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师大附中高二下期中考试2024-2025-2英语时量120分钟满分150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题
2.5分，满分
37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AUNESCOs WorldHeritage Listhas beenupdated for
2024.Europes newest additions some of the continent9slesser-known yetculturally significant sites—are wellworth exploring.Via AppiaItaly；Also known as“the Queenof roadsthis500-mile stretchis theoldest Romanroad.It connectsthe Italiancapital toSouthernItalys seaports and speedsthe growthand developmentof newsettlements whiledriving agriculturalproductionand trade.Journeying upthis roadis atransportation throughtime with the originalpaving stonesreminding usof Italysoldtimes.（建筑群），Schwerin ResidenceEnsemble GermanyApicture-perfect image of traditionalGerman architecturesurrounded byLake Schwerin,this culturalensemblecomprises38of Schwerinsmost strikinglandscapes andarchitecture.The architectureof Schwerincaptures the essence of19th-century Germanywith itspublic gardensand culturalbuildings tiedtogether by the grandSchwerin Castle.The FlowCountry,Scotland（沼泽）In Scotlandlies one of the worlds mostuntouched blanketbog landscapes.With around500,000acres ofbogpools andancient plants,The FlowCountry is oneof the worldsbiggest carbonstores,crucial in the fightagainst climatechange.On footis howyou canexperience thedramatic viewsof this lesser-known landscapeand diversewildlife speciesclosely.Moravian ChurchSettlements,Germany andUKGracehill wasa villagein NorthernIreland foundedbythe Moravians in
1759.Guided toursof GracehillOld Schooland theMoravian Church offervisual insightsinto traditional,Moravian architecture.In Germany,the livingMoravian第页/共页heritage can be feltin themuseums andchurch hallsof Herrnhut,the birthplaceof theMoravian121策略故选项B第二节（共5小题；每小题
2.5分，满分
12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项The Ironman Triathlon,which originatedin the US stateof Hawaiiin1978,is athree-sport competitionthat combinesrunning,biking,and swimming.Participants swim
2.4miles,bike112miles,and run
26.2miles duringone dayof therace.16The swim-bike-run orderis consistentfor most Ironman Triathlons.The initialHawaii eventdrew just15participants.In followingyears anddecades,hundreds ofathletes signedup forthe17-hour competition.Original Ironman Triathlons wereusually completedoutdoors inextreme heat,strong winds,andsometimes rain.17Those participatingin anIronman Triathlonbegin trainingat leastfour tosix monthsin advance.Typically,three toeight hours a day are devoted to training in all three sports during the week,with oneor twodays ofrest eachweek.18It iscommon for athletes to run,bike andswim three to fourtimes therace amountin oneweek.Many joinclubs ortrain withpartners.Much energy,perseverance,and psychologicalstrength areneeded tocomplete theIronmanTriathlon.At least10percent oftriathletes giveup beforecompletion,according toworld championshipdata.19Although theIronmancompetition drawsmostly youngcompetitors,some arein their60s,70sandoccasionally,80s.Men andwomen areallowedto compete.20Many sustain their energy by devoting40percent of their dietto carbohydrates.Protein typicallymakes up30percent ofnutrition forcompetitors.Fat intakecan beas highas30percent.A.Even finishersoften sufferinjuries.B.Diet isvery importantfor triathletes.C.This intenseschedule makesthe athletespowerful.D.There isgenerally nobreak betweenthe sportsactivities.E.Athletes haveto reducetheir foodintake on the bigday.F.Modern-day versionsof theevent followthat outdoortradition.G.Competing wouldgive youdrive anddetermination thatcarry intoyour life.【答案】
16.D
17.F
18.C
19.A
20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了起源于年美国夏威夷州的铁人三项赛，它是一项集跑步、骑自1978行车和游泳于一体的三项运动比赛介绍了该比赛的项目内容、初始参赛情况、比赛环境传统，以及第页/10共页21参赛者的训练方式、完成比赛所需的条件和参赛人员情况，还提到了参赛者的饮食对比赛的重要性【题详解】16根据上文.（参赛者在一天Participants swim
2.4miles,bike112miles,and run
26.2miles duringone dayof therace的比赛中要游泳英里，骑自行车英里，跑步英里）”以及下文
2.
411226.2The swim-bike-run orderis consistentfor（在大多数铁人三项赛中，游泳、骑自行车和跑步的顺序是一致的）”可推知，这里是mostIronmanTriathlons.在进一步说明比赛中各个项目的衔接情况，强调在这些体育活动之间通常没有休息时间选项”在这些体育D活动之间通常没有休息时间”符合语境，能很好地承上启下，说明比赛的连贯性故选D【题详解】17根据上文uOriginal IronmanTriathlons wereusually completedoutdoors inextreme heat,strong winds,and sometimes.（最初的铁人三项赛通常在户外进行，在酷热、强风，有时甚至是雨中完成）”可知，接下来应该说的是rain现代的铁人三项赛与最初的比赛在户外进行这一传统的关系选项“现代版本的比赛遵循了那种户外传统”F符合语境，能够承接上文，说明现代比赛对传统的延续故选F【题详解】18根据上文u Typically,threetoeighthoursadayaredevotedtotraininginallthreesportsduringtheweek,with oneor two.（通常情况下，一周中每天要花三到八个小时进行这三项运动的训练，每周休息——至days ofrest eachweek U两天）”以及下文（运“It iscommonforathletestorun,bike andswim threeto fourtimes therace amountin oneweek.动员在一周内跑、骑自行车和游泳的量达到比赛量的三到四倍是很常见的）”可知，此处应是说这种高强度的训练安排带来的结果选项“这种紧张的日程安排使运动员们变得强大”符合语境，能够承接上文，说明训练c安排对运动员的影响故选C【题详解】19根据上文“Much energy,perseverance,and psychologicalstrength areneeded tocomplete theIronmanTriathlon.At least（完成铁人三项赛需要大量10percent oftriathletes giveup beforecompletion,according toworld championshipdata.的精力、毅力和心理力量根据世界锦标赛的数据，至少有的铁人三项运动员在完成比赛前就放弃了）”10%可知，这里是在继续说明参加铁人三项赛的艰难以及可能出现的情况选项“即使是完成比赛的人也常常会A受伤”符合语境意，能够承接上文，进一步说明比赛的难度和对运动员的影响故选A【题详解】20根据下文u Manysustain theirenergybydevoting40percent of their dietto carbohydrates.Protein typicallymakes up30（许多人通过将的percent ofnutrition forcompetitors.Fat intakecanbeas highas30percent.40%饮食分配给碳水化合物来维持能量对于参赛者来说，蛋白质通常占营养成分的脂肪摄入量可高达第30%o11页/共页21）可知，此处应是引出关于铁人三项运动员饮食的话题，强调饮食对铁人三项运动员来说非常重要选项30%”“饮食对铁人三项运动员来说非常重要”符合语境，能够引出下文，说明饮食在运动员比赛中的重要性故选BB第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（月兑瘾）When Ifirst startedmy detoxvacation,I wasworried Idmade abig mistake.The sudden21from thedigitalworld intensifiedmy anxiety.I couldnthelp22who might be messaging me andwhat important23I couldbe missing.Iwasnt sureif Iwould gainanything fromthis experience.24it endedup beinga verypositive experience.The mostrewarding aspectof thedetox was the chanceto25my favoritehobbies.In thetime Iwould previouslyspendon social media,I26reading andknitting.I wasexcited toget throughmore ofdustybooks andto makesome good27on myknitting project.There wassignificant skillenhancement.I wasalso surprisedto findimproved28with thosearound me.I noticedI couldfocus betteron thepresent moment and felt moremotivated to29in theconversations aroundme.I became30that althoughsocial mediamight31distances,it fallsshort ofpromoting interactionsthat trulymatter.Despite myinitial32I reallyenjoyed thedetox experience.I noticeda number of positiveaspects thatIcontinued intomy dailylife afterreturning fromvacation.Tve decidedto33an occasion to dosocial mediadetox everyweek.This will34me constantlyof the benefits I secured from detox.Im
21.A.release B.benefit C.departure D.response
22.A.explaining B.wondering C.identifying D.analyzing
23.A.updates B.concepts C.conferences D.outcomes
24.A.Naturally B.Apparently C.Thankfully D.Theoretically
25.A.enrichB.recall C.expand D.rediscover
26.A.put upB.turned onC.took upD.carried on
27.A.progressB.decisions C.profit D.comments
28.A.cooperationB.connection C.sympathy D.patience
29.A.believeB.specialized C.excel D.engage35to see how it will go.
30.A.aware B.concerned C.hopeful D.astonished
31.A.cover B.handle C.maintain D.bridge
32.A.failure B.rejection C.hesitation D.submission
33.A.schedule B.record C.center D.complete
34.A.convince B.remind C.assure D.inform
35.A.fortunate B.curious C.bound D.proud【答案】
21.C
22.B
23.A
24.C
25.D
26.C
27.A
28.B
29.D
30.A3LD
32.C
33.A
34.B
1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Recently,a summer camp36hold byWuhan University,with thetheme ofGlobal Exchangesand SustainableDevelopment”,got underway.Twenty-two studentsfrom sixforeign countriesand morethan twentyundergraduates fromWuhanUniversity startedan37inquire aboutsustainable development.Yi Qing,Deputy SecretaryGeneral ofPoyang LakeEcological ConservationFoundation ofJiangxi Province,said,“Iwant studentsto knowhow Chineseecological conservationefforts38make inareas aroundPoyang Lakeover thepast深刻的decade,providing themwith ourfirst-hand39practice experienceand profoundinsights.遗产While40visit keylabs and the DigitalCultural HeritageResearch Centerof WuhanUniversity,students were能力deeply impressedby Chinasresolve andcapacity touse digitaltechnology41preserve andpass on the culturalheritage ofhumanity.Tawanakoro Viliamefrom Fijiremarked thathe couldntwaitto share42hes seenin Chinawith thepeople inhis country,and hopedthe friendship第页/共页1521between Chinaand Fijicould last.The summer camp wasincluded43Wuhan Universitys2024summercampprogram.It notonly tookon44role ofaplatform forinternational studentsto understand the basicconcept ofsustainable development,but45dramatic inspiredthemto seethe developmentof Chinafrom theviewpoint ofglobal exchanges,together withits contributionsto theglobalcommunity.【答案】
36.held
37.inquiry
38.have been made
39.practical
40.visiting
41.to preserve
42.what
43.in
44.the
45.dramatically【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道在武汉大学举办的“全球交流与可持续发展夏令营中，来自其他国家的学生和武汉大学本科生共同探索生态保护和数字文化遗产，增进对中国可持续发展的理解【题详解】36考查非谓语动词句意最近，武汉大学举办了以“全球交流与可持续发展”为主题的夏令营句中已有谓语空处作非谓语动词，与之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语got,hold asummercampheld故填held【题详解】37考查名词句意来自六个国家的名学生和来自武汉大学的多名本科生开始了一项关于可持续发展的研2220究由空前不定冠词和空后的介词可知，空处应填名词表示“调查”，符合题意故填an aboutinquiry,inquiryo【题详解】38考查时态、语态和主谓一致句意江西省鄱阳湖生态保护基金会副秘书长易清表示“我希望学生们了解中国在过去十年中在鄱阳湖周边地区的生态保护工作，为他们提供我们的第一手实践经验和深刻见解”根据时间状语可知,句子使用现在完成时，与主语之间是over thepast decademake Chineseecological conservationefforts被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数，助动词使用故填have havebeenmade【题详解】39考查形容词句意同上空处作定语修饰名词应用形容词表示“实际的，切实可行的，experience,practical,practical表示“实践经验”故填experience practical【题详解】40考查非谓语动词句意在参观武汉大学的重点实验室和数字文化遗产研究中心的过程中，学生们对中国利用数字技术保护和传承人类文化遗产的决心和能力印象深刻结合语意可知，引导的从句主语与主句主语一While致，空处所在部分为状语从句的省略，与之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式故填visit studentsvisitingo题详解】[41考查非谓语动词句意同上是固定用法，意为“用某物做某事故填use sth.to dosth.to preserve【题详解】42考查宾语从句句意来自斐济的表示，他迫不及待地想与斐济人民分享他在中国的所见Tawanakoro Viliame所闻，希望中斐友谊能够长久空处引导宾语从句，且空处在从句中作的宾语，表示“……的事物”，应seen用引导从句故填what whato【题详解】43考查介词句意这个夏令营是武汉大学夏令营计划的一部分”是……的一部分，被包2024be includedin…括在……中”，符合题意故填in【题详解】44考查冠词句意它不仅为国际学生提供了一个了解可持续发展基本概念的平台，而且极大地启发了他们从全球交流的角度看待中国的发展及其对国际社会的贡献结合语意可知，此处特指平台的作用，应用定冠词the故填the【题详解】45考查副词句意同上空处修饰动词应用副词作状语故填inspired,dramatically,dramatically第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）.假定你是李华，近日英国友好学校师生在你校交流，他们想在回国前给家人购买一些具有中国特色的礼物46请你给负责人写一封信，推荐你觉得合适的礼物内容包括Frank推荐的礼物；
1.说明推荐的理由；
2.表达祝愿
3.注意写作词数应为个左右；
1.80请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
2.Dear Frank,Yours,Li Hua［答案］Dear Frank,Im glad to hear that you and your students want to bring home some souvenirs for your familiesas gifts.To makeyourpresents bothmeaningful andmemorable,I highlyrecommend theChinese handmadesilk scarves.Silk scarvesare affordable,elegant,and richin Chineseculture.They showcasethe beautyof traditionalcraftsmanshipand canbe wornfor bothcasual andformal occasions.Featuring Chineseclassic patternslike plumblossoms,dragons,and calligraphy,these scarvesprecisely capture theessence of Chinas artistic heritage.I hopeyou findthe perfectgifts andhave asafe andpleasant journeyhome!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文在学校交流的英国友好学校师生想在回国前给家人购买一些具有中国特色的礼物，要求考生给负责人写一封信，推荐觉得合适的礼物Frank【详解】词汇积累
1.推荐recommend fsuggest有意义的meaningful fsignificant优雅的elegant fgraceful展示showcase fdemonstrate句式拓展
3.同义句原句Silk scarvesare affordable,elegant,and richin Chineseculture.拓展句Not onlyare silkscarves inexpensive,but theyalso exudeelegance andare filledwith Chinesecultural elements.【点睛】【高分句型1J Imgladtohearthatyouandyourstudentswantto bringhomesomesouvenirsforyourfamilies（运用了引导的宾语从句）as gifts.that［高分句型21Featuring Chineseclassic patternslike plumblossoms,dragons,and calligraphy,these scarvesprecisely（运用了现在分词作状语）第二节（满分25分）capturetheessenceofChinasartisticheritage.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
47.After flyingall night,I wastired asI arrivedin Denverto holdan eventon positive thinking.As Ientered thelecturehall,Dr.Fred Vogtasked me,“Do youknow about the Make-A-Wish Foundation”YesJ Ireplied.Well,a17-year-old（晚期的）girl Amy Graham hasbeen diagnosedas havingterminal cancer.Doctors gaveher threedays.Her dyingwishwas to attend yourlecture/9I wasshocked.I felta combinationof aweand doubt.I couldntbelieve it.I thoughtkids whowere dyingwould wanttogo seeDisneyland,or suchlike.Why woulda kidwith onlya fewdays tolive wantto spendtheir finaldays listeningto amotivationalspeaker Suddenlymy thoughtswere interrupted...“Heres Amy.Before mestood agirl wearinga brightred hatto coverher head,which wasbald from all of thetreatments.Her weakbody wasa bitbent.She said,My twogoals wereto graduatefrom high school andto attendyourlecture.My doctorsdidnt believeI coulddo either and theydidnt thinkId haveenough energy.I haveto relyon myparentsnow.”Tears welledin myeyes;I waschoked up.My mindwas beingshaken.I clearedmy throatand smiled,“Thanks forwantingto come.We hugged,wiped oureyes andseparated.That Sundayafternoon Iheld the workshop thatAmy and her parentsattended.The audiencewas packedtooverflowing withover athousand attendeeseager to learn,grow andbecome morefully human.1humbly askedtheaudience ifthey wantedtolearna healingprocess thatmight servethem forlife.From the stage itappeared thateveryones（用力地）hand wasraised highin theair.I taughtthe audiencehow tovigorously rubtheir handstogether,separate thembytwo inchesand feelthe healingenergy.Then Ipaired themoff witha partnerto feelthe healingenergy fromthemselves注意to another,explaining thateveryone hadhealing potentialto supportothers.续写短文词数应为左右；
1.150Church.
1.What canone expectto experiencewhile travelingalong Via AppiaA.Taking abus tosouthern seaports.B.Exploring Moravianarchitecture.C.Admiring traditionalGerman buildingsD.Experiencing Italysancient past.
2.Which siteis bestfor watchingwildlifeA.Via Appia.B.Schwerin ResidenceEnsemble.C.The FlowCountry.D.MoravianChurchSettlements.
3.What dothe foursites havein commonA.They areall locatedwithin onecountry.B.They arerelatively unknownto thepublic.C.They mainlyattract natureenthusiasts.D.They havelong beenlisted asheritage sites.【答案】
1.D
2.C
3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了世界遗产名录中欧洲最新增加的一些不太为人所知但具有重要文化意义的遗址【题详解】1细节理解题根据“ViaAppia,Italy”部分中uJourneying upthis roadis atransportation throughtime withthe original（沿着这条路旅行是一次穿越时间的旅行，原始的铺路石让我们想paving stonesreminding usof Italysold times.起了意大利的旧时代）”可知，在亚壁古道旅游时可以体验意大利古老的过去，故选D【题详解】2细节理解题根据The FlowCountry,Scotland,,部分中uOn footis howyou canexperience thedramatic viewsof this.（步行是你体验这片鲜为人知的景观和各种野生动物物lesser-known landscapeand diversewildlife speciesclosely种的绝佳方式）”可知，弗罗湿地区（）是观看野生动物的最佳地点，故选The FlowCountryCo【题详解】3细节理解题根据第一段中“Europe\newestadditionssomeofthecontinent9slesser-known yetculturally欧洲最新增加的一些不太为人所知但具有重要文化意义的遗址非常值得significantsites-are wellworth exploring4探索）”可知，文章介绍的四个地点都是鲜为人知的一些遗址，故选B请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答
2.At thatpoint anidea struckme.With around ofapplause,Amys dadled heroff thestage.【答案］At thatpoint anidea struckme.I saidto the audience,This morningI wasintroduced toAmyGraham,a17-year-old.I wanttobringher uphere andlet youall sendhealing lifeenergy towardher.Supported by her father,Amystepped onto thestage,looking frailfrom anabsolute lackof exercise.She talkedabout whatshe wassuffering fromand herfinal wish to be at this workshop.Touched byher story,theaudiencespontaneously warmedup theirhands andengaged inthesimple exercise,after whichthey gaveheratearful standingovation.With around ofapplause,Amys dadled heroff thestage.At thatmoment,theworkshopbecame morethan justalecture onpositivethinking—it showedthe powerof hopeand theresilience ofthe humanspirit.After theworkshopconcluded,attendees lingered,sharing storiesand exchangingcontact information.Many approachedAmy and her parents,offering wordsof encouragement.It wasclear thatsomething extraordinaryhad takenplace——a blend of hope,belief,andthecourage toconfront adversitywith positivity.Before leaving,Amy thankedme forthe unexpectedinvitation,whichwas areal bonusfor herand gaveher thehealing powerbeyond physicalremedies.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次讲座前认识了一个身患绝症的女孩，女孩和家人来参加作者的讲座在研讨会上，作者谈论起疗愈，并向大家介绍了这个女孩，女孩谈及了自己的故事，让听众感动这次研讨会对女孩产生了真正疗愈的力量【详解】.段落续写1
①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，我突然有了一个主意”可知，第一段可描写作者邀请女孩上台演讲，观众被感动
②由第二段首句内容“伴随着一阵热烈的掌声，的爸爸领着她走下了舞台”可知，第二段可描写研讨会Amy结束，与会者相互交换故事和信息，研讨会对女孩的意义重大续写线索介绍上台——分享自己的故事一一观众感动一一研讨会之后的活动一一感悟
2.Amy Amy.词汇激活3行为类
①参与engage in/participate in
②支持support/back up情绪类
①感动touched/moved
②感激thank/be gratefulto【点睛[高分句型（由连11].She talkedabout whatshe wassuffering fromandherfinalwishtobeatthisworkshop.接词引导的宾语从句和不定式作后置定语）what[高分句型一2].It wasclear thatsomething extraordinaryhad takenplace ablend ofhope,belief,andthecourage to（由作形式主语，引导的主语从句）confront adversitywith positivity.It thatFeifeiLis journeyfromateenager inChina toa leadingfigure inartificial intelligenceis nothingshort ofremarkable.Bom inBeijing in1976,Li grewup inChengdu.Her lifetook adramatic turnwhen her family movedto America.Initially,the familydidnt speakEnglish,so theburden oftranslation fellon Li.She creditedkind teachersat her new highschoolfor helpingher overcomechallenges,as shedeveloped languageskills andregained heracademic excellence.Outside school,she workedtirelessly inlow-paying jobsto supporther family.During thisperiod,she feltlike anoutsider（孤独）.with few friends,suffering fromisolationDespite thesehardships shewas acceptedinto Princetonto studyphysics.In1999,Li graduatedwith honors,before goingontocomplete herPh.D.and eventuallyjoining Princetonscomputer sciencedepartment asan assistantprofessor.At Princeton,Li beganto pioneerImageNet,a large-scale imagedatabase invisual objectrecognition software.Frustrated byher peers,inefficient approachof trainingcomputers torecognize oneimage ata time,she introducedcomputers toa vast number of objects based on childrens visual learning methods.This ledto thecreation of ImageNet,which involveda massivelabeling effortfor overthree million images.Instead ofgetting supportwithin thePrinceton（夕卜包）department,she outsourcedthe taskto theInternet,using anAmazons programto forcethe jobout toremoteworkers aroundthe globe.Before longImageNet wascompleted,and ithas subsequentlyhad anenormous impacton thedevelopmentof artificialintelligence.The databasehas nowgrown to over fourteen millionimages,and is a fundamentalpart of countless AI applications,like self-driving cartechnology.Beyond hertechnical contributions,Li is a faithfuladvocate formoral AI development.She founded theHuman-Centered AlInstitute toadvance AI research that improves the human condition.Moreover,Lis influenceextendsto promoting diversity in AI,through initiativeslike AI4ALL,which educateshistorically excludedtalents in the field.Herdevotion toAI developmentearns herthe nameoftheGodmother ofAI”.
4.What doesparagraph2mainly talkaboutA.Lis pursuitof furtherexcellenceB.Lis strugglesin thenew life.C.Lis effortsin balancingstudies andwork.D.Lis gratitudeto herteachers.
5.What isspecial aboutImageNetA.It recognizesa singleobject ata time.B.It producesa hugenumber ofimages.C.It automatesimage-recognition process.D.It featuresextensive imagerecognition.
6.Why doesthe authormention the Human-Centered AIInstituteA.To praiseLis outstandingtechnical competence.B.To highlightLis statusin theAI researchfield.C.To demonstrateLis devotionto moral AIdevelopment.D.To emphasizeLis influenceon advancingdiversity inAL
7.Which ofthe followingbest describesLiA.Creative andcaring.B.Ambitious andsensitive.C.Cautious andpatriotic.D.Conventional anddetermined.【答案】
4.B
5.D
6.C7,A【解析】【导语】文章是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了李飞飞从中国的一个青少年成长为人工智能领域领军人物的非凡历程，包括她在美国的艰难生活、在学术上的成就以及对人工智能发展的多方面贡献【题详解】4主旨大意题根据第二段uBorn inBeijing in1976,Li grewup inChengdu.Her lifetook adramatic turnwhen herfamilymoved toAmerica.Initially,the familydidnt speakEnglish,so theburden oftranslation fellon Li.She creditedkindteachers athernewhighschoolfor helpingher overcomechallenges,as shedeveloped languageskills andregained heracademicexcellence.Outside school,she workedtirelessly inlow-paying jobsto supportherfamily.During thisperiod,（）（年出生于北京，李飞飞在成都长she feltlike anoutsider withfewfriends,suffering fromisolation JMlll.1976大当她的家人搬到美国后，她的生活发生了戏剧性的转变起初，家人不会说英语，所以翻译的重担落在了李的身上她感谢新高中的善良老师帮助她克服了挑战，帮助她提高了语言技能，恢复了学业上的优异成绩在校外，她不知疲倦地做着低薪的工作来养家在这段时间里，她觉得自己像个外人，朋友很少，很孤独）”可知，该段主要讲述了李飞飞在新生活中所经历的挣扎故选B【题详解】5细节理解题根据第四段“At Princeton,Li beganto pioneerImageNet,a large-scale imagedatabase invisual objectrecognitionsoftware.Frustrated byher peersinefficient approachof trainingcomputers torecognize oneimage ata time,she introducedcomputers toa vastnumber ofobjects basedon childrensvisual learningmethods.This ledto thecreation（在普第页/共页ofImageNet,which involveda massivelabeling effortfor overthree millionimages.421林斯顿大学，李开始率先开发这是一种用于视觉对象识别软件的大规模图像数据库她对同龄人训练ImageNet,计算机一次识别一张图像的低效方法感到沮丧，于是她根据儿童的视觉学习方法向计算机介绍了大量物体这导致了的创建，这涉及到对超过万张图像进行大量标记的工作）”及“ImageNet300The databasehas nowgrown.tooverfourteenmillionimages,and isa fundamentalpartofcountlessAIapplications,like self-driving cartechnology（该数据库现在已经发展到超过万张图像，是无数人工智能应用的基础部分,比如自动驾驶汽车技术）”1400可知，的特别之处在于它具有广泛的图像识别功能故选ImageNet D【题详解】6推理判断题根据第五段“Beyond hertechnical contributions,Li isa faithfuladvocate formoralAIdevelopment.She除了她的技术贡献，foundedtheHuman-Centered AIInstitute toadvance AIresearch thatimproves thehuman condition4李还是道德人工智能发展的忠实倡导者她创立了以人为中心的人工智能研究所，以推进改善人类状况的人工智能研究）”可推知，作者提到该研究所是为了证明李飞飞对道德人工智能发展的贡献故选C【题详解】7推理判断题根据第四段u Frustratedbyherpeers9inefficient approachof trainingcomputers torecognize oneimage atatime,she introducedcomputerstoavastnumber ofobjectsbasedonchildrensvisuallearningmethods.This ledto the（由于对同龄人一次训练计算机识别一张图像的低效方法感到沮丧，她根据儿童的视觉学习creation ofImageNet方法让计算机接触大量的物体这导致了的创建户可知，李飞飞不满足于传统的方法，通过创新的方ImageNet式创建了体现了她的创造性（）再根据第五段ImageNet,Creative“She foundedtheHuman-Centered AIInstitute tooadvanceAIresearchthatimprovesthehumancondition.Moreover,Lis influenceextends topromotingdiversityinAI,（她创立了以人为中心的人工through initiativeslike AI4ALL,which educateshistorically excludedtalents inthe field智能研究所，以推进改善人类状况的人工智能研究此外，李的影响力还延伸到通过等倡议促进人工AI4ALL智能领域的多样性，该倡议教育该领域历来被排除在外的人才）”,可以看出李飞飞关心人类和人工智能领域的发展，致力于让人工智能造福人类，推动行业的多元化，这体现了她的关爱他人、有爱心（）的品质选Caring项（有创造力和有爱心的）符合对她的描述，故选AAoCIt isgenerally acknowledgedthat youngpeople frompoorer socio-economic backgroundstend to do lesswell intheeducation system.In anattempt tohelp the children ofpoor families,a nationwideprogram calledHeadstart”was startedintheUSin
1965.A lotof moneywas pouredinto it.It tookchildren intopre-school institutionsat theageofthree andwas第页/共页supposed tohelp themsucceed inschool.But the results havebeen disappointing,because the521program begantoo late.Many childrenwho enteredit atthree werealready behindtheir peersin language and intelligenceandthe parentswere notinvolved inthe process.At theendofeach day,“Headstart“children returnedto the samedisadvantaged homeenvironment.To improvetheresults,another programwas startedin Missourithat concentratedon parentsas the childs firstteachers.This programwas basedon researchshowing thatworking withthe familyis themost effectiveway ofhelpingchildren getthe bestpossible startin life.The four-year studyincluded380families whowere aboutto havetheir firstchildand representeddifferent social-economic status,ageand family structure.The programinvolved trainededucators visitingandworking withthe parentor parentsandthe child.The programalso gavethe parentssome guidance,and usefulskills onchilddevelopment.At three,the childreninvolved inthe“Missouri“program wereevaluated withthe childrenselected fromthe samesocio-economic backgroundandfamilysituations.The resultswere obvious.The childreninthe program weremoreadvanced inlanguage development,problem solvingand otherintellectual skillsthan theirpeers.They performedequallywell regardlessof socio-economic backgroundsor familystructure.The onefactor thatwas foundto affectthechildsdevelopment was the poor quality ofparent-child interaction.That interactionwas notnecessarily badin poorerfamilies.The Missouri“program comparesquite distinctlywiththe“Headstart“program.Without asimilar focuson parenteducationand onthe vitalimportance ofthe firstthree years,some evidenceindicates thatitwillnot beenough toovercomeeducational unfairness.
8.What causedthe failureofthe“Headstart”program A.The largenumberofpoor families.B.The disapprovalfrom children.C.The latestart oftheprogram.D.The longperiod oftime.
9.What dowe knowabouttheMissouri programA.It focusedonthe childrens firstschool teachers.B.It helpedthechildrenreturn tothesamehome.C.It madethechildrenimproved inmany aspects.D.It gavethe parentsadvice on their development.
10.According tothe passage,what islikely toinfluence childrens performanceA.The numberof familymembers.B.The parent-child communication.第页/共页621C.The intelligenceof theirparents.D.The teacher-student relationship.
11.How doesthe authordevelop thepassage A.By listingfigures.B.By makingcomparisons.C.By givingexamples.D.By drawingconclusions.【答案】
8.C
9.C
10.B
11.B【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文，为了研究促进贫穷家庭孩子智力发展，分别进行了和项目进行Headstart Missouri研究，结果一个失败了，一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育【题详解】8细节理解题根据第一段知，结果不But theresults havebeen disappointing,because theprogram begantoo late.PJ佳，因为项目开始的太晚了，故选C【题详解】9细节理解题根据第三段The resultswere obvious.The childrenintheprogram weremore advancedin languagedevelopment,problem solvingand otherintellectual skillsthan theirpeers.可知，参加了uMissouri”项目的孩子,在语言发展、问题解决和其他智力技能方面都比同龄人要高级，故可知，这个项目在多个方面让孩子提升很多，故选C【题详解】10推理判断题根据倒数第二段The onefactor thatwas foundto affectthechilds developmentwas thepoorqualityof,可矢口，影响孩子发展的——个因parent-child interaction.That interactionwas notnecessarily badin poorerfamilies素就是父母与孩子之间交流的质量很差，而这种交流在家庭经济情况较差的家庭不一定就不如人，故可知，父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的发展，故选瓦题详解】[11写作策略题根据文章可知，本文分别举了和项目对孩子的发展进行研究，结果一个失败了，Headstart Missouri一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育，故可知，作者写这篇文章是通过对这两个项目进行对比的，故选BThe missionis simple.Arrive on foreign soil,fit inand wait.Then,when thetime isright,emerge fromthe shadowsandtake over.This procedure,familiar fromspy fictionasthepreserve ofsleeper agents,is alsothe strategyof certaininvasiveplant species.，第Invasive speciesthat stayput,knownassleeper species,are nothard wiredtodoso.Their naturaltendency7页/共页21to expand is,instead,held backby someexternal factor.With theclimate rapidlychanging,Bethany Bradleyat theUniversityof Massachusettswondered whetheralterations intemperature andrainfall hadthe potentialto activatesomesleeper species.As shereports ina paperin BiologicalInuvasions,the answerisadefinitive yes.Dr Bradleyandherteam cameto theirconclusions bystudying1,795plant speciesin north-eastern Americaidentifiableas foreignbut notyet locallylisted asinvasive.Of these,169were unquestionablydemonstrating invasivebehaviour in other parts oftheworld,and causingdamage totheir environment.That suggestedthey hadthe capacitytocause similar damage in America too.To determinewhether theconditions comingtothe region wouldactivate anyoftheset169,the researchersfirst（旺盛）.identified theconditions underwhich thesespecies wouldthrive Anumberofthe plantsontheirlist wereheldback bythe coldwinters thatare lessand lesscommon intheregion.They alsofound thatsome otherspecies requiredmorerainfall thanis typical.According tothe team9s findings,climate changeisontrack toawaken18sleeper speciesthat couldcause seriousenvironmentaland economicproblems.Dr Bradleyestimates thatthey willstart to make themselvesfelt between2040and2060if somethingis notdone soon.The mostpractical courseof action,in herview,is toseek thesesleeper speciesout beforethey areable to spread.Removing themtoday maybe expensive,but itwill befar cheaperthan tryingto weedthem outtomorrow.
12.Whatstrategy dosleeper speciesemployA.Rapidly expandingin newenvironments.B.Patiently waitingfor humanintervention.C.Remaining inactiveuntil conditionsare favorable.D.Avoiding detectionby stayingin shadowy-corners.
13.What doesthe underlinedword hard-wired“in Paragraph2meanA.Slowly adapted.B.Solidly supported.C.Externally influenced.D.Naturally programmed.
14.What didresearchers aimto uncoverby focusingonthe169speciesA.The potentialrisks theycould poseinthefuture.B.Their invasivebehavior inother partsoftheworld.C.The reasonswhy theyfailed tosurvive inAmerica.第页/共页821D.Possible waystomakethem lesscommon inAmerica.
15.Whafs Dr Bradleys suggestionfor dealingwith sleeper speciesA.Let naturetake itscourse.B.Prevention isbetter thancure.C.Cutting budgetsisatop priority.D.Delay actionuntil itsnecessary.【答案】
12.C
13.D
14.A
15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了气候变化如何激活沉睡的入侵植物物种，预示这些物种可能对环境和经济产生严重影响，并建议提前采取措施【题详解】12细节理解题根据第一段内容以及u Arriveonforeignsoil,fit inand wait.Then,when thetime isright,emerge fromtheshadows andtake over.This procedure,familiar fromspy fictionasthepreserve ofsleeper agents,is alsothe strategyofcertain invasiveplant species.n（到达外国的土地，适应和等待然后，当时机成熟时，从阴影中走出来，接管一切这一过程在间谍小说中很常见，就像潜伏特工的保护一样，也是某些入侵植物物种的策略）可知,sleeper的策略是在等待适宜的条件才活跃起来因此选species C【题详解】13词句猜测题根据第二段（相反，“Their naturaltendency toexpandis,instead,held backby someexternal factor.它们扩张自然趋势被一些外部因素所抑制）可知，这些物种本能地倾向于扩展，虽然这种倾向被外部因素所抑制，在这里指的是“与生俱来的，固有的故选项hard-wired D【题详解】14推理判断题根据第三段“Of these,169were unquestionablydemonstrating invasivebehaviourinotherpartsof theworld,and causingdamage totheir environment.That suggestedthey hadthe capacityto causesimilardamageinAmerica（其中，只无疑在世界其他地区表现出入侵行为，并对其环境造成破坏这表明他们也有能力在美国造too.169成类似的破坏）可知，研究人员通过关注这这个物种来揭示它们在未来可能带来的风险，即它们在美国169也可能造成类似的环境和经济问题故选项A【题详解】15推理判断题从最后一段The mostpractical courseof action,in herview,is toseek thesesleeperspeciesout beforetheyare abletospread.n（在她看来，最实际的做法是在这些潜伏物种传播之前将其消灭）可知，DrBradley建议在这些物种有机会扩散之前就将其发现并清除，说明“预防胜于治疗”是应对睡眠物种的最佳第页/共页921。
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