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Unit11Conflict andCompromiseLesson2Dealing withConflict【基础知识过关】I.单词拼写（退出）
1.In2016Britain votedto from the EU.（居烈地）.
2.She becameso nervousthat sheshook U（坚定地）
3.One mustapply oneselfto thepresent andkeep oneseyes fixedon onesfuturegoals.肖极的）
4.Scientists havea fairlyattitude to the theory.（回应）
5.The governmenthas beenaccused ofnot appropriatelytothe needs of thehomeless.（跺脚）
6.She triedher feetto keepwarm at the busstop.（咒骂）
7.The bossat thewaitress whenshe brokea plate.（后果）
8.The ofa risingsea levelwould bewidespread flooding.（冲突）.
9.The violencewas theresult ofpolitical andethnicH.单句语法填空（）
1.I gotthe jobon thestrength of your recommend.（）
2.On theother hand,there are always somepeople whoview thisgap negative.（）
3.He determinedon awithdraw ofhis forces.（）
4.We preferto subscribeto analternative explain.
5.・surprised usmost therewas thebeauty of the scenes.
6.Closing the plant willlead300job losses.（）
7.The courtscan refuseadmit policeevidence whichhas beenillegally obtained.
8.These twoproblems mustntbe treatedthe sameway.HL短语填空as aresult,make theright judgment,deal with,put forward,on onesbehalf
1.Its noteasy for anyone toin emergencies.
2..I tendto acceptany ideaby expertson TV.
3.Mr.Knight cantbe here,so hiswife willaccept theprize.
4.We musttake positivesteps tothe problem.
5..He madeone bigmistake,and,,lost hisjob.IV.完成句子回应谩骂性电子邮件的最好办法就是置之不理
1.The bestway toa flameis toignore it.非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐如何影响了我的人生
2.Its anhonor to be hereand to you thestory ofhow musichashad animpact onmy life..昨天他刚从银行里取了美元，就被抢劫了3500He$500from abank accountyesterday whenhe wasrobbed.我们把婚礼提前了两周
4.We haveby twoweeks.从房子的窗户可以把通向农场的那条小路尽收眼底
5.The lanethe farmwas infull viewof thehouse windows.【能力提升训练】I.阅读AAs SimonKindleysides,34,took hisfirst stepin the London Marathonin April,he feltasif magicwas in the air.“As wewere walkingtowards the first mile,we actuallystarted joiningall therunners,“he said.u Everyonewas on the streets,cheering,and that was amagical moment.As timewenton,the crowdsand otherracers spreadaround.Kindleysides andhis teamof eightsupporterscontinued walking.（瘫痪的）Kindleysides,who isparalysed from the waistdown andtypically usesa（夕卜骨骼）wheelchair,was equippedwith anexoskeleton to help himwalk.His supporterswalked with him to change the batteriesin hisexoskeleton sohe couldkeep moving.（月盲瘤）In2013,Kindleysides wasdiagnosed with a brain tumour thatwas growingin a waythat pressedon certainnerves,leading tohim losingfeeling in his legs.He wastoldhe wouldnever walkagain.Before hisparalysis,the London-based singerand dancerhadalways wantedto runa marathon,but henever madetheplanto doso-until thisyear.During the London Marathon,the lasttwo-mile racewas the hardest.At thatpoint,Iwas exhausted.It wasfreezing cold,and Iwas hurtingemotionally,“Kindleysides said.Buthe keptgoing.I didn!t want to letpeople down.I hada teamof eight,and Iwas raisingmoney for The Brain Tumour Charity,“he said.I didnt wantto let themdown,myself down,and Ithought ifI wouldget thisfar,I wouldhave tocontinue.n Sohe continuedand madehistoryas thefirst paralysedman to complete theLondon Marathonon foot.Then,recovering athome,he sharedhis accomplishmentwith histhree children.“Theyused tosay Pmthe onlydad in their wholeschool thatsinawheelchair,and nowthey sayImtheir dad,the onlyone thathas walkeda marathon,“he said.Kindleysides istraining tocomplete threemore marathons next year,including theLondon Marathon again.
1.Why didKindleysides^supporters accompanyhim all the wayA.To inspirehim as a team.B・To helpchangethebatteries.C.To guidehim alongthe road.D.To assisthim withthe wheelchair.
2.What causedKindleysides^disabilityA.An accidentin theprevious marathon.B・An operationon hisbrain for the tumour.C.Some nervesproduced outof thetumour.D.The pressurefrom thebrain tumouronthenerves.
3.What partlysupported Kindleysidesto finishthehardesttwo-mile raceA.The determinationto beatothers.B・The strongdesire torecover.C.The kindnesstohelpthe charity.D.The prizemoney for the winner.
4.What canwe learnabout KindleysidesA.He wasonce asuccessful actor.B・His childrenfeel apity forhim in the wheelchairnow.C.He isambitious forjoining in theLondonMarathon oncemore.D.He was thefirstdisabled mantocompletetheLondonMarathon.B（）Following theoutbreak of the novelcoronavirus pneumoniaNCP,also namedCOVID-19by WHO,there isa generalfear ofthe unknownvirus asits fulleffects remaintobe seen.Fever,coughing,sore throat,difficulty breathing—the NCPssymptoms aresimilarto the common coldortheflu,but itspotentially moredangerous.Viruses couldbe deadly,like HIVand Ebola.But whatare virusesHow canthey causesomuch trouble（有机体）Viruses arenon-living organismsapproximately one-millionth ofan inchlong.Unlike humancells orbacteria,they can*t reproduceon theirown.Instead,they invadethecells ofliving organismsto reproduce,spread andtake over.Viruses caninfect everyliving thing—from plants and animalsdown tothe smallestbacteria.For thisreason,they alwayshave thepotential to be dangerousto humanlife.Sometimes avirus cancause adisease soserious thatit isfatal.Other viralinfections triggernonoticeable reaction.Viruses liearound ourenvironment allofthetime,waiting fora host cell tocome along.They canenter our bodies bythe nose,mouth,eyes orbreaks in the skin.Once inside,they trytofind a hostcellto infect.For example,HIV,which causesAIDS,attacks theT-cells oftheimmune system.But thebasic questionis,where didviruses firstcome fromUntil now,no clearexplanationfor theirorigin exists.“Tracing the origins of viruses is difficultv，Ed Rybicki,（病毒学家）a virologistattheUniversity ofCape Townin SouthAfrica,told ScientificAmerican,because virusesdont leavefossils andbecause ofthe tricksthey useto makecopiesof themselveswithin thecells theyveinvaded.”（假说）However,there arethree mainhypotheses toexplain the origin ofviruses.First,（寄生者）.viruses startedas independentorganisms,then becameparasites Second,virusesevolved frompieces ofDNA orRNA that“escaped“from largerorganisms.Third,virusesco-evolved withtheir hostcells,which meansthey existedalongside thesecells.For thetime being,these areonly theories.The technologyand evidencewe havetodaycannot be used totest thesetheories andidentify themost plausibleexplanation.Continuingstudies mayprovide uswith cleareranswers.Or futurestudies mayreveal thatthe answeris（含糊不清的）even murkierthan itnow appears.
5.What canwe learnabout virusesfrom thetextA.Viruses havenothing todo withthecommoncold.B.Viruses arereally smallliving organisms.C.Viruses cantreproduce unlessthey findahostcell.D.Viruses enterour bodiesmainly throughthe mouth,nose andhair.
6.Which ofthe followingmight explain theorigin of virusesA.They evolvedfrom thefossils oflarge organisms.B.They evolvedfrom parasitesinto independentorganisms.C.They evolvedfromtheT-cells in animals.D.They evolvedalong withtheir hostcells.
7.The underlinedword“plausible“in thelast paragraphprobably meansA.reasonable B.commonC.creative D.unbelievable
8.What canwe concludefromthetextA.Viruses livelonger inhuman hostcells thaninanimals*.B.Viruses willbecome morelike bacteriaas theyevolve.C.It maytake along timeto understandtheoriginofviruses.D.The authoris optimisticabout futurevirus research.CFacial expressionscarry themeanings thatare determinedby situationsandrelationships.For example,in Americanculture the smile isin general an expression ofpleasure.Yet italso hasother uses.A womanssmile ata policeofficer doesnot carrythesame meaningasthesmile shegives toa youngchild.A smilemay showlove orpoliteness.Itcan also hide true feelings.It oftencauses confusionacross cultures.For example,manypeople inRussia considersmiling at strangers in public tobe unusualand evenimproper.Yetmany Americans smile freelyatstrangersin publicplaces althoughthis isless commoninbig cities.Some Russiansbelieve thatAmericanssmileinthewrong places;someAmericans believethat Russiansdont smileenough.In SoutheastAsian cultures,a smile isfrequently usedto coverpainful feelings.Vietnamese peoplemay tella sadstory butend thestorywith asmile.情感，Our facesshow emotionsbut weshould notattempt to“read”people fromanotherculture aswe would“read someonefrom our own culture.The factthat members ofone culturedo notexpress theiremotions asopenly asmembersofanother doesnot meanthatthey do not experienceemotions.Rather,there arecultural differencesintheamount offacial expressionpermitted.Forexample,inpublicand informal situationsmany Japanesedonotshow theiremotions asfreelyas Americansdo.When withfriends,Japanese andAmericans seem to showtheiremotions similarly.It isdifficult togeneralise aboutAmericans andtheir facialexpressiveness becauseofpersonal andcultural differencesintheUnited States.People fromcertain culturalbackgroundsintheUnited Statesseemtobe morefacially expressivethan others.The keyisto try not to judge peoplewhose waysof showingemotions aredifferent.If wejudgeaccording to ourown cultural habits,we maymake themistake of“reading“other peopleincorrectly.
9.What doesthesmileusually meanin AmericaA.Love.B.Politeness.C.Joy.D.Thankfulness.
10.The authormentions thesmile ofthe Vietnameseto provethat smilecanA.show friendlinessto strangersB.be usedto hidetrue feelingsC.beusedinthewrong placesD.show personalhabits
11.What shouldwe dobefore attemptingto“read”peopleA.Learn about their relationswith others.B.Understand theircultural backgrounds.C.Find outabouttheirpast experiences.D.Figure outwhat theywill donext.
12.What wouldbe thebest titleforthetextA.Cultural DifferencesB・Smiles andRelationshipsC.Facial ExpressivenessD.Habits andEmotionsIL七选五（有用的人）A goodtraining partner can be a great asset to your training but if you getstuckwith abad one,it couldlead youdown theroad tofrustration.]Here are a fewthings tolookout forDependable.Choose someone who youare surewill showup forevery scheduled（消耗）workout orwho willcall youif theycan*t makeit.It isa drainon yourvaluableenergy especiallybefore training to haveto constantlyremind yourpartner.Attitude.Get apartner with a positiveattitude.This isvery important.If theyconstantlysay that something is impossible or that they cant or you cantdo something,you mayend upbelieving them.2Open mind.Get apartner with an openmind.Someone whohas todo thingsin hisor herwayallthetime,will notlisten toyou andwill notchange hisor hermind isnta goodpartner.3The leadershould takeinto accountthe needsand feelingsoftheother partner not totallyignoringthem.Spotting.Get someoneyou feelcomfortable withspotting you.One ofthe mainroles ofa training partneris spottingand if you donttrust them,theres notmuch pointin havingthemaround tohelp.4If youare abeginner,try tofind someonewho knowswhat theyare doing.You willgetmore outofyourtraining thanifyoutrain withanother beginner.While there areanumber ofadvantages ofhaving atraining partner,there arealsoadvantages of working alone.5A.Training level.B・Similar strengthlevels.C.Be selectivewhen choosingatraining partner.D.Find someonewithasimilar traininggoal asyou.E.In everypartnership,one personwill tendtobethe leader.F.Do nottrain withsomeonewhois satisfiedwith noimprovement.G.In theend,it isreally uptoyouwhether ornot youneed atrainingpartner,m.语法填空We allknow cleanwater isimportant forgood health.But nowwe alsoknow weshould（）watch
1.we keep our water in.Plastic bottleshardened witha dangerousmaterial
2.callBPA canrelease achemical intoour waterthat harmsourbodies.Since2011,many countries
3.ban companiesfrom usingplastic withBPA infood containersand babybottles.But areothernon-BPA plasticssafePlastic labelledBPA-free mightuse otherchemicals thathave
4.harm healtheffects.
5.study haveshown thatlow levelsof thosechemicals mighthave thesame effectsas BPA.So,what shouldpeople doThe
6.good materialto drinkfrom isglass,
7.has nochemicals thatcan poisonwater.Another goodchoice
8.a drinkcontainer isstainless steel.Stainless steelbottles arebetterthan aluminumbottles,which arecovered witha thinplastic
9.protect themetal fromacids.There aremany goodfood-grade stainlesssteel waterbottles onthe market.If youdo decideto usea reusableplastic waterbottle,avoid
10.keep itinthesun.Sunlight andhot liquidspeed upthe releaseof chemicalsinto yourdrinking water.W,概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇词左右的内容概要60Antarctica isthe centerof importantscientific research.However,withanincreasingnumber ofday,scientists haveto leavetheir workto greeta groupof touristswho aretaking avacationin thiscontinent ofice.Even thoughtheir desireto enjoythis vastand beautifullandscapecan beappreciated,Antarctica shouldbe closedto tourists.Tourists inAntarctica candamage scientific research andhurt the environment.Whentourist groupscome,they takescientists awayfrom theirresearch.The workisdifficultandsome ofthe projectscan bedamaged bysuch simplemistakes asopening thewrong doororknocking againsta smallpiece ofequipment.In addition,tourists inAntarctica canalso hurttheenvironment.Members ofGreenpeace,one ofthe worldsleading environmentalorganizations,complain touristsleave trashon beachesand disturbthe plantsand animals.Ina placeas frozenas Antarctica,it cantake onehundred yearsforaplant togrow back.The needto protectAntarctica fromtourists becomeseven greaterwhen weconsider thefactthat thereis nogovernment here.Antarctica belongsto nocountry.Who ismaking surethatthe penguins,plantsandsea aresafe Noone isresponsible.It istrue thatthe number oftourists whovisit Antarcticaeach yearis smallercompared tothe numberof thosewho visitotherplaces.However,these otherplaces arecontrolled bylocal governments.They haveaninterest inprotecting theirnatural environments.Who isconcerned abouttheenvironmentofAntarctica Thescientist,tobesure,but notnecessarily thetour companiesthat makemoneyfrom sendingpeople south.If wedont protectAntarctica fromtourism,there maybe seriousconsequences forus all.We mightlose theresults ofscientificresearchprojects.Its possiblethat theseresults couldteachus somethingimportant aboutthe causesand effectsof climate change.Some fragileplantsand animalsmight dieand disappearforever.This coulddamage thebalance ofanimaland plantlife inAntarctica.We knowfrom pastexperience thatwhen thingsget unbalanced,harmful changescan occur.参考答案【基础知识过关】I.单词拼写
1.withdraw
2.violently
3.firmly
4.negative
5.responding
6.stamping
7.swore
8.consequence
9.conflictsn.单句语法填空
1.recommendation
2.negatively
3.withdrawal
4.explanation
5.What
6.to
7.to admit
8.inIII.短语填空
1.make theright judgment
2.put forward
3.on hisbehalf
4.deal with
5.asaresultW,完成句子
1.respond to
2.share with
3.had justwithdrawn
4.put forwardthe wedding
5.leading to【能力提升训练】I.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了残疾人西蒙在参加伦敦马拉松比赛时发生的温暖人心的故事细节理解题由第三段最后一句
1.His supporterswalkedwithhimtochange thebatteriesinhisexoskeleton sohe couldkeep moving.v可知，他的支持者一直跟着他是为了帮助他更换维持外骨骼运动所需要的电池，故选Bo
2.D，细节理解题由第四段第一句^In2013,Kindleysides wasdiagnosed withabraintumourthatwasgrowing ina waythat pressedon certainnerves,leading tohim losing可知，造成他残疾的原因是脑瘤压迫了某些神经,故选feeling inhis legs.D细节理解题由第五段中的“
3.C^1didntwanttoletpeople down.I hada team可知，支撑他of eight,and1was raisingmoneyforTheBrainTumourCharity,he said.“完成最后艰难的两英里的比赛的动力之一就是他为慈善机构筹款的善心,故选C推理判断题根据最后一段
4.C“Kindleysides istrainingtocomplete threemore可知，他渴望再次参加伦marathonsnextyear,including theLondonMarathonagain.”敦马拉松比赛，故选CB【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了关于新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播途径、病毒起源的研究情况研究表明病毒自身无法传播，是通过宿主细胞来感染的目前关于病毒起源的解释有三种主要的假说，但都还处于理论阶段细节理解题根据第三段第
二、三句可知，病毒自身不能繁殖，只有找
5.C到宿主细胞才能繁殖，故选C细节理解题第七段是关于病毒起源的三种假说根据第三种假说可知，
6.D研究认为病毒与宿主细胞共同进化，并且与这些细胞共存，故选D
7.A，词义猜测题根据第七段中uthere arethree mainhypotheses（假说）toexplain theoriginofviruses v以及第八段中these areonly theoriesv可知，关于病毒的起源，现在都只是处于理论阶段现在的技术和数据对于病毒的起源还无法做出“合理的”解释因此可以猜测意思为“合理的，故选plausible A推理判断题根据最后一段最后两句可以推断，要找到病毒的起源还需
8.C要很长一段时间，故选CC【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文微笑在不同的文化中是具有不同的含义的来自不同文化背景的人表达情感的方式不同，所以在跨文化交际中，我们应避免用自己的标准去评判来自其他文化背景的人细节理解题根据文章第一段中的
9.C“in Americanculture thesmileisin可知，在美国文化中，微笑一般是表达快乐的表情generalanexpressionofpleasure”此处是的同义词故选项joy pleasureC细节理解题根据文章第一段中的
10.B“It canalsohidetruefeelings.It often可知，此处提出“微笑可以被用于隐藏真正的情感”causes confusionacross cultures.^这一论点，其后提到越南人讲故事的例子就是为了论证微笑能隐藏真正的情感这一观点故选项B
11.B，推理判断题根据文章最后一段中的“The keyis totrynottojudgepeoplewhose waysof showingemotions aredifferent.If wejudge accordingtoourowncultural可知，我们在“读”habits,we maymake themistake ofreading otherpeople incorrectly.人们的表情的时候，要先了解他们的文化背景，否则很容易产生误解，故选项B主旨大意题文章围绕面部表情展开，阐述了来自不同文化背景的人表
12.C达感情的方式不同，同一面部表情在不同的文化背景中的含义可能不同的观点，所以“面部表情”是文章的主旨，即最佳标题故选项CII.七选五【语篇解读】本文是说明文有一个好的训练伙伴是好的，但是要精心挑选这个人本文告诉你如何选择一个让你满意的训练伙伴此空位于段落中，起承上启下的作用，它引出下文前一句
1.C Agoodtraining（有用的人）partnercanbeagreatassettoyourtrainingbutifyouget stuckwithabad one,.（好的训练伙伴对你的训练有帮助，但是it couldlead youdown theroad tofrustration如果选择不当就会引领你到令人沮丧的道路）”可推断，项当选择一个训练伙C伴时，需要好好挑选符合题意，引出下文需要注意的事项故选C根据上文（要找一个有积极态度的伙
2.F“Get apartner witha positiveattitude.伴）和If theyconstantly saythatsomethingisimpossibleorthattheycantoryoucan*t（如果他们经常说一些不可能的事情，或do something,you mayend upbelievingthem.者他们不能或你不能做某事，你可能最终会相信他们）“可推断，不要和一个不思进取的人一起训练故选F根据下句
3.E“The leadershould takeinto accounttheneedsand feelingsoftheother.（领导者应该考虑另一个伙伴的需求和感受，不是完partnernottotally ignoringthem全忽视他们）”可以得知在每一个伙伴关系中，一个人会趋向于成为领导者项中E的与下文的指同一事物故选the leaderThe leaderE此空是小标题，要短小精悍，概括性强根据下文如果你是一个初学者，
4.A尽量找到一个知道你将做什么的人也就是要找一个有经验的人而不是和你一样的初学者可知本段讲的是“训练水平”，故选A根据上文
5.G“While thereareanumberofadvantages ofhaving trainingpartner,尽管有一个训练伙伴有许多优势，但是独立therearealso advantagesofworkingalone.”工作也有优势最后，是不是需要一个训练伙伴真的完全取决于你表示总结故选GHI.语法填空【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了我们日常使用的塑料瓶中含有（双BPA酚）这种有害成分，而相较之下最安全的喝水容器是玻璃制品，文中还介绍了使A用可重复使用的塑料瓶饮水的注意事项就句意为但我们现在也知道了应该关注把水装在什么（容器）里保存
1.wh“we为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应使用连接代词引导故填keepourwaterin”whatwhato此处应用非谓语动词作定语，与所修饰词之间为逻辑上的
2.called callmaterial被动关系，所以应用过去分词故填called是谓语动词，时间状语表明此句应使用现在完成
3.have bannedbanSince2011时故填have banned『设空处作定语，修饰应用形容词故填
4.harmfu healtheffects,harmful
5.Studies1句意为多项研究表明，少量的那些化学物质可能会产生和双酚A相同的影响句中助动词为根据“主谓一致”原则可知，主语应为复数形have,Study式故填Studies
6.best，句意为用来喝水的最好的材质是玻璃，（因为）玻璃没有可能污染水的化学物质根据语境可知，塑料对身体有危害，而玻璃是最好的选择，同时设空处前有定冠词故用的最高级故填The,good bestbest
7.which,“has nochemicals thatcan poisonwatern为非限制性定语从句，先行词是关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系词故填glass,which whichoo峋意为另一个作为喝水容器的好选择是不锈钢（产品）根据语境可
8.for/as知，此处所填词意为“用来”或“作为”，结合句子结构可知，应填入介词或for as,表示“用来/作为故填for/as
9.toprotect，protect在此应用非谓语动词作目的状语，所以应用不定式形式故填to protecto为固定搭配,意为“避免做某事”，因此使用动名词
10.keepingavoiddoing sth.形式故填keeping keepingIV,概要写作参考范文Despite tourists1enthusiasm,they shouldbe bannedfrom Antarcticato ensurescientists1normal workin research.（要点1）They canexert abad effecton bothscientific.（要,点）research andhabitat ofwildlife withpollution anddisturbance2And theyshouldntset footon Antarcticabecause environmentitself isnot guaranteedwithout governmentthere.（要,点）3If tourismdoesnt stop,we mayface catastrophicoutcomes,namely ignoranceofknowledge aboutclimatechangeand potentialextinction ofvulnerable wildlife,thus（要点）causing imbalanceof ecosystem.4。
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