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北京市丰台区学年度第二学期综合练习
（一）2023-2024高三英语本试卷共12页，共100分考试时长90分钟考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题;每小题
1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑I hadntseen Annein nearly20years sincecollege,yet wecould stillparty likeold times.It wasgreat tohave herhere,1our lives.（花）She waslooking at the fewblooms leftin myyard.I hadntplanted muchafter losingmy job.It hadbeen a2yearfor me.Just when I thoughtI wasdone with the bitterness,it wouldall comerushing backand the3thing onmy mindwas flowers.（耸“One ofmy hobbiesis takingphotos of4she saidand steadiedherself nearthe lastrose of the season.I shrugged肩）,wondering whyanyone would5taking timeto lookat a lowly rose.Suddenly ahot songrang fromher cellphone.I setit toremind meto takemy medicine,“she saidcalmly.“An6for medicine”I laughed.“Are wethat old”（肿块）“For mybrain,“she smiled.I have been diagnosed with a rare cancer,a smalltumor nobigger thanyourfingernail,she laughedsoftly.That wasAnne-ever
7.Even cancerwas nomore thanjoking about.So8that I was beyondwords.Later nextday,an e-mail filledwith theflower photospopped upfrom Anne——clear andbeautiful.She hadgottenpast theanger,the pityand unfairness,taking onemoment at a time and polishing it untilit
9.I shiftedmy eyeto outside,and Ihad herflowers infull bloom.Actually,I alwayshad them,but itwas Annewhogot meto really_10them.
1.A.saving B.watching C.sharing D.controlling
2.A.normal B.new C.satisfying D.difficult
3.A.last B.same C.only D.right
4.A.yards B.flowers C.parties D.people
5.A.bother B.avoid C.miss D.stop
6.A.award B.order C.alarm D.idea
7.A.optimistic B.attractive C.hard-working D.confident眼里含着泪水“他希望它是我的“）可知，约翰尼看到父亲的行为感动到落泪，因此推知他对父亲的付出是感激的综上，故选A题详解】[27主旨大意题通读全文，并根据第二段中u Determined to show Johnny thathe couldpursue his dream of being anathlete,Jeff helpedhim engagein running.They beganwaking upat4a.m.so Jeffcould run while pushing his son in a.（为special wheelchair called a racing chair.Every morning,they drovethemselves torun increasinglylonger distances了让约翰尼知道他可以追求成为运动员的梦想，杰夫帮助他参加跑步他们开始在凌晨点起床，这样杰夫就4可以一边跑步，一边推着他坐在一种叫做比赛椅的特殊轮椅上的儿子每天早上，他们迫使自己跑得越来越，快）”和最后——段“As thecrowd cheeredon anoverwhelmed Johnny,a wearyJeff kepta lowpro fie.My fatherdidnt（当人群为开心的约翰尼欢呼时，want hisfinish linemoment,says Johnny,tears ineyes.He wanted it to be mine.”疲惫的杰夫却保持着低调“我父亲不想要他的终点线时刻，”约翰尼说，眼里含着泪水“他希望它是我的可知，文章主要讲述了父亲杰夫为了实现患脑瘫的儿子约翰尼成为跑步运动员的梦想，每天陪着约翰尼练习，并一起参加比赛，在通过终点线时，杰夫默默站在一边，因为他希望这一刻的荣誉只属于儿子约翰尼文章体现了以为父亲无私的爱项（慈爱的父亲的价值是无价的）”可以概C The value of a loving father hasn price.括本文主要内容故选CCTime isone ofhumanitys greatestblind spots.We experienceit asdays,months oryears.But naturefunctions onmuchgrander scales,measured incenturies,and evenlonger phasesoften groupedas deep time.Humanitysshortsightedness around time creates major limits on modernconservation.As theclimate andbiodiversity crisesaccelerate,we areurgently workingto protectand regenerateecosystems withoutunderstanding howthey functionedwhenthey weretruly doingwell.A deep time perspectivecan helpchange that.Take forestmanagement.For decades,our practicescalled forall-out preventionof eventhe mildestforest fires,believing thatfire wasbad fbrboth people and nonhumannature.Until recentlywe ignoredthe forestmanagement（土著的）strategies indigenouscommunities hadsuccessfully usedfbr centuries,in particularthe applicationofsmall-scale controlledburns.Fire,it turnsout,has alwaysbeen anintegral ingredientin healthyforest ecosystems,promoting newgrowth bythinning the understory.Today,were beginningto seewidespread applicationof indigenousknowledgeto forestmanagement,tapping intothis ancientwisdom.But howcan weknow whatan ecosystemlooked likecenturies agoOne pathwayis throughmodem mathematicalmodeling.We havemarried itwith streamsof long-term dataand discovereda possibleway topreserve theecosystem ofCalifornia^kelp forest.By examininghow NorthPacific kelpforests existedlong beforethe19th century,we foundthatweve ignoredthe presenceof akeystone species——the Stellers sea cow,and itsrole in maintainingthe harmonyof thisecosystem.Our modeldescribed theinteractions betweengiant kelpand understoryalgae competingfbr lightand spaceon theseafloor.Then weran themodel again,but thistime with the Steller^sea cowadded in.These mammalsfed on the leavesfrom the upper kelp layers.This allowedlight toreach thesea bottom,which in turn stimulatedthe growthof notonly thekelp but other kinds of organisms.In re-creating thatvanished historicalsystem thatincluded theStellers seacow,wecould seea morediverse fbrestwherethe understorycompeted betterwith kelpInshort,what we assume weknow aboutan ecosystembased on the recentpast mayimpede ourability tofullyunderstand andprotect it.To ensurethat ourboldest conservationefforts aresuccessful,we mustbegin lookingat timeasan essentialtool.
28.According tothe passagewhat getsin theway ofhumans conservationeffortsA.Lack ofinsights intodeeptimeB.The worseningof biodiversitycrisesC.The blindnessto managementstrategies.D.Resistance totaking adeeptime perspective.
29.What canwe learnfrom the passageA.Ignoring theStellersseacow ledto ecologicalimbalance.B.People nowprioritize fireprevention overcontrolled bums.C.Mathematical modelingmatters morethan indigenous knowledgeD.Harvesting upperkelp leavesencourages freshgrowth in theunderstory.
30.What doesthe underlinedword impede“in thelast paragraphprobably meanA.Bring forth.B.Boost up.C.Shut down.D.Hold back.【答案】
28.A
29.D
30.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章指出人类应该以世纪为单位，从遥远的过去寻求保护生态系统的方法题详解】[28细节理解题根据第一段中（人“Humanitys shortsightednessaroundtimecreatesmajorlimitsonmodem conservation.类对时间的短视造成了现代保护的重大限制）”可知，缺乏对深层时间的洞察阻碍了人类的保护努力故选A【题详解】29推理判断题根据倒数第二段中uThese mammalsfed on the leavesfrom theupperkelplayers.This allowedlight to（这些哺乳reach thesea bottom,which in turn stimulatedthe growthof notonly thekelpbutotherkinds oforganisms.动物以上层海藻层的叶子为食这使得光线能够到达海底，这反过来不仅刺激了海带的生长，还刺激了其他生物的生长）”可知，食用上层的叶子，可以使光线到达海底，这能刺激海带和其他物种的生长由此推知，收获上部海带的叶子可以促进林下植被的生长故选D题详解】[30词句猜测题根据第一段中（深入的时间视角可以帮助改变这一点）A deeptimeperspectivecan helpchange that.”和最后一段中“To ensurethat ourboldest conservationefforts aresuccessful,we mustbegin lookingat timeas anessential（为了确保我们最大胆的保护努力取得成功，我们必须开始把时间视为一个必不可少的工具）”可知，人tool.类基于最近生态系统的假设可能阻碍我们理解和保护它的能力，因此我们应该以世纪为单位，从遥远的过去寻求保护生态系统的方法由此猜测意为“阻碍”，与同义故选impede holdbackDoD（）Several dozengraduate studentsin Londonwere recentlytasked withoutwitting alarge languagemodel LLM,atype of AI designed to holduseful conversations.LLMs areoften programmedwith guardrailsdesigned tostop themgivingharmful replies:instructions onmaking bombsin abathtub,say,or theconfident statementof“fiacts“that are not actuallytrue.The aimof thetask wasto breakthose guardrails.Some resultswere merelystupid.For example,one participantgotthe chatbot to claim ducks could be used as indicators of air quality.But themost successful efforts were those that madethe machineproduce thetitles,publication datesand hostjournals ofnon-existent academicarticles.AI hasthe potentialto bea bigbenefit toscience.Optimists talkof machinesproducing readablesummaries ofcomplicatedareas ofresearch;tirelessly analysingoceans ofdata tosuggest newdrugs andeven,one day,coming upwithhypotheses of their own.But AIcomes withdownsides,too.Start withthe simplestproblem:academic misconduct.Some journalsallow researchersto useLLMs to help writepapers.But not everybody iswilling toadmit to it.Sometimes,the factthat LLMshave beenused isobvious.GuillaumeCabanac,a computerscientist,has uncovereddozens ofpapers thatcontain phrasessuch asregenerate response,,——thetext ofa buttonin someversions ofChatGPT thatcommands theprogram torewrite itsmost recentanswer,probably copied（原稿）into themanuscript bymistake.Another problemarises whenAI modelsare trained on Ai-generated data.LLMs aretrainedontext fromthe Internet.（大量炮制）As theychum outmore suchtext,the riskof LLMstaking in their ownoutputs grows.That cancause“modelcollapse^^.In2023Ilia Shumailov,a computerscientist,co-authored apaper in which a model was fed handwritten digitsand askedto generatedigits ofits own,which werefed backto itinturn.After a few cycles,the computersnumbers became（迭代），more orless illegible.After20iterations itcould produceonly roughcircles orblurry lines.Some worrythat computer-generated insightsmight comefrom modelswhose innerworkings are not understood.Inexplainable modelsarenotuseless,says David Leslie atan Al-research outfit in London,but theiroutputs will needrigorous testingin thereal world.That isperhaps lessunnerving thanit sounds.Checking modelsagainst realityis whatscience is supposed to be about,after all.For now,at least,questions outnumberanswers.The threatsthat machinespose tothe scientificmethod are,attheendof theday,the sameones posedby humans.AI couldaccelerate theproduction ofnonsense justas muchas itacceleratesgood science.As theRoyal Societyhas it,nullius inverba:take nobodysword forit.No things,either.
31.The resultof thetask conductedin Londonshows that.A.LLMs giveaway usefulinformation B.the guardrailsturn outto beineffectiveC.AFs influencewill potentiallybe decreasedD.the effortput intothe studyofAIhardly paysoff
32.What doesmodel collapse,,indicateA.The readabilityof the modelsoutput isunderestimated.B.The diversesources ofinformation confusethemodels.C.Training onregenerated datastops modelsworking well.D.The datawill becomereliable aftercontinuous iterations.
33.According tothe passage,peoples worryover theinexplainable modelsis.A.impractical B.unjustified C.groundless D.unsettling
34.What wouldbe thebest titlefor the passageA.Faster Nonsense:AI CouldAlso GoWrongB.Imperfect Models:How WillAI MakeAdvancesC.The Riseof LLMs:AI CouldStill BePromisingD.Bigger Threats:AI WillBe Uncontrollable【答案】
31.B
32.C
33.B
34.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文短文介绍了人工智能也可能出错【题详解】31推理判断题根据第一段中“LLMs areoften programmedwith guardrailsdesignedtostop themgiving harmfulreplies:通instructions onmaking bombsin abathtub,say,or theconfident statementof“fhcts“that arenot actuallytrue.LLM常被编程为带有护栏，旨在阻止他们做出有害的回复比如说，关于在浴缸里制造炸弹的说明，或者对事实并非真实的“事实”的自信陈述）以及第二段uThe aimof thetask wasto breakthose guardrails.Some resultsweremerely stupid.For example,one participantgot thechatbottoclaimduckscouldbeusedasindicatorsofairquality.But themostsuccessfuleffortswerethosethatmadethe machineproduce thetitles,publication datesand hostjournals of（这项任务的目的是打破那些护栏有些结果很愚蠢例如，一名参与者让聊天机non-existent academicarticles.器人声称鸭子可以作为空气质量的指标但最成功的努力是让机器生成不存在的学术文章的标题、出版日期和主办期刊）可知，在伦敦进行的这项任务的结果表明，这些护栏是无效的，并没有能够阻止非真实的信息LLM的生成故选项B【题详解】32细节理解题根据第五段中“model collapse9”卜文“In2023Ilia Shumailov,a computerscientist,co-authored apaperin whichamodelwasfedhandwrittendigitsand askedto generatedigits ofits own,which werefed backtoitinturn.After（迭代），a fewcycles,the computersnumbers becamemore orless illegible.After20iterations itcould produceonly rough（年，计算机科学家与人合著了一篇论文，在论文中，一个模型被输circles orblurry lines.2023Ilia Shumailov入手写数字，并被要求生成自己的数字，这些数字依次被反馈给它几个周期后，计算机的数字变得或多或少难以辨认经过次迭代，它只能生成粗糙的圆圈或模糊的线条）可知，一个模型被输入手写数字并被要求20生成自己的数字，这些数字依次被反馈给它，经过次迭代后，只能生成粗糙的圆圈或模糊的线条，而不是数20字，由此可知，再生数据的训练使这个模型崩溃，无法正常工作，由此可知，（模型崩溃）”表“model collapse明对再生数据的训练使模型无法正常工作故选项C【题详解】33推理判断题根据第六段Inexplainable modelsarenotuseless,says DavidLeslie atan Al-research outfitin London,buttheir outputswillneedrigorous testingin thereal world.That isperhaps lessunnerving thanit sounds.Checking models（伦敦——家人工智能研究机构的表against realityis what scienceissupposedto beabout,after all.”DavidLeslie示，无法解释的模型并非毫无用处，但它们的结果需要在现实世界中进行严格的测试这也许没有听起来那么令人不安毕竟，根据现实检验模型才是科学应该做的事情）可知，根据文章，人们对无法解释的模型的担忧是不合理的，因为它们的结果需要在现实世界中进行严格的测试故选项B【题详解】34主旨大意题通读全文，尤其根据第三段（但人工智能也有缺点.）以及根据“But AIcomes withdownsides,too.”最后——段“AI couldaccelerate theproduction ofnonsense justas muchas itaccelerates goodscience.（人工智能可以加速废话的产生，就像它可以加速好的科学一样）可知，文章主要阐述人工智能也会出错，生成虚假信息，所设置的“护栏”并不能起到作用；因此，短文的最佳标题为“更快的废话人工智能也可能出错”故选项A第二节（共5小题海小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项“Find yourpassion!,,When discussingfuture careeroptions orselecting amajor incollege,your parentsoften saythis.The veryexpression ismeant toinspire.But isit goodadvice“Finding a passion implies that it already exists and is simply waiting to be discovered.Unfortunately,thisidea is not whatscience tells us.35To studythis,researchers usea frameworkof“fixed”and“growth”mindsets.They arguethat encouragingpeople to行nd”their passionmay causethem toeventually believethat interests and passionsare inbornand relatively unchangeable.36In contrast,people whoview interestsand passionsas developedhave a growth mindset of interest.Researchers haverevealed thata fixed mindset of interest candecrease creativity.If peoplebelieve they are limitedtoonly afew inborn interestsand,in consequence,do notexplore otherareas,they maymiss seeingimportant connectionsacross domains.37Evidently,people cando alot toembrace agrowth mindsetof interest.First,realize thatyour interestsand passions住arent pre-existing.Take anactive rolein developingyour passions.Second,practise positivesei talk.When youlackinterest in a newtask,pay attentionto yourinner dialogue.38For example,change“Im notinterested in this toIm notinterested inthis yet,but Iknow thatinterest candevelop withtime andengagement.”39But agrowth mindsetof interestwill helpyou remainopen andcurious.The sciencetells uswe shouldworktoward lovingwhat wedo.We mightbecome morecreative andresilient as a result.A.So canagrowth mindsetof interest betaughtB.Instead passions,like interests,are developed.C.People whothink thishave afixed mindsetof interest.D.Of course,not everyactivity willbecome aburning passion.E.As such,seeing interestsas fixedlimits their creative potential.F.Dont expectthat pursuingnew interestswill alwaysbe easyor exciting.G.Replace self-critical thoughtswith positiveones thatencourage growthand learning.【答案】
35.B
36.C
37.E
38.G
39.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章批判了“找到你的激情”这个观点，认为激情是培养出来的，要秉持兴趣成长型心态，这会帮助你保持开放和好奇，有助于培养激情【题详解】35根据上文“Finding“apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingto bediscovered.Unfortunately,this idea（“找到”激情意味着它已经存在，只是在等待被发现不幸的是，科学并没有告诉is notwhatsciencetells us.我们这个想法）”可知，科学表明“激情”并非存在某个地方，等待被发现；由此可知，激情是需要培养的B项（相反，激情和兴趣一样，是需要培养的）”符合题意故选“Instead passions,like interests,are developed.B【题详解】36根据上文“They arguethat encouragingpeople to“find”their passionmay causethem toeventually believethat interests（他们认为，鼓励人们“找到”自己的激情可能会使他们最终and passionsare inbornand relativelyunchangeable.相信兴趣和激情是天生的，相对来说是不可改变的）”推知，相信激情和兴趣是可以找到的人，大有可能认为激情和兴趣是不可改变的，即他们有一种固定的兴趣心态C项uPeople whothink thishave afixedmindsetofinterest.（这么想的人有一种固定的兴趣心态）”符合题意，this指代上文u believethat interestsand passionsare inbornand故选relativelyunchangeable”Co【题详解】37根据上文“If peoplebelieve they are limitedto onlyafewinborninterestsand,in consequence,do notexplore otherareas,.（如果人们认为他们只局限于——些天生的兴趣，因此they maymiss seeingimportant connectionsacrossdomains不去探索其他领域，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系）”可知，如果人们认为他们只局限于一些天生的兴趣，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系；空处位于段末，应对上文进行总结项E“As such,seeing interestsas fixedlimits（因止匕将兴趣视为固定的限制了他们的创造潜力）”符合题意，呼应theircreative potential.creativepotential上文故选explore otherarea E【题详解】38根据下文uFor example,change”「m notinterested inthis to”「m notinterested inthisyet,but Iknow thatinterest can汕（例如，将“我对这个不感兴趣”改为“我对这个还不感兴趣，但我知道兴趣develop wtime andengagement.”会随着时间和投入而发展可知，当我们对某个东西不感兴趣时，要用积极的想法代替消极的想法项G“Replace（用鼓励成长和学习的积极想法取代自我self-critical thoughtswith positiveones thatencourage growthand learning.批评的想法）”符合题意，下文是对选项的举例说明故选G【题详解】39根据卜文“But agrowthmindsetofinterestwill helpyou remainopen andcurious.The sciencetellsuswe shouldwork（但兴趣的成长型心态会帮助你toward lovingwhat wedo.We mightbecome morecreative andresilient as a result.保持开放和好奇科学告诉我们，我们应该努力去热爱我们所做的事情因此，我们可能会变得更有创造力和耐力）”中的可知，空处内容与下文为转折关系项川But D“Of course,noteveryactivity wbecome aburning passion.（当然，并不是每一项活动都会成为一种燃烧的激情）”符合语境，虽然并非每项活动都会成为激情，但保持兴趣成长型心态有助于让人们保持开放和好奇故选D第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题;第
40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题In order to fitin andmake friendsin a new school,Amanda observedhow herclassmates behavedand interactedwitheach other.Gradually,she perfectlyadopted themannerisms ofthe classmatesaround her,laughing attheir jokes,noddingin agreementwith theiropinions,hiding herselfinto someoneshe thoughtothers wantedher to be.Weve alldone these.This issocial masking,the processof holdingback orhiding ournatural wayof interactingwith othersso wecan feelaccepted.In a world thatoften tellsus tojust beourselves,you mightwonder whymany ofus relyon social masking.“Social（群体的）masking happens because weas a species want to be included,“says psychologistDipti Tait.Its atribal thingof being together rather than being on our own.We allhave certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure anddifference.While maskingcan helpus dealwith social situations,it canalso comewith negativeconsequences.Hiding ourbehavioursand interestsconstantly canlead toa strongfeeling ofseparation,disconnection,and internalconflict.As aresult,we mayexperience aheightened andincreased possibilityof developingdepression aswestruggle to understandsocial situationsand signsthat otherstake forgranted.Fortunately,a maskisnotour ownskin.We mayfeel extremelytired aftersocial engagementsand wantto spendtimealone inordertofeel likeourselves.The goalis tofeel safeenough toremove themask Jsays Tait.“Its crucialforindividuals toreceive acceptanceand supportfor whotheyare,rather thanfeeling likethey needto hidetheir trueselves inorderto fitin.^^
40.What issocial masking
41.Why domany ofus relyon socialmasking
42.Please decidewhich partis falsein the following statementthen underlineit andexplain why.When peoplestruggle to understand social situations that others consider normal,they willfeel lessdepressed.（）
43.In additionto masking,what elsecan youdo tofitinwhen you are in a newenvironment Inabout40words【答案】
40.It is the processof holdingback orhiding yournatural wayof interactingwith othersso youcan feelaccepted.
41.Because weas a species wanttobeincluded./lfs atribal thingof beingtogether ratherthan being on ourown./We allhave certainmasks toprotectourselves fromexposure anddifference./Because asa specieseveryone wantstobeincludedrather than beingon their ownor beingexposed anddifferent.
42.When peoplestruggle to understand social situations that others consider normal,they willfeel lessdepressed.Whenpeople struggle to understandsocialsituationsthat othersconsidernormal,they willfbel lessdepressed.According tothepassage,they willfeel moredepressed/they mayexperience aheightened andincreased possibilityof developingdepression.
43.As astudent,when I am ina newenvironment,I willtry tointeract withmy classmates,which canmake usknow each.（开放题,言之有理即可）other better.I willmake myselfclear because it is a sign of respectfor othersand myself【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了什么是“社会伪装”，其产生的原因以及带来的不良后果【题详解】40考查细节理解根据第一段中“This issocialmasking,the processof holdingback orhiding ournatural wayof interacting（这是一种社会伪装，是一种抑制或隐藏我们与他人互动的自然方式的过程，with othersso wecan feelaccepted.这样我们就能感到被接受）”可知，社会伪装是一种克制或隐臧你与他人互动的自然方式的过程，这样你就会感到被接受故答案为It is the processof holdingback orhiding yournatural wayof interactingwith othersso youcanfeel accepted.题详解】[41考查细节理解根据第二段中心Social maskinghappensbecauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded/5says psychologist（群体的）Dipti Tait.Its atribal thingof beingtogether ratherthan beingon ourown.We allhave certainmasks toprotect（心理学家说“社会伪装之所以发生，是因为我们作为一个ourselvesfromexposure anddifference.”Dipti Tait物种想要被包容这是一个群体的事情，我们在一起，而不是我们自己我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响可知，我们中的很多人都依赖社会伪装是因为我们想要被包容；因为我们是一个群体，而不是一个人；或者因为我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响故答案为Because weasaspecieswant tobe inckided./Its atribal thingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown./We allhavecertainmaskstoprotectourselves fromexposureanddifference./Because asaspecieseveryone wantstobeincluded ratherthanbeingon theirownor beingexposed anddifferent.考查细节理解根据第二段中“As aresult,we mayexperience aheightened andincreased possibilityof developing（因止匕，当我们努力depression aswe struggletounderstandsocialsituationsand signsthatotherstake forgranted.理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，我们可能会经历更大的患抑郁症的可能性）”可知，当人们努力理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，可能会经历严重的抑郁因此句中错误部分为uthey willfeel lessdepressedv；根据文章可知，他们的情绪会更加低落故答案为When peoplestruggletounderstand命socialsituationsthatothersconsidernormal,they willel lessdepressed.According tothe passage,they willfeel moredcpressed/they mayexperience aheightened andincreased possibilityof developingdepression.【题详解】43开放性题目答案符合逻辑即可，注意词数要求例如，作为一名学生，当我在一个新的环境中，我会尝试与我的同学互动，这可以让我们更好地了解彼此我会把自己的意思说清楚，因为这是一种尊重他人和尊重自己的表现故答案可为As astudent,whenIam inanewenvironment,I willtry tointeract withmy classmates,which canmakeusknoweach otherbetter.I willmake myselfclear becauseit isa signof respectfbr othersand myself.第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华你的英国笔友想了解不同颜色在中国文化中的涵义请你用英文给
44.Chris他回一封邮件，内容包括.颜色及其涵义；1,生活中的实例2注意,词数左右；1100开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
3.Dear Chris,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Chris,I hopeyou aredoing great!Knowing thatyou areinterested inthe implicationof colorsin Chineseculture I
8.A.nervous B.shocked C.relaxed D.lucky
9.A.ended B.failed C.shined D.fruited
10.A.arrange B.trust C.colour D.appreciate【答案】LC
2.D
3.A
4.B
5.A
6.C
7.A
8.B
9.C
1.5分，共15分阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空A阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式Chinese restaurantshave playedan importantroleindifferent]]country worldwide,where therecan bespecializedversions ofChinese food.For example,General Tsos chicken,]2nameafter TsoTsung-tang,a militaryleader ofthe QingDynasty,is whatAmericans loveto eatbecauseitis sweet,fried.Obviously,the recipe13change alot tosuit differentregionaltastes,leading tovariations inthe cookingmethod used.【答案】
11.countries
12.named
13.has changed##changes【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍世界上很多国家都有中餐馆，但为了适应当地人的口味，有些中餐的食谱发生了很大的变化【题详解】11考查名词的数句意中国餐馆在世界上不同的国家扮演着重要的角色，在那些国家可能有特别版本的中国食物“国家”是可数名词，被修饰，应用其复数形式，作宾语故填country differentcountries【题详解】12考查非谓语动词句意例如，以清朝军事领袖左宗棠的名字命名的左宗棠鸡，是美国人喜欢吃的，因为它是甜的，油炸的分析可知，空处为名词的后置定语，故应用非谓语动词形式;General Tsoschicken nameGeneral和以命名”之间为被动关系，应用过去分词故填【题详解】Tsoschickenname…after namenamedo13考查时态句意显然，为了适应不同地区的口味，食谱会发生很大的变化，这就导致了烹饪方法的变化空处为句子谓语动词；此处可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，也可看作陈述客观事实,用一般现在时；主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式故填the recipehas changed/changesoB阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式Being abletounderstandlocal jokesis oftenseen asa greaticebreaker fora foreignlanguage learner14tries tostartfriendships withnative speakers.However,when]5studya foreignlanguage,a beginneralways considersjokes hardtounderstand.Most ofthe timejokes areonly funnyfor peoplewho shareaculturalbackground orunderstand humorinthesame way.And thereis16much tounderstanding ajoke ina foreignlanguagethan understandingvocabulary andgrammar.【答案】
14.who
15.studying
16.more【解析】【导语】这是一段说明文文章提到能听懂当地的笑话，可以更好的学习当地的语言，与当地人建立联系【14题详解】考查定语从句句意对于试图与母语人士建立友谊的外语学习者来说，能够听懂当地的笑话通常被视为一个很好的破冰器分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词语言学习者为人，且从句中缺少language leaner主语，因此可使用关系代词在从句中作主语故填who who考查非谓语句意然而，在学习一门外语时，初学者总是认为笑话很难理解分析句子结构可知，该句己有谓语（认为），空处应使用非谓语，主语（初学者）与（学习）之间是逻辑上的主动considers abeginnerstudy关系，因此需使用现在分词表示主动故填studying【题详解】16考查比较级句意理解一个笑话比理解词汇和语法要复杂得多分析句子结构可知，空处用来强调理解笑话的过程比单纯的词汇和语法理解要复杂，可使用比较级修饰根据也可知答案故填much morethan,more【点睛】C阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式The dinnerparty is]7threat,announced arecent lifestylecolumn inThe Times.You mightwonder,“How canthis beDontwe throwparties fbrfriends onspecial occasions^^But]8The Timesworries aboutis anotherkind ofdisappearing.（）（）It isusually hostedin oneshome.Invitations]9send outweeks inadvance andthe hostsprepare food20careful.Yet nowadays,people preferto eattakeout foodontheirsofa whilejuggling amobile phoneand aremote control.【答案】
17.under
18.what
19.are sent
20.carefully【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章讲述了《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴正在消失并解释了晚宴消失的一些原因【题详解】17考查介词句意《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴受到了威胁为固定搭配，under threat意为“受到威胁”故填under【题详解】18考查主语从句句意但《纽约时报》担心的是另一种消失空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词引导故填what whato【题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致句意邀请函会提前几周发出，主人会精心准备食物此处陈19述客观事实,使用一般现在时，和为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，动词用Invitations sendout be故填are aresento【题详解】20考查副词句意同上修饰动词需用副词作状语故填prepare,carefully,carefully第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AIn Thailand,human-elephant conflictis increasing.To local farmers,elephants threatentheir safetyand economiclivelihood.（）Bring theElephant HomeBTEH isa non-profit organisationwhose missionis toincrease chancesof survival forelephants andwork towardsa worldin whichpeople and elephants canlive inharmony,benefiting from each othersexistence.BTEHs projectsroot inlocal communities.Their workis characterisedby threeprinciples:local involvement,a（同时地）.healthy ecology,and benefitsfor peopleandelephantssimultaneously Theylead toshared decisionmaking,ownership oflocal communities,sustainability,and apeaceful coexistenceof peopleand animals.A groupof BTEHresearchers andlocalfarmervolunteers areexperimenting withhow tomake theplantations lessappealingto elephants and preventthem fromcoming intothe forms.And theTom Yum Project comesinto being.（原料）The nameoftheTom Yum Project comesfromtheThai soup.The ingredientsfor thesoup arechilli,garlic,lemongrass,and onion——none ofwhich areattractive toelephants.This projectgives hopeto alternativecrops asa solution to human-elephant conflictin Thailand.The projectworks inthe followingsteps.The Tom Yum Projectisthe first research and community-based alternativecrop plantinginitiative topromoteStep1Stpp3human-elephant coexistence.Now,some similarprojects willbe carriedout inSri Lanka.
21.According tothepassage,BTEHs missionis toThecommunity-run TomYumTree Workingtogether,tarmers plantRegenerative.pesticide-free（无衣/j（farming benefitsbiodiversity.A.develop ruralcommunities B.create healthyenvironmentsC.improve localeconomic livelihoodD.promote human-elephant coexistence
22.In theTom YumProject,researchers andlocal fanners.A.form someguarding teamsB.volunteer tocollect ingredientsC.experiment withalternative cropsD.provide elephantswiththeThai soup
23.In whichstep dofarmers turnthe harvestedcrops intoorganic honeyor teasA.Step
2.B.Step
3.C.Step
4.D.Step
5.【答案】2LD
22.C
23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍泰国一个非盈利组织为了促进人像和谐共存开发了BTEH TomYumProject,鼓励农民种植对大象吸引力小的替代作物，同口寸也让农民可以生产有机产品【题详解】21细节理解题根据第二段中uBring theElephant Home（BTEH）isanon-profit organisationwhose missionis toincreasechances ofsurvivalforelephantsandwork towardsaworldinwhichpeopleandelephants canlive inharmony,benefting（把大象带回家（）是一个非营利性组织，其使命是增加大象的生存机会，fromeachothers existence.BTEH并努力建立一个人与大象和谐相处，相互受益的世界）”可知，的任务是促进人和大象的和谐共处故BTEH选D【题详解】22细节理解题根据第四段中“This projectgives hopeto alternativecropsasasolutiontohuman-elephant conflictinThailand.（这个项目为泰国解决人象冲突的替代作物带来了希望）”和第五段中uThe TomYumProjectisthefirst（项researchandcommunity-based alternativecrop plantinginitiative topromote human-elephant coexistence.TomYum目是第一个以研究和社区为基础的替代作物种植倡议，以促进人象共存）”可知，在项目中研TomYumProject究人员和当地农民实验替代作物故选Co【题详解】23细节理解题根据第四张图片中的叙述uFarmers harvestcrops andcreate organicproducts ineco-friendly packaging.（农民收割农作物，生产环保包装的有机产品）”可知，在这一步农民把收获的作物变成有机蜂蜜或茶叶故选CTwo-Man IronmanOnSept.17,2022,Jeff andhis son,Johnny,set outto beginthefirstof threelegs ofthe Ironmancompetition,wherecompetitors mustcomplete a140miles ofswimming,bicycling andrunning inunder17hours.Not thatlong ago,Johnny（脑瘫）.could barelywalk afew stepsbecause hewas bornwith cerebralpalsy But hisdream ofbeing a runner neverstopped.From theday Johnny was born,Jeff refusedto lethis sonsdisability holdhim back.Determinedto showJohnny thathe couldpursue hisdream ofbeing anathlete,Jeff helpedhim engagein running.They beganwaking upat4a.m.so Jeffcould runwhile pushinghis sonina special wheelchair calleda racing chair.Every morning,they drovethemselves torunincreasingly longer distances.Soon,they wereentering5K races,then onto Ironmancompetition.Jeff wouldact asJohnnysarms andlegs,carrying theweight of his sonthroughout therace.The racebegan witha
2.4-mile swim.Settling Johnnyinto akayak,Jeff easedhimself intothe water.Swimmingwhile dragginganother personwas verytough.But worstof all,Jeff hadto strugglewith jellyfish.I occupiedmy mindby（蛰）counting thenumber oftimes Igot stungJ hesays.After the two men completed the tough bike section in roughly ninehours,they settheir sightsonthefinal legof therace——a
26.2-mile marathon.TheyM beencompeting for
10.5hours,leaving another
6.5hours tomake theirtime.But atMile19,Johnny sawthe clockticking downand worriedthey wouldntmake thecutoff.Despite thetiredness,Jeff wasconvincedthey weregoing allright andthen pickedup thepace.With minutesleft and200feet tothe finish line,Jeff stoppedtohelpJohnny outofhisracingchairand handedhimhis rollingwalker.After yearsof painstakingwork,Johnnywasdetermined tofinish hisraces onhis own.After16hours,55minutes and35seconds,the fatherand soncrossed thefinish linetogether.As thecrowd cheeredonanoverwhelmed Johnny,a wearyJeff keptalowprofle.My fatherdidnt want his finishlinemoment,says Johnny,tears ineyes.“He wantedit tobe mine.”
24.Why didJeff leadJohnny torunningA.To getcloser toJohnny.B.To fulfillJohnnys dream.C.To discoverJohnnys interest.D.To speedup Johnnysrecovery.
25.What challengedJeff mostintheswimming raceA.Lack ofenergy.B.Pain frominjuries.C.Mental tiredness.D.Body weightchange.
26.Which ofthefollowingcan bestdescribe Johnnyaccording tothe passageA.Strong-willed andgrateful.B.Warm-hearted andsensitive.C.Patient andgenerous.D.Tough andhumorous.
27.What doesthepassagemainly tellusA.Actions speaklouder thanwords.B.Fathers arenot bom;theyaremade.C.Thevalueofalovingfatherhas noprice.D.Success comesfrom failuresalong thejourney.【答案】
24.B
25.B
26.A
27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了父亲杰夫为了实现患脑瘫的儿子约翰尼成为跑步运动员的梦想,每天陪着约翰尼练习，并一起参加比赛，在通过终点线时，杰夫默默站在一边，因为他希望这一刻的荣誉只属于儿子约翰尼文章体现了以为父亲无私的爱【题详解】24细节理解题根据第一段中（但他成为一名跑步运动员的梦想从未“Buthisdream ofbeingarunnerneverstopped.停止过）”和第二段中u DeterminedtoshowJohnnythathe couldpursue hisdreamofbeing anathlete,Jeff helpedhimengage inrunning.They beganwaking upat4a.m.so Jeffcould runwhile pushinghis soninaspecialwheelchaircalled.（为了让约翰尼知道他可a racingchair.Every morning,they drovethemselves torun increasinglylongerdistances以追求成为运动员的梦想，杰夫帮助他参加跑步他们开始在凌晨点起床，这样杰夫就可以一边跑步，一边4推着他坐在一种叫做比赛椅的特殊轮椅上的儿子每天早上，他们迫使自己跑得越来越快）”可知，杰夫领着约翰尼跑步是为了实现约翰尼成为跑步运动员的梦想故选B【题详解】25细节理解题根据第三段中“But worstof all,Jeff hadto strugglewith jellyfish.I occupiedmy mindby countingthe（蛰）（但最糟糕的是，杰夫不得不与水母搏斗他说“我满脑子都是被number oftimes Igot stungJ hesays.萤的次数可知，在游泳比赛中，被水母蜚的疼痛对杰夫来说最具挑战性故选B【题详解】26推理判断题根据第二段中“They beganwaking upat4a.m.so Jeffcouldrunwhilepushinghissoninaspecial.（他们开始在凌晨点起床，这样杰夫就可以一边跑步，一边推着他坐在一种叫wheelchaircalledaracingchair4做比赛椅的特殊轮椅上的儿子）”，倒数第三段中u Afterthetwomencompletedthetoughbikesectioninroughlyninehours,they settheir sightsonthefinal legoftherace-a
26.2-mile marathon.Theyd beencompeting for
10.5hours,（在两个人用了大约个小时完成了艰难的自行车赛段后，他们leaving another
6.5hours tomake theirtime.9把目光投向了比赛的最后一段——英里的马拉松赛他们已经比赛了个小时，还剩下个小时的时
26.
210.
56.5间）”以及倒数第二段中u After16hours,55minutes and35seconds,the fatherand soncrossed thefinish linetogether.（小时分秒后，父子俩一起冲过了终点线）”可知，约翰尼每天坚持训练，并参加完比赛的全程，因165535此他是意志坚定的；根据最后一段中My fatherdidn^wanthisfinishlinemoment,“says Johnny,tears ineyes.“He（我父亲不想要他的终点线时亥约翰尼说，wantedittobemine.ij,”。
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