中考报刊热点时文+语法精炼02（冠词用法重难点）

第讲中考报刊热点时文+语法精选精炼（冠词用法重难点）02人/报刊时文阅读题源、g人金“让孩子多亲近自然，孩子的心理会更健康Woodland givescity kidsbetter mental healthChildren who live near woodland in a city have better mental health than children who do not.Researchers saychildren who visitand experiencethe great outdoors everyday developbetter thinking skills.They alsohave alower riskofbehavioural andemotional problems.Lead authorof theresearch MikaelMaes,from University College London,talked abouthis research.He said:These findings contribute toour understandingof the natural environmentas animportant protective factorfor[a childs]cognitive（认知的）development and mental health.Another reportauthor,Professor KateJones,said seeingand hearingthe sounds of nature provides psychological（心理的）benefits for children.In thefour-year study,researchers studied3,568children agedbetween9and15at31schools inLondon.Theyexamined thelinks betweenthe natural environment andthinking skills,mental healthand overallwell being（整体健康）.The researcherscalculated how going to woodland and parks,and nblue space like rivers,lakes andthe sea,affectedchildrens health.They askedchildren to take memory-based tests.The childrenwho visitedwoodland everyday scoredhigher on the tests.They alsohad a17per centlower risk of emotional and behavioural problems.Mr Maesrecommendedall childrenexperience nforest bathing11or forest therapyn.This isbeing immersed（浸A）in thesights,sounds andsmells ofa forest*.练习I TRUE/FALSE判断正误

1.The articlesays childrenwho livein citieshave poormental health.

2.Children whospend timein the greatoutdoorshave better thinking skills.

3.The researchis froma universityof forestryin Canada.

4.A professorsaid the sounds of nature benefitchildren psychologically.

5.Researchers lookedat themental healthof over3,500children.

6.The researcherssaid woodlandwas betterfor childrenthan the sea.

7.Children whowent towoodlands didbetter onmemory-based tests.

8.A researchersaid foresttherapy wasmuch betterthan forest bathing.阅读理解II MULTIPLECHOICE

1.What experiencedid researcherssay helpedchildrenA.work experienceB.experience of the greatoutdoorsC.planting onemillion treesD.taking partin theresearch

2.What dochildrenwho visit woodlandhave alower riskofA.visiting citiesB.green fingersC.behavioural andemotional problemsD.not gettingto university

3.What isthe universitythat conductedthis researchA.Tokyo UniversityB.MITC./;the D./;/作业11Is thereold supermarketon BridgeStreetA.a;the B.an;theC.the;/D.an;/作业12We havelunch halfpast twelve.A.a;at B.an;at C./;at D.the;in答案解析人念题模精选题模一不定冠词及用法例【答案】a worker;a European country【解析】考查不定冠词的使用要根据冠词紧接的词的首字母发音，而不是字母例

1.L2【答案】an,a【解析】考查不定冠词的使用要根据冠词紧接的词的首字母发音，而不是字母题模二定冠词及用法例121【答案】C【解析】考查定冠词的使用特指“你借给我的那本书”，故选C例122【答案】D【解析】考查定冠词及不定冠词的使用句意看，有只猴子正在吃苹果恩，这只猴子真可爱第一个空，指“一个苹果”，用第二个空指代上文中提到过的猴子，用故选D题模三零冠词及用法例【答案】D【解析】考查零冠词的使用球类运动前不加冠词，故选D例1・3・2【答案】A【解析】考查零冠词及不定冠词的使用力加交通工具表达交通方式时，不加冠词，但是由动词柩氏加交通工具时，则需要用冠词，故选A人7起随堂练习随练

1.1【答案】B【解析】考察冠词泛指“一个‘‘使用a/an,单词eraser[I leizn]以元音音标开头，所以使用an随练

1.2【答案】A【解析】考察冠词泛指“一个”使用a/an,单词university[jum V3si ti]发音为辅音开头,所以使用a o随练

1.3【答案】A【解析】考察冠词泛指使用且以元音开头使用an,特指使用the随练

1.4【答案】A【解析】Apple为元音音素，用an随练

1.5【答案】A【解析】冠词，考查冠词的特殊用法，在音乐乐器前需加冠词〃26随练

1.6【答案】an arm;an eye;a book;an umbrella【解析】考查不定冠词的使用要根据冠词紧接的词的首字母发音，而不是字母随练L7【答案】B【解析】冠词，乐器前加所e,球类运动用零冠词【答案】

1.an animal;

2.an ear;

3.a bike;

4.an x;

5.an hour;

6.a university【解析】考查不定冠词的使用°要根据冠词紧接的词的首字母发音，而不是字母°作业2【答案】

1.an;

2.an,a;

3.an;

4.a,an【解析】考查不定冠词的使用要根据冠词紧接的词的首字母发音，而不是字母作业3【答案】B【解析】考查冠词泛指“一个”使用a/an,字母“”发音为元音开头，所以使用an作业4【答案】C【解析】冠词，根据句意“一个”可知用不定代词，alarm©«m］以元音音标开头，故用an作业5【答案】B【解析】冠词，字母以元音音标开头，故用an作业6【答案】D【解析】考查冠词泛指使用不定冠词a/an,ID［,aidi:］元音音标开头使用an,特指使用the作业7【答案】A【解析】考查冠词的使用小e是定冠词，指上文提及的，故选A作业8【答案】B【解析】冠词，根据乐器可知前面需要冠词〃26,后句属于固定用法p/oy Mess故选项B正确作业9【答案】B【解析】冠词，根据固定用法可知p/ay第二个属于固定用法，故选项B正确作业10【答案】B【解析】考查冠词的使用西洋乐器前要加定冠词加e,球类运动前不加冠词，固定用法，故选B作业11【答案】D【解析】考查冠词O/d为元音因素词，因此用a%Z打是街道名称，因此前面不加冠词作业12【答案】【解析】介词，吃午饭/zaue及在时间点前面GC.Cairo UniversityD.UniversityCollege London

4.What dothe studysfindingscontribute to researchers1understanding ofA.children B.the naturalenvironmentC.woodland educationD.science

5.What benefitsdid aprofessor saythesoundsofnaturegave childrenA.psychological benefitsB.hands-on benefitsC.survival skillsD.the benefitsof seeingbirds

6.How manychildren didresearchers lookat in their studyA.3,568B.3,658C.3,586D.3,

8657.What didthe researcherscall rivers,lakes andseasA.mind refreshmentB.open waterC.wet D.blue space

8.What kindsof testsdid childrentakeA.tree-climbing testsB.bird-name testsC.memory-based testsD.botany tests

9.What otherterm fornforestbathingis usedin thearticleA.forest washingB.forest showeringC.forest mindfulnessD.foresttherapy

10.What doesforestbathingimmerse peopleinA.puddles,dew andmistB.sights,sounds andsmells ofa forestC.bird songand animalcriesD.the wonderof leaves完形填空III CLOZEChildrenwholivenearwoodlandin acityhavebettermentalhealththanchildrenwhodonot.Researchers saychildrenwhovisitand1thegreatoutdoors everyday developbetterthinkingskills.They2have alower riskofbehavioural andemotional problems.Lead authorof theresearch MikaelMaes,from UniversityCollegeLondon,3hisresearch.He said:These findings4our understandingofthenaturalenvironmentas animportantprotective5for[achilds]cognitive developmentandmentalhealth.1Another reportauthor,Professor KateJones,said seeingand hearingthesoundsofnatureprovidespsychological6forchildren.In thefour-year study,researchers studied3,568children agedbetween9and15at31schools inLondon.Theyexamined thelinks7thenaturalenvironment andthinkingskills,mentalhealthand overallwell-being.The researchers8howgoing towoodlandandparks,and“bluespacelikerivers,lakes andthesea,affected childrenshealth.Theyasked childrentotakememory-based tests.The childrenwho visitedwoodland everyday scoredhigheron thetests.Theyalso had a17per cent9riskofemotionalandbehaviouralproblems.Mr Maesrecommended10children experienceforestbathing*or foresttherapy

1.This is“being immersedin thesights,sounds andsmells ofa forest.

1.A.forget B.experience C.recall D.like

2.A.never B.also C.ever D.once

3.A.laughed atB.carried outC.doubt about□.talked about

4.A.agree withB.contributetoC.lie inD.come out

5.A.idea B.factor C.way D.wonderC.benefits

6.A.hopes B.damages D.mistakes

7.A.amid B.among C.between D.over

8.A.surprised B.denied C.calculated D.estimatedD.lower

9.A.higher B.similar C.farther

10.A.all B.some C.no D.most答案

1.TRUE/FALSE

1.F

2.T

3.F

4.T

5.T

6.F

7.T

8.FII MULTIPLECHOICEl.B

2.C

3.D

4.B

5.A

6.A7,D

8.C

9.D

10.BIII CLOZEl.B

2.B

3.D

4.B

5.B

6.C

7.C

8.C

9.D

10.A译文亲近自然会让孩子心理健康居住在城市林地附近的儿童比远离林地的儿童有更好的心理健康研究人员说，每天去户外游玩并体验户外活动的孩子会发展出更好的思维能力他们在行为和情绪方面也有较低的出问题的风险来自伦敦大学学院的研究报告的主要作者迈克尔・梅斯谈到了他的研究他说“这些发现有助于我们理解自然是［儿童］认知发展和心理健康的一个重要保护因素另一位报告作者凯特・琼斯教授说，看到和听到大自然的声音对儿童的心理有好处在这项为期四年的研究中，研究人员对伦敦31所学校的3568名9至15岁儿童进行了研究他们研究了自然环境与思维技能、心理健康和整体幸福感之间的联系研究人员计算了去林地、公园以及河流、湖泊和海洋等“蓝色空间”对儿童健康的影响他们让孩子们参加基于记忆的测试每天去林地的孩子试中得分更高他们在情绪和行为上出问题的风险也降低了17%o梅斯先生建议所有的孩子体验“森林浴或“森林疗法”这是“沉浸在森林的景色、声音和气味中”父总语法精讲精炼»猫词用法重点难点要点精讲归纳、典题训练巩固、答案详细解析冠词是说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词，置于名词之前，它不能离开名词而单独存在冠词的分类不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词

一、不定冠词

1.不定冠词的搭配不定冠词有a和an两个，表示“一个，一类或一，可以说是单数名词的帽子，用于单数名词之前冠词包括区别举例a book;a ruler,a universitya用于辅音音素开头的单词前不定冠词an egg;an umbrella;an applean用于元音音素开头的单词前

2.不定冠词的用法用法例句当第一次提到某人或某物时，用a或an一What isthis这是什么起介绍作用—It isa bus.这是一辆公共汽车指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物A boy is lookingfor you.一个男孩儿正在找你I have a mouth,a noseand twoeyes.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有我有一张嘴，一个鼻子和两只眼睛one强烈Lucy and I goto schoolsix daysa week.我和露西每周表示“每”，相当于every上六天学Mr.and Mrs.Shute hada daughtercalled Jane.Then theyhadasecond child-a son.用在序数词前，表示“又一”、“再一”舒特夫妇有一个女儿名叫简不久，他们又有了一个小孩一一个儿子用于可视为一体的两个名词前a knifeand fork一副刀叉---Did yousee thefootball matchlast night你看了昨晚的足球比赛了吗？当名词被such,so,many等词修饰时，不定冠---Yes,I havenever seensuch anexciting matchbefore.词放在这些词之后看了，我之前从没看过这么精彩的比赛

3.不定冠词常用在某些固定词组中，如:a lotof许多,大量inaa little一点儿a few一些，少数几个make aface做鬼脸have agoodhurry匆忙a numberof have a cold感冒a许多haveapair of一对have aswim=swim havea walk=walktalk=talktime过得愉快havealook=look

二、定冠词定冠词只包含一个“the”，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义区别于不定冠词，定冠词具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物

1.定冠词的基本用法用法举例The bookon the desk isa storybook.特指某（些）人或某（些）事物（特指桌上的那本书）Lefs meetat thebus station.指说话人与听话人彼此所熟悉的人或事物（双方都知道的那个汽车站）—Whafs this复述上文提过的人或事物---Its aschoolbag.The schoolbagis LiuTaos.表示世界上独一无二的事物the sun太阳；the moon月亮；the sky天空在序数词、形容词最高级前Shanghai isone ofthe biggestcities inChina.习惯用法中in themorning;in theafternoon;in theevening

2.定冠词的其他用法主要用法举例与单数名词连用表土类事物，或与形容词或分词the dollar美元;the fox狐狸；连the living生者；the rich富人用，表示一类人用于表示方向或方位的名词前the east东方；the left左边the RedSea红海；用于江河海洋，山脉群岛，海峡海湾的专有名词前the Himalayas喜马拉雅山用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、the PeoplesRepublic ofChina中华人民共阶和国；级等专有名词前the UnitedStates美国She canplay thepiano.用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前她会弹钢琴the Greens用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人格林一家人（或格林夫妇）

三、零冠词零冠词是指名词前面没有不定冠词（a/an）、定冠词（the）,也没有其他限定词的现象

1.零冠词的基本用法主要用法举例Chinese foodis alsovery popularin America.中国食物在美国同样非常受人欢迎国名，人名前通常不用冠词Shakespeare isthe authorof Romeoand Juliet.莎士比亚是《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的作者名词前有this,that,my,your,whose,some,This ismy hat.这是我的帽子any,no,each,every等词时，不用冠词I haveto domy homework.我得做我的作业在表示交通工具、学科名称的名词前不by plane乘飞机by boat乘船加冠词on foot走路Chinese语文在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等Spring iscoming.春天要来了表示时间的名词之前，一般不用冠词We goto schoolfrom Mondayto Friday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称刖，have breakfast吃早饭；play chess玩象棋不加冠词at home在家at first起初at last最后at once立亥Uat noon在中午at work在工作on time准时at night在晚上在一些固定词组中不加冠词in school在上学in class在课上in bed在床上for example例如go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/戈1」船/钓鱼

2.不用冠词的其他情况主要用法例句They areteachers.泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词他们是教师Failure isthe motherof success.抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词失败乃成功之母Man cannotlive withoutwater.物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意人离开水就无法生存思时，需要加定冠词President Bush布什总统；在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词Professor Smith史密斯教授I cantwrite withoutpen orpencil.没有当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词钢笔或铅笔，我就写不了字人度三点剖析

一、重难点冠词是用在名词前起辅助作用的词，要注意冠词不会单独出现冠词用法比较复杂，一定要掌握不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词不同的使用情况

二、易错点

1.不定冠词a用在辅音音素前，而不是用在辅音字母前；an用在兀音音素前，而不是用在兀音字母前如aEuropean,a university,an hour,an honest boy

2.零冠词中，国名、人名前不加冠词，是指单纯词形式的词，如England,America,Frank；不能是合成词，如the UnitedStates ofAmerica o

3.当由介词by加交通工具表达交通方式时，不加冠词（但是由动词口履加交通工具时，则需要用冠词），例如by bus=take abus;by taxi=take ataxi7届题模精选题模一不定冠词及用法例用a或an填空1worker

2.Europeancountry例LL2用a或an完成句子Would youlike appleor pear题模二定冠词及用法例L2・l.I reallylike bookyou lentme yesterday.A.a B.an C.the D./例

1.

2.

2.---Look!There isa monkeyeating appleinthetree.---En,monkey isvery cute.A.a;a B.a;theC.an;an D.an;the题模三零冠词及用法例

1.

3.

1.We oftenhave sportsafter class,andI like to play basketball.A.a B.an C.the D./例

1.

3.2,---Will youget thereby train---No,ril taketaxi.A./;a B.a;the C.D.the;a人“葭随堂练习随练

1.1There iseraser onthedesk.A./B.an C.a D.the随练

1.2The tallboyismy cousin.He isuniversity student.A.a B.an C.the D.随练

1.3There isIphone5on mytable.Iphone5is madein America.A.an;the B.the;AC.an;A D.a;An随练

1.4This isapple.apple isgood.A.an;The B.the;AnC.an;A D.the;A随练

1.5David isvery clever.She canplay violin.A.the B.an C.a D./随练

1.6用a或an填空

1.arm

2.eye

3.book

4.umbrella随练

1.7Lily likesto playguitar inher freetime butTony likestoplaysoccer.A.a;the B.the;/作业1用a或an填空

1.animal

2.ear

3.bike

4.X

5.________hour

6.________university作业2用a或an完成句子

1.There is old manunder thetree.

2.Tom ishonestboy.He isgoingtouniversity inLondon.

3.Give meegg,please.

4.This isteacher.He isEnglish teacher.作业3Whafs thisin English-Its acar.It5soldcar.A.a B.an C.the D./作业4There isalarm clockonthetable.Ifs anew one.A.the B.a C.an D.has作业5There is“o inthe wordfourteen.A.a B.an C.the D.作业6This isID card.ID cardis Toms.A.a,A B.an,AC.the,The D.an,The作业7There isa factorynear thefarm.Many peoplework infactory.A.the B.a C.an D./作业8一Tom,do youlike playingpiano一No.Ilike playing chess.A.a,the B.the,/C./,the D.the,a作业9My sisterlikes playingpiano,but shedoesn9t likeplaying tennis.A,不填，the B.the,不填C.不填，不填D.the,the作业10I dontlikeplayingviolin athome.Lefs playbasketball atschool.。