上海市崇明区高三第二次模拟考试英语

学年第二学期高三第二次模拟考试2024英语考试时间分钟，满分分请将答案填涂在答题纸上

1051151.Grammar andVocabularySection ADirections:After readingthe passagebelow,fill in the blanksto makethe passagecoherent andgrammatically correct.For theblanks with a given word,fill ineach blankwith theproper formof thegivenword;for theother blanks,use onewordthat best fits each blank.河马Baby Hippoin ThailandGets OfficialSong forWorldwide FansAbaby hippoin Thailandbecame famousearlier thisyear whenzoo workerspublished imagesand videos of her侏儒河马，online.Now thepygmy hipponamed Moo Deng,has anofficial songand videoreleased1several languagesfor herfans worldwide.Moo Denglives atKhao KheowOpen Zoo,southeast of the Thaicapital,Bangkok.Zoo workerAtthapon Nundee2post sweetmoments of the animalslife for the pastfew months.During thattime,thehippo hasreceived widespreadattention onsocial media.Fans of the animalhave expressed3theyenjoy watchingthe pinkcheekedbaby activelyinteract withher mother and otherzoo workers.Moo Deng-which means“bouncy porkin Thai-is akind ofmeatball.The name,chosen byfans onsocial media,炖制is similarto4of hertwo brothers:Moo Toonstewed porkand MooWaansweet pork.Moo Dengspopularity hasspread internationallyand shehas gainedthe attentionof someprofessionalsports teams.Fans sayher namefits herlively personality.Moo Denglikes to“deng orbounce,and herbouncing表情包.behavior hasled tocountless internetmemesThe widespreadpublicity leda wellknownThai poser5write aspecial songfor MooDeng.Thelively50second song,called,naturally,Moodeng,6release byone ofThailands biggestrecording panies.GMM Musiclastweek.A musicvideo7goes alongwith thesong showsthe babyhippobouncing around,playing withher keeper,or spendingtime withher mother,Jona.MooDengis nowfour monthsold.Officials estimatedthe babyhippo hasbrought in about3000to5,000visitors aday onaverage8it becamepopular online.The zoohas beenselling clothes,bedding andotherproducts basedon MooDeng.The zoosdirector,Narongwit Chodchoi,said theadditional earningsfrom MooDengwill helpthe zoos9breed programsfor manyendangered animals,like thepygmy hippo,water levelsin reservoirsto absorba possiblelarge suddenmountain runoffevent orbuild expensivenew reservoirs.A.But theycant dothat with heavy rainfall.B.He pointedout theflooding canalso hurtfood production.C.Heavy snowsflooding impactis lessenedbecause ittakes timeto melt.D.Another bighotspot inAsia is the Himalayas,Tian Shanand HinduKush mountains,with theAlps alsoaffected.E.Heavy rainin mountainscauses alot moreproblems thanbig snow,including flooding,landslides,etc.,the studyfound.F.These mountainoussystems aresupplying mostof thewater,so anydecreases inwater supplywould beprettysignificant interms ofwater management.III.Summary Writing（）

51.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main ideaand themain pointsof the passagein nomorethan60words.Use your own wordsas faras possible.Keys toSuccess inThis CEOsEyesAs founder,chairman andCEO,Ragy Thomashas beensuccessful inleading apany froma mereidea toamultibilliondollar softwarepany.So,what arehis keysto successThomas willtell youits notenough to be atechnologyvisionary.Youve gotto havethe leadershipskills tomatch yourbig ideas.First,Thomas insiststhat hisapproach tolife ingeneral iswhat oftensets himapart.Were avillage of7billionpeople,and whereyou areis notwhat makesyou happyor controlslife,its howyou approachit.He saysthis bigpicture,optimistic mindsetenables himto recognizeproblematic patternsin customercare andfind outpotential solutions.Thomass forwardthinkingmindset alsohas helpedhim embracethe factthat rapidlyadvancing technologyopens newdoorsthrough whichbusinesses andconsumers caninteract ina wholenew way.By usingtechnological advances,such as（筛选）AI,to siftthrough informationand integratingmultiple channelsof municationinto aunified platform,Thomassays,hes beenable torevolutionize customercare.Thomas sayshe hatesfailure butloves theprocess oflearning thates afterfailure.When facedwith thetopics ofsuccess,failure and the manyrisks involvedin startinga business,Thomas says,Ive neverasked myself,Why meIvealways askedmyself Whynot meBy buildingstronger connections,easier accessibilityand bettercustomerfacing（基石出设施）,infrastructure hebelieves thatsoon everypany onthe planetwill wanthis product.These days,Thomass jobis lessabout thedaily todosand moreabout settinggoals andempowering othersto besuccessful.He wantsto puthappiness at the coreof whathe does,not justwith clientsbut withhis ownemployees.Whenspeaking abouthis employees,he says,“Its importantfor methat youdo welland not just dogreatwork.”IV.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentencesinto English,using thewords given in thebrackets.我表姐每次旅行回来，都会买一些有当地特色的纪念品汉译英

52.Every time如今，有些年轻人为了能够自由支配时间，选择灵活就业（）（汉译英）

53.freedom毋庸置疑，我们不可过度依赖人工智能，而应善用其作为工具，辅助我们的生活、学习和工作

54.（）（汉译英）assist为抵御台风来袭，志愿者们正顶风冒雨，挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内（）（汉译英）

55.regardless ofV.Guided Writing

56.Directions:Write anEnglish positionin120150words according to theinstructions givenbelow inChinese.假设你是中华中学的学生近日，你参观了一个关于中国传统文化的展览，深受启发你决定写一封感谢信给展览主办方，内容包括A你参观展览的时间和感受；＞展览中你最喜欢的部分及原因；＞你对文化传承的看法及感谢注信中不得透露你的真实信息which isthreatened byillegal huntingand lossof habitat.Pygmy hipposare nativeto WostAfrica,but expertssay thereareonly2,0003,000of them10leave in the wild.All fourversions of the MooDeng songare availableonline.Section BDirections:Fill ineach blankwith aproper wordchosen from the box.Each wordcan onlybe usedonce.Note that there isoneword more than you need.A.cultivate B.dependence C.generating D.insufficient E.learnableF.predictor G.quitting H.restriction I.underlying J.widespreadK.windThe Importanceof WillpowerNomatter whatyour goalsare inlife,willpower isof greatimportance.Willpower isalso ofcritical importancefor拖延behavioral change.Whether youre11a badhabit,trying toget inshape,or strugglingwith procrastination症,youll needwillpower.Of course,Im allabout usingstrategies toreduce our12on willpower,but youcannot removetheneed for willpower entirely.A steady,disciplined useof willpowermight seemlike an13of personalfreedom,but it is not.If14willpower leavesyou aslave tobad habitsand addictions,then yourenot reallyfree.If youcant gatherthewillpower toovere procrastinationand earna betterlife foryourself,then yourenot reallyfree.To15true freedom,youllneed willpower.Importantly,research hasshown thatselfcontrol is16,When researchersteach peoplewith poorselfcontrolthe strategiesused bythose with high selfcontrol,the poorselfcontrol subjectsimprove.Willpower isnot fixed;it can be developedthrough strategyand practice.People wholearn tomaster willpowerbee activeagents inlife,and discoverthat they are responseablein everysituation.And thisapplies to their behaviorsas well as theiremotions.Walter Mischeldescribed selfcontrolas“themaster talenf17emotional intelligence,essential fbrconstructing asatisfying life/9Its hardto findanyone whosays that willpower doesntmatter.Yet,despite the18agreement abouthow importantwillpoweris,there isvery littleagreement in the scientificmunity abouthow willpoweractually works.棉花软糖Walter Mischelis theman behindthe famousmarshmallow test”and the author ofa bookby thesamename.His researchappeared toshow thatyoung childrenwithhighselfcontrol19up doingbetter ashigh schoolersandadults,but morerecent researchhas provedthis findingwrong,showing that the willpowerlevelsof youngchildren arenot agood20of latersuccess.This makessense becausethe prefrontalcortex-the areaof thebrain responsibleforwillpower-is poorlydevelopedin youngchildren anddoesnt finishdeveloping untilearly adulthood.IL ReadingprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are fourwords orphrases marked A,B,Cand D.Fill ineachblankwith theword orphrase thatbestfitsthe context.The daughters,but notthe sons,of women who givebirth atage30or olderare more likely to experience symptomsof depression asyoung adults,accordingtoresearch publishedby theAmerican PsychologicalAssociation.Tearne,a doctoralstudent atthe University of Western Australia andlead authorof thestudy,and hercolleagues（怀孕的）analyzed datafromtheWestern AustralianPregnancy CohortStudy.Pregnant womenwere selectedinto this（子女）study,and providedpsychological

21.Their offspringthen underwentpsychological22at variousages overthe next23years.In thisstudy,the researchers23selfreported levelsof varioussymptoms ofdepression,anxiety andstress from1,200of theoffspring atage20and paredthem withthe ageof themother andfather atthe timethe childrenwere born.Daughters whosemothers wereover age30atthe time of24had significantlyhigher levelsof stress,depression andanxietypared withdaughters whosemothers wereunder age

30.However,the fathers1age atthat particulartime hadnoeffect,and therewas noeffect foundfor

25.While theexact causeof thisrelationship isnot clear,Tearne saidshe suspectsitisnot necessarily

26.（假设）“One hypothesisis that27may occurin themotherdaughter relationshipbecause ofa largeage differencebetweenthe twoJ saidTearne.It may be thata30or moreyear agedifference betweenmotheranddaughter leadsto asignificantdifference in the28systems.That maycause29in therelationship,leading tostress,worry andsadness in thechild,particularly duringthe transitionto youngadulthood.^^Another possible30maybethat thewomenwhogave birthover age30would bein their50s atthetimetheirchildren wereassessed.Therefore,theyare morelikely tobeexperiencing healthproblems associatedwith31,Thiscould alsolead tohigher levelsof32in thechildren,Tearne said.Other studieshavesuggested thatdaughters aremore affectedby theirmothers healthproblems thansons.This couldexplain whythe33only appearsin daughters,she said.」“It isimportant toremember,too,that thestudy examinedsymptoms ofdistress,rather than34diagnosis saidMoniqueRobinson,PhD,of theUniversityofWesternAustralia,another authorof thestudy.Itcould bethattheoffspring ofolder mothersare atrisk for a fewmore symptomsofdepression,anxiety andstress,

21.A.associationB.adjustment C.support D.information

22.A.consultation B.intervention C.assessment D.treatment

23.A.looked atB.went afterC.responded toD.persisted in

24.A.promotionB.graduation C.marriage D.birth

25.A.sonsB.mothers C.daughters D.grandchildren

26.A.temporaryB.biological C.subjective D.psychological

27.A.transitionsB.difficulties C.interactions D.petitions

28.A.valueB.blood C.education D.security

29.A.mistakesB.limits C.tensions D.distractions

30.A.exceptionB.equivalent C.foundation D.explanation

31.A.ineB.promotion C.aging D.exercising

32.A.mitmentB.symptoms C.expectations D.consciousness

33.A.effectB.struggle C.friction D.imitation

34.A.initialB.ultimate C.general D.clinical

35.A.rareB.treatable C.diagnosable D.irreversiblebut thatdoes notnecessarily meanthey willexperience an35mental disorder/9Section BDirections:Read thefollowing threepassages.Each passageis followedby severalquestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themthere arefour choicesmarkedA,B,C andD.Choose theonethat fitsbest accordingto theinformation givenin thepassage youhave justread.AWhy,inaworld wherewe technicallyproduce enough food tofeed everyone,do millions of peoplego tobed hungryeachnight Thestatistics aretragic,and sucha contradictionshould haveno placein ourmodern world.The UNssecond sustainabilitygoal,“Zero Hunger,“is anambitious planto endhunger inthe worldby

2030.However,the globalscale of the hungerstaggers the imagination,and ifsgetting worse.According toWorld Vision,asmany as828million people,or10%of theglobal population,are sufferingfrom foodinsecurity.What arethe drivingforcesbehind thisproblem of hungerArmed conflictis one.It forcespeople awayfrom their homes,ruins economiesand turnsmillionsofpeople into难民refugees whobee relianton aidand luckfor theirdaily needs.Extreme weatherevents alsodrive world hunger bydestroyinghomes andmaking farmlandunusable.Finally,around30percent of the worldsfood islost orwasted annually.Food lossoccurs whenfood isdamaged orspoiled whilemoving through the supply chain.Food wastehappens whenindividuals,supermarkets orrestaurants buymore foodthan theyneed andthrow awaythe unnecessary.Despite theseterrible facts,World HungerDay isntjust aboutbad news.Founded in2011by the Hunger Project,肖除World HungerDay isalso aboutcelebrating solutionsthatwilleliminate@starvation.In Africa,the HungerProject has been workingto encouragemore sustainableand efficientfarming methods.Forexample,by diversifyingtheir crops,farmers willhave healthiersoil.Furthermore,since farmersneed accessto safe,cleanwater,theHungerProject teachespeople howto monitor,maintain andrepair watersystems.The UNWorld FoodProgrammeaids farmersby helpingthem connectto local economies,improve productionmethods andreduce croplosses.And,for childrenand theweak,they providespecial nutrientrichfoods.So whatcan youdo tohelp eliminateworldhungerAside fromtrying toreduce yourfood waste,keep educatingyourselfand othersabout theissue.Look foropportunities tofeed thehungry inyourownmunities.Each step,each choice,and eachvoice canhelp makehunger athing ofthe past.

36.By staggerstheimagination^^in paragraph2,theauthormeans.A.hungry peoplearemoreimaginative B.the seriousnessof hungershocks peopleC.Zero Hunger“is impossibleto achieveD.the UNhas predictedthe scaleofhunger

37.Which ofthefollowingis oneofthecauses ofhunger accordingto the passageA.Some landbees unsuitablefor farmingdue to extreme weather.B.The foodsupplychaindrives peopleto throwaway additionalfood.C.Wars forcerefugees togive up theirhomesand todestroy farmland.D.Some areasare unable to produceenoughfoodfor lackof labourforce.

38.The UNhasbeendedicated tothe eliminationof starvationby helping.A.invest inlocaleconomiesB.develop newseeds forfarmersC.increase thevariety ofcrops D.feed thehungry inmunities

39.Which ofthefollowingisthebest titlefor thepassageA.The NewFace ofHunger.B.Climate Changeand FoodCrisis.C.The MarchToward ZeroHunger.D.Hunger:Symptoms,Causes,and Solutions.BTravelling by rail holdsa romanticand oldfashionedappeal that cant bematched byflying ordriving.By takingTHEROCKY MOUNTAINEER2Where:Canada,from Vancouverto Banff,EASTERN ANDORIENTAL EXPRESSJasperand Calgary.Where:From Thailand,through Malaysia,toWhen:In June,which isspringtime inthe Singapore.Rockies,plete withbeautiful flowersand plentyWhen:April andMay,fortheleast wetweather.of wildlife.Duration:Trips varyfrom twoto eightdays.Duration:Between twoand eightdays travellingHighlights:Youll travelthroughtheheart ofonlyin daylight,staying inluxurious hotels.Southeast Asia.From goldentemples andriceHighlights:Unmatched viewsoftheRocky fieldsto bigcities,this luxurioustrainMountains,incredible luxuryat everystage ofshowcases thebest ofthe countriesit passesthetrip,traditional nativestorytelling,wine through.classes andnatural historyworkshops.3THE GHAN4Where:Australia,from Adelaideto Darwinvia THEROYAL SCOTSMANAliceSprings.Where:Around theScottish Highlandsor alltheWhen:Going duringthe wetseason December,way aroundGreat Britain.January willallow youto seemore wildlifeand When:Warmer weatherand upto20hours oftropicalfeatures inthe north,though peakseason daylightin Junemakes itthe perfecttime toisusually thewatch birdsflying overmirrorlike lakes,or goinOctober for autumn coloursandtherather specialwinter.deermating season.the slowroute,you gettoexperienceand interactwith anarea ina pletelydifferent way.Duration:Going straightthrough takes52hours.Duration:Trips canbe asshort astwo daysor asThere are getoffpoints fromwhich youcan takelong asseven.tours.Highlights:Possibly themost expensivetrainHighlights:Going throughAustralias Redjourneyintheworld.Youll betreated likeaCentre withblue skies,red earthand notmuch（王室）.member ofthe monarchySuperbelse-an unforgettablybeautiful andpeaceful（火车客车厢）cuisine,fine winesand carriagesexperience.that looklike roomsat BalmoralCastle awaitthosewilling topart witha minimumof£2350per personforatwonight trip.

40.The aboveinformation ismainly aimedat.A.selling somepackage tourproductsB.advising peopleto travelbyrailfor businessC.introducing somegreat railwayjourneysD.analyzing theadvantages oftravelling bytrain

41.Ella whodlike toexperience firstrateservice andtaste excellentfood onthe train,is mostlikelytochoose.A.The RockyMountaineer B.Eastern andOriental ExpressC.The GhanD.The RoyalScotsman

42.What canbe learnedabout thefour routesA.One ofthe routesruns inmorethanone country.B.Winter isthe remendedseason forthe Ghan.C.The RockyMountaineer onlyfeatures naturalviews.D.The RoyalScotsman isthe shortestofthefour routes.（）C（防碎的）In theearly1900s,French chemist,Edouard Benedictus,invented shatterproofglass bychance.But itssignificanceand relevancedidnt emergeuntil thecar marketcreated theproblem fbrwhich hehad alreadyfound theanswer.Such momentsof serendipityreveal theunpredictable natureof innovation.Yet,even incases wherechance playsarole,as inBenedictuss story,the broaderquestion remains:Are suchdiscoveries trulybom ofluck,or werethey somehow“intheair Jwaiting forthe rightperson toseize themSomeargue allthe discoverieswould have been madeby otherpeople.They believeif thetime wasripe inconceptualand technologicalterms,someone wouldhave gotthere sooneror later.This isthe usedand abusedunderstandingof theoriesthat were“intheair^.Independently,Charles Darwin and AlfredR.Wallace thelatter15yearsbehind Darwinarrived atthe theoryof evolutionby naturalselection,both countingon similar data.There existedslightdifferences inthe theory,but thecoincidences ofthought wereastonishing.This phenomenon,which alsoexists inbiologicalevolution,is calledconvergence:two noncloselyrelated speciesdevelop similarfunctional adaptations.Thisoccurs becausethe environmentposes similarsurvival problemsto both,namely similarselective pressures.This isanimportant cluethat canhelp explainwhy thisdynamic alsoexists inscientific knowledge:Therearesimilar selectivepressuresand differentresearch groupsthat petetoeup withthe solutions.If weanalyze thesteps undertakenthat ledtotheresult,we cansee thatthere were in factsome accidentalelements.The overalldynamic wasnot accidental,though.Yet isit reallypossible thatall discoverieswereinthe airLetus assumeforamoment thatthis istrue andthatthemost luckcan dois speeduptheinevitable.All scientistsarc积累standing onthe shouldersofthegiants who have gonebefore them,and thereis objectivelya cumulative的element inscience.Nevertheless,at somepoint andintheright circumstances,it wasthe unknownscientists,not thegiants,who managedto seea littlefarther.The mindofthegiant wasimprisoned byprior knowledgeand sotrapped withintheframework ofestablished habits,research questions,and establishedmethods.The new,littleknown scientist,on theotherhand,will inone wayor anotherhavebeenabletobreak freeofthechains ofestablished knowledge.And soit willhavebeen possiblefor themto imagineother worlds.This suggeststhat itwill beinnovators,with theirprepared minds,whohavea betterchance ofmaking accidentaldiscoveries,namely thatare irregularand unexpected.

43.In paragraph2serendipity“refers to.A.accidental inventionB.emergence ofproblemsC.late recognitionD.chemical innovation

44.The exampleof Darwinand Wallaceis givento illustrate.A.fierce petitionamong biologicalscientistsB.the importantrole ofsimilardatain intentionalresearchC.independent butsimilar solutionsunder sharedpressuresD.limited resourcesand technologicaldependency inscience

45.What advantagemight lesserknownscientists haveover establishedresearchersA.Access toadvanced tools.B.Freedom fromrigid mindsets.C.Stronger peercooperation.D.Greater fundingopportunities.

46.Which statementbest reflectsthemainidea ofthepassageA.All discoveriesare inevitableresults oftechnological progress.B Serendipityalone drivesgroundbreaking scientificachievements.C.Traditional methodsprevent innovationand shouldbe abandoned.D.Major breakthroughsintegrate preparedminds withaccidental opportunities.Section CDirections:Read thefollowingpassage.Fill ineachblankwithaproper sentencegiveninthe box.Each sentencecanbeused onlyonce.Note thattherearetwo moresentences thanyouneed.Global HeatingMaking ExtremeRain andDisastrous FloodingMore LikelyAwarming worldis transformingsome majorsnowfalls overmountains intoextreme rain,worsening bothdangerousflooding as wellaslongterm watershortages,a newstudy hasfound.（模拟）Using rain and snowmeasurements since1950and putersimulations forfuture climate,scientists calculated（海拔）that forevery degreeFahrenheit theworld warms,extreme rainfallat higheraltitude increasesby

8.3%,accordingto astudy inNature.（水库）47And therain isnot convenientlystored awaylike snowpackthatcanrecharge reservoirsin springandsummer.It isnotjusta faroffproblem thatis projectedto occurinthefuture,but thedata isactually tellingus thatitsalready happeningand wesee thatinthedata overthe pastfew decadesJ saidlead authorMohammed Ombadi,aLawrence BerkeleyNational Laboratoryclimate scientist.The studylooked atonly theheaviest rainseach yearover sixdecades inthe northernhalf ofthe Earth,finding thatasaltitude rose,so didrainfall.The biggestincrease inrains werenoticed atabout10,000feet.That includesmuch oftheAmerican west,where Ombadi said“its veryobvious”,aswellas partsoftheAppalachian Mountains.48About onein fourpeople onEarth liveinanarea soclose tothe mountainsor downhillthat extremerainandfloodingwould hitthem,Ombadisaid.49He mentionedCalifornia departmentof agricultureestimates of$89m incrop andfarmanimal lossesfrom thisyears extremerains.But inthe longterm,another problemis watersupply.In timesof drought,water managerslike tokeep waterlevelshigh inreservoirs,which theycan dowithheavysnowpacks becauseit meltsslowly.50So aswarming causesrainierextremes,society isgoing tohave tochoose betweencutting wateruse becauseof low。