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学年高二英语下学期期末模拟卷（北京）
2023.2024第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题
1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂A BC D黑It washard notto noticean8-year-old kidstorming in and out of hisown house.He doesnthave afather/9said hisneighbor,William Dunn.I canprobably dosomething forThatsomething wasfishing,a]Dunns fatherhad sharedwith him.It broughtme peaceand taughtme how to bepatient,“he said.He thentook thekid fishingevery weekend.Gradually hetook groupsof kidsout tofish.Most didnthavefather figures.They^been through a lot,and theirlives were2J saidDunn.But whenthey werefishing,all of thatdisappeared.On theboat,theyd belaughing andmaking newfriends.They just3the moment.”4by thisscene,Dunn startedthe nonprofitTake aKid Fishing.He and the volunteershave introduced2,500kids-most withoutfathers5-to thecalming peacefound on the waterand theexcitementof catchinga fish.Just asimportant asthe fishingare the6Dunn formswith thosekids.When they have arough time,Dunn willtalkwith them,emphasizing self-respect andmental7,One of the kids,Bella Smith,said shewouldforget about the pastwhile fishingand concentrate on somethingpositive.Fishing is learning/she said.Ivelearned I8a betterlife thanwhat1had.Whenever I feel down,I knowits timeto gofishing.”Dunns fatherpassed awaythis year,so fishinghas9new meaningfor him.I have a strongerliking fbrit becausenow Im fatherlesstoo.Theres nothinglike feelingthat firstpull on the lineand seeinga kidlight up with a smileJ saidDunn.Ifeel_10to witnessthat everyweekend.”
1.A.case B.passion C.duty D.goal
2.A.difficult B,dramatic C-adventurous D.boring
3.A.remembered B.regretted C-recorded D.appreciated
4.A.Entertained B.Shocked C.Inspired D.Confused
5.A.nearby B.around C-ahead D.throughout
6.A.identities B,agreements C.relationships D.opinions
7.A.toughness B.dependence C.sharpness D.defense
8.A.require B・deserve C・lead D.secure
9.A.left behindB・turned intoC,carried outD.taken on
10.A.curious B.nervous C.lucky D.hesitant【答案】
1.B
2.A
3..D
4.C
5.B
6.C
7.A
8.B
9.DA.In testingresults.B.In workprocesses.C.In bodilyfunctions.D.In trainingmethods.
32.What is the mainfeature of the typicaltasks inmemory trainingappsA.Simple.B.Effective.C.Demanding.D.Interesting.
33.What docritics thinkmemory trainingapps lackA.Legal claims.B.Proven effects.C.Tailored services.D.Appealing concepts
34.What canbe thesuitable titlefor the textA.Can OurMemory beImprovedB.Does BrainTraining ActuallyWorkC.What haveScientists Foundabout MemoryD.What doesthe BrainTraining IndustryBring【答案】
31.D
32.C
33.B
34.B【导语】本文是议论文，文章对经过良好设计的大脑练习能够改善记忆力的有效性进行讨论细节理解题根据第二段
31.“They comparethe brainto muscles,suggesting thattargeted repetitionof memoryexercises can strengthen and condition our memory processes,similar tohow athletesengage instrength andconditioning（他们将大脑与肌肉进行比较,表明有针对性的重复记忆练习可by repeatedly exercising specific muscle groups.^^以加强和调节我们的记忆过程，类似于运动员通过反复锻炼特定肌肉群来增强力量和调节能力）可知，许多研究者认为大脑类似于肌肉，也可以通过重复的练习来得到加强和调节，即训练方法相似，故选D细节理解题根据第三段
32.“In contrastto everydayactivities likesolving acomplex puzzle,memory trainingapps arespecifically designed toprovide amore challengingworkout for the brain.These appstypically involvetasks thatrequiretracking a large numberof objectswhile beingdistracted by a secondarytask,such asmental calculationsor exploringa（与解决复杂谜题等日常活动不同，记忆训练应用程序是专门为大脑提供更具挑战性的锻炼games landscape.”而设计的这些应用通常涉及需要跟踪大量对象的任务，同时被次要任务分散注意力，例如心算或探索游戏景观）可知，记忆训练应用程序中典型任务的主要特点是具有挑战性，非常苛刻，故选C细节理解题根据第四段
33.Critics,though,argue thatwhile theconcept is appealing,the overallevidence failsto（然而，批评者认为，尽管这个概念很吸引人，但总demonstrate significantimprovement incore brainprocesses.体证据未能证明大脑核心过程有显著改善”）可知，批评者认为记忆训练应用程序缺乏经过证实的效果，故选B主旨大意题通过全文可知，文章的话题是通过手机应用程序进行大脑训练可以提高记忆力，但批评者对
34.这些应用程序的有效性表示怀疑虽然证据显示短期记忆训练对高功能人群有益，但大脑训练并不是对每个人都有效，故“大脑训练真的有效吗”契合文章主旨，最适合作为标题故选B B第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Weve allbeen there一youve senta messageand itsmarked“read”，but youhavent heardanything back.Whats（已读不回）the dealWhile beingleft onread canbe confusing,its alsopretty common.35Here area fewtips.Expect the best.Remind yourselfthat theperson isprobably justbusy.Ask yourselfif you actually knowtheir schedule.Therecould besome timecommitments you arent awareof.Here area fewother reasonsfor adelayed response.36They puttheir phone away to focus on work or school.They accidentallyforgot to reply.Maybe theythought aboutwhat theywantedto saybut didntactually textit.Resist thetemptation（诱惑）to double-text.37If yousend a lot offollow-up texts,itll behard for them tokeep upand theymight getstressed.Leave themwith just one text to catch up on——the otherperson willprobably appreciateyour patience.Read overyour previousmessages.See ifthere areany confusingtexts that you need to clarify.Its okayif youreview yourmessage againand noticethat it might have been a littleunclear-it happens!3839Keep itout ofsight andget somepeace ofmind.Dont letit upsetor confuseyou.If youget yourmind offany notifications,youll beable tobrainstorm newways tospend yourtime.A.Put your phone away.B.Fix your attention closelyon textresponses.C.Give thema littlespace sothey have a chance to reply.D.They want to giveyoualonger responsebut cantright now.E.Ask yourselfwhy beingleft onread frustratesor confusesyou.F.You cankeep thesituation frombothering you until you hear back.G.You mightfeel relievedwhen you find somethingthat iseasy tomisread.【答案】
35.F
36.D
37.C
38.G
39.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了当别人阅读你的信息后，不回复你时，要学会心平气和的面对，不要让社交软件影响到你的生活根据后文（这里有一些建议）”以及前文］这种情况很常见）”可
35.“Here area fewtips.“its alsopretty common知，空处应该是承上启下说明可以应用这些建议避免被影响，所以项F“You cankeep thesituation frombothering（你可以避免这种情况困扰你）”符合文意故选项youuntilyouhearback.F根据上文（以下是延迟响应的其他一些原因）“以及下文
36.“Here area fewother reasonsfor adelayed response.“They puttheirphoneawaytofocus onworkorschool.They accidentallyforgot toreply.Maybe theythought aboutwhat（他们把手机收起来，专注于工作或学习他们不小心忘了回复也they wantedto saybut didntactually textit.许他们想到了他们想说什么，但实际上并没有发短信广可知，空处是延迟响应的可能原因,与项D“They want（他们想给你更长的回复，但现在不能）“上下文一致，符合文to giveyoualonger responsebut cantright now.意故选项D根据前文（不要信息轰炸对方）”以及后文
37.“Resist thetemptation todouble-text.“If yousend alot offollow-up一texts,ifll behard for them tokeep upand theymight getstressed.Leave themwithjustonetexttocatchupon the other（如果你发了很多后续短信，他们很难跟上，他们可能会感到压力person willprobably appreciateyour patience.只给他们留一条信息，让他们跟上进度——对方可能会感激你的耐心）”可知，本段讲述不要一直给对方发信息，要给对方一些时间，让他们跟上你的信息，所以C项（给“Give thema littlespace sotheyhave a chancetoreply.他们一点空间，让他们有机会回答）”符合文意故选C项
38.根据段首句“Read overyour previousmessages.（阅读你之前的信息），及上文See ifthere areany confusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.Its okayif youreview yourmessage againand noticethatitmighthavebeenalittle（看看是否有什么令人困惑的文本需要澄清如果你再次查看你的信息，并注意到它可能有unclear—it happens!点不清楚，这是没有关系的——这种情况发生了!）可知，再次查看信息可能会发现一些被误读的东西，与G项（可能会感到宽慰，当你发现了一些容易You mightfeel relievedwhen youfind somethingthat iseasy tomisread.被误读的东西广上下文一致，符合文意故选G项根据下句（把它放在你看不到的地方，让你的内心平静下来）
39.“Keep itout ofsight andget somepeace ofmind.以及后文Dont letit upsetor confuseyou.If youget yourmind offanynotifications,youll beable tobrainstorm new（不要让它困扰或迷惑你如果你不去想任何通知，你就能头脑风暴出新的打发时间的ways tospend yourtime.方法）”可知，本段主题是把手机放到一边，眼不见，心不烦与其纠结为什么会被“已读不回”，不如放下手机，做些更有意义的事所以项“.（把手机收起来）”起到概括作用，符合文意故A Putyour phoneaway选项A第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第
40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题Gestures referto thecommunication wherevisible bodilyactions are used to communicate important messages.Theyinclude movementof hands,face,or otherparts of the body.Gestures benefitour livesalot.Take languagelearning.（音节）In somelanguages,certain syllableswithin wordsare pronouncedwith markedlymore weightthan others,called lexical stress.Languages such as Englishcommonly featurelexical stress.For example,the word€Caccenf,involvesmore emphasison thefirst syllable,ac”,than thesecond,“cent”.Native speakersof Chinese,however,dont uselexicalstress and therefore findit difficultto learnlanguages thatfeature it.Making anyhand gesture could help learners recognize lexical stress,which hasbeen proved by Xing Tians team.They selected124native Chinesespeakers,who watchedvideos ofpeople performinghand movementsthat weresynced（同步的）to recordingsof thesame Englishwords.In addition,they alsofound when more pronounced gestures matchedthe stressed syllable,the participantswere particularlygood atidentifying it.The researchinvolved severalexperiments,which makesit difficultto combinethe results.Nevertheless,Tianestimates that the use of gestures helped identify lexical stress between10and15percent moreaccurately comparedwithno gestures at all,and howmuch help depends on the nature of gestures.A follow-up studyconducted byanother teamexposed thesame Chinesespeakers toRussian wordsand gotsimilarresults.Our findingshighlight thefunctional roleof gesturesin enhancingspeech learning,suggesting practicalstrategiesfbr languageteaching and learning/,the researcherswrite in their paper.The benefitsof gesturesextend far beyond teaching andlearning.Since gesturesare deeplyintegrated intoour dailylives,they deservemore of ourattention.
40.What dogestures mean
41.What didXing Tiansteam findin theirstudy
42.Please decidewhich partis falsein thefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.Gestures help learn lexical stress,but thedecree towhich theyhelp depends on thecomplexity ofthe lexical stress.（）
43.Besides whatis mentionedin thepassage,how dogestures benefityou inyour lifeIn about40words【答案】
40.Gestures referto thecommunication wherevisible bodilyactions areused tocommunicate importantmessages.
41.Any hand gesture could help learners recognize lexicalstress.Besides,when more pronounced gesturesmatched the stressed syllable,the participantswere particularlygood atidentifying it.
42.Gestures helplearn lexicalstress,but thedegree towhich theyhelp depends onthecomplexity of/he lexicalstress.Gestures helplearn lexicalstress,but howmuch help dependsonthe natureof gestures.
43.Gestures makeit easyfor meto convey feelings and betterconnect with others.For example,when I want to express excitement,waving myhands ornoddingvigorously canhelp mecommunicate the emotion effectively.That alsoallows meto buildstronger relationshipswith others.【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了什么是手势语，手势语在语言学习中的重要性考查细节理解根据第一段
44.Gestures referto thecommunication wherevisible bodilyactions areused to（手势指的是用可见的身体动作来传达重要信息的交流方式）”可知，手势指的communicate importantmessages.是用可见的身体动作来传达重要信息的交流方式故填Gestures referto thecommunication wherevisible bodilyactionsareusedtocommunicateimportantmessages.考查细节理解根据第三段
45.“Making anyhandgesturecouldhelplearnersrecognizelexicalstress,which hasbeen（做任何手势都可以帮助学习者识别词汇重音，的团队已经证明了provedbyXing Tiansteam.Xing Tian这一点）及“In addition,they alsofound whenmorepronouncedgestures matchedthestressedsyllable,the participants（此夕卜，他们还发现，当更明显的手势与重读音节相匹配时，参与者特were particularlygood atidentifying it.别擅长识别它）”可知，的团队发现任何手势都可以帮助学习者识别词汇重音此外，当更明显的XingTian手势与重读音节相匹配时，参与者特别擅长识别它故填Any handgesturecouldhelplearnersrecognizelexicalstress.Besides,whenmorepronouncedgesturesmatchedthestressedsyllable,the participantswere particularlygood atidentifyingit.考查细节理解根据第四段
46.“Tian estimatesthat theuseof gestureshelpedidentifylexicalstressbetween10and15（percent moreaccurately comparedwith nogesturesat all,and howmuch helpdependsonthe natureof gestures.Tian教授估计，与完全不使用手势相比，使用手势识别单词重音的准确率提高了到而有多大的帮助取决10%15%,于手势的性质广可知，第一句中最后错误，手势有助于学习单词重音，但有多大的帮助取决ofthe lexicalstress于“手势的性质（）而不是”词汇重音（）故填the natureofgestures”,thelexicalstress Gestures helplearn lexicalstress,but thedegree towhich theyhelpdependsonthecomplexity thelexicalstress./Gestureshelplearnlexicalstress,buthow muchhelpdependsonthenatureofgestures.考查推理判断根据文章第一段以学习为例）”及最后一段
47.“Take languagelearning4“The benefitsof gesturesextendfarbeyondteachingandlearning.Since gesturesare deeplyintegrated intoour dailylives,they deservemore ofour（手势的好处远远超出了教和学由于手势深深地融入了我们的日常生活，它们值得我们更多的关注）attention.并结合全文可知，文章介绍了什么是手势语，手势语在教与学中的重要性，止匕外，还可以从“手势语可以帮助我们更好的表达情感，与他人交流”方面进行举例说明，例如，当我想表达兴奋时，大力挥手或点头可以帮助我有效地传达情绪这也让我与他人建立了更牢固的关系故填Gestures makeit easyfor metoconveyfeelingsand betterconnect withothers.For example,when Iwantto express excitement,waving myhands ornodding vigorouslycanhelp mecommunicate theemotion effectively.That alsoallows meto buildstronger relationships withothers.第二节（20分）.假定你是高中生李华，在美国朋友的帮助下，获得了学校上周英文演讲比赛第一名请给写封48James James邮件，内容包括.表示感谢；
1.比赛情况；
2.你的感想3注意.词数左右；
1100.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯4Dear James,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear James,Im writingto extendmy sinceregratitude fbryour assistanceto me.Hadnt itbeen foryour help,I wouldnthaveachieved such a wonderful result in the English speech contest.To behonest,I didnthave enoughconfidence in myself atfirst.So Ihesitated aboutwhether tosign in the contestornot.It wasyou whoencouraged meto stepout ofmy comfortzone andface thechallenge.I stillremember thedays wespent together when you corrected my speech draft and pronunciation overand overagain.At lastI wasoverjoyed towinthe firstplace inthe competition.Im inspiredto acceptmore challengesinthefuture andwould liketoexpressmy heartfeltthanks again!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生给美国朋友写邮件，就对方帮助自己在学校英文演讲比赛得到第一James名这件事向对方表示感谢，说明比赛情况及自己的感想【详解】.词汇积累1诚挚的一sincere genuine鼓励一encourage inspire/motivate（勇敢）面对face—brave传达/表达express^convey,句式拓展同义句转换原句2Hadnt itbeen fbryour help,I wouldnthave achievedsuchawonderful resultinthe拓展句Englishspeech contest.But fbr/Without yourhelp,I wouldnthave achievedsuchawonderfulresultin theEnglishspeechcontest.［点睛］【高分句型］（运1It wasyou whoencouraged meto stepout ofmy comfortzone andface thechallenge.用了结构的强调句型）It was…who［高分句型］2I stillremember thedays wespenttogetherwhenyoucorrectedmyspeechdraftandpronunciationover（运用了省略了关系词和引导的限制性定语从句）and overagain.when【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了看到邻居家没有父亲的孩子，想要帮助他，带他去钓鱼，从William Dunn那之后他发起了非盈利组织“带孩子去钓鱼”，帮助了很多失去父亲的孩子的故事考查名词词义辨析句意那就是钓鱼，这是邓恩的父亲和他共同的爱好情况；热衷的爱
1.A.case B.passion好、酷爱；责任；目标根据下文可知，钓鱼是的父亲和C.duty D.goal“Dunns fatherhad sharedwith him”Dunn他一起做的事情，是两个人共同的爱好故选项B.考查形容词词义辨析句意“他们经历了很多，他们的生活很艰难，”邓恩说困难的；2A.difficult B.dramatic戏剧性的；冒险的；无聊的根据上文.和C.adventurous D.boring“Most didnthave fatherfigures Theydbeen可知，孩子们经历了很多，没有父亲，生活是艰难的故选项throughalot,and theirlives were”A考查动词词义辨析句意他们只是欣赏这一刻记得；后悔；记录；
3.A.remembered B.regretted C.recorded欣赏，感激根据上文可知钓鱼的时候，D.appreciated“On theboat,theyd belaughing andmaking newfHends”I,大家都很快乐，享受并欣赏这一时刻故选项D考查形容词词义辨析句意受到这个场景的启发，邓恩创办了非营利组织“带孩子去钓鱼:愉
4.A.Entertained快的；震惊的；受鼓舞的，受启发的；困惑的根据上一段B.Shocked C.Inspired D.Confused“On theboat,theyd be及下文可知，受到上文场景的启发，创办了非盈利组织laughing andmaking newfriends.”by thisscene”Dunn故选项C考查介词、副词词义辨析句意:他和志愿者们已经让个孩子——大多数没有父亲在身边——感受到了
5.2500水面上的平静和捕鱼的兴奋在附近；周围；在前面；各处，遍及A.nearby B.around C.ahead D.throughout根据上文可知，参加组织的孩子们都没有父亲在身边，此处用作宾补故选项“most withoutfathers”around B考查名词词义辨析句意和钓鱼一样重要的是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系身份，特性；
6.A.identities B.agreements同意；关系；观点根据下文可C.relationships D.opinions“When theyhave arough time,Dunn willtalk with them”知，由于钓鱼，和孩子们之间的关系也加强了，孩子们有困难时，他会找孩子们谈话故选项Dunn C考查名词词义辨析句意当他们遇到困难时，邓恩会与他们交谈，强调自尊和精神上的坚韧坚
7.A.toughness韧;独立；锋利；防御根据上文及B.dependence C.sharpness D.defense“When theyhavearough time”emphasizing可知，当没有父亲的孩子们遇到困难，和孩子们交谈，强调精神上的坚韧符合文意self-respect andmental”Dunn故选项A考查动词词义辨析句意我明白了我应该过上比现在更好的生活要求；值得；
8.A.require B.deserve C.lead带领；D.secure（尤指经过努力）获得根据前文“concentrateon somethingpositive及“a betterlife thanwhat Ihad”可知，表示她学会更积极地面对生活，自己值得更好的生活故选项Bella SmithB考查动词短语辨析句意邓恩的父亲今年去世了，所以钓鱼对他来说有了新的意义留下；
9.A.left behind变成；执行；承担，呈现根据上文及B.turned intoC.carried outD.taken on“Dunns fatherpassed awaythis year”下文“I havea strongerliking forit becausenowImfatherlesstoo”可知,Dunn的爸爸去世了，他也没有了爸爸，因此，钓鱼对他而言也呈现了新的意义故选项D考查形容词词义辨析句意我很幸运每个周末都能看到这些好奇的；紧张的；
10.A.curious B.nervous C.lucky幸运的；犹豫的根据下文D.hesitant“Theres nothinglike feelingthat firstpull onthe lineand seeinga kidlightupwith可知，看到孩子们拉起鱼线,露出笑容,觉得自己是幸运的故选项a smile”Dunn C第二节共10小题；每小题
1.5分，共15分A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Recently Ihad anexperience ofeating dinnerat a“dark restaurant“，11people eatin completedarkness.Diners ate12they whole meal intotal blacknessand hadto relyonthewaiters89guidance ifthey neededto goto thebathroom.Iwanted tounderstand theexperience ofbeing blind.Then I found outeating wasa13real difficultactivity.【答案】
11.where
12.their
13.really【导语】本文为记叙文，介绍了作者在一家“黑暗餐厅”用餐的经历考查定语从句句意最近我有一次在一家“黑暗餐厅”吃饭的经历，在那里人们在完全黑暗的环境中吃饭
11.分析句子，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a“darkrestaurant”，关系词作从句的地点状语，用关系副词引导从句故填where where考查形容词性物主代词句意用餐者在完全黑暗的环境中用餐，如果需要上厕所，还得依靠服务员的引
12.导空处修饰作定语，为人称代词主格，应该改为形容词性物主代词“他们的”故填wholemealthey theirtheiro考查副词句意然后我发现吃东西是一件非常困难的事情为形容词，空处修饰形容词用副词作
13.difficult状语，符合题意故填really really考查动词语态句意:每年月，获奖者都会从一长串候选人名单中选出结合可知本句陈述事
15.10Each year实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语与选择”为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语the laureateselect为第三人称单数，动词用故填be isis selected阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空The NobelPrize forLiterature isan famousinternational prize14award annuallyto authorsin recognitionof their获奖者outstanding bodiesof literarywork.Each year,the laureate15select inOctoberfrom along listof candidates.The laureate16receive agold medaland adiploma inaddition toa largesum ofmoneyfor theprize ata ceremonyheld inStockholm.【答案】
14.awarded
15.is selected
16.receives【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了诺贝尔文学奖考查非谓语动词句意诺贝尔文学奖是一项著名的国际奖项，每年颁发给作家，以表彰他们杰出的文学作
14.品本句系动词为此处为非谓语动词，且与“授予”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语，修饰is,prize award故填prize awarded考查时态、主谓一致句意在斯德哥尔摩举行的颁奖典礼上，获奖者除了获得一大笔奖金外，还会获得
16.一枚金质奖章和一张证书收到:这句话描述的是一个通常发生的情况，即每年的获奖者在颁奖典礼上receive会收到金牌、证书及奖金由于这是对一般情况的陈述，句子时态使用一般现在时，且主语为第三the laureate人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数故填receivesC阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处括1号内所给词的正确形式填空Go tokindergarten,elementary school,high school,and finally,college.Most American kids17expect by theirparents to get aneducation and havea good life.For Tara Westover,the outlookwas quitedifferent.18raise ina poorfamilyin Idaho,Tara wasnot allowedto havea propereducation.Her father19keep heroutofschool,believing awomansbest placewas inthe home.How didTara fight20the righttogeteducated Findthe answerinthebestsellerEducated.【答案】
17.are expected
18.Raised
19.kept
20.for【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了大多数美国孩子都会接受教育，并且父母会为他们安排好上学的一切但是对于来说，她并没有接受教育，因为她的父亲认为女人最好呆在家里TaraWestover考查时态和语态句意大多数美国孩子都被他们的父母期待接受教育，并且有有一个好的教育分析句
17.子可知，空处在句中为谓语，结合句中可知，空处的时态为一般现在时句子主语“andhavea goodlife”“most为复数，与动词为动宾关系，所以语态为被动语态，所以空处用故填Americankids”“expect”are expected,expectedo考查非谓语动词句意塔拉在爱达荷州的一个贫困家庭长大，不被允许接受适当的教育分析句子可知，
18.逗号前的内容在句中为状语，句子主语与动词为动宾关系，所以空处用过去分词表示被动“Tara”“raise”raised处于句首，所以首字母大写故填Raised考查时态句意她父亲不让她上学，认为女人最好待在家里分析句子可知，空处在句中为谓语，结合
19.句中可知，空处的时态为一般过去时故填“was”kept考查介词句意塔拉如何争取受教育的权利呢？短语争取……”，为固定搭配故填
20.fight forfor第二部分阅读理解共两节，38分第一节共14小题；每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑A BC DARossMathematics ProgramTheRoss Programisasummer experiencedesigned forpre-college students.Mission StatementAt Ross,we providestudents witha focusedand supportiveenvironment formathematical exploration.Weencourage mathematicalcooperation andcommunity building,instead ofdirect competitionbetween students.XAt Ross,we wantto create an environmentthat allows students to explore their relationships with mathematics,and wetry to create anexperience that allows students to exploremathematics deeply,to experiencemathematics forthemselves,and toshare thisexploration andjoy withothers.Ross Staff（辅导员）We haveexcellent counselorswho areresponsible forteaching mathematics,providing socialandemotional supportfor students,and monitoringstudent safety.They arealso responsiblefor beingrole modelsfor students,and fordeveloping awelcoming campculture amongthe participants.Program DatesThere will be two sites forthe Ross Program:^At OtterbeinUniversity inColumbus,OH.June9through July19,2024^At Rose-Hulman Instituteof Technologyin TerreHaute,Indiana,June16through July26,2024All participantstypically livewitharoommate ina campusdormitory.ApplyingXPre-college students who are interested in mathematics areinvited toapply.First-year studentsrange inage from15to18years old,but inunique cases,younger orolder students are accepted.We expectabout60first-year studentsateach site.Admission decisionsare basedon schoolperformance,teacher recommendations,essays about the applicanfsinterests and goals,andthe applicants workon somechallenging math problems.The feefor attendingthe programis$7,000,though wereable toprovide financialaid for studentswhoneedfinancial assistanceto attendthe program.The studentfee coverstuition,housing andmeals.Please feelfree toemail usat rossctrossprogram.org\
21.What is the goalofthe programA.To teachstudentstobuild goodrelationshipswithothers.B.To helpstudents exploremathematics deeplyand joyfully.C.To givestudentsachancetoshare theirjoy withothers.D.To createagoodcompetitive environmentforstudents.
22.What dowe knowabout theprogramA.It isheld intwo countries.B.It isonly opento15-to18-year-olds.C.It offersfree on-campus housing.D.It lastsfor aboutsix weeks.
23.Who aremost likelyto beaccepted bytheprogramA.Those whoapply andpay thefee inadvance.B,Those whoare recommendedbytheirteachers.C.Those whohaveagreat interest inmathematics.D.Those whohave publishedessays aboutmathproblems.【答案】
21.B
22.D
23.B【导语】本文是一篇应用文文章介绍数学项目的目的，员工，项目时间，申请人要求及费用等信息Ross细节理解题根据Mission Statement中的
21.“AtRoss,we wanttocreatean environmentthatallowsstudents toexploretheirrelationshipswithmathematics,and wetry tocreateanexperience thatallowsstudentstoexplore（在罗mathematics deeply,to experiencemathematics forthemselves,and toshare thisexploration andjoy withothers.斯，我们希望创造一个环境，让学生探索他们与数学的关系，我们试图创造一种体验，让学生深入探索数学，亲身体验数学，并与他人分享这种探索和快乐户可知，这个项目的目标是帮助学生深入、愉快地探索数学故选B细节理解题根据Program Dates中的
22.“TherewillbetwositesfortheRossProgram:XAt OtterbeinUniversity inColumbus,OH.June9through July19,2024^At Rose-Hulman Instituteof Technologyin TerreHaute,Indiana,June16（罗斯项目将有两个地点※在俄亥俄州哥伦布市的奥特拜因大学年月日到through July26,20242024697月19日,X2024年6月16日至7月26日，在印第安纳州特雷霍特的罗斯・霍尔曼理工学院户可知，这个项目持续大约六周故选D细节理解题根据Applying中的
23.“Admission decisionsare basedon schoolperformance,teacher recommendations,.（录取决essays abouttheapplicantsinterestsandgoals,andtheapplicants workonsomechallenging mathproblems定是基于学校表现，老师推荐、关于申请人兴趣和目标的论文，以及申请人在一些具有挑战性的数学问题上的工作广可知，老师推荐的学生最有可能被这个项目录取故选BBOne Saturdaylast November,I steppedinto mylocal library.I wasabout toread abook whenI heardan elderlymanspeak toa lady.“This librarywill soonbecome acafe.Everyone isreading withelectronic devicesJ hesaid.Hearing this,I wantedto shout,“I stillread librarybooks!”But my words stuck inmy throat and Ifound teenagers around me weretalking to friendsor staringat theirphones.Reading onlinefeels roboticto me.Ifs likeI stareatascreen andclick“next”forthefollowing pageto appearuntilthe veryend ofthee-book,and atthe endof allofthat,I justthink,Thats itBut whenI reada printedbook,its likeImholding on to the characters.I canimagine theplot better,as I can picturethe scenesof eachmoment inmy headwith moreaccuracy and imagination.Besides,some onlinebooks misscomponents thatareinthe printednovels.For instance,the physicalcopy ofafantasy novelI haveread containsa map,but thee-book versiondoes not.That isan injusticetoe-book users;after readingandunderstanding themap,the storymade alot moresense forme,in termsofthesetting andplot.And personally,physically turningto thenext pageis belterthan clickingnexl”.When readingonline,I sometimesworrythat Iclick next”too quickly.It feelsmore likea race;Iwantto finishit becausethe pagesjust keepmaking that“flipping“sound andI wonderhow longthe bookreally is.Some printed books havea specialsmell that makes thenovel feelspecial tome.Its hard to describebut Imsure Imnotthe onlyone thatthinks so.I knowI cannotconvince everyteen toswitch fromthe digitalbook to theprinted one,but maybemy writingaboutthedifference willat leastget someof themto thinkabout it.
24.Why willthe librarybe replacedbyacafeA.Few peoplehead forit.B.It lacksgood management.C.Few peopleread itsbooks.D.It holdslittle attractionfortheyouth.
25.Why doesthe authorprefer printedbooks accordingto paragraph2A.They includeadditional contents.B.They providea strongconnection tothe characters.C.They havea specialpleasant smell.D.They can improve readers9imagination.
26.What isthe authorspurpose ofwriting thistextA.To inspireteenagers9interestinreading.B.To showadvantages ofprintedbooks.C.To reducethe impactof electronic devices.D.To encourageteens tochange thereading medium.【答案】
24.C
25.B
26.D【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文作者通过自己的亲身感受，比较了电子书和纸质书的不同，展现了纸质书的优势，引导青少年阅读纸质书细节理解题根据第一段（每个人都在用电子设备阅读）以及
24.“Everyone isreading withelectronicdevices“But.（但我的mywordsstuckinmythroatandIfoundteenagersaroundmewere talkingto friendsor staringat theirphones话哽在喉咙里，我发现我周围的青少年正在和朋友聊天或盯着他们的手机看厂可知，图书馆要被咖啡厅取代是因为很少有人读图书馆的书故选项C细节理解题根据第二段
25.“But whenI reada printedbook,its like2m holdingontothecharacters.Icanimagine the（但当我读纸质plot better,as Ican picturethe scenesof eachmoment inmy headwith moreaccuracyandimagination.书的时候，就好像我紧紧抓住了书中的人物我可以更好地想象情节，因为我可以更准确、更有想象力地在脑海中描绘每一刻的场景广可知，作者更喜欢印刷书籍是因为他们给人留下鲜活的印象故选项B推理判断题根据最后——段
26.“I knowI cannotconvince everyteen toswitch fromthe digitalbook tothe printedone,（我矢口道我无法说月艮每but maybemy writingaboutthedifference willat leastget someof themto thinkabout it.一个青少年从电子书转向纸质书，但也许我写的关于区别的文章至少会让他们中的一些人思考这个问题广可推知，作者写作的目的是鼓励青少年改变阅读媒介故选项DCWeve allbeen there:inalift,in lineatthebank oron anairplane,surrounded bypeople whoare,like us,deeplyfocused on their smartphonesor,worse,struggling withthe uncomfortablesilence.Whats theproblem Itspossible thatalong withthe rapiddevelopment ofsociety,we allfocusonourphone anddesktop,and thereforeit results in ourcompromised conversationalintelligence.However,its morelikely that none of usstart aconversation becauseits awkwardand challenging,or wethink its annoying andunnecessary.But thenext timeyoufind yourself among strangers,consider thatsmall talk is worth the trouble.Experts sayits aninvaluable socialpractice that resultsin big benefits.Dismissing small talk asunimportant iseasy,but wecant forgetthat deeprelationships wouldnteven exist（润滑剂）if itwerent forsmall conversation.Small talkisthegrease forsocial communication,says BernardoCarducci,director ofthe ShynessResearch Instituteat IndianaUniversity Southeast.Almost everygreat lovestory andeachbig businessdeal beginswith small talk Jhe explains.The keyto successful small talkis learninghow toconnectwith others,not justcommunicate withthem.”In a2014study,Elizabeth Dunn,associate professorof psychologyat UBC,invited peopleontheirway intoacoffee shop.One groupwas askedto seekout aninteraction withits waiter;the other,to speakonly whennecessary.Theresults showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelingsand a better coffeeshop experience.“Its notthat talkingtothewaiter isbetter thantalkingtoyour husband,says Dunn.But interactionswith（边缘的）peripheral membersofoursocial networkmatter forour well-being also.”Dunn believesthat peoplewho reachout tostrangers feela significantlygreater senseof belonging,a bondwithothers.Carducci believesdeveloping sucha senseof belongingstarts withsmall talk.Small talkisthe basis of goodmanners Jhe says.
27.What doesthe underlinedword compromised“in paragraph2meanA.Weakened.B.Enhanced.C.Secret.D.Natural.A.Showing goodmanners.B・Relating toother people.
28.What isimportant forsuccessfulsmalltalk accordingto CarducciC.Focusing ona topic.D.Making businessdeals.A.It madethe coffeetaste better.B.It reducedwaiting timein line.
29.What canwe learnabout smalltalk fromthe coffee shop studyC.It improvedpeoples moodand experience.D.It helpedthem bondwiththeserver deeply.
30.What isthetextmainly aboutA.Elevator manners.B.The importanceof smalltalk.C.Smartphones andsocial media.D.Developing deeprelationships.【答案】
27.A
28.B
29.C
30.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了闲聊给人们生活带来的积极影响和重要意义.词义猜测题根据第二段的27Whats theproblem Itspossible thatalong withthe rapiddevelopment ofsociety,weall focusonourphoneanddesktop,and thereforeit resultsin ourcompromised conversationalintelligence.However,itsmore likelythatnoneofusstart aconversation becauseits awkwardand challenging,or wethink itsannoying and.（有什么问题吗？有可能随着社会的快速发展，我们都把注意力集中在手机和电脑上，因此导致我unnecessary们的谈话能力…・・・然而，更有可能的是，我们都不交谈了，因为这很尴尬，很有挑战性，或者我们认为这很烦人，没有必要户可知，人们的注意力集中在自己的手机和电脑上，不愿意与他人交流，因此可推知人们的谈话能力会有所“减弱由此可知，画线词与项意思相近故选A A细节理解题根据第三段的
28.“The keyto successfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnect withothers,not just（成功闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流广可知，成功communicate withthem.闲聊的关键在于如何与他人建立联系，而不是仅仅和他们交流故选B.细节理解题根据第四段的29“The resultsshowed thatthose whochatted withtheir serverreported significantlyhigher（结果显示，那些与服务员聊天的人表现出明显更高的积极情positive feelingsand a better coffeeshopexperience.绪和更好的咖啡馆体验厂可知，闲聊能够有效地提升人们的情绪和咖啡馆体验感故选C主旨大意题通读全文可知，根据第二段的
30.“But thenext timeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,consider thatsmall（但下次当你发现自己talkisworththetrouble.Experts sayitsaninvaluable socialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.身处陌生人之中时，考虑一下，闲聊是值得的专家表示，这是一种宝贵的社会实践，会带来很大的好处）”和第四段的“The resultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsand（结果显示，那些与服务员聊天的人表现出明显更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡馆体abettercoffeeshopexperience.验）”以及最后一段的“Dunn believesthat peoplewho reachout tostrangers feela significantlygreater senseofbelonging,a bondwithothers.Carducci believesdeveloping sucha senseof belongingstarts withsmalltalk.Small talkis（邓恩认为，与陌生人接触的人会有更强烈的归属感，与他人建立联系卡杜thebasisofgoodmanners Jhe says.奇认为，培养这种归属感始于闲聊「闲聊是良好举止的基础，”他说厂可知，本文主要介绍了闲聊给人们生活带来的积极影响，即闲聊的重要性故选BDIf therewas anapp claimingto improveyour memory,would yoube willingto tryit Itshardtoresist theidea ofhavingabettermemory.In responseto thisperceived need,the brain training industryhas grownrapidly,offering awide rangeof accessibleandaffordable mentalexercises throughsmartphone andtablet apps.Many researchershave foundevidence suggestingthatwell-designed exercisescanimprovemental abilitiesand leadto betterscores onIQ tests.They comparethe braintomuscles,suggesting thattargeted repetitionof memoryexercisescanstrengthenandcondition ourmemoryprocesses,similar tohow athletesengage instrength andconditioning byrepeatedlyexercisingspecificmusclegroups.In contrastto everydayactivities likesolving acomplex puzzle,memory trainingapps arespecificallydesignedtoprovide amore challengingworkout forthe brain.These appstypically involvetasks thatrequire trackingalargenumber（使分心）of objectswhile beingdistracted bya secondarytask,such asmental calculationsor exploringa gameslandscape.If thisbrain trainingproves effective,it couldbe beneficialfor individualswith brain-related disabilitiesorthose recoveringfrom conditionslike cancer.Critics,though,argue thatwhile theconcept isappealing,the overallevidence failsto demonstratesignificantimprovement incore brainprocesses.Additionally,despite theclaims madeby manyapps andbraintrainingcompanies,scientists haveyet toidentify thekey factorsthatmakean interventiontruly effectiveor determinethebestapproaches toaddressthe diverseneeds ofindividuals seekinghelp.While thequestion isstill opento debate,there isevidence suggestingthat short-term workingmemory trainingcanbenefit high-functioning individuals.However,its importantto notethat braintraining,like dietand exercise,is unlikelytohave identicaleffects onevery individual.
31.In whatway isthe brainsimilar tomuscles accordingto manyresearchers。
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