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选择性必修一Unit2Lesson3匚词汇派生二
1.extreme n.极端；极度；极限adj.极端的；极度的；偏激的—extremely adv.极度，极其
2.academic adj.学术的一academy n.学院；学会
3.skip vt.不做（本来应该做的事）；蹦跳着走一skipped「过去式1—skipped［过去分词］一skipping［现在分词］
4.defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的—defence n,保卫，保护—defend v.防守；防护；辩护
5.length n.长度一10ng adj.长的一lengthen v.（使）变长;延长
6.injured adj.受伤的一injury n.伤害，损害一injure vt.伤害，损害
7.normal adj.正常的，平常的一abnormal adj.反常的重点单词与短语精析★课标词▲高频词★▲l.ruin【用法归纳】⑴此毁坏，破坏，糟蹋；使破产（或失去地位等）ruin oneshealth/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途
8.This mistakeruined hischance ofgetting thejob.这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会
9.Cheap importsare ruiningmany businesses.廉价的进口商品正在毁掉许多企业（）［］毁坏，毁灭；废墟，残垣断壁2n.U「严重受损，破败不堪in ruinsIfall into ruin衰落，败落►When theyreturned to the hometownthe nextday,they foundtheir neighborhoodin ruins.第二天回到家乡的时候，他们发现他们的街区变成了废墟►A largenumber ofschools fellinto ruinafter thewar.战争过后，许多学校都毁了辨析比较ruin/destroy/damage易混词区别英语释义to damagesth.or have a completelynegative effecton强调“毁坏，毁灭使美好的事物ruinit sothat it is no longer at all失去优良的特性或特征，且►No matterwhat hedid,his parentssupported him.不管他做什么，他父母都支持他►No matterhow difficultthe problemis,we」l overcomeit.不管这个问题有多难，我们都会解决2whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“无论・・・・・・，不管・・・・・.”►Whoever askshim forhelp,he is always readyto help.不管谁来求助于他，他都乐于帮助►He is a verydetermined man.Whatever problemshe meets,he nevergives up.他是一个意志非常坚定的人他无论遇到什么问题，都决不放弃3引导让步状语从句时，no matterwhat/who/when/where/how可分别与whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however互换►Now,the photois stillhanging on the wallof mybedroom.No matterwhen=Whenever Ilook atit,I couldnthelp thinkingof myfriend.现在那张照片还挂在我卧室的墙上每当我看到它,我都禁不住想起我的朋友【练习】
1.语法填空
①2019•北京阅读理解七选五改编Most peoplebelieve thebest way to buildbuild agreat teamis togathera groupof themost talentedindividuals.
②The way that/which wasoffered by him to do theexperiment wasdifferent fromthe way_that youcarriedit out.
2.单句写作我不喜欢你和你妈妈说话的方式I dontlike the waythat you talk to you】mother或I dontlike theway in which you talktoyou】mother.
3.用适当的特殊疑问词+-ever填空
①No matterhow difficultit is now,education willhelp yoube aproductive memberin society.
②2020•天津滨海新区校级月考Whatever problemsyou mayhave,you shouldgather yourcourage tofacethem.
③Wherever Angelagoes,there arecrowds ofpeople waitingto seeher.
4.同义句转换©Whenever youcome,I willwelcome you.No matterwhen youcome,I willwelcome you.
②No matterwhere yougo,ril gowith you.Wherever yougo,ril gowith you.©Whatever theresult is,we shouldaccept itwith asmile,because wehave triedour best.No matterwhat theresult is,we shouldaccept itwith smile,because wehave triedour best.基础练知识巩固建议时间分钟I25
一、单词拼写（用本部分所学单词）
1.Vocabulary is the basicelement ofa language.Thoughts andconcepts areexpressedthrough it.
2.The lossof glaciersdue toglobal warmingrepresents anenormous threatto the islandstates in the world.
3.The roomhe hasjust rentedis about9metres in length and3metres inwidth.
4.Talent showscan providea platformfor peoplewho wantto standin thespotlight.
5.（2020•天津阅读理解改编）After yearsof observinghuman nature,I havedecided thattwo qualitiesmakethe differencebetween men of greatachievement andmenofaverage performance-curiosity anddiscontent.
6.0f theoutstanding ladieslisted below,who doyou think is themost importantwoman of the past100years
7.（2019・北京语法填空改编）The studentsbenefitting mostfrom collegeare thosewho aretotallyengaged inacademic（学术的）life,taking fulladvantage of the collegeschances andresources（资源）.
8.The stressand intensity（强度）of thework leftlittle roomfor personalgrief oranxiety.
9.（2020•全国II卷阅读理解七选五改编）Who hasntreceived anemail soannoying that it ruined（毁坏）an entireday
10.（2020•江苏阅读理解改编）The implicationof theseresults isthat togain the greatest healthbenefitsfrom exercise,it maybe wiseto skip（不做）eating first.
11.Like theirparents,children areoften defensive（戒备的）about theirprivate lives.
12.A pocketdictionary doesntcontain enoughentries目）
13.（2019•天津阅读理解改编）However,technology isalso theapplication ofscientific knowledgetosolve aproblem,touching livesin countless（无数的）ways.
14.（2020•全国HI卷语法填空改编）The nextmorning hehired（租用）a boatand setout tofind thewell-known painter.
15.The wateris boiling（沸腾）and istoo hot.Pour itfrom onecup toanother repeatedlytocool it.
二、语法填空在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式116（2020•福建厦门外国语学校检测）In the earthquake,the largecity layin ruinswithinterrible15seconds.
2.1f yougo ondrinking likethis,one dayyour familywill beruined ruin.
3.2020•江苏阅读理解改编Most obviously,the mendisplayed lowerblood sugarlevels atthe startoftheir workoutswhen they had skippedskip breakfastthan when theyhadeaten.
4.She had to choosebetween givingup herjob orhiring hireababysitter.
5.She runson averageabout15miles aday,whatever thecircumstances andwhatever theweather.
6.Since itsintroduction,the Beidounavigation systemhas been applied toeveryday life,from sharedbikesto farming.
7.2020•江苏任务型阅读改编The increaseof energywill evenmake youmore willing to exerciseexercise,and thatwill raiseyour overallenergy evenmore.
8.The oldcouple,accustomed tocountry life,wern unwillingwillingtomove tothe cityto livewiththeir son.
1.1set upan interviewwith herand wediscussed herproject at length.
10.Peopled livescan belengthened lengthenfrom limitedto unlimitedby servingthe society.
11.The latestsurvey showedthat manygraduates rankedcomputer companiesas theirfirst choicewhilehunting forjobs.
12.Usually,its impossibleto operatea computerwithout amouse,let alonesurf theInternet.
三、完成句子l.The issuebasically boilsdown to归结为how muchit coststo developand maintain the software.
1.1t remainsuncertain whenthe trainservice willreturn tonormal C恢复正常after thestrike.
3.2019・北京语法填空改编Whatever/No matterwhat youlike to do无论你喜欢做什么,there isa wayto getinvolved invarious activitieson EarthDay.
4.The waywhich/thatI thoughtof to solve the problem我所想至U的解决这个问题的方法proves tobepractical,way
5.It ishis constantdesire to be creativethat setshim apart from mostengineers使他与绝大多数工程师与众不同.set...apartfrom
6.Over thepast years,she has applied herself to studying致力于研究ancient Chinesearchitecture.apply综合练能力提升建议时间分钟I15
一、课文语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Olympic athletesoften pushL themselvesthey tothe limits.The author,asa
2.professionalprofession athlete,was bornwith anenormous amountof driveand
3.determination determine.From asmall girl,she wouldstay inwhile others
4.were beout.In herattempt tostrive5,for greatness,she madecountless sacrifices,like missingbirthdayparties,ruining familyholidays andskipping nightsout,etc.However,she hasa goodreason for6,givinggive upso much.In orderto realizeher dreamof being7,an Olympicchampion andreaching thewinnersplatform,she hasalways livedher lifeto extremesand appliedherselftothe sport.Just likeBritishtriathlete AlistairBrownlee,she wouldprefer to have threeor fouroutstanding yearsof winningstuff thanhavingten yearsof beingaverage,even thoughit meansgetting injured.Doing whatthey doas athletessetsthem apartbecause theyare willing
8.tododo thatextra littlebit thatmight takethem tothe top.It is
9.certainly certainnot abalancedway to live andit isnot normalbut thosewords aregenerally not used for anyone
10.who istrying toachievegreatness.
二、七选五Although problems are apart ofour lives,it certainlydoesnt meanthat welet themrule ourlivesforever.One dayor theother,youll haveto standup andsay——problems,I dont want youin mylife.]Problems withfriends,parents,girlfriends,husbands,and children-the listgoes on.Apart fromthese,the innerconflicts withinourselves work,too.These keepadding to our problems.Problems comeindifferent shapesand colorsand feelings.But goodnews isthat allproblems canbe dealtwith.Now readon toknow howtosolveyourproblems.Talk,it reallyhelps.What mostof usthinkisthat ourproblem canbe understoodonly byus andthatno talkingis goingto help.2Talking helpsyou moveon andlet go.Write your problems.3When youwrite downyour problems,you aresetting freeall thetension fromyoursystem.You cantry throwing away thepaper onwhich youwrote yourproblems.By doingthis,imagine yourselfthrowingawaythe problemsfrom yourlife.Dont losefaith and hope.No matterwhat you lose in life,dont losefaith andhope.Even if youloseallyour money,family...you shouldstill havefaith.4Your problemsarent theworst.No matterwhat problemyou getinlife,there areanother onemillionpeople whoseproblemsarehuger thanyours.5Your problemsmight justseem bigand worse,but inrealitythey canbe removed.Go aboutand solveyourproblemsbecause everyproblem,however bigor small,always hasa wayout.A.Tell yourselfwhentheycan dealwith them,why cantIB.With faithandhope,you canrebuild everythingthatyoulose.C.Of course,weve beenfighting problemsever sincewe wereborn.D.We canoften overcometheproblemand achievethe goalby makinga directattack.E.Having apersonal diarycan alsobe ofhuge helpifyoudontwanta realperson totalk with.F.When wehave aproblem,a pressing,critical,urgent,life-threatening problem,how dowe tryandsolve itG.But thetruth isthat whenyoutalkabout it,youre settingfree thenegative energiesthat havebeengathering withinyou.答案CGEBA不能恢复successful,enjoyable oruseful多指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，含不to damagesth.so badlythatitnolongerexists,destroy能或很难修复的意味也可指毁掉；works tokill ananimal一个人多指对无生命物体的损害，造成价to causephysical harmto sth.,making itless值降低、功能破坏等后果，含仍可attractive,useful orvaluable;tohavea badeffect ondamagesb.s life,health,happiness orchances ofsuccess能修复的意味，也可指对健康等带来不良影响【练习】
1.语法填空
①Two dayslater,the fightingbetween thetwo countriesleft thearea inruins.
②She wentthrough aperiod ofemotional adjustmentafter hercompany fellintoruinandshe finallydecided tofinda newjob.（）3We visitedthe ruinsoftheSummer Palacelast winter.It wasruined byforeigninvaders（侵略者）.（ruin）
2.单句写作这场雨毁了我们的假期我们不得不改变计划（ruin）The rainruined ourholiday.We hadto changeour plans.
3.选词填空:destroy/ruin/damage©Constantly bendingyour headto checkyour cellphone coulddamage yourneck.
②Data showsthat more and morerainforests havebeen destroyedin recentyears.
③I gotcaught in the rainon myway homeand mynew suitgot ruined
2.boil down to【用法归纳】boil down to（局势、问题等）归结为，基本问题是（to是介词）►In theend,what itall boilsdown tois time,or thelack ofit.问题的症结是时间，或者是缺乏时间►It boilsdown toa questionof priorities.这归根到底是事情轻重缓急的问题【拓展】相关词语积累boil sth.down（tosth.）概括，归纳，压缩［近义］come down to sth.可归结为，可归纳为►The originalspeech Ihad writtengot boileddown toabout tenminutes.我写的演讲原稿被压缩到了大约十分钟a Whatit comesdowntois,either I go therealone oryou accompanyme there.归结起来就是要么我自己去那里，要么你陪我去【练习】语法填空©It boilsdowntoone questionwhether youreally havefull confidence.
②It boilsdowntohow fasta machinecan performan operation.
③（）Our choicesboil downto stayingstay hereor leavinghere.★
3.length【用法归纳】11）游泳池长度（一端至另一端的距离）►She doesat least20lengths aday.她每天在游泳池里至少游10个来回⑵〃［］长，长度；（持续）时间的长短.C,U在长度上in length►I alwayshad thefeeling thatshe waskeeping meat armslength.我——直感觉她在品艮我保持——定距离►The biggestdolphin canmeasure fourmetres inlength butcommon dolphinsare usuallyless thantwometres long.最大的海豚体长可达四米，但普通海豚体长通常不到两米【拓展】⑴与length相关的短语最后；详尽地,长时间at length►At length,the daycame onwhich wewere toleave.终于到了我们要走的那一天►We havealready discussedthis matteratlength.我们已经详尽地讨论了这个问题⑵词性拓展long adj.长的length［C］游泳池长度；［C,U］长度，时间的长短lengthen（使）变长；延长与“long—length—dengthen”变形相似的还有wide.宽的—width几宽度-widen乜变宽deep〃6•.深的一depth九深（度）—deepen乜力口强strongg•.强壮的一strength n,力量一strengthen乜加强broad adj.宽阔的一breadth n.宽度一broaden艮变宽【练习】
1.语法填空
①The selfiestick自拍杆isahand-held polewhich allowsusers totake aphoto ofthemselves fromgreaterthanarm\length long.
②If youcome tovisit China,you willexperience aculture ofamazing depthdeep andvariety.
③江苏高考单项填空改编The publicationof GreatExpectations,which wasboth widelyreviewedand highlypraised,strengthened strengthDickens,status asa leadingnovelist.
2.完成句子
①公共汽车终于来了，晚了四十分钟AMength,the bus arrived fortyminutes late.
②这房间长15英尺，宽10英尺The roomis15inlengthand10feet inwidth.
1.判断下列句子中apply的含义
①By thetimeIsaw thejob advertisedit wasalready toolate to apply.申请
②He wantsa job in whichhe canapply hisforeign languages.应用，使用
③Apply thecream toexposed areasevery threehours andafter swimming.涂A由漆、乳剂
④You cansolve anyproblem ifyou apply yourself toit.努力学习，勤奋工
2.语法填空
①We shouldapply theoryto practice;otherwise,itisno use.
②2020•广东揭阳期末The personwho wantstoapplyfor theposition will be expectedtohaveagood commandof English.
③If youapplyyourselftothejobinhand,youll finishit soon.©Recently,he hasappliedhimselfto doingdo researchand writingpapers.★▲
1.判断下列句子中average的词性及含义
①An averageadult manburns1,500to2,000calories per day.adj.普通
②Mr Smithssalary is below averagein hiscompany,which makeshim upset.n.平均水平3The waterinthelake isnot particularlydeep,averaging about12metres.linking verb平均为
2.用average的相关短语完成句子
①Last yearwas thewarmest yearon record,with globaltemperature
0.68℃aboveaverage.
②The personwho workswith amessy凌舌L的desk spends,on average,one anda halfhoursperdayin lookingfor things.★▲
①When Itook histemperature,it was2℃above normal（通常标准之上）.
②The governmenthas takensome measuresto reconstructtheearthquake-hit areas,but itwillbesometime beforetheyreturn tonormal C恢复正常）.
2.选词填空common//usual/normal//ordinary
①（2019•北京阅读理解改编）Meanwhile,with herparents help,Moore isgenerally abletolivea_normal teenagelife.
②（2018•北京单项填空改编）Ordinary soap,used correctly,can dealwith bacteria（细菌）effectively.
③（2019•浙江阅读理解七选五改编）Rock musicconsists ofmany differentstyles.Even thoughthere isacommonspirit amongall musicgroups,they makevery differentmusic.©Despite theheavy snowyesterday,everybody inthe companywent abouttheir dailytasks as_usual.
7.1et alone【用法归纳】let alone表示“更不用说”，一般用于句中，连接两个句子，有进一步比较之意►There isntenough roomfor us,let aloneany guests.连我们都没有足够的空间，更不用说客人To►Protecting the environment isa challenge,let aloneimproving it.保护环境是一项挑战，更别说要改善环境了【拓展】相关词语积累let/Ieave sb.alone不打扰，不惊动let/leave sth.alone不碰，不变动，不移动►She askedtobeleft alonebut thepress photographersfollowed hereverywhere.她要求别打扰她，但是摄影记者到处都跟着她►Leave thecakes alone.Theyre forthe guests.别动那些蛋糕，那是给客人的【练习】语法填空
①With oneleg brokenin thatcar accident,he cannot walk,1et alonerun.
②The countrydoes notyet haveenough electricityfor itself,let alonefor export.►
2.[U,C][sing.][C]J peopleof highsocial rank社会地位高的人Iapainter ofthe firstrank一流的画家►He isan officerof seniorrank.他是个有高级军阶的军官►This countryisnolonger inthe frontrank ofworld powers.这个国家再也不是位于前列的世界强国►She wasnotusedto associatingwith peopleof highsocial rank.她不习惯和社会士也位彳艮高的人交往►They watchedas ranksof marchingsoldiers passedthe window.他彳门看着士兵歹U队从窗前走过【练习】单句写作
①这个地区的风景在我国名列前茅The sceneryin thisarea ranksamong thebest inmy country.
②他被视为当代最伟大的钢琴家之一He isranked asone ofthegreat6st pianiststoday.
③这个男孩决心要成为像袁隆平那样的一流科学家The boydetermined tobecome ascientist ofthe firstrank likeYuan Longping.
④上学期她在网球比赛中名列第一She wasranked firstinthetennis competitionlast term.重点句型分析l.Call itunhealthy ifyou want,but that istheway I roll,no matterwhat itis Imapplying myself to.你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴【句型分析】本句为并列复合句，句子结构分析如下Call itunhealthy ifyou want,第一分句if引导条件状语从句，其对应的主句为祈使句but并列连词thatisthewayIroll,no matterwhat itis Imapplyingmyselfto.第二分句way后为省略了关系词的定语从句no matterwhat引导的让步状语从句【考点提炼】
（一）way后接定语从句的用法way作“方式，方法”讲，后接定语从句时有两种情况
（1）当way后面的从句缺少状语时,用that/in which引导；用that引导时，that可以省略►The way（that）he explainedthe question was quitesimple.（二The wayinwhichhe explainedthequestionwasquitesimple.）他解释那个问题的方法很简单⑵当way后面的从句缺少主语或宾语口寸,关系词用that/which（作宾语时关系词可省略，作主语时不可省略）►The way（that/which）he toldus wasquite effective.他告诉我们的那个方法很有效（关系词在从句中作宾语）►The waythat/which wasthought upbyhimwas similarto Toms.他想出的这个方法和汤姆的类似（关系词在从句中作主语）【拓展】way（方式，方法）后接定语还有以下两种形式waytodosth.做某事的方法way ofdoing sth.做某事的方法►Recycling isone wayof protecting/to protecttheenvironment.回收利用是保护环境的一种方法
（二）“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句（l）no matter与what/who/when/where/how等特殊疑问词连用，可引导让步状语从句，表示“无论……，不管……”。
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