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1.since结构公式现在完成时一般过去式/过去的时间状语+since+1Ive knownmy bestfriend sincewe werein highschool.瞬间动词不能直接和的完成时连用
2.for,since瞬间动词变成延续动词1borrow—keep2buy-----------------have3catch acold——_have acold一4die bedead5fall asleep—be asleep6fall ill-----be ill7join-----------------be in8leave-be away9marry——be married10start——be on11end——be over
3.have beenVS have gone总结:_去过—（去了已经回来）have beento表示—去了（去了还没回来）havegoneto（始终呆在一个地方）have beenin特别句型
4.序数词+现在完成时a.It/This+is+n+It is the firsttime thatIve seensuch awonderful performance.这是我第一次看到如此精彩的表演最高级现在完成时b.It/this is+/the best/the worst/the mostinteresting/the only+n.+Get away!istheonly wordsthat shehas eversaid tome.女神对我说的唯一一句话是“滚开”现在完成时和过去时区别
5.总结现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，不与具体过去时间状语连用；一般过去时说的是过去发生的或已经结束了的动作，它和现在没有直接关系，即使事实上和现在有关系，说话时也不强调这种关系，而只是指出那个动作发生在过去某一时间到目前为止总次数用现在完成时强调某一次动作用一般过去时VAttentionV常置于句末，等一般置于助动词之后，过去分词之前Yet,so fa1alieady,just,ever,neve1have/has★真题试炼★（•江苏镇江.统考中考真题）
1.2023Tea wasborn inChina over4,000years ago.Now itpart ofpeopleslife aroundthe world.A.became B.has becomeC.was becomingD.become（•辽宁丹东•统考中考真题）
2.2023We friendssince Icame tothis school.A.are B.were C.will beD.have been（•江苏宿迁•统考中考真题）一
3.2023My fatherand Ia lotof photosat thesame placein thepast tenyears.一Those photosmust beyour valuablememories.A.have takenB.will takeC.take D.were taking
4.（2023・北京•统考中考真题）Eric manythings sincehe becameinterested inscience.A.is learningB.was learningC.will learnD.has learnedA.reads B.has readC.is readingD.was readingPastPerfectTense（•河北•统考中考真题）
5.2023This bookmust begreat.My sisterit fivetimes.结构公式had done时间状语过去时间by+The familyof Dashwoodhad longbeen settledin Sussex.Their estatewas large,and theirresidence wasat NorlandPark,in thecentre of their property,where,for manygenerations,they hadlived inso respectablea manneras toengagethe generalgood opinionoftheirsurrounding acquaintance.达什伍德家在苏塞克斯定居，可有些年代了家里置下一个偌大的田庄，府第就设在田庄中心的诺兰庄园祖祖辈辈以来，一家人一直过着体面日子，赢得了四近乡邻的交口称誉Sense andSensibility过去完成时用以表示到过去某一时间动作已完成或延续到某一过去时间的动作或状态，也就是说发生
1.在“过去的过去”标志性时间状语为过去时间点by+His motherhad goneto work by the time hearrived home.如果两个动作发生在过去有明显的先后顺序，最先发生的用过去完成时
2.He askedif MrGilberts operationhad beensuccessful andthe doctortold himthat ithad been.★真题试炼★（•河北沧州•校考二模）
6.2023Jim wasupset.When hegot tothe airport,his flightoff.A.take B.took C.had takenD.has taken（•上海普陀•统考二模）
7.2023Michael hiswork beforehe wentto bed.A.will finishB.finishes C.had finishedD.has finished（•上海奉贤•统考二模）
8.2023By theend oflast term,the studentsof GradeNine threeprojects.A.finished B.would finishC.have finishedD.had finished（•辽宁抚顺•统考二模）
9.2023He toplay thepiano beforehe was10years old.A.has learnedB.learned C.learns D.had learned（•上海金山•统考二模）
10.2023By thetime wegot tothe station,the trainfor tenminutes.D.had beenawayPast FutureTenseA.has leftB.has beenaway C.had left结构公式一would do结构公式二was/were goingto do时间状语等soon,the nextday,the nextmonth,the nextyear表示过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态，即“站在过去说将来，★真题试炼★（•江苏无锡•统考中考真题）
11.2023Hey,Aunt Jenny!Its you!I didntexpect youover.What anicesurprise!A.had comeB.have comeC.would comeD.will come
12.（2023・江苏无锡•江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考三模）Months agoIran andKSA werein agreementthatthey alongwith eachother.A.got B.get C.were gettingD.would get（•甘肃陇南•统考二模）
13.2023The radiosaid thatit cloudythe nextday.A.will B.was C.would beD.are（•江苏无锡•模拟预测）
14.2023The presidentpromised hehimself theopening ceremony.A.attended B.had attendedC.would attendD.will attend
15.・（2023•上海嘉定•统考二模）The managersaid thathe themeeting iftoo manypeople wereabsent.A.canceled B.would cancelC.will cancelD.had canceled\芈在安成进行时Present PerfectProgressive Tenst结构公式have/has beendoing时间状语现在时间一段时间,等so far,since+for+all morning（仔细考虑）In myyounger andmore vulnerableyears myfather gaveme someadvice thatIve beenturning overinmy mindever since.Whenever youfeel likecriticizing anyone Jhe toldme Jjust rememberthat allthe peoplein thisworldhavent hadthe advantagesthat youvehad.”The GreatGatsby现在完成进行时是现在完成时态和进行时态的结合，既有现在完成时态的特点，也有进行时态的特点主要表示一个持续到现在的动作；表示动作的重复；表示长时间做某事；表示感情色彩现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作,而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作，强调动作的
1.持续性，因此有“未完成”的含义试比较（我读过这本书）I haveread this book.（我一直在读这本书）I have been readingthisbook.VAttentionV）有少数动词（如等）在表示持续一时间时用这两种时态含义差不多（只1work,study,live,teach,stay是用现在完成进行进更强调动作的持续性）How longhave youworked[been working]here你在这儿工作多久了？自年以来我就一直住在这儿1988I havelived here/have beenliving heresince
1988.）现在完成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩2我等了两小时（陈述事实）—Ive waitedfor2hours我等了两个小时（等得望穿秋水）I have been waitingfor2hours.）不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时3我认识她刚刚两天—I havejust knownher fortwo days.他们结婚已二十年了_They have been marriedfor tenyears.）现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，但可用现在完成时的被动语态代替4这房子已漆了一个月一这个问题已被研究了The househas beenpainted for a month//We havebeen paintingthis houseforamoath・五天）现在完成时现在完The problemhas beenstudied for5days/We havebeen studyingthis problemfor5days.5成进行时异同现完现完进已完成q X未完成N+for/since...«+fbr/since...情感X q被动语态q X除不能用进行时的（心V适用动词理情感结果V；V；V；（有不能用瞬since/for瞬间）V……间）V★真题试炼★（,甘肃陇南•校联考模拟预测）一
16.2023Where ismother—She isin thekitchen.She thehousework allmorning.C.has doneD.has beendoing
17.（2023•山东・统考一模）一I calledyou lastnight at9:30and Ibelieved yoube athome becausenoone answeredthe phone.一Sorry,I atthat time.A.mustnt;would havebeen sleepingB.couldnt;should havesleptC.couldnt;must havebeen sleepingD.might not;need havebeen slept（.安徽阜阳•统考一模）
18.2021My fatherin apanda protectioncenter for10years.A.was workingB.is workingC.has beenworking D.will working（春•全国•九年级专题练习）
19.2021Housing prices_since afew yearsago.Therefore,ifs timethecentral governmentsome effectivemeasures tobring themunder control.C.havebeenincreasing;takes D.havebeenincreasing;tookA.have increased;would takeB.have increased;will take（春•九年级单元测试）
20.2022We.busy preparingfor theSchool ArtFestival sincelast week.A.were B.are C.will beD.have beenPastPerfectProgressiveTense结构公式had beendoing时间状语过去时间，过去时间by+before+表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到另外一个过去时间的动作，这个动作在当时仍在进行并可能继续延续下去去年他戒烟了他抽烟已经年30He quit/gave upsmoking last year.He had been smokingfor30years.将来完成时Future PerfectTense O结构公式will havedone时间状语将来时间；将来时间，时间点若是从句，要用一般现在时before+by+表示在将来某一时间点以前已经完成或一直持续的动作I amsure hewill havefinished hisworkby thetimeyou arethere.时态Summary一般进行完成完成进行现在works is/am/are have/has have/has beenworkingworked working过去worked was/were workinghad workedhadbeenworkingwill/shall work将来will beworking willhave willhavebeenworkingis/am/are goingtoworkedwork•••过去将来would beworking wouldhave wouldhave beenwouldwork was/wereworked workinggoingto work...根据“标志词”确定时态
1.短语所对应时态短语所对应时态一般现、一般过now howoften一般现、现进现完、现完进at thistime yesterdayhow long过去进行现完lastyear/month sincewhen一般过过by theend/time of+现完过完in thepast threeyears去时间将bytheend/time of+现在进行讲完Watch out!来时间根据语境确定时态
2.1—Excuse me,sir.Smoking isnot allowedhere.——Oh,sorry TB.A.dont knowB.didnt knowC.havent knownD.cant know2——Your phonenumber againI Aquite catchit.Its
7226109.A.didnt B.wont C.dont D.cant3—Alice,why didntyou comeyesterday——I C,but Ihad anunexpected visitor.A.had B.wouldC.was goingto D.did4——Mom,4plus4is9,right——Honey,I Cyou wrong.A.think//were B.thought//were C.think//are D.thought//are5——Darling,I amsorry.I_B_you comingtomorrow morning,so Ididnt preparedinner foryou.A.think//were B.thought//were C.think//are D.thought//are在英语里有些动词与时态有着特定的对应关系，如（看见），see结果类动词不能用进行时（听见），hear（找至）find IJ表示机器不能正常常用work do/doesn^运行、运转时；work表示门、窗等不能正open,close,lock常用woiTt open/close常关、开、锁的意思时等，这时它们是/lock以主动形式表示被动意义一Can Ihelp you,sir一Yes.I boughtthis radiohere yesterday,but it_D.A.didnt workB.wont workC.cant workD.doesnt work窗户打不开了，得找个人来修The windowwont open.I needto findsomeone torepair it.〃I needto haveit repaired.。
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