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学年第二学期高三第二次模拟考试2024英语考试时间分钟，满分分请将答案填涂在答题纸上
1051151.Grammar andVocabularySection ADirections:After readingthe passagebelow,fill in the blanksto makethe passagecoherent andgrammatically correct.For theblanks with a given word,fill ineach blankwith theproper formof thegivenword;for theother blanks,use onewordthat best fits each blank.河马Baby Hippoin ThailandGets OfficialSong forWorldwide FansAbaby hippoin Thailandbecame famousearlier thisyear whenzoo workerspublished imagesand videos of her侏儒河马，online.Now thepygmy hipponamed Moo Deng,has anofficial songand videoreleased1several languagesfor herfans worldwide.Moo Denglives atKhao KheowOpen Zoo,southeast of the Thaicapital,Bangkok.Zoo workerAtthapon Nundee2post sweetmoments of the animalslife for the past few months.During thattime,thehippo hasreceived widespreadattention onsocial media.Fans of the animalhave expressed3theyenjoy watchingthe pinkcheekedbaby activelyinteract withher mother and otherzoo workers.Moo Deng-which means“bouncy porkin Thai-is akind ofmeatball.The name,chosen byfans onsocial media,炖制的is similarto4of hertwo brothers:Moo Toonstewed porkand MooWaansweet pork.Moo Dengspopularity hasspread internationallyand shehas gainedthe attentionof someprofessionalsports teams.Fans sayher namefits herlively personality.Moo Denglikes to“deng orbounce,and herbouncing表情包.behavior hasled tocountless internetmemesThe widespreadpublicity leda wellknownThai poser5write aspecial songfor Moo Deng.Thelively50second song,called,naturally,Moodeng,6release byone ofThailands biggestrecording panies.GMM Musiclast week.A musicvideo7goes alongwith thesong showsthe babyhippobouncing around,playing withher keeper,or spendingtime withher mother,Jona.Moo Dengis nowfour monthsold.Officials estimatedthe babyhippo hasbrought in about3,000to5,000visitors adayon average8it becamepopular online.The zoohas beenselling clothes,bedding andotherproducts basedon Moo Deng.The zoosdirector,Narongwit Chodchoi,said theadditional earningsfrom MooDengwill helpthe zoos9breed programsfor manyendangered animals,like thepygmy hippo,which isthreatened byillegalhunting andloss ofhabitat.Pygmy hipposare nativeto WostAfrica,but expertssay考查名词词义辨析句意蒂尔尼说，这也可能导致儿童出现更高水平的症状承诺；症》A.mitment B.symptoms犬；C.expectations期望；D.consciousness意识根据下文u symptoms of depression,anxiety andstress v和u Other可知，此处指儿童studies have suggested thatdaughters are more affectedby theirmothers healthproblems thansons出现更高水平的症状故选B【题详解】33考查名词词义辨析句意她说，这可以解释为什么这种影响只出现在女儿身上影响；A.effect B.挣扎；摩擦；模仿根据上文struggle C.friction D.imitation“Daughters whose mothers wereover age30at the time可知，母亲年龄对女儿的影响故选of4had significantlyhigher levels of stress,depression andanxiety”A【题详解】34考查形容词词义辨析句意西澳大利亚大学的另一位研究作者、博士莫妮克•罗宾逊说“同样重要的是要记住，这项研究考察的是痛苦的症状，而不是临床诊断”最初的；最终的；一A.initial B.ultimate C.general般的；临床的根据上文可知，此处与临床诊断形成对比，指的是痛苦的症状D.clinical“symptoms ofdistress”故选D【题详解】35考查形容词词义辨析句意这可能是年长母亲的后代更容易出现一些抑郁、焦虑和压力的症状，但这并不一定意味着他们会患上可诊断的精神疾病稀有的；可治疗的；可诊断的；A.rare B.treatable C.diagnosable D.不可逆转的根据上文irreversible“It couldbe that the offspringof older mothers are at risk for a few more symptoms可知，这并不一定意味着他们会患上可诊断的精神疾病故选of depression,anxiety andstress,but”CSection BDirections:Read the following threepassages.Each passageis followedby severalquestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themthere are four choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Choose theonethat fitsbest according to theinformation given in the passage youhave justread.AWhy,in aworld wherewe technicallyproduce enough food tofeed everyone,do millions of peoplego to bed hungryeachnight Thestatistics aretragic,and sucha contradictionshould haveno placein ourmodern world.The UNssecond sustainabilitygoal,Zero Hunger/9is anambitious planto endhunger in the worldby
2030.However,the globalscale of the hungerstaggers theimagination,and itsgetting worse.According toWorld Vision,asmany as828million people,or10%of theglobal population,are sufferingfrom foodinsecurity.What arethe drivingforcesbehind thisproblem of hungerArmed conflictis one.It forcespeople awayfrom their homes,ruins economiesand turnsmillionsofpeople into（难民）refugees whobee relianton aidand luckfor theirdaily needs.Extreme weather events also drive world hunger bydestroyinghomes andmaking farmlandunusable.Finally,around30percent of the worldsfood islost orwasted annually.Food lossoccurs whenfood isdamaged orspoiled whilemoving through the supply chain.Food wastehappens whenindividuals,supermarkets orrestaurants buymore foodthan theyneed andthrow awaythe unnecessary.Despite theseterrible facts,World HungerDay isntjust aboutbad news.Founded in2011by the Hunger Project,肖除）World HungerDay isalso aboutcelebrating solutionsthat willeliminate Qstarvation.In Africa,the HungerProject has been workingto encouragemore sustainableand efficientfarming methods.Forexample,by diversifyingtheir crops,farmers willhave healthiersoil.Furthermore,since farmersneed access to safe,cleanwater,the HungerProject teachespeople howto monitor,maintain andrepair watersystems.The UNWorld FoodProgramme aids farmers by helping them connect to local economies,improve productionmethods andreduce croplosses.And,for children and theweak,they providespecial nutrientrichfoods.So whatcan youdo tohelp eliminateworld hungerAside fromtrying toreduce yourfood waste,keep educatingyourselfand othersabout theissue.Look foropportunities tofeed thehungry inyour ownmunities.Each step,each choice,and eachvoice can help makehunger athing of the past.
36.By“staggers theimagination^^in paragraph2,the authormeans.A.hungry peopleare moreimaginative B.the seriousnessof hungershocks peopleC.Zero Hunger“is impossibleto achieveD.the UNhas predictedthe scaleofhunger
37.Which of the followingis oneof thecauses ofhunger according to the passageA.Some landbees unsuitablefor farmingdue to extreme weather.B.The foodsupplychaindrives peopleto throwaway additionalfood.C.Wars forcerefugees togive up theirhomes and todestroy farmland.D.Some areas are unable to produceenoughfoodfor lackof labourforce.
38.The UNhas beendedicated to the eliminationof starvationby helping.A.invest inlocal economiesB.develop newseeds forfarmersC.increase thevariety ofcrops D.feed thehungry inmunities
39.Which of the followingis thebest titlefor thepassageA.The NewFace ofHunger.B.Climate Changeand FoodCrisis.C.The MarchToward Zero Hunger.D.Hunger:Symptoms,Causes,and Solutions.【答案】
36.B
37.A
38.C
39.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章探讨了全球饥饿问题现状、原因及解决方案，并呼吁个人和集体行动以消除饥饿【题详解】36词句猜测题根据上文“The UNssecond sustainabilitygoal,ZeroHunger/9is anambitious planto endhunger.（联合国的第二项可持续发展目标“消除饥饿”是一项雄心勃勃的计划，旨在到年终结intheworldby20302030世界饥饿问题）和下文According toWorld Vision,as manyas828million people,or10%of theglobal population,（据世界宣明会统计，有多达亿人，即全球的人口，正在遭受粮食are sufferingfrom foodinsecurity.
8.2810%不安全的困扰）”可知，全球饥饿的规模令人震惊，而且情况还在恶化由此可知，staggers theimagination意思是“饥饿的严重性令人震惊”故选B【题详解】37细节理解题根据第三段u Extremeweathereventsalsodriveworldhungerby destroyinghomesandmaking farmland（极端天气事件通过摧毁家园和使农田无法使用，也加剧了世界饥饿问题）”可知，极端天气导致unusable.一些土地变得不适合耕种是饥饿的原因之一故选Ao【题详解】38推理判断题根据倒数第二段“In Africa,the HungerProject has been workingto encouragemore sustainableandefficient farmingmethods.For example,by diversifyingtheir crops,farmers willhave healthiersoil.Furthermore,sincefarmers needaccesstosafe,clean water,theHungerProject teachespeople howto monitor,maintain andrepair watersystems.The UNWorld FoodProgrammeaidsfarmersbyhelpingthemconnecttolocaleconomies,improve production.（在非洲，饥methods andreduce croplosses.And,for childrenand theweak,they providespecial nutrientrichfoods饿项目组织一直在努力推广更可持续和高效的农业方法例如，通过作物多样化，农民可以使土壤更健康此外，由于农民需要获得安全和清洁的用水，饥饿项目组织教人们如何监测、维护和修理水系统联合国世界粮食计划署通过帮助农民与当地经济建立联系、改善生产方法和减少作物损失来援助他们并且，为儿童和体弱者提供特殊的营养丰富食品）”可知，联合国一直致力于通过帮助农民增加作物种类来消除饥饿故选C【题详解】39主旨大意题文章首先介绍了全球饥饿问题的严重性和联合国“零饥饿”的目标，然后分析了饥饿的原因，包括武装冲突、极端天气事件和食物浪费等，最后提出了解决饥饿问题的方案和每个人可以为消除饥饿所做的贡献由此可知，本文主要讲述了全球在迈向零饥饿过程中所面临的挑战、原因和解决方案，所以选项“迈向C零饥饿的征程”最能概括文章主旨，作为标题最合适故选CBTravelling by rail holdsa romanticand oldfashionedappeal that cant bematched byflying or driving.By taking1THE ROCKYMOUNTAINEER2Where:Canada,from Vancouverto Banff,EASTERN ANDORIENTAL EXPRESSJasperand Calgary.Where:From Thailand,through Malaysia,toWhen:In June,which isspringtime in the Singapore.Rockies,plete withbeautiful flowersand plentyWhen:April andMay,for theleast wetweather.of wildlife.Duration:Trips varyfrom twoto eightdays.Duration:Between twoand eightdays travellingHighlights:Youll travelthroughtheheart ofonlyin daylight,staying inluxurious hotels.Southeast Asia.From goldentemples andriceHighlights:Unmatched viewsof theRocky fieldsto bigcities,this luxurioustrainMountains,incredible luxuryat everystage ofshowcases thebest of the countriesit passesthetrip,traditional nativestorytelling,wine through.classes andnatural historyworkshops.3THE GHAN4Where:Australia,from Adelaideto Darwinvia THEROYAL SCOTSMANAliceSprings.Where:Around theScottish Highlandsor all theWhen:Going duringthe wetseason December,way aroundGreat Britain.January willallow youto seemore wildlifeand When:Warmer weatherand upto20hours oftropicalfeatures in the north,though peakseason daylightin Junemakes itthe perfecttime toisusually thewatch birdsflying overmirrorlike lakes,or goinOctober for autumn coloursand therather specialwinter.deermating season.the slowroute,you getto experience and interactwith an area ina pletelydifferent way.Duration:Going straightthrough takes52hours.Duration:Trips can be asshort astwo daysor asThere are getoffpoints fromwhich youcan takelong asseven.tours.Highlights:Possibly themost expensivetrainHighlights:Going throughAustralias Redjourneyin the world.Youll betreated like aCentre withblue skies,red earthand notmuch（王室）.member of the monarchySuperbelse-an unforgettablybeautiful andpeaceful（火车客车厢）cuisine,fine winesand carriagesexperience.that looklike rooms at BalmoralCastle awaitthose willing to part with a minimum of£2350per personfor atwonight trip.
40.The aboveinformation ismainly aimedat.A.selling somepackage tourproductsB.advising peopleto travelbyrailfor businessC.introducing somegreat railwayjourneysD.analyzing theadvantages oftravelling bytrain
41.Ella,whod like to experiencefirstrate serviceand tasteexcellent foodon thetrain,is mostlikely tochoose.A.The RockyMountaineer B.Eastern andOriental ExpressC.The GhanD.The RoyalScotsman
42.What canbe learnedabout thefour routesA.One of the routesruns inmore thanone country.B Winteris theremended seasonfor theGhan.C.The RockyMountaineer onlyfeatures naturalviews.D.The RoyalScotsman is the shortestof thefour routes.【答案】
40.C
41.D
42.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文文章主要介绍了四条很棒的铁路旅行路线【题详解】40推理判断题根据文章第一段“Travelling byrail holdsa romanticand oldfashionedappeal that cant bematched byflyingordriving.By takingthe slowroute,you getto experienceand interactwith anarea ina pletely（乘火车旅行有一种浪漫而老式的魅力，这是乘飞机或开车无法比拟的走慢路线，你可以以一different way.种完全不同的方式体验和与一个地区互动）”和接下来的内容分别介绍了四条很棒的铁路旅行路线，包括它们的地点、时间、时长和亮点等内容可知，这篇短文的主要目的是介绍一些很棒的铁路旅行故选Co题详解】[41细节理解题根据部分The RoyalScotsman“Superb cuisine,fine winesand carriagesthat looklike rooms at Balmoral（对于那些愿意为两晚之旅Castle awaitthosewillingtopartwith aminimumof£2350per personfor atwonight trip.支付每人至少2350英镑的人来说，他们将享受到绝佳的美食、美酒和看起来像巴尔莫勒尔城堡房间的车厢）”可知，想在火车上体验一流的服务，品尝美味的食物，她最有可能选择皇家苏格兰人号列车故选Ella D【题详解】42细节理解题根据部分（地点Eastern andOriental Express“Where:From Thailand,through Malaysia,to Singapore.从泰国出发，经过马来西亚，到达新加坡）”可知，东方快车这条路线跨越多个国家故选Ao（）C（防碎的）In theearly1900s,French chemist,Edouard Benedictus,invented shatterproofglass bychance.But itssignificance and relevance didnt emerge until the car market created the problem forwhich hehad alreadyfound theanswer.Such momentsof serendipity reveal the unpredictable nature of innovation.Yet,even incases wherechance playsarole,as inBenedictuss story,the broaderquestion remains:Are suchdiscoveries trulyborn ofluck,or werethey somehow“in the airj waitingfbr the right person to seize themSome argueallthediscoveries wouldhave beenmade byother people.They believeif the time wasripe inconceptualand technologicalterms,someone wouldhave gotthere sooneror later.This isthe usedand abusedunderstandingof theoriesthat were“in theair,
9.Independently,Charles Darwin and AlfredR.Wallace（the latter15years）behind Darwinarrived at the theoryof evolutionby naturalselection,both countingon similar data.There existedslightdifferences in the theory,but thecoincidences ofthought wereastonishing.This phenomenon,which also exists inbiological evolution,is calledconvergence:two noncloselyrelated speciesdevelop similarfunctional adaptations.Thisoccurs because the environment poses similar survival problems to both,namely similar selective pressures.This isanimportant clue thatcanhelp explain why this dynamic alsoexists in scientific knowledge:There aresimilar selectivepressures and differentresearch groupsthat peteto eup with the solutions.If weanalyze thesteps undertakenthat ledto theresult,we cansee that there were in factsome accidentalelements.The overalldynamic was not accidental,though.Yet isit reallypossible thatall discoverieswere in the airLetus assumeforamoment thatthis istrue andthat themost luckcan dois speeduptheinevitable.All scientistsarc（积累的）standing on the shouldersof thegiants who have gonebefore them,and there is objectivelya cumulativeelementin science.Nevertheless,at somepoint andin theright circumstances,it was the unknownscientists,not thegiants,whomanaged tosee alittle farther.The mindof thegiant wasimprisoned byprior knowledgeand sotrapped within theframework ofestablished habits,research questions,and establishedmethods.The new,littleknown scientist,on theotherhand,will inone wayor anotherhave beenable tobreak freeof thechains ofestablished knowledge.And soit willhavebeen possible for them to imagine other worlds.This suggeststhat it will beinnovators,with their prepared minds,whohave a better chance of making accidental discoveries,namely thatare irregularand unexpected.
43.In paragraph2serendipity“refers to.A.accidental inventionB.emergence ofproblemsC.late recognitionD.chemical innovation
44.The exampleof Darwin and Wallaceis givento illustrate.A.fierce petitionamong biologicalscientistsB.the importantrole ofsimilardatain intentionalresearch C.independent butsimilar solutionsunder sharedpressures D.limited resourcesand technologicaldependency inscience
45.What advantagemight lesserknownscientists haveoverestablished researchersA.Access to advanced tools.B.Freedom fromrigid mindsets.C.Stronger peercooperation.D.Greater fundingopportunities.
46.Which statementbest reflectsthe main idea of thepassageA.All discoveriesare inevitableresults oftechnological progress.B.Serendipity alonedrives groundbreakingscientific achievements.C.Traditional methodsprevent innovationand shouldbe abandoned.D.Major breakthroughsintegrate preparedminds withaccidental opportunities.【答案】
43.A
44.C
45.B
46.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章探讨了科学发现和创新背后的本质【题详解】词义猜测题根据第一段43“In theearly1900s,French chemist,Edouard Benedictus,invented shatterproof（防碎的）glass bychance.But itssignificanceandrelevancedidntemergeuntilthecarmarketcreatedtheproblemfor（世纪初，法国化学家爱德华•本尼迪克特偶然发明了防碎玻璃但直which hehad alreadyfound theanswer.20到汽车市场产生了问题，而他已经找到了答案，这个问题的重要性和相关性才显现出来）”及第二段“Yet,even incases wherechance playsa role,as inBenedictuss story,the broaderquestion remains:Are such（然而，即discoveries trulybom ofluck,or werethey somehowintheair,“waiting fortherightpersontoseizethem使像本尼迪克图斯的故事中那样，运气也起了作用，一个更广泛的问题仍然存在这些发现真的是天生的运气，还是“在空中”，等待着合适的人来抓住它们）”可知，第一段提到偶然发明防碎玻璃，第二段讨Benedictus论“运气是否主导发现”文中恰到承上启下的作用，由此推断划线单词的含义是“不可预测的Such moments创新，发现，偶然的新发现”故选A【题详解】44推理判断题根据第三段u Independently,Charles Darwinand AlfredR.Wallace（the latter15years behindDarwin）arrived atthe theoryof evolutionby naturalselection,both countingon similardata.There existedslight differencesin thetheory,but thecoincidences ofthought wereastonishing.This phenomenon,which alsoexists inbiologicalevolution,iscalled convergence:two noncloselyrelated speciesdevelop similarfunctional adaptations.This occursbecause theenvironmentposes similarsurvival problemsto both,namely similarselective pressures.This isan importantclue thatcanhelp explain why thisdynamic alsoexists inscientific knowledge:There aresimilarselective pressuresand different（查尔斯•达尔文research groupsthat peteto eup with the solutions.（CharlesDarwin）和阿尔弗雷德•华莱士（AlfredR.Wallace）（后者比达尔文晚了15年）各自独立地提出了自然选择进化论，他们都依靠类似的数据理论中存在着细微的差异，但思想上的一致性却是惊人的这种现象也存在于生物进化中，被称为趋同两个不密切相关的物种发展出相似的功能适应这是因为环境给两者带来了相似的生存问题，即相似的选择压力这是一个重要的线索，可以帮助解释为什么这种动态也存在于科学知识中有类似的选择压力和不同的研究小组竞争提出解决方案）”可知，达尔文和华莱士独立提出自然选择理论，依赖相似的数据，且思想惊人的巧合，后文用生物学趋同进化进行类比即不同物种因相似环境压力发展出相似适应性由此推断文中以达尔文和华莱士为例为了说明在共同压力下独立进行研究，但却得出相似的解决方案故选C题详解】[45细节理解题根据最后——段“The new,littleknown scientist,ontheother hand,will inone wayor anotherhave been（另一方面，新出现的、不知名的科学家将会以这样或那able tobreak freeofthechains ofestablished knowledge.样的方式打破既定知识的枷锁）”可知，不太知名的科学家可以摆脱僵化的思维方式故选B【题详解】46主旨大意题根据第一段（防碎的）“In theearly1900s,French chemist,Edouard Benedictus,invented shatterproof（世纪初，法国化学家爱德华•本尼迪克特偶然发明了防碎玻璃）”，第二段glass bychance.20“Such momentsof（这些偶然发现的时刻揭示了创新不可预测的本质）”,第serendipityrevealtheunpredictablenatureofinnovation.三段“This occursbecausetheenvironmentposessimilarsurvivalproblemstoboth,namely similarselective pressures.This isan importantcluethatcanhelpexplainwhythisdynamicalsoexistsinscientificknowledge:Therearesimilar（这是因为环境给两者带来了相似selectivepressuresanddifferentresearch groupsthat petetoeup with the solutions.的生存问题，即相似的选择压力这是一个重要的线索，可以帮助解释为什么这种动态也存在于科学知识中有类似的选择压力和不同的研究小组竞争提出解决方案）”，第四段（然而，真的有可能所有的发现都在空中吗）”及最后“Yet isit reallypossible thatall discoverieswereintheair一段“And soitwillhave beenpossibleforthemtoimagineotherworlds.This suggeststhat itwill beinnovators,with.theirpreparedminds,whohavea betterchanceofmakingaccidentaldiscoveries,namely thatare irregularand unexpected（所以他们有可能想象出其他的世界这表明，有准备的创新者更有可能获得偶然的发现，即非常规的和意想不到的发现）”可知，首段通过偶然发现引发对创新本质的探讨，继而开始论述创新不可预测的本质说明相似问题催生相似解决方案，最后得出核心结论，即重大发现=准备好的头脑+偶然机遇由此得知，全文在探讨科学发现和创新背后的木质，即有准备的头脑和偶然的机会相结合可以创造重大的突破故选DSection CDirections:Read thefollowing passage.Fill ineach blankwithaproper sentencegiveninthe box.Each sentencecanbe used onlyonce.Note that there aretwo moresentences than you need.Global HeatingMaking ExtremeRain andDisastrous FloodingMore LikelyAwarming worldis transformingsome majorsnowfalls overmountains intoextreme rain,worsening bothdangerousflooding as well aslongterm watershortages,a newstudy hasfound.Using rain and snowmeasurements since1950and putersimulations（模拟）forfuture climate,scientists calculated（海拔）that for every degree Fahrenheit theworld warms,extreme rainfallat higheraltitude increasesby
8.3%,accordingto astudy inNature.（水库）47And the rain is not conveniently stored away like snowpack thatcan recharge reservoirs in spring andsummer.It is not justa faroffproblem thatis projectedto occurinthefuture,but thedata isactually tellingus thatifsalready happeningand wesee thatinthedata overthe pastfew decadesJ saidlead authorMohammed Ombadi,aLawrence BerkeleyNational Laboratoryclimate scientist.The studylooked atonly theheaviest rainseach yearover sixdecades inthe northernhalf ofthe Earth,finding thatasaltitude rose,so didrainfall.The biggestincrease inrains werenoticed atabout10,000feet.That includesmuch oftheAmerican west,where Ombadi said its very obvious”,as wellas partsoftheAppalachian Mountains.48About one in four people on Earth live inanarea so close to the mountains or downhill that extreme rainandfloodingwould hit them,Ombadi said.49He mentionedCalifornia departmentof agricultureestimates of$89m incrop and farmanimal lossesfrom thisyears extremerains.But inthe longterm,another problemis water supply.In timesof drought,water managerslike tokeep water levelshigh in reservoirs,which theycan dowith heavysnowpacks because it meltsslowly.50So aswarming causesrainierextremes,society isgoing to have tochoose between cutting water use because of low waterlevels in reservoirs to absorbapossible largesudden mountainrunoff eventor buildexpensive newreservoirs.A.But theycant dothat with heavy rainfall.B.He pointedout theflooding canalso hurtfood production.C.Heavy snowsflooding impactis lessenedbecauseittakes timeto melt.D.Another bighotspot inAsia isthe Himalayas,Tian Shanand HinduKush mountains,withtheAlps alsoaffected.E.Heavy rainin mountainscauses alot moreproblems thanbig snow,including flooding,landslides,etc.,the studyfound.F.These mountainoussystems aresupplying mostofthewater,so anydecreases inwatersupplywould beprettysignificant interms ofwater management.【答案】
47.E
48.D
49.B
50.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了一项新研究发现，全球变暖正在将一些山区的大雪转变为极端降雨，从而加剧了危险洪水和长期水资源短缺的问题题详解】[47根据上文“Using rainand snowmeasurements since1950and putersimulations forfuture climate,scientists calculatedthatforeverydegreeFahrenheittheworldwarms,extreme rainfallat higheraltitude increasesby
8.3%,accordingto a.（根据《自然》杂志上的一项研究，科学家利用年以来的降雨和降雪测量数据以及未来气study inNature1950候的计算机模拟计算出，全球气温每升高一华氏度，高海拔地区的极端降雨量就会增加）和下文
8.3%o”And.（而且雨水并therainis notconvenientlystoredawaylikesnowpackthatcanrechargereservoirsinspringandsummer不像春夏季节可以为水库补水的积雪那样方便地储存起来）”可知，本段主要讲述全球变暖导致高海拔地区极端降雨增加，且雨水与积雪不同，不能方便地储存所以空白处的内容应该与极端降雨带来的问题有关选项“研究发现，山区的大雨比大雪引起的问题耍多得多，包括洪E thereare only2,0003,000of them10leave inthewild.All fourversions ofthe MooDeng songare availableonline.【答案］
1.in
2.has beenposting##has posted
3.how##that
4.those
5.to write
6.was released
7.that##which
8.since
9.breeding
10.left【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道文章报道了泰国一只侏儒河马因其可爱的形象在网络上走红，随后获MooDeng得了广泛的关注【题详解】1考查介词句意如今，名为的侏儒河马已经拥有了一首官方歌曲及视频，该作品以多种语言发布，MooDeng供全球粉丝欣赏语言”表示“用某种语言”，此处表示“用几种语言”故填“in+in severallanguages in【题详解】2考查动词时态句意过去几个月里，动物园工作人员阿塔蓬•农迪一直在发布这只动物生活AtthaponNundee中的温馨瞬间根据时间状语可知，动作从过去开始持续到现在，且有可能继续下去，“forthepastfewmonths”所以可以用现在完成进行时，表示一直在做某事；也可以用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，即发布了动物生活的甜蜜时刻，使河马受到了广泛关注主语为助动词用故Zoo workerAtthapon Nundee,haso填hasbeenposting/has postedo【题详解】3考查宾语从句句意这只动物的粉丝们表示，他们非常喜欢看这只脸颊粉嫩的宝宝与她的妈妈和其他动物园工作人员积极互动空处引导宾语从句，结构完整，意思也完整，所以可以用连接词引导；也可以用that how,表示“他们是多么喜欢看……”，强调喜欢的程度，故填how/that【题详解】4考查代词句意:这个名字是由社交媒体上的粉丝们选出的，与她两个兄弟的名字风格相似炖猪肉Moo Toon和甜猪肉这里是在比较的名字和她两个兄弟的名字，是单MooWaan MooDeng thename数，而她两个兄弟的名字是复数，所以用指代，避免重复，故填those“the namesthose【题详解】5水、山体滑坡等，，符合语境故选E【题详解】48根据上文“The biggestincrease inrains werenoticed atabout10,000feet.That includesmuch ofthe Americanwest,.（在海拔约万英尺的地方，where Ombadisaid“itsveryobvious”,as wellas partsoftheAppalachian Mountains1降雨量增加最为明显这包括美国西部的大部分地区，说“那里非常明显”，以及阿巴拉契亚山脉的部Ombadi分地区）”可知，本段主要列举了降雨量增加明显的地区，空白处应继续列举其他地区选项“亚洲的另D一个热点地区是喜马拉雅山、天山和兴都库什山，阿尔卑斯山也受到影响”符合语境故选D【题详解】49根据上文u AboutoneinfourpeopleonEarthliveinanareasoclosetothemountainsordownhillthatextremerainand（说，地球上大约四分之一的人生活在离山区或下坡很近的地区，flooding wouldhitthem,Ombadisaid.Ombadi极端降雨和洪水会袭击他们）”和下文uHe mentionedCalifornia departmentof agricultureestimates of$89m incrop（他提至加利福尼亚州农业部估计，今年的极端降雨导致andfarmanimal lossesfrom thisyears extremerains.lj,农作物和家畜损失万美元）”可知，空白处的内容应该与极端降雨和洪水对农业或粮食生产的影响有关8900选项“他指出，洪水还可能损害粮食生产”符合语境故选B B【题详解】50根据上文“In timesof drought,water managerslike tokeep waterlevels highinreservoirs,which theycan dowithheavy.（在干旱时期，水资源管理者喜欢保持水库的高水位，他们可以用厚厚的积雪snowpacks becauseit meltsslowly来做到这一点，因为积雪融化得很慢）”和下文“So aswarming causesrainier extremes,society isgoing to have tochoosebetweencuttingwaterusebecause oflowwaterlevelsinreservoirstoabsorb apossible largesudden mountain（因此，随着气候变暖导致极端降雨增多，社会将不得不在减少用runoff eventor buildexpensive newreservoirs.水以应对水库水位低以吸收可能发生的突然大量山区径流，或者建造昂贵的新水库之间做出选择）”可知，空白处的内容应该与大雨对水库水位管理的影响有关，且与上文形成对比选项“但是大雨做不到这一点”A符合语境，其中that指代上文中的keep waterlevels highinreservoirsv故选AIII.Summary Writing（）
51.Directions:Read thefollowing passage.Summarize themainideaand themain pointsofthepassagein nomorethan60words.Use yourown wordsas faras possible.Keys toSuccess inThis CEOsEyesAs founder,chairman andCEO,Ragy Thomashasbeensuccessful inleading apany from a mereidea toamultibilliondollar softwarepany.So,what arehis keysto successThomas willtell youits notenough tobe atechnologyvisionary.Youve gotto have the leadershipskills tomatch yourbig ideas.First,Thomas insiststhat hisapproach tolife ingeneral iswhat oftensets himapart.Were avillage of7billionpeople,and whereyou areis notwhat makesyou happyor controlslife,its howyou approachit.He saysthis bigpicture,optimistic mindsetenables himto recognizeproblematic patternsin customercare andfind outpotential solutions.Thomass forwardthinking mindset also has helped him embrace the fact that rapidly advancing technology opens newdoors through which businesses and consumers can interact ina whole new way.By usingtechnological advances,such as（筛选）AI,to siftthrough informationand integratingmultiple channelsof municationinto aunified platform,Thomassays,hes beenabletorevolutionize customercare.Thomas sayshe hatesfailure butloves theprocess oflearning thates afterfailure.When facedwiththetopics ofsuccess,failure and the manyrisks involvedin startinga business,Thomas saysJTve neverasked myself,Why meIvealways askedmyself Whynot meBy buildingstronger connections,easier accessibilityand bettercustomerfacing（基砒!设施）,infrastructure hebelieves thatsoon everypany onthe planetwill wanthis product.These days,Thomass jobis lessabout thedaily todos and more about setting goals and empowering others to besuccessful.He wantsto puthappiness atthe coreof whathe does,not justwith clientsbut withhis ownemployees.Whenspeaking abouthis employees,he says,“Its importantfbr methat youdo welland not just dogreat work.”【答案】Ragy Thomas,CEO ofa successfulpany,owes hissuccess tostrong leadershipskills.First,his bigpicturemindsetguides himto solve problems and revolutionize business with technologicaladvances.Second,he viewsfailure asa learning opportunityand believesin himself.Besides,he focuseson settinggoals andempowering employees,and（）emphasizes happiness in work.55words【解析】【导语本文是一篇议论文主要围绕成功关键展开，以为例，阐述了他认为成功不仅需要技术Ragy Thomas远见，还需领导力，以及他在心态、对待失败等方面的成功之道【详解】要点摘录
1.
①Thomas willtell youits notenough tobe atechnology visionary.Youve gotto have the leadershipskills tomatch yourbigideas.
②Were avillage of7billion people,and whereyou areisnotwhat makesyou happyor controlslife,ifs howyouapproach it.”Thomass forwardthinkingmindsetalsohashelpedhimembracethefactthatrapidlyadvancingtechnologyopensnew3doorsthroughwhichbusinessesandconsumerscaninteractinawholenewway.Thomas sayshe hatesfailure butloves theprocess oflearning thates afterfailure.4These days,Thomass jobis lessabout thedaily to dosandmoreaboutsettinggoalsandempoweringotherstobe5successful.He wantsto puthappiness atthe coreof whathe does,notjustwith clientsbut withhis ownemployees.6缜密构思
2.将第、要点整合为心态方面对成功的作用；第要点单独阐述对待失败的态度；第、要点整合为工作重23456点和理念遣词造句
3.Ragy Thomasbelieves successneeds bothtechnology visionand leadershipskills.His bigpicture mindsethelps himsolveproblems andrevolutionize businesswithtechnology.He viewsfailure asalearningchance andhas selfconfidence.He focuseson settinggoals,empowering employeesand emphasizeshappinessinwork.［点睛］［高分句型］（用1Ragy Thomas,CEO ofa successfulpany,owes hissuccess tostrong leadershipskills,is了同位语，简洁地介绍了人物身份，同时清晰地表明核心观点，引出下文对成功因素的阐述）［高分句型］2First,his bigpicture mindsetguides himto solveproblemsandrevolutionizebusinesswith technological.（运用了的结构，准确地概括了心态对他在解决问题和推动业务革新方面的作用）advances“guide sb.to dosth.”IV.TranslationDirections:Translate thefollowing sentencesinto English,using thewords giveninthebrackets.我表姐每次旅行回来，都会买一些有当地特色的纪念品（）（汉译英）
52.Every time【答案J Every time my cousin es back froma trip,she buyssome souvenirswith localcharacteristics.【解析】【详解】考查状语从句表示“每次”应用everytime,引导时间状语从句；表示“我表姐”应用mycousin；表示“旅行回来”应用e backfrom atrip,此处陈述经常性的动作，使用一般现在时;表示“她”应用she；表示“买”应用buy；表示“一些当地有特色的纪念品”应用some souvenirswith localcharacteristics；主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式故翻译成Everytimemycousinesbackfromatrip,she buyssome souvenirswithlocal characteristics.
53.如今，有些年轻人为了能够自由支配时间，选择灵活就业（freedom）（汉译英）【答案】Nowadays,some youngpeople chooseflexible employment in order tohavethe freedom to spend their time.【解析】【详解】考查动词时态表示“如今”应用nowadays；表示“一些年轻人”应用some youngpeople；表示“选择”应用结合时间状语可知，使用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用原形；表示“灵choose,nowadays活就业”应用flexibleemployment；表示“为了”应用in orderto；表示“能够自由支配时间”应用havethe位于动词不定式符号后面，使用原形故翻译成freedom tospend theirtime,tohaveNowadays,some youngpeoplechoose flexibleemploymentinordertohavethefreedomtospendtheirtime.毋庸置疑，我们不可过度依赖人工智能，而应善用其作为工具，辅助我们的生活、学习和工作
54.（）（汉译英）assist【答案】No doubtwe shouldntrely toomuch on artificial intelligence but rather make good use of it asa tool to assist inour life,study andwork.【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词表示“毋庸置疑”应用nodoubt；表示“我们”应用we；表示“不可”应用shouldnt；表示“过度依赖”应用relytomuchon,位于情态动词后面，使用动词原形；表示“人工智能”应用artificialintelligence；表示“而应”应用butrather；表示“应善用其作为工具”应用make good此处为客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为用原形；表示“辅助我们的生活、学习和useofit asa tool,we,make工作”应用此处为动词不定式作目的状语故翻译成assist inourlife,study andwork,No doubtwe shouldntrelytoo muchonartificialintelligencebutrathermakegooduseofitasatooltoassistinour life,study andwork.
55.为抵御台风来袭，志愿者们正顶风冒雨，挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内（regardless of）（汉译英）【答案】To defend against the approaching typhoon,the volunteersare going door to door regardlessofthewind andrain,reminding theresidents tomove theirpotted plantsindoors.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词“抵御”使用动词短语此处表示目的，使用动词不定式defendagainst,作目的状语，“台风来袭”译为现在分词作定语，“志愿者theapproaching typhoon,approaching们”使用名词复数“挨家挨户”使用动词短语此处表示正在进行的动作，使用现在volunteers,gdoor todoor,进行时，“顶风冒雨”使用介词短语“提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内”译为regardless ofthewind andrain,remind the和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故翻residents tomove theirpotted plantsindoors,volunteers译为To defendagainst theapproachingtyphoon,the volunteersare goingdoortodoor regardlessofthewind andrain,reminding theresidents tomove theirpotted plantsindoors.V.Guided Writing假设你
56.Directions:Write anEnglish positionin120150words accordingtotheinstructions givenbelow inChinese.是中华中学的学生近日，你参观了一个关于中国传统文化的展览，深受启发你决定写一封感谢信给展览主办方，内容包括A你参观展览的时间和感受；＞展览中你最喜欢的部分及原因；＞你对文化传承的看法及感谢注信中不得透露你的真实信息【答案】Dear Siror Madam,I amWang Xin,a studentfrom ZhonghuaHigh School.I visited your exhibition on Chinese traditional culture lastweek and was deeply impressed by the rich displays.The exhibitsallowed meto learnabout ancientart formsandhistorical customsinanengaging way.What Iliked bestwas theinteractive section,where Icould trymy handat traditionalpapercutting.This handsonexperiencehelped meappreciate theskill andcreativity ofthe craftsmen,and itmade theculture feelalive.In myview,cultural heritagemust becherished andpassed on,as itconnects differentgenerations andreminds usofour roots.I wouldliketoexpress myheartfelt gratitudeto youfor organizingsuch aninspiring event.Thank youfor allyourefforts inpromoting ourvaluable traditions.Sincerely,Wang Xin【解析】【导语】本篇是应用文写作近日，你参观了一个关于中国传统文化的展览，深受启发，要求考生写一封感谢信给展览主办方【详解】词汇积累
1.展品一display exhibit技能skill—technique观点一view opinion感激一gratitude appreciation句式拓展
2.简单句变复合句原句I visitedyour exhibitionon Chinesetraditional culturelastweekandwasdeeply impressedby therichdisplays.拓展句When IvisitedyourexhibitiononChinesetraditionalculturelastweek,I wasdeeplyimpressedby therichdisplays.【点睛】[高分句型l]What Iliked bestwas theinteractive section,where Icould trymy handat traditionalpapercutting.（引导的主语从句）what[高分句型2]In myview,cultural heritagemust becherished andpassed on,as itconnects differentgenerations and（引导的原因状语从句）reminds usof ourroots.as考查非谓语动词句意广泛的宣传促使一位著名的泰国作曲家为创作了一首特别的歌曲MooDeng.是固定短语，意为“导致某人做某事；使某人做某事故填lead sb.todosth towrite【题详解】6考查动词时态语态句意:这首活泼的秒歌曲，自然而然地被命名为《》，由泰国最大的唱片公司50Moodeng之一发行句子主语与之间是被动关系，即这首歌被发布，且根据时间状语The lively50second songrelease last可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态过去分词，主语是单数故填week”was/were+was releasedo【题详解】7考查定语从句句意与这首歌配套的音乐视频展示了小河马蹦蹦跳跳、与饲养员玩耍或与妈妈相处的温Jona馨画面空处引导定语从句，先行词指物，需用关系代词引导故填A musicvideo,which/that which/thato【题详解】8考查连词句意官员们估计，自从这只小河马在网络上走红以来，平均每天吸引了约至名游客前30005000来参观表示“自从……以来”应用引导时间状语从句故填since since【题详解】9考查形容词句意动物园园长纳隆威特•乔乔伊表示，带来的额外收入将帮助动物园开展许多濒危MooDeng动物的繁殖计划，比如侏儒河马就面临着非法狩猎和栖息地丧失的威胁空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词故填programs breeding【题详解】10考查非谓语动词句意侏儒河马原产于西非，但专家表示，野外现存的侏儒河马数量仅剩至头20003000空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，和为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式故填0nly2,0003,000of themleaveleftSection BDirections:Fill ineach blankwithaproper wordchosen from the box.Each wordcan onlybeusedonce.Note that there isoneword morethanyouneed.A.cultivate B.dependence C.generating D.insufficient E.learnableF predictorG.quitting H.restriction I.underlying J.widespreadK.windThe Importanceof WillpowerNomatter whatyour goalsare inlife,willpower isof greatimportance.Willpower isalso ofcriticalimportance forbehavioral change.Whether youre11a badhabit,trying toget in shape,or struggling with procrastination（拖延症）,youll needwillpower.Of course,Im allabout usingstrategies toreduce our12on willpower,but youcannotremove the need for willpower entirely.（）A steady,disciplined useof willpowermight seemlikean13of personalfreedom,but it isnot.If14willpower leavesyou aslave tobad habitsand addictions,then yourenot reallyfree.If youcant gatherthewillpower toovere procrastinationand earnabetterlife fbryourself,then yourenot reallyfree.To15true freedom,youllneed willpower.Importantly,research hasshown thatselfcontrol is16,When researchersteach peoplewith poorselfcontrolthe strategiesused bythose with high selfcontrol,the poorselfcontrol subjectsimprove.Willpower isnot fixed;it canbe developedthrough strategyand practice.People wholearn tomaster willpowerbee activeagents inlife,and discoverthat they are responseablein everysituation.And thisapplies totheir behaviorsaswellas theiremotions.Walter Mischeldescribed selfcontrolasthemastertalent917emotional intelligence,essential fbrconstructing asatisfying life79Its hardto findanyone whosays thatwillpower doesntmatter.Yet,despite the18agreement about how importantwillpoweris,there isvery littleagreement inthe scientificmunity abouthow willpower actually works.（棉花软糖）Walter Mischelistheman behindthe famousmarshmallow test”andtheauthor ofa bookby thesamename.His researchappeared toshow thatyoung childrenwith highselfcontrol19up doingbetter as high schoolers andadults,but morerecent researchhas provedthis findingwrong,showing thatthe willpower levels of young children are notagood20of latersuccess.This makessense becausethe prefrontalcortex-the areaofthebrain responsibleforwillpower-is poorlydeveloped inyoung childrenanddoesnt finishdeveloping untilearly adulthood.【答案】
11.G
12.B
13.H
14.D
15.A
16.E
17.
118.J
19.K
20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文文章主要讨论了意志力的重要性，包括其在行为改变、培养真正自由以及情绪智力等方面的作用题详解】rn考查动词句意无论你是在戒除一个坏习惯、努力保持健康的体型，还是在与拖延症作斗争，你都需要意志力分析句子成分可知，空处考查动词形式担当谓语动词；根据空后的以及下文“abadhabit”tryingto getinshape,or（拖延症）”可推测，空处意为“戒除坏习惯、改掉坏习惯”；选项strugglingwithprocrastination Gquitting”意为“戒除”，与此相符故选G【题详解】12考查名词句意当然，我完全支持运用各种策略来减少我们对意志力的依赖，但你无法完全消除对意志力的需求分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当不能有；根据下文“but youcannot removetheneedfor willpowerentirelyv可推测，空处意为“依赖”选项Bdependence”，名词，意为“依赖”，符合句意故选B【题详解】13考查名词句意始终如一地、有纪律地运用意志力，这可能看起来像是对个人自由的一种限制，但实际上并非如此分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语；根据上文u Asteady,disciplined useof willpower可推测，始终如一地、有纪律地运用意志力看起来是对个人自由的限制选项名词，意为H restriction,“限制”，符合句意故选H【题详解】14考查形容词句意如果意志力不足让你成为坏习惯和成瘾行为的奴隶，那么你并不是真正的自由分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式修饰名词；根据下文可推测，空处指“willpower”slave tobad habitsand addictions的是“不充足的”选项D“insufficient”，意为“不充足的”符合句意故选D【题详解】15考查动词句意要培养真正的自由，你需要意志力分析句子成分可知，空处考查动词原形；根据下文youUlneedwillpower.可推测，空处意为“培养、养成”；选项Acultivate”，动词原形，意为“培养”，符合句意故选Ao【题详解】16考查形容词句意重要的是，研究表明自我控制是可以学习的分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式担当表语；根据下文^Willpower isnot fixed;it canbe developedthrough strategyandpractice.,,可知，意志力是可以习得的选项E“learnable”，意为“可学习的”，符合句意故选E【题详解】17考查动词句意将自我控制描述为“构成情商的‘核心才能，对于构建令人满意的生活至关重Walter Mischel要”分析句子成分可知，空处考查动词的非谓语动词形式；根据空前和空后“the fastertalentemotionalintelligence可推测，空处意为“构成”选项I“underlying”，意为“是……的基础”，符合句意故选I【题详解】18考查形容词句意然而，尽管人们普遍认同意志力的重要性，但在科学界，对于意志力究竟是如何起作用的，却很少达成共识分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式修饰名词；根据下文thereisvery littleagreement inthescientific munityabouthowwillpoweractuallyworks.v中的“little”可推测,空处的意思与此相反选项J“widespread”，意为“普遍的”，符合句意故选J【题详解】19考查动词句意他的研究似乎表明，自我控制能力强的幼儿在成为高中生和成年人后往往表现得更好，但最近的研究证明这一发现是错误的，研究表明幼儿的意志力水平并不能很好地预测他们日后的成功分析句子成分可知，空处考查动词形式担当谓语动词；根据下文“but morerecent researchhas provedthis findingwrong,showing可推测，他的研究结果和下文不同，也thatthewillpowerlevelsofyoungchildrenarenot agood10of latersuccess.”就是说自我控制能力强的幼儿在成为高中生和成年人后往往表现得更好选项K“wind”，构成短语“windup”，意为“提升”，符合句意故选K【题详解】20考查名词句意他的研究似乎表明，自我控制能力强的幼儿在成为高中生和成年人后往往表现得更好，但最近的研究证明这一发现是错误的，研究表明幼儿的意志力水平并不能很好地预测他们日后的成功分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式；根据上一句叩His researchpeared toshow thatyoungchildrenwithhighselfcontrol9updoing betterashighschoolersandadults v以及“but”可知，幼儿的意志力水平并不能很好地预测他们日后的成功选项，意为“预测”，符合句意故选F predictor”FIL ReadingprehensionSection ADirections:For eachblank inthefollowingpassage therearefourwords orphrases markedA,B,Cand D.Fill ineachblankwiththeword orphrase thatbestfitsthe context.The daughters,but notthe sons,of women who givebirth atage30or olderare more likely toexperience symptoms ofdepression as young adults,accordingtoresearch publishedbytheAmerican PsychologicalAssociation.Tearne,a doctoralstudent atthe University of Western Australia andlead authorofthestudy,and hercolleagues（怀孕的）analyzed datafromtheWestern AustralianPregnancy CohortStudy.Pregnant womenwere selectedinto this（子女）study,and providedpsychological
21.Their offspringthen underwentpsychological22at variousages overthe next23years.In thisstudy,the researchers23selfreported levelsof varioussymptoms of depression,anxiety andstress from1,200oftheoffspring atage20and paredthem withthe ageofthemother andfather atthe timethechildren wereborn.Daughters whosemothers wereover age30atthetime of24had significantlyhigher levelsof stress,depression andanxiety pared with daughters whosemothers were under age
30.However,the fathers1age atthat particulartimehad noeffect,and therewasnoeffect foundfor25While theexact causeof thisrelationship isnot clear,Tearne saidshe suspectsitisnot necessarily26假设“One hypothesisis that27may occurinthemotherdaughter relationshipbecause ofa largeage differencebetweenthe twoJ saidTeame.It may be thata30or moreyear agedifference betweenmother anddaughter leadsto asignificant difference inthe28systems.That maycause29intherelationship,leading tostress,worry andsadness inthechild,particularly duringthe transitionto youngadulthood.”Another possible30may be thatthe womenwho gave birth over age30would bein their50satthetimetheir childrenwere assessed.Therefore,theyaremorelikely tobeexperiencing healthproblems associatedwith
31.This couldalso leadto higherlevelsof32inthe children,Tearne said.Other studieshavesuggestedthatdaughters aremore affectedby theirmothers healthproblems thansons.This couldexplainwhythe33only appearsindaughters,she said.」“It isimportant toremember,too,thatthestudy examinedsymptoms ofdistress,rather than34diagnosis saidMoniqueRobinson,PhD,oftheUniversityofWesternAustralia,another authorofthestudy.It couldbe thatthe offspringofoldermothersareatriskforafewmoresymptoms of depression,anxiety andstress,
21.A.association B.adjustment C.support D.information
22.A.consultation B.intervention C.assessment D.treatment
23.A.looked atB.went afterC.responded toD.persisted in
24.A.promotion B.graduation C.marriage D.birth
25.A.sons B.mothers C.daughters D.grandchildren
26.A.temporary B.biological C.subjective D.psychological
27.A.transitions B.difficulties C.interactions D.petitions
28.A.value B.blood C.education D.security
29.A.mistakes B.limits C.tensions D.distractions
30.A.exception B.equivalent C.foundation D.explanation31A.ineB.promotion C・aging D.exercising
32.A.mitment B.symptoms C.expectations D.consciousness
33.A.effect B.struggle C.friction D.imitationbut thatdoes notnecessarily meanthey willexperiencean35mental disorder.”
34.A.initial B.ultimate C.general D.clinical
35.A.rare B.treatable C.diagnosable D.irreversible【答案】
21.D
22.C
23.A
24.D
25.A
26.B
27.B
36.A
29.C
30.D
31.C
32.B
33.A
34.D
35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了美国心理学会发表的一项研究,性研究表明，岁及以上生育的女30所生的女儿在年轻时更容易出现抑郁症状题详解】21考查名词词义辨析句意怀孕的女性被选入这项研究，并提供心理信息协会；A.association B.adjustment调整；C.support支持；D.information信息根据上文uThe daughters,but notthe sons,of womenwho give和下文birth atage30or olderaremorelikelytoexperience symptomsofdepressionasyoungadults”可知，这个实验是有关心理方面的研究，“selfreported levelsof varioussymptomsofdepression,anxiety andstress”怀孕的女性被提供心理方面的信息故选D【题详解】22考查名词词义辨析句意在接下来的年里，她们的子女在不同年龄接受了心理评估23A.consultation咨询；B.intervention干预；C.assessment评估；D.treatment治疗根据下文uat variousages overthe next23years”和uselfreported levelsof varioussymptomsofdepression,anxiety andstress v可知，她们的子女接受了心理评估故选C【题详解】23考查动词短语辨析句意在这项研究中，研究人员观察了名子女在岁时自我报告的抑郁、焦虑和压120020力等各种症状的程度，并将其与父母在孩子出生时的年龄进行了比较观察；追逐；A.looked atB.went afterC.回应；坚持根据下文responded toD.persisted in“selfreported levelsof varioussymptomsofdepression,anxiety and可知，研究人员观察了子女自我报告的抑郁、焦虑和压力等各种症状的程度故选stress A【题详解】24考查名词词义辨析句意与母亲年龄在岁以下的女儿相比，母亲在分娩时年龄超过岁的女儿在压力、3030抑郁和焦虑方面的水平明显更高提升；毕业；婚姻;出生根据上A.promotion B.graduation C.marriage D.birth文”可知，此处指母亲在分娩时年龄超过岁的女儿paredwithdaughterswhosemotherswereunderage330故选D【题详解】25考查名词词义辨析句意然而，父亲的年龄在当时并没有影响，对儿子也没有影响儿子；A.sons B.mothers母亲；女儿；孙子根据上文可知，此处指对儿C.daughters D.grandchildren“The daughters,but notthe sons”子没有影响故选A【题详解】26考查形容词词义辨析句意虽然这种关系的确切原因尚不清楚，但蒂尔尼表示，她怀疑这不一定是生物学上的原因暂时的;生物的;主观的；心理的根据下文A.temporary B.biological C.subjective D.psychological“It may可知，蒂尔尼怀be thata30or moreyear agedifference betweenmother anddaughter leadstoasignificant difference”疑这种关系不一定是生物学上的原因故选B题详解】[27考查名词词义辨析句意蒂尔尼说“一个假设是，由于母亲和女儿之间的年龄差异较大，母女关系中可能会出现困难过渡；困难;互动;比赛根据下文A.transitions B.difficulties C.interactions D.petitions^leading tostress,worry andsadness inthechild,,可知，母女关系中可能会出现困难故选B【题详解】28考查名词词义辨析句意母亲和女儿之间岁或更大的年龄差异可能会导致价值体系的重大差异30A.价值；血液；教育；安全根据前文value B.blood C.education D.security“It maybethata30or moreyear age和下文difference betweenmotheranddaughter leadstoasignificantdifference“leading tostress,worry andsadness in可知，年龄差异会导致价值体系的重大差异，从而给孩子带来压力、担忧和悲伤故选the child”A【题详解】29考查名词词义辨析句意这可能会导致关系紧张，导致孩子压力、担忧和悲伤，特别是在向年轻成年过渡期间错误；限制；紧张；分心根据下文A.mistakes B.limits C.tensions D.distractions“leading tostress,worry and可知，母女关系紧张会导致孩子压力、担忧和悲伤故选sadness inthechild”C【题详解】30考查名词词义辨析句意另一个可能的解释是，岁以上生育的女性在孩子被评估时已经多岁了3050例外；等价物；基础；解释根据下文A.exception B.equivalent C.foundation D.explanation“maybethatthewomen可知，止匕处提供了另一who gavebirth overage30would bein their50satthetimetheir childrenwereassessed”个可能的解释故选D题详解】[31考查名词词义辨析句意因此，她们更有可能出现与衰老相关的健康问题收入；提升；A.ine B.promotion C.衰老；锻炼根据上文可知，aging D.exercising^thewomenwhogavebirthoverage30would bein their50s”50多岁的女性更有可能出现与衰老相关的健康问题故选C【题详解】32。
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