshift work and lackof sleep.他指出，其中许多风险因素与癌症有关，比如肥胖、缺乏运动、糖尿病、酒精、吸烟、环境污染，红肉和含糖量高的西式饮食，更不用说轮班工作和睡眠不足了Oginos reviewfound somethingcalled acohort effect,meaning therisk of an early-onset cancerhasincreased foreach successivegroup ofpeople bornatalater time.Those bornthe1990shaveahigher riskof developinganearly-onset cancerin theirlifetime thanthose bornin the1980s,forexample.Ogino的研究发现了一种叫做“出生队列效应”的现象,即每一组出生较晚的人群患早发性癌症的风险提高了例如，出生于20世纪90年代的人一生中患早发性癌症的风险比那些出生于20世纪80年代的人要高Other malignanciesgoing upin youngerAmericans includethose in the breast,endometrium,gallbladder andbile duct,kidney,pancreas,thyroid,stomach andplasma cellsin theblood—a cancercalledmyeloma.其他在美国年轻人中发病率上升的恶性肿瘤包括乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、胆管癌、肾癌、胰腺癌、甲状腺癌、胃癌和浆细胞瘤——一种叫做骨髓瘤的癌症Ugandan universitydrops mandatorypregnancy testsfor studentsafter outcry乌干达一大学在遭遇强烈抗议后撤销了强制要求学生进行怀孕测试的政策A universityin Ugandahas withdrawna requirementfor femalenursing andmidwifery studentstotake a pregnancy testbefore sitting their exams,after facinga backlash.乌干达一所大学在遭遇强烈反对后撤销了一项要求女性护理和助产专业学生在考试前进行怀孕测试的要求Kampala InternationalUniversity issueda noticeon Tuesdaystating:This isto informall femalenurses and midwivesthat youare supposedto goto KIU-TH for apregnancytest ata feeof5000UGX paidto hospitalaccounts office.坎帕拉国际大学周二发布通知称「通知所有女护士和助产士，你们应该去KIU-TH进行怀孕测试，并向医院结帐处支付5000乌干达先令的费用”It added:Failure to do so,you willnot sitfor UNMEBUganda Nurses and MidwivesExaminationsBoard exams.”该通知还称“如果不这样做，你将不能参加乌干达护士和助产士考试委员会的考试”The feeof5,000Ugandan shillingsis about$

1.

33.5000乌干达先令的费用约为

1.33美元延伸阅读Womens rightsorganization FIDAUganda posteda photoof aletter itsent tothe privateuniversity,reminding theinstitution thatArticle333of thecountrys1995Constitution“grants protectionofwomen andtheir rights,taking intoaccount theirunique statusand naturalmaternal functionsinsociety andthis samearticle furtherprohibits discriminationof womenand guaranteestheir fullandequal dignityof theperson withmen.^^妇女权利组织乌干达国际妇女协会发布了一封致这所私立大学的信的照片，提醒该机构，该国1995年宪法第333条“考虑到女性在社会中的独特地位和自然的母亲职能，应保护女性及其权利，该条法规进一步禁止歧视女性，并保证她们与男性享有充分和平等的人格尊严二On Thursday,the universityreversed itspolicy.周四，该大学改变了这一政策“This isto informyou allthat theinternal memoon pregnancyand pregnancytesting dated8November2022has beenrescinded withdrawn,wrote ProfessorFrank Kaharuza,deputy vicechancellorof theuniversitys WesternCampus,inastatement shared by theuniversity onTwitter.该大学西校区副校长弗兰克・卡哈鲁扎教授在该大学推特上分享的一份声明中写道“特此通知大家，2022年11月8日发布的有关怀孕和怀孕测试的内部备忘录已被撤回”Please focuson gettingready foryour UNMEBexams.I wishyou allthe bestin theforthcomingexams,he continued.“请集中精力准备护士和助产士考试委员会的考试我祝愿你们在即将到来的考试中取得最好的成绩The universityalso respondedto FIDAUganda in an email,sharedbythe rightsgroup onTwitter,confirming that“no studentwill bestopped fromsittingtheirexams becausethey havenot takenapregnancy test.”该大学还在一封电子邮件中回应了乌干达国际妇女协会，该组织在推特上分享了这封电子邮件，确认“没有学生会因为没有进行怀孕测试而被禁止参加考试Global populationhits8billion asgrowth posesmore challengesfor theplanet全球人口达到80亿，人口增长给地球带来更多挑战The worldspopulation willreach8billion people on Tuesday,representing amilestone inhumandevelopment,,before birthrates startto slow,according toa projectionfrom theUnited Nations.根据联合国的预测，世界人口将在周二达到80亿，这是出生率开始放缓之前的“人类发展里程碑”In astatement,the UNsaid thefigure meant1billion peoplehad beenadded tothe global populationin just12years.联合国在一份声明中表示，这一数字意味着在短短12年内全球人口增加了10亿人“This unprecedentedgrowth isduetothe gradualincrease inhuman lifespanowing toimprovementsin publichealth,nutrition,personal hygieneand medicine.It isalso theresult ofhighand persistentlevels offertility insome countries,the UNstatement read.“这种前所未有的增长是由于公共卫生、营养、个人卫生和医学的改善导致人类寿命逐渐延长这也是一些国家高生育率持续的结果，“联合国声明中写道Middle-income countries,mostly inAsia,accounted formost ofthe growthover the past decade,gaining some700million peoplesince

2011.India addedabout180million people,and isset tosurpassChina asthe worldsmost populousnation nextyear.World Cup2022:Japan managerHajime Moriyasuhails historicvictory*over Germany2022年世界杯日本主帅森保一欢呼日本对德国的“历史性胜利”Football has a funnyway ofbringing upnarratives,and twoJapan players-who playtheir clubfootballin Germany-conspired toscore thegoals thatdefeated theEuropeans2-1attheWorld Cup.足球引发的故事往往很有趣——两名在德国俱乐部踢足球的日本球员合谋进球，在世界杯以2・1击败了欧洲人After SaudiArabias seismicvictory overArgentina onTuesday,this wasanother hugeshock inQatar.在沙特阿拉伯周二大胜阿根廷之后，这是卡塔尔的又一次大冷门It leftGermany*s playerssilently slippingaway from the Stadiumat full-time,andtheJapan squadcelebratingin frontof theirecstatic following.德国队的球员们在比赛结束时默默离开了体育场，而日本队在他们欣喜若狂的追随者面前庆祝胜利It isa dreamcome true,winning goalscorerTakuma Asanosaid.We knewwe coulddo it,we hadadream likethis.“梦想成真了，”日本射手浅野拓磨说“我们知道自己可以做到，我们有这样的梦想中等收入国家，主要是亚洲国家，占过去10年增长的大部分，自2011年以来增加了约7亿人印度增加了约

1.8亿人口，明年将超过中国成为世界上人口最多的国家晨读笔记重点词汇

1.projection:a calculationor guessabout thefuture basedon informationthat youhave预测，推测The companyhas failedto achievelast yearssales projectionsby30percent.

2.unprecedented:never havinghappened orexisted in thepast史无前例的This centuryhas witnessedenvironmental destructiononanunprecedented scale.

3.lifespan:the lengthof timefor whicha person,animal,or thingexists寿命The projecfslifespan isestimated atabout fiveyears.

4.hygiene:the degreeto whichpeople keep themselves ortheir environmentclean,especially topreventdisease卫生状况Poor standardsof hygienemean that the diseasespreads fast.生殖

5.fertility:of animalsand plantsthe qualityof beingable toproduce youngor fruit力^fertility symbol延伸阅读But evenwhile the global populationreaches newhighs,demographers notethe growthrate hasfallensteadily toless than1%per year.This shouldkeeptheworld fromreaching9billion peopleuntil

2037.The UNprojects theglobalpopulationwill peakat around

10.4billion peoplein the2080sandremain atthat leveluntil

2100.但即使全球人口达到新高，人口统计学家指出，增长率已稳步下降至每年不到1%在2037年之前全球人口应该无法达到90亿人联合国预测，到2080年代，全球人口将达到约104亿人的峰值，并将保持在这一水平，直到2100年Most ofthe

2.4billion peopleto beadded beforetheglobalpopulation peakswill beborn insub-Saharan Africa,according tothe UN,marking a shift awayfrom Chinaand India.根据联合国的数据，在全球人口达到高峰之前增加的24亿人口中，大部分将出生在撒哈拉以南非洲I,这标志着从中国和印度的转移Reaching an8billion globalpopulation“is an occasion tocelebrate diversityand advancementswhileconsidering humanitysshared responsibilityfor theplanet,UN SecretaryGeneral AntonioGuterressaid inthe UNstatement.联合国秘书长安东尼奥・古特雷斯在联合国声明中说，覆盖全球80亿人口“是庆祝多样性和进步的机会，同时考虑人类对地球的共同责任二Having morepeopleonEarth putsmore pressureon nature,as peoplecompete withwildlife forwater,food andspace.Meanwhile,rapid populationgrowth combinedwith climatechange isalsolikely tocause massmigration andconflict incoming decades,experts say.地球上有更多的人给环境带来了更大的压力，因为人们会与野生动物争夺水、食物和空间与此同时，专家表示，人口快速增长加上气候变化也可能在未来几十年内导致大规模移民和地区冲突And whetherits foodor water,batteries orgasoline,there willbe lessto goaround asthe globalpopulationgrows.But howmuch theyconsume isequally important,suggesting policymakerscanmake abig differenceby mandatingashiftin consumptionpatterns.无论是食物还是水，电池还是汽油，随着全球人口的增长，可以流动的东西都会越来越少但他们消费多少同样重要，这表明政策制定者可以通过强制改变消费模式来产生重大影响We watchedthe Saudigame andthought wecan doit-then wejust didit today.We presentAsiaand manysupporters fromAsia supportingus today.This isthe beautyof football.“我们看了沙特的比赛，认为自己可以做到，然后今天就做到了我们向整个亚洲和许多来自亚洲的支持者展示了这一切这就是足球的美妙之处“晨读笔记重点词汇

1.hail:to greetwith enthusiasticapproval欢口乎hailed asa greatsuccess

2.narrative:a storyoradescription of a seriesof events故事；叙述Ifs amoving narrativeof wartimeadventure.

3.conspire:to plansecretly withother peopletodosomething bad,illegal,or againstsomeoneswishes密谋；共谋As girls,the sistersused toconspire witheach otheragainst theirbrother.

4.seismic:having verygreat anddamaging effects造成严重破坏的The newsthatthechairman wouldresign setoff seismicwaves inthe businesscommunity.

5.ecstatic:extremely happy狂喜的,欣喜若狂的The newpresident wasgreeted byan ecstaticcrowd.延伸阅读Japan fanswere infine voicebefore,during andafter thegame.日本球迷在赛前、赛中和赛后都嗓门很大On themetro tothe stadium,Japan supporterTake toldBBC Sportthat hisside wouldwin2-

1.There wasntany realconviction inhis statement,but howright hewas.在前往体育场的地铁上,日本队支持者Take告诉BBC体育，他支持的球队将以2-1获胜他在说这句话的时候并没有那么坚定，但他是多么正确Samurai Bluesupporters werebouncing atthe SportCity stopoutside theground,and itcontinuedinside withthe pocketof fansnear an*Ultra Nippon*flag chanting,singing andbanging theirdrumthroughout thegame.日本队的支持者在体育城站外的地面上蹦蹦跳跳，在场馆内这样的狂欢也在持续，靠近Ultra Nippon（日本国家队后援军团）旗帜的粉丝们在整个比赛过程中不断高呼、唱歌和敲鼓Germany fanswere vastlyoutnumbered anddeafeningly outsung,their onlyreal cheercomingwhen IlkayGundogan scoredfromthepenalty spotfor a1-0half-time lead.德国球迷的数量和现场的欢呼声远不及日本，他们唯一真正的欢呼来自于伊尔凯・京多安从点球点得分时1-0的半场领先Japan failedto havea shoton targetintheopening period,but scoredwith twoof theirthree effortsinthe secondperiod tocomplete asuperb turnaround.日本队在开局阶段未能射门，但在第二节的三次努力中有两次得分，完成了一次精彩的逆转Cushy cemeteryjob givesChinese universitygraduate work-life balance,no office politics一sparking careersdebate“轻松的”守墓工作使得中国大学毕业生在工作和生活之间获得了平衡，且没有办公室政治，从而引发了职业讨论The decisionofaChinese universitygraduate totake ajob ina cemeteryto achievea betterwork-life balanceand avoidofficepoliticshas shockedmany andtriggered anonline debateon theworkpreferences ofGeneration Zin China.为了更好地平衡工作与生活，避免办公室政治，中国一名大学毕业生决定到墓地工作，这一决定震惊了许多人，并在网上引发了一场关于中国Z世代工作偏好的讨论The woman,surnamed Tan,22,became thetalk ofmainland socialmedia afterproudly sharingvideoimages ofher“peaceful workplace-a mountainsidecemetery inwestern ChinasChongqingmunicipality—on Douyin,the Chineseversion ofTikTok,last week.这名22岁的女子姓谭，上周她在抖音（中国版TikTok）上自豪地分享了她的〃宁静的”工作场所——位于中国西部重庆市的一处山坡墓地——的视频，之后她成为了中国内地社交媒体上的热门话题“Let meshow youthe workingenvironment ofa GenZ gravekeeper.Its asimple andcushy job.There arecats anddogs andthe internet,“said Tan,who livesinanonsite dormitorywith hercolleagues.“让我带你们看看z世代守墓人的工作环境这是一份简单而轻松的工作这里有猫有狗，还有互联网”谭说，她和同事们住在单位的宿舍里Describing theposition as“a lifeofearlyretirement”,she saidthe joboffers ampleleisure time,ascenic viewand anenvironment freefrom officepolitics—not tomention nolong commute.她将这份工作形容为“提前退休的生活”，她说，这份工作提供了充足的休闲时间与风景优美和不受办公室政治影响的环境——更别提通勤时间短了晨读笔记重点词汇

1.cushy:very easy轻松的；容易的；舒适的I wishI hada nicecushy joblike her.

2.cemetery:an areaof groundin whichdead bodiesare buried公墓,墓地He wasburied ina privatecemetery.

3.scenic:having orallowing youto seebeautiful naturalfeatures风景优美的We tookthe scenicroutehome.

4.commute:a regularjourney betweenworkandhome上下壬旺往返；通勤Ifs atleast anhourscommute to work.延伸阅读Because Ilive here,I jokinglycall myselfa gravekeeper,,,9she said.她说“因为我住在这里，所以我戏称自己为，守墓人Her dutiesinclude receivingguests,selling tombsand sweepinggraves onbehalf ofrelatives ofthedeceased.她的职责包括接待客人、卖墓地和代表死者亲属扫墓Tan ispaid amonthly salaryof about4,000yuan US$

560.She workssix daysa weekfrom

8.30amto5pm dailywith atwo-hour breakfor lunch.谭女士的月薪约为4000元560美元她每周工作6天，每天从早上8点半工作到下午5点，中间有两个小时的午休时间According togovernment data,the averageannual incomein Chongqinglast yearwas33,800yuan,which roughlytranslates to2,800yuan amonth.根据政府发布的数据，重庆去年的平均年收入为

3.38万元,大致相当于每月2800元Her videowent viraland manynetizens weresurprised that,asafresh graduate,Tan chosesuch ajobgiven thatcemeteries aregenerally consideredunlucky andunpleasant placestowork.她的视频在网上走红，很多网友对谭女士作为一名应届毕业生选择这样一份工作感到惊讶，因为墓地通常被认为是不吉利和令人不快的工作场所But aneven greaternumber ofnetizens reactedwith empathyand support,perhaps reflectingagrowing cultureof slackingoff7at workamong GenZs on the mainland.但更多的网友对此表示同情和支持，这可能反映了中国内地Z世代愈演愈烈的“摆烂”职场文化Steve Jobs,old Birkenstockssell for nearly$220,000史蒂夫・乔布斯曾穿过的勃肯牌拖鞋售价近22万美元Steve Jobsleft anindelible footprintonthetechnology industry.Now,a differentkind oflegacy-inthe formofa“well-used“pair ofBirkenstocks thatstill retainhis feetsimprints-has fetchedarecord-breaking priceat anauction.史蒂夫・乔布斯在科技行业留下了不可磨灭的印记现在，另一种遗产——一双他“常穿的”，仍然保留着他的脚印的勃肯牌拖鞋——在拍卖会上以破纪录的价格成交A suedepair ofthe belovedGerman sandals,worn bySteve Jobsinthe1970sand1980s,sold thisweekfornearly$220,000,the highestprice everpaid fora pairof sandals,according toan auctionhouse.据一家拍卖行称，一双史蒂夫・乔布斯在二十世纪七八十年代穿过的深受其喜爰的德国产的绒面革拖鞋本周以近22万美元的价格售出，创下了一双凉鞋拍卖价的最高纪录“The corkand jutefootbed retainsthe imprintof SteveJobs feet,which hadbeen shapedafter yearsofuse,“Juliens Auctionssaid inthe listingon itswebsite.朱利安拍卖行在其网站上发布的清单写道“这双由软木和黄麻纤维制成的鞋垫上保留了史蒂夫・乔布斯的脚印，这是他穿过多年后形成的”The lateJobsworethe BirkenstockArizona sandalswhile pacingthe floorsoftheCalifornia housewherehe andSteveWozniakco-foundcd Applein

1976.The sandals,which retailtoday for$125,were expectedto sellfor$60,

000.Sold withan accompanyingNFT toan unnamedbuyer,the finalsaleprice cameto$218,750,Juliens said.已故的乔布斯曾穿着这双勃肯牌“Arizona”拖鞋在加州房子的地板上走来走去，1976年，他和斯蒂夫・沃兹尼亚克在那里共同创立了苹果公司这款拖鞋如今的零售价是125美元，而这双拖鞋曾预计能卖到6万美元朱利安拍卖行表示，这双拖鞋加上NFT一并卖给了一位未透露姓名的买家，最终成交价为218750美元晨读笔记重点词汇

1.indelible:Indelible memoriesor actionsare impossibleto forget,or havea permanentinfluenceoreffect.（记忆或行为）不可磨灭的，忘不掉的In his20years workingfor thecompany,Joe Pearsonmade anindelible impressionon it.

2.imprint:anoccasionwhen anobject presseson somethingand leavesa mark压痕,痕迹Thebutton hadleft animprint onmy arm.

4.suede:leather thatis slightlyrough totouch andis notshiny绒面革；（仿）鹿皮Albert worea brownsuede jacketand jeans.

5.sandals:a lightshoe,especially wornin warmweather,consisting ofa bottompart held凉鞋onto thefoot bystrapsa pairof sandals。