历史人物（原卷版）-2025年中考英语新热点时文阅读

年中考英语新热点时文阅读■历史人物2025题型主要内容阅读理解介绍了“破釜沉舟”的故事12阅读理解介绍了数学家祖冲之3阅读理解介绍了岳飞精忠报国的故事4阅读理解讲述了中国历史上著名的医生李时珍以及他写的《本草纲目》5完形填空讲述了班超带兵出使都善国，在善善国智取匈奴国并得到了割善国国王B的钦佩，成功与都善国签订了条约6短文填空讲述了“三尺巷”的典故7短文填空“退避三舍”的来历和含义8短文填空了齐国派遣晏子去楚国求援的故事9短文填空介绍古代中国的数学家祖冲之10选词填空介绍了汪伦对李白的崇敬之情以及他们的友谊01（九年级上,重庆沙坪坝•开学考试）（战国时期）,24-25At theend of the WarringStates PeriodYing Zhengunifiedsix statesand startedthe QinDynasty.But soon,after his son Huhaibecame the new emperor,the six stateswanted torise again.They wereoften atwar withQin.One day,Zhao couldntwin againstQins armyand asked for helpfrom Chu.The rulerof Chu agreed to send an（副官）.army.Song Yiwas the leader of the armyand Xiang Yu washis deputyWhenthis armyreached atown bythe ZhangheRiver,Song decided to staythere for a while.The soldiershad towaitfor hisorders whilecold andhungry.But Songhimself enjoyednice foodand interestingperformances.About amonthlater,Xiang finallylost hispatience andkilled Song.When hebecame the new leaderof thearmy,Xiang senta groupof soldiersto crossthe ZhangheRiver firstto helpZhao.Xiang thenordered therest of his soldiers,Break all the potsand sinkall theboats.Either yourenemies die,or youdie!,,There wasno wayof turningback.When the soldiers metQins army,they shoutedloudly andfought verybravely.In theend,Xiangs armywon the war.

1.Who unifiedsixstatesat theend of the WarringStates PeriodA.Huhai.B.Xiang Yu.C.Ying Zheng.D.Song Yi.

2.What didChu doafter ZhaoaskedforhelpA.Chu keptsilent and didnt replyto Zhao.B.Chuagreedtosendan army to helpZhao.C.Chu helpedQin to fight againstZhao.D.Chu killedtheleaderof Qin.

3.Why didXiang Yukill SongYiA.Because theyare enemiesfrom differentarmies.B.Because SongYi enjoyedhimself whilehis soldiers were hungryand cold.C.Because Chusemperor orderedXiangYuto doso.D.Because Xiangdidnt wantto crossthe river.

4.What famous Chinese idiomis fromthis story三顾茅庐草木皆兵完璧归赵破釜沉舟A.B.C.D.02（九年级上•福建莆田•期中）23-24Zu Chongzhiwas one of thegreatest mathematiciansin ancient China.Hewas bornduring theNorthern and Southern dynasties.His familywere verytalented.They hadbeen studying（天文学）mathematics andastronomy forgenerations.From ayoung age.Zu wastaught naturalscience,astronomy,（哲学）math,philosophy andso on.The littleboy wasinterested in all of these subjects,especially in math.Zu wasbest knownfor hiscalculation ofpi.According to historical records,he didall thework usingonly woodensticks.It tookhim lotsof timeto work out thevalue-between3,1415926and3,

1415927.No oneat thattime was able to（准确地）calculate itmore accuratelythan Zu.The achievementhas beenrecognized aroundthe world.In orderto（祖率remember Zu,some mathematicianshave suggestedcalling pi“Zu LvZu was also knownfor workingout howto（体积）（球）.calculate thevolume ofa sphereHe didthis with the helpof his son Zu Gengzhi.The tworecorded theirachievementin ZhuiShu.The bookwas usedduring the Tang dynasty.But Zu was successfulnot onlyinmath;he dida goodjob in astronomy,too.He workedout thata yearshould be

365.24281481days longand createdthe Darning Calendar.However,government officialsat thattime didnot agreewithZu.The greatmathematician neversaw hiscalendar put into useafter his death,Zu Gengzhikept onproving that theDarning Calendar was moreaccurate.Almost tenyears later,thenewcalendar wasfinally accepted.Zuwas also an inventor.He oncemade avehicle thatcarried apointer.However thevehicle turned,the pointer（）always pointedto theSouth.Zu alsoinvented the1,000-li Boat.The boatcould travel100li about60kilometers inaday.

1.Whats the best structurefor thetext

2.Which questioncan getthe answerfrom thebook ZhuiShu!A.How to do calculationsusing woodensticksB,How to workout the accuratevalue ofpiC,How tocalculate thevolume ofa sphereD.How toprove thata yearis365,24281481days long

3.The DarningCalendarwasnot immediatelyputinto use because.A.government officialsrefused touse the calendarB,ZuGengzhiproved that the calendar was inaccurateC.the calendarwas hardfor thegeneral publicto acceptD.Zu Chongzhilater discoveredmistakes in thecalendar

4.Which picturemost probablyshows Zu Chongzhis invention趣口A-@B.£C.D.

5.What isthe besttitle of the textA.A greatdynasty in ancientChinaB.The achievementsin ancientChinaC.A storyabout ZuChengzhi and hissonD.Zu Chongzhi^great achievements03（九年级上•内蒙古呼和浩特•期中）23-24Yue Feiis oneof Chinasfamous heroes.When Northern Song（入侵），was invadedYue hadto make a difficultchoice:he wanted to protecthis country,but healso wanted to takecareofhis mother.（汉字）To encouragehim,hismotherwrote fourChinese characterson hisback:jing zhongbao guo.Then YueFeiwent offto war.（朝代）In1127,the JinDynasty invadedKaifeng,the capitalof NorthernSong.The Southern Song Dynastywasfounded then.And Yue Fei ledhis army to fightagainst Jinssoldiers.There weremany soldiersfollowing Yue Fei.If thesemates fellill,Yue wouldbring medicineto themin time.If（奖赏）（皇帝）,they diedin war,Yue wouldhelp theirfamilies.When receivingawards from the emperorYue alwayssharedthose awardswith them.However,a groupof officialsheaded byQin Huitold theemperor thatYue Feimight becometoo powerfuland dosomethingbad to the country.So Yue Fei hadto returnto the capital andall hisrights weretaken away.One yearlater,he was put to death when he was39years old.

1.Why wasit difficultfor Yue Fei to makeachoiceA.Because heworried thathe woulddie inthe wars.B.Because hewondered whether he woulddie inthe wars.C.Because he didnt knowwhetherhecould beat the enemies.D.Because hewantedto take careof bothhis countryand hismother.

2.What canwe knowfromthe passageA.Yue Feicared deeplyfor his mates.B.Yue Feialso treatedwounded patientsC.Yue Feilooked afterall his soldiers9families.D.YueFeialways acceptedgifts fromhismates.

3.What isthe correctorder accordingto thepassagea.Kaifeng wasinvaded.b.YueFeidecidedtogo offto warc.YueFeiwasputtodeathd.The southernSong Dynastywas foundedA.b-a-d-c B.a-b-d-c C.d-b-a-c D.c-a-d-b

4.Which of the followingmay bewritten byYueFei国破山河在，城春草木深人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青A.B.但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月C.D.

5..This passageis writtentoA.carry forwardthe spiritof lovingour country.B・introduce thehistory ofSouthernSongDynasty.C.show thedevelopment ofNorthernSongDynasty.D.tell theways ofbecoming strongerfor acountry.04（•西藏•中考真题）

（一）（药2024Li Shizhen15181593,was a famousChinesemedical scientist,pharmacist学家）（博物学家）（从业人and naturalistoftheMing Dynasty.Li Shizhensgrandfather wasa medicalpractitioner员）who travelledthe countryside,andhis father,Li Yanwen,wasalsoafamouslocal doctor.Grown upinamedicalfamily likethis,he wasreally fondof medicinesince he wasakid.However,hisfatherwanted him to studyfor the（科举考试）（地位）imperial examinationsanddidnot encouragehim topractise medicinedue to the lowsocial statusatthe time.However,Li Shizhendidnt giveup studyingmedicine.When Li Shizhen wasyoung,he enjoyedtraditional Chinesemedicine andbegan toread medical books.He foundmanymistakes inthose books.He worriedthese mistakeswould causeserious problemsor death.So Li（药草）Shizhen decidedto writea newbook.He travelledeverywhere tolook forherbs anddo research.And hetalkedwith farmers,doctors andpatients.He eventested herbson himselfand almostlost hislife manytimes.Li Shizhencollectedand recordedover1,890herbs.He alsoread about900medicalbooks.He workedday andnight.Finally thevaluablework,Compendium of Materia Medicaor BencaoGangmu,came out.Today MateriaMedica hasbeen translatedinto manyforeign languages.It iswidely readnot onlyin Chinabutalso inmany othercountries aroundthe world.（）

1.From thepassage,Li Shizhenis aan.A.artist B.doctor C.traveller D.farmer

2.Which isLi Shizhen^famous work《茶经》《千金方》《本草纲目》《伤寒杂病论》A.B.C.D.

3.Why didLi Shizhenwrite Compendiumof MateriaMedica!A.He wantedto befamous.B.He wantedto be a greatwriter.C.He wantedto savemore people.D.He wantedto makeenough money.

4.Which isTRUE accordingto thepassageA.Li Shizhendidnt likeherbs.B.Li Shizhensgrandfather wasa farmer.C.Li Shizhen^father encouragedhimtobe adoctor.D.Li Shizhenfound manymistakes inthe medicalbooks.（标题）

5.Which isthe besttitle forthepassageA.A Storyof TheHerbsB.Li Shizhenand HisFamilyC.A MedicalScientist ofThe SongDynastyD.LiShizhenand CompendiumofMateriaMedica05（九年级上.山东潍坊.期中）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出可以23-24A BC D填入空白处的最佳选项（将军）During theHan dynasty,there wasa generalnamed BanChao,One day,he wassent to visit Shanshanstate（鄱善国）-near modernXinjiang inthe west.（建立）The]of Banstrip wasto establishgood relationswiththestate.He broughtonly about30soldiers withhim.The Shanshan king metthem kindlyand treatedthem well.At thattime therewasanation calledXiongnu orHun inthe north.It oftenfought2Hans army.A fewdays later,（使者）Xiongnu alsosent messengerswith lotsof soldiersto thestate.They spoke3of Banto the king of（态度）Shanshan.The kingbegan toshow acold attitudetowards Bansgroup.When Bansaw this,he saidto hissoldiers,The Shanshanking is4treating usinafriendly wayany longer.If wedontdo anything,he may5us overto theHuns.If so,we willneither beable tocomplete ourtask6return alive.”The generalsaid,“The Hunshave7soldiers thanwe doand theShanshankingmust supportthem.So wehave nochoicebut8all ofthesoldiersattheHuns armycamp whenthey slept.”At night,Ban ledhissoldiers9to theHuns camp.There,he setfire andbeatthewar drumsloudly.The Hun（激战），soldierswerevery10,After afierce battleBans armykilled more than100enemies.The kingadmired（钦佩）Bansbravery andfeared Banatthe same time.He immediatelysigned apeace treaty（条约）with Ban.

1.A.experience B.purpose C.trouble D.method

2.A.for B.with C.behind D.against

3.A.highly B.warmly C.badly D.coldly

4.A.often B.always C-never D.hardly

5.A.hand B.take C.get D.pass

6.A.nor B.or C.but D.and

7.A.less B.more C.fewer D.weaker

8.A.kill B.save C.to saveD.to kill

9.A.quickly B.secretly C.slowly D.happily

10.A.relaxed B.excited C.frightened D.interested06（2024・浙江温州•三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式Narrow lanesabout twometres wide,or sixchi intraditional Chineseunits,are verycommon in China.（）However,Anhui Province,is perhaps]famous oneof all.（）The storyabout ithappened betweentwo local2family inthe QingDynasty.The Zhangsand the（）Wus,once arguedhow they3divide theline betweentheir homes.They couldntreach anagreement.The Zhangfamilywas angry.Their relativeZhang Yinghad ahigh governmentposition inthecapital,4they wrotehim a letter toaskfor hisadvice.When thereply came,they openedit onlyto find5poem.A letterfrom faraway justforawallIs notright orgood atall.Three chito yourneighbour6a gift.Is nothingas timecontinues todrift.（）（羞愧）（）7wise ZhangYing was!After8read it,the Zhangfamily feltashamed and9move bythis actdeeply.In return,they decidedtodothesamething.They gaveup anotherthree chi.So camethe six-c/zz-wide lanebetweenthe twohouses.（）Hundreds ofyears10pass sincethen and the laneis stillthere.People ofTongcheng stillkeep thepoemin mind.Whenever theywalk downthe lane,they alwaysremember howones kindnessencourages thekindness ofanother.07（九年级上,内蒙古呼和浩特•期中）（退避三舍23-24How longor faris sansheintheidiom tuibi sanshe厂In ancienttimes,she wasa unitof distance.One sheis asfar as30li.One li is500meters and30liis15,000meters.So sansheis45k1（）There isa storybehind thisidiom.During theSpring andAutumn Period770-476BC,Prince Chongerof theJinstate ranaway f2his home state.He wantedto travelto otherstates.Once,he wentto thestate of Chu.King Chengwangof Chusaw hima3an importantguest andserved hima feast（盛宴）.He askedChonger,If yourule thestate of Jin oneday,how wouldyou thankme”It seemsyour statehas e4you want.I havenothing thatyou like,“Chonger said.However,the kingstill askedfor something.Finally,Chonger（撤退）said,“I wouldask myarmyto retreat sansheif weever fight.”Later,Chonger returnedtohishomestate ofJinand becamei5ruler calledWengong.Both ofthe twostateswanted tobecome strongerand getm6land.They wentto warwith eachother.Jin Wengongdidnt breakh7promise.He askedhis armytoretreatsanshe andstay inChengpu.The Chuarmyt8（包围）that the Jin soldierswere afraidtofight,so theyfollowed them.T9their surprise,theJinarmy surroundedthem.In theend,Jin w10thewar.This was the famousBattle ofChengpu.After thiswar,people used“tuibisansheto mean（中突）.retreating toavoid aconflict7（九年级上•江苏泰州,期中）综合填空根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺23-24Many yearsago,there weremany statesinChina.The Stateof Qiused tobe verystrong,but itbecame lesspowerful.So the king ofQi sentYan Zi,]man withbig wisdom,to askChu tosupport eachother.The kingof Chuknew Yan Zi wasvery short.He triedtomakeYan Zifeel shyabout his2high.When Yan Ziarrived,the guardtold himto enter3the smallgate.Yan Zididnt getangry.Only astateofdogs willgreet4visit withagate fordogs.Tm visitingthe Stateof Chu.This gateisnt forme.Yan Zisaid.So theguard hadtotakehim throughthemain gate.Yan Zisaction5consider tobe againstthe kingofChu.So theking triedanother way.Why didQi sendYOUDont theyhave anyone6good”使臣.“If Qimeets agreat king,ifll sendthebestambassador Imthe worst.Thats whyIm here.^^Yan Zi7小偷reply calmly.At thistime,the guardsbrought athief totheking.The thiefis fromQi,Ha!Yan Zi,is Qia stateofthieves^^asked theking8rude.YanZianswered,“The orangetrees southof HuaiRiver producebig anddelicious fruit,9the orangetrees northofHuai Riverproduce smalland sourfruit.The environmentmakes thefruit growdifferently.In Qi,people aregood andhonest,but here,they steal.What madethat person10beathief here^^Finally,thekinglooked atYanZiand laughed.“I waswrong aboutyou andyour state!”09九年级上.江苏镇江.期中根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词

23.24数学家ZuChongzhiwas oneofthegreatest mathematiciansinancientChina.He wasb1duringthe NorthernandSoutherndynasties.From ayoung age,hewastaught naturalscience,astronomy,math andso on.Thelittle boyshowed ani2in allofthesesubjects,especially inmath.计算兀.He wasbest knownfor hiscalculation ofpi A3totherecord,hedidallthework usingnothing butwoodensticks.It tookhim lotsof timetoworkoutthevalue-b

43.1415926and

3.

1415927.At thattime noone wasable todo betterthan him.And nowthe achievementiss5praised bypeople aroundthe world.Some mathematicianss6calling piZu Lvin orderto rememberhim.超越His a7went beyondmath,He workedout thata yearshould be

365.24281481days longandcreated theDarningCalendar.However,government officialsat thattime didnot agreewith him.He neversaw hisc8putinto use.Almost tenyears afterhisdeath,thenewcalendarwasfinally a

9.（车辆）（指针）.He wasaninventortoo.He oncemade avehicle thatcarried apointer Nomatter howthe vehicleturned,the pointeralways pointedtothes10How amazing!10（九年级上.山东德州•期中）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面所给个词中选择个意义相23-241110符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词real,many,great,that,he,thousand,water,around,when,wonder,friendshipBorn in701,Li Bai was oneofthe]poets oftheTang Dynasty.At theage of24,he lefthome andstarted totravel2China.Throughout hislife,he wrotemorethanone thousandpoems aboutnatural world,friendship andmany other3things.“To WangLurT wasoneofLi Baispoems,it wasabout his4with Wang Lun,an importantperson tohim.It issaidthat Wang Lun respectedLi Baifor histalent anddreamt ofseeing him.5he heardthat Li Baiwastraveling toa placenearby,he wrotealetterto Li Bai andinvited himtovisit6hometown.In theletter,Wang Lunpictured hishometown ashavingpeach flowersextending tenli andten7wine houses.Li Baicouldnt findthe scenesdescribed byWangLunwhenhearrived.WangLunexplained thatpeachflowers“was thename ofa poolof8and Wanwasthefamily nameofthewine houseowner.LiBailaughed aboutWangLuns littletrick.He understoodthat WangLun9wantedtosee himand theybecame goodfriends.It isknown thatLiBaiandtheother poetsoftheTangDynastyhave leftso10great poemstous.Together theycreatedthe goldenage“of classicalChinese poetryand theywill alwaysbe rememberedby Chinesepeople.。