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八年级英语下册重点知识讲解和练习Unit4
一、重点句型
1.WhatJ s wrong怎么了?用于询问对方的问题或身体不适,同义句有What,s thematter/Whats thetrouble例如Whats wrongwith youYou lookworried.(你怎么了?你看起来很忧虑)
2.T mreally tiredbecause Istudied untilmidnight last night.我真的彳艮累,因为我昨晚学习到半夜because引导原因状语从句,说明导致主句情况的原因
3.You could give hima ticketto aball game.你可以给他一张球赛门票could在此并非过去式,而是用于提出建议,语气比can更委婉
4.Why dont youtalk tohim aboutit你为什么不和他谈谈这件事呢?Why dont youdo sth.等同于Why notdo sth.,用于向对方提出建议,意为“为什么不做某事呢”
5.I foundmy sisterlooking throughmy thingsyesterday.我昨天发现我妹妹在翻我的东西find sb.doing sth,表示“发现某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行
6.Although she,swrong,it,s nota bigdeal.虽然她错了,但这不是什么大事although引导让步状语从句,不能与but同时使用
7.My parentsdont allowme tohang outwith myfriends.我父母不允许我和朋友们出去闲逛allow sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“允许某人做某事其否定形式为dont/doesntallow sb.to do sth.o
8.They realways comparingme withmy classmates.他们总是把我和我的同学们作比较compare...with...表示“把……和……作比较”,用于对比两者之间的差异或相似之处
二、语法情态动词表示建议could
1.用法could常用来礼貌地提出建议或请求,此时不表示过去时态,语气相较于can更为委婉、客气例如Could youplease passme thebook(你能递给我那本书吗?)Could yougive mesomeadvice(你能给我一些建议吗?)回答以could开头的表示建议或请求的疑问句时,肯定回答常用“Yes,sure./Of course./No problem.等;否定回答常用uSorry,I cant.I haveto...等例如:一Could youhelp mewithmy homework—Yes,sure.(一你能帮我做作业吗?一当然可以)一Could you go shoppingwithme—Sorry,I cant.I haveto cleanmy room.(一你能和我一起去购物吗?-对不起,我不能我得打扫我的房间)
2.与其他表示建议的句型转换could youplease do sth.可转换为why don,t youdo sth./why notdo sth./how aboutdoing sth./what aboutdoingsth.等句型例如Could youplease open the window=Whydont youopen the window=Why notopenthewindow=How aboutopening thewindow=Whatabout openingthewindow(你能打开窗户吗?)
三、练习
1.单项选择
2.My parentsdont meto stayout late.A.let B.make C.allow D.have
3.一Whats withyou一I havea headache.A.matter B.the wrongC.trouble D.wrong
4.You shouldyour problemsyour bestfriend.A.talk;with B.say;to C.speak;to D.talk about;with
5.you couldgive mesome advice.A.May beB.Maybe C.May D.Might
6.Why go to thepark thisweekendA.dont B.not youC.not D.you don,t
2.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.You shouldcall himup.
2.They arealways comparetheir childrenwith others.
3.My oldbrother istwo yearsolder thanme.
4.We hadanargue aboutthe plan.
5.You shouldexplain clearto yourparents.
6.句型转换
1.You shouldtalk toyour teacher.改为否定句
2.Why dontyougoto the movies改为同义句
3.He allowshis sonto playcomputer gameson weekends.改为被动语态
4.She foundher mothercleaning theroom.对划线部分提问,划线部分:cleaning theroom
5.Although itwas raining,we still went to school.改为同义句【答案】
一、单项选择allow sb.to dosth.允许某人做某事,let/make sb.dosth.让某人做某事,have sb.do
1.Costh.使某人做某事,根据搭配选CoDo Whatswrong=Whats thematter=Whats thetrouble询问“怎么了”,wrong
2.前不加the,matter和trouble前要加the,故选Dotalk about sth.with sb.和某人谈论某事,talk withsb.与某人交谈,say sth.to sb.对
3.Do某人说某事,speak tosb.和某人说话,根据语境选DoBo maybe是副词,意为“也许,可能”,常位于句首;may be是“情态动词+be动词”结
4.构,在句中作谓语;may和might是情态动词,后接动词原形此句已有谓语couldgive,所以用maybe,选BoWhy notdosth.=Why don,tyoudosth.为什么不做某事,故选
5.Co Co
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.callo should是情态动词,后接动词原形
2.comparingo bealways doingsth.总是做某事,表示一种抱怨或赞赏等感情色彩,这里用现在分词形式
3.elder elder表示“年纪较长的“,常作定语修饰名词,elder brother哥哥o
4.argumento havean argumentaboutsth.就某事进行争论,argue的名词形式是argumento
5.clearly explain是动词,要用副词clearly修饰o
二、句型转换
1.You shouldnttalk toyour teacher,should的否定形式是shouldnt
2.Why notgoto the movies/How aboutgoing tothemovies/What aboutgoing tothemovies
3.His sonis allowedto playcomputer gameson weekendsby him.——般现在时的被动语态结构为be am/is/are+过去分词,原句主语he变为by him
4.What didshe findher motherdoing对动作提问用What...doing,原句是一般过去时,借助助动词did,found还原为find
5.It wasraining,but westillwenttoschool,although和but不能同时使用,将although去掉,用but连接两个句子Unit5Unit5
一、重点句型
1.What wereyou doingat thetime ofthe rainstorm暴风雨来临的时候你正在做什么?这是过去进行时的特殊疑问句,用来询问过去某个特定时刻正在进行的动作at thetime of...(在……的时候)
2.I waswaiting for the buswhen itbegan to rain heavily.天开始下大雨的时候我正在等公交车when引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时,表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行
3.While Lindawas sleeping,Jenny washelping Marywith herhomework.琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业while引导的时间状语从句,强调主从句动作同时进行,主从句都用过去进行时_
4.My alarmdidnt gooff soI wokeup late.我的闹钟没响,所以我醒晚了so表示结果,引导结果状语从句
5.I wasso busylooking forthe umbrellathat Ididn,t seea carcoming.我‘忙着找雨伞,以至于没看到一辆车开过来so...that...(如此……以至于……)引导结果状语从句,that后接句子
6.Although thestorm brokemany thingsapart,it broughtfamilies andneighbors closertogether.虽然暴风雨破坏了很多东西,但它使家人和邻居们关系更亲密了although(虽然)引导让步状语从句,不能与but同时使用
二、语法过去进行时:表示在过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作定义构成肯定句主语+was/were+动词的现在分词(v.-ing)+其他,如He was reading abookat7o clocklast night.(昨晚7点他正在读一本书)否定句主语+was/were+not+动词的现在分词(v.-ing)+其他,如She wasnot watchingTVwhen Icame in.(我进来的时候她没在看电视)一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词(v.-ing)+其他?肯定回答Yes,主语+was/were.否定回答No,主语+wasn t/weren,t.如Were youplaying basketballat4oclock yesterdayafternoonYes,I was./No,I wasnt.(昨天下午4点你在打篮球吗?是的,我在/不,我不在)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的现在分词(v.-ing)+其他?如What wereyou doing when the phone rang(电话响的时候你在做什么?)L时间状语at+具体时间点+过去的时间,如at8o clocklast night(昨晚8点),at3p.m.yesterday(昨天下午3点)when和while引导的时间状语从句when引导的从句既可用一般过去时,也可用过去进行时;while引导的从句通常用过去进行时例如When Igot home,my motherwas cookingdinner.(我到家时,我妈妈正在做晚饭)While I wasreading,my sisterwas watching TV.(我读书的时候,我妹妹在看电视)L与一般过去时的区别一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,强调动作的完成;过去进行时强调过L
2.去某个时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作例如I watchedTV lastnight.(我昨晚看了电视,强调看了电视这个动作完成了)I waswatchingTVat8oclock lastnight.(昨晚8点我正在看电视,强调在8点这个时刻正在进行看电视的动作)一般过去时往往与表示过去的时间状语,如yesterday,last week,ago等连用;过去进行时常与at thattime,at+时间点+过去的时间,when/while引导的时间状语从句等连用
三、练习
一、单项选择
1.一What wereyoudoingthe rainstormcame—Iwasreading abook athome.A.when B.while C.as soonas D.until
2.My brotherhis bikeat this time yesterday.A.rides B.rode C.was ridingD.is riding
3.While theteacher theblackboard,the studentswere talking.A.cleans B.cleaned C.was cleaningD.is cleaning
4.1a showerwhen youcalled me.A.take B.took C.was takingD.am taking
5.What your sister when the phonerangA.were;do B.did;do C.was;doing D.do;do
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.My mother(cook)dinner at6p.m.yesterday.
2.The students(not play)football on the playgroundat that moment.
3.The students(listen)totheteacher carefullywhenthebell rang.
4.At8:30this morning,I(wait)forthebus at the station.
5.They(not have)a meetingat3p.m.yesterday afternoon.They werehaving aparty.
三、句型转换
1.He wasdoing hishomework at7p.m.(变为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
2.We werehaving a great time atthe party lastnight.(改为否定句)
3.They werecleaning theclassroom at3p.m.yesterday.(对划线部分提问,划线部分cleaning theclassroom)
4.He wasplaying footballon theplayground whenit startedto rain.(对划线部分提问,划线部分ontheplayground)
5.Were theystudying inthe libraryat5oclock yesterday(改为陈述句)【答案】
一、单项选择
1.Ao when引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时while引导的从句常用进行时as soonas表示“一……就……”,until表示“直到”,均不符合语境
2.Co uatthistimeyesterday”是过去进行时的标志,结构为uwas/were+现在分词”,主语“My brotherv是第三人称单数,用was,ride的现在分词为riding,所以选C
3.Co while引导的从句常用过去进行时,表示与主句动作同时发生,clean的现在分词为cleaning,所以选Co
4.Co根据语境,打电话时正在洗澡,用过去进行时,主语是L所以选Co
5.C“whenthephonerang”表明主句用过去进行时,主语“yoursister”是第三人称单数,用was,所以选Co
二、.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.was cookingoat6p.m.yesterday是过去的具体时间点,用过去进行时
2.were notplayingo atthatmoment表明用过去进行日寸,否定在were后加not
3.were listeningowhen引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时
4.was waitingoAt8:30this morning是过去的具体时间点,用过去进行时
5.were not havingo at3p.m.yesterday afternoon表明用过去进行时,否定在were后加note
三、句型转换
1.Was hedoing hishomework at7p.m.Yes,he was.一般疑问句将was提前,肯定回答用Yes,主语+waso
2.We werenothavingagreattimeatthepartylastnight.过去进彳亍时的否定句在was/were后力口not
3.What werethey doingat3p.m.yesterday对动作提问用What...doingo
4.Where washe playingfootball whenit startedtorain对地点提问用where,其余部分变成一般疑问句语序
5.They werestudying inthe libraryat5o clockyesterday.陈述句》各主语放在were前。
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