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现在完成时,构成1现在完成时是由助动词动词的过去分词构成助动词表明havehas+havehas事情发生于现在它和主语的人称、数要保持一致过去分词在句子中做谓语，说明句子的含义用法2动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果常被
1、等副词修饰如just already yet-Have youhad lunchyet-YesJ have.Pve justhad it.你已经吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过现在我不饿了表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态这个动作可能刚2停止，可能仍然在进行常带有和等表示一段时间的状语for since如He hastaught here since1981他自年就在这儿教书可能还要继续教1981I have*t seen her forfour years.我有四年没见到她了表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语3“过”，常带有等时间状语twice,ever,ne ver,three times如.我去过北京二次I have been to Beijing twice.现在完成时的时间状语3现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用如1等但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用用副词和一般用于肯定句中，一般用于否定句和疑a.already yetalreadyyet问句中如.我们已完成作业了We have already finishedour homework.他们还没有完成作业They haven*t finishedtheir homework yet用和多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未”等如:b.ever never你曾经去过长城吗？-Have youever been to theGreat Wall,我从未去过长城-I havenever been to theGreat Wall用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如c.just,before,up tonow,the pastfew years等例如我以前见过她，但I have seenherbefore,but Ican notremember where.记不起在哪里见过近几年他去过那里三次了He has been therethree timesthe lastfew days.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语,如d.now,today,this morningmonth,year,term等例如今天你见过他吗？我没有-Have youmet himtoday-No,I haventHow今年你去过那里多少次？many timeshave youbeen therethis year现在完成时可以和带有或等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示2since for动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在如I havent seen himfor two years.但是，像等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用要用，come,arrive,buy必须改为在”等延续性动词来表述现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续“be性动词的转换arrive^be herebeginstart^be ondief bedead come backf bebackleave f be awayget fallillsick,asleep-be illsick,asleepupfbe upfinish fbe goout—be out或over openfbeopen puton—wear beonclose fbe closed或join fbe inbe a member of*••borrow—keepgo toschool bea studentbuy-havecatcha coldfhavea coldget to know-^know等如begin to study studycome towork—work He has beena soldierfor three.他参军三年了years他父亲去世二年了His fatherhas beendead for two years.电影已开始十分钟了The filmhas beenon for ten minutes.我们开始学英语已三年了We have studied Englishfor three years..现在完成时和一般过去时的区别4现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系如对现在产生的结果或影响等，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系试比较我把新书丢了现在还未找到I havelost my new book.我昨天把新书丢了昨天丢的，现在找到与否没I lostmynew book yesterday.说明.几点注意事项5与的区别表示“去过某地现在1have beento have gone tohave beento已经回来了”，可用于各人称；表示“去某地了说话时某人不在当have goneto地”，常用于第三人称，前者可与等连用，后者则不能once,never,several times如已他们去过北京两次他去They have been to Beijing twicHe has gone to Beijing.北京了如单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有一词，也不必用2since完成时如二.It istwo years since hisfather died.His fatherhas beendead for two years他父亲去世已看三年了终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可3以和表示一段时间的状语连用如I haven!t leftheresince
1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿
一、单项选择
1.Li Honghas the army for2years.A.joined B.be in C.been in D.joined in
2.We have been friendssince.A.children B.five yearsC.five years ago D.five yearsbefore
3.Mike thestory for a month.A.has bought B.has hadC.had had D.has borrowed
4.You thatquestion three times.A.already askedB.havealreadyaskedC.already haveasked D.asked already
5.Those foreignfriends leftGuangzhou.A.since last week B.a week ago C.fora week D.since aweekago
6.I atthis school for two years.A.am studyingB.study C.studied D.havestudied
7.They in the citysince lastsummer.A.live B.didnt liveC.have livedD.live
8.Mrs.Wang has lived inHaikou
1992.A.since B.from C.after D.in
9.Mr.Black China since thesummer of
1998.A.has been toB.has beeninC.has come to D.came to
10.His fatherfor years.A.has diedB.has beendead C.died D.dies
11.Mary to see the films becauseshe ittwice.A.wont go,saw B.wont go,will seeC.wont go,has seenD.didnt go,sees
12.--Would you like somemore food--Thank you.I enough.A.will haveB.have hadC.have D.had
13.you EnglandYes,it a beautiful country.A.Will,gone to,was B.Have,been to,isC.Had,been to,is D.Have,goneto,is
14.----you toBeijing--No,I Jthere earlynext month.A.Have,been,havent,am goingB.Had,been,hadnt,am goingC.Have,gone,havent,was goingD.Did,go,didnt,was going
15.—You sisterto London tostudyEnglish.Is thattrue—Yes,she there for twomonths.A.has been,has been B.will go,has goneC.gone,will beD.has gone,has been
16.He hasa computerof hisown.He ittwo daysagoA.bought B.bought C.bought D.has bought
17.—Where isLi Lei—He Shanghai.A.has gonetoB.has beento C.went to D.goes to
18.He his homework andis nowlistening tomusic.A.,finishes B.has finishedC.finish D.is finishing
19.David Shanghaifor morethan threemonths.A.came toB.has beento C.has beeninD.has cometo
20.—Is yourfather a Party member—Yes,he theparty three years ago.He aParty member forthree years.A.joined;has been B.has joined;has beenC.was joined;is D.joined;was
21.-What anice bike!How loneyou it--Just fiveweeks.A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had
22.I this book foraweekJ haveto returnit now.A.borrowed B.have borrowed C.kept D.have kept
23.—-your sisterin GreenChina fora longtime--Yes.She joinedit five years ago.A.Has;beenB.Have;been C.Has;joined D.Have;joined
24.-How longhave youfrom theUSA--For threemonths.A.comebackB.returned C.go backD.been back
25.I this book for half a year.A.have boughtB.have hadC.bought D.had
26.The studentsare sorryto hearthat famoussinger fora year.A.has left B.has goneC.has beenaway D.has goneaway
27.—you yourhomeworkyet—Yes,I itjust now.A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;have finishedD.Will;do;finish
28.The sandstorm weatherin Beijingseveral timesthis year.A.happen B.happened C.has happenedD.have happened
29.—How longhave youbeen here—last month.A.For B.Until C.Before D.Since
30.He acold for three days.A.has caughtB.has hadC.has gotD.caught
31.Jim Greenin Chinafor twoyears.A.has comeB.has beenC.has arrivedD.came
32.The filmforhalf an hour.A.has beenon B.has begunC.hasnt begunD.began
33.—Where have you these days—I havetoBeijingwith myfriends.；；；；A.been goneB.been beenC.gone beenD.gone gone
34.How longhave youthis bookA.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent
35.We havelived herefiveyears ago.A.when B.since C.before D.after
36.—I have watched thegame.—When youit；；；；A.havewatchedB.do watchC.did watchD.will watch一
37.How doyoulikeBeijing,Mr.Black—Oh,I suchabeautifulcity.A.don*t visitB.didn*t visitC.haven*t visitedD.hadn*t visited
38.Miss Brownto theGreat Walltwice.A.have beenB.has beenC.have goneD.has gone
39.His brotherhas beento StoneForest twicehe cameto Yunnan.A.after B.before C.since D.for
40.His grandpafortwoyears.A.was diedB.has beendead C.was deadD.has died一
41.Have youever toHaikou—Yes,I therewith myfamily lastAugust.；；；；A.gone wentB.been went C.been went to D.been was in
42.His sisterher hometownfor three years.Shell returnnextyear.以适当形式填空A.leftB.has leftC.has beenaway D.has beenaway from
1.I alreadyseethe film.Isee itlast week.
2.——hefinish hiswork today-----------------------------------Not yet.
3.——yoube toHong Kong--Yes,Ibe theretwice.
4.——you evereatchocolate sundaes--No,never.
5.My fatherjustcome backfrom work.He istired now.
6.Wheres LiMingHego to the teachersoffice.
7.Shanghaibe asmall townhundreds ofyears ago.Now itbecome alargecity.
8.Iwork heresince Imovehere in
1999.
9.So farImake quitea fewfriends here.
10.—How longthe Smithsstayhere--For two weeks.
11.—Isee thefilm uChickenRun”.-Where andwhen youseeit---Last week.
12.Mary alreadyhaveher supper.
13.Inot wanttoseethefilm.Isee itwith myparents.Wesee itlast Sunday.
14.—Uncle Wangmendthe TVyet-Yes,he.-When heit-Yesterday.
15.youread todaysnewspaper yet
16.They alreadydotheir homework.But theydontknow whatdonext.
17.—yousee thefilm lastnight—No,Isee itfor severaltimes.
18.Shebe illforthreedays.
19.My fatherbuy abook forme yesterday.He alreadypayfifty yuanfor it.
20.Shenot readthisbookbefore.
21.you evertravelon atrain before
22.—Wei Huacomeyet—Yes.Shecome already.Shecome justnow.
23.—How longyoulearn English-For morethan twoyears.
24.Theylive inChina sincetheymove toChina.句型转换每空一词（改为否定句）
1.I have beento Macau before.I beentoMacaubefore.（就戈线部分提问）
2.He hasntcometoschool becausehes illU hecome toschool（就划线部分提问）
3.He haslearned Englishfor5years.learned English（用改写）
4.I boughta newbike justnow.justI justa newbike.（改为同义句）
5.We beganto learnEnglish threeyears ago.We Englishthreeyears（就划线部分提问）
6.He haslived heresince
1999.he here（否定）
7.They havealready finishedthe work.They thework.（同义句）
8.My fathergot theretwo daysago.My fatherfortwodays.（同义句）
9.Mr.Li beganto teachEnglish in this schoolin
1999.Mr.Li Englishin thisschool since
1999.（同义句）
10.The factoryopened tenyears ago.The factoryfor tenyears.（就
11._____________________.They have cleaned theroom twicethis week.划线部分提问）_________they the classroom thisweek（同义句）
12.My fatherwenttoEngland in2003and
2005.My fatherEngland.（同义句）
13.John leftBeijing threeyearsago.John Beijingthreeyears.（同义句）
14.His companyclosed in
2003.His company_________________________
2003.（同义句）
15.My fatherbought the car halfa yearago.My fatherthecarhalfayear.（同义句）
16.We gottoknoweach otherfor about15years.We eachother about15years.（同义句）
17.The filmbegan ten minutes ago.The filmfor ten minutes.（同义句）
18.I borrowedthisbooktwo weeksago.I thisbook fortwoweeks.
一、单项选择
1、Both hisparents looksad.Maybe theywhats happenedto him.（呼和浩特）A.knew B.have known C.must knowD.will know
2、He has beentoShanghai,has heA.already B.never C.everD.still
3、Have youmet MrLi A.just C.before D.a momentagointhe pasttwo
4、The famouswriter onenewbookyear.A.is writingB.was writingC.wrote D.haswritten
5、一Our countrya lotso far.一Yes.I hopeit willbe evenA.has changed;well B.changed;goodC.has changed;better alreadyD.changed;better
6、Zhao Laninthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studying;B.will;study studyingC.has studied
7、We_Xiao Lisince shehad wasa littlegirl.A.know B.knownC.have knownD.knew
8、Harry Potteris avery nicefilm.I ittwice.A.will seeB.haveseenC.saw D.see
9、一These farmershavebeento一Reallythe UnitedStates.When there A.will theygo B.did theygoC.do theygo D.have theygone yet
10、一you yourhomework—Yes.I ita momentago.A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;have finishedD.will;do;finish11His fatherthe Partysince
1978.A.joined B.has joinedC.wasinD.has beenin12一Do youknow himwell一Sure.We friendssince tenyearsago.A.were B.havebeenC.have become D.have made13一How longhaveyouhereA.beenB.gone14Hurry up!The playC.comeD.arrivedA.has begunfortenminutes.B.hadC.has beenon begunD.began heleft
15、It tenyearssinceA.is B.thearmy.has C.will——About twomonths.16Miss Greenisnt inthe office.she tothe1ibrary.A.has goneB.wentC.will goD.has been
17、My parents______Shandong forten yearsA.havebeenin B.havebeentoC.have gonetoD.havebeen9•
18、The studentshavecleanedtheclassroom,_______A.so theyB.dontthey C.have theyD.haven tthey
19、has MrWhite beenamemberof GreenerChinasincehe_to ChinaA.How soon,comes B.How often,gotC.How long,came D.How far,arrived20His unclefor morethan9years.A.has comehere B.has startedto workC.haslivedthere D.has leftthe university
二、句型转换
1、Hehasnever surfed,（改成反意疑问句）
2、They havebeen heresince
2000.（对划线部分提问）have theybeen here
3、The oldman lastyear.He forayear,（die）（动词填空）
4、This factoryopened twentyyearsago.（同义句转换）This factoryfor twentyyears.
5、Miss Gaoleft an hour ago.（同义句转换）Miss Gao________________________________________anhourago.
6、Her motherhas beenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）Her mothertheParty threeyears.
7、The GreenFamily moved to Francetwoyearsago.（同义句转换）two yearstheGreen familymovedtoFrance.
8、The bushas arrivedhere.It arrivedtenminutesago.（把两个句子合并成一个句子）汉译英
1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了
2、他昨天收到一封信
3、我父亲以前到过长城
4、她还没有看过那部新电影
5、她去过上海
6、他这些天上哪儿去了？参考答案
一、单项选择
1、现在完成时主耍强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来,也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用故2应选B
3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来）,so far（到目前为止），inthepast/last+一段时间”等时间状语连用因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的故4应选Do
5、C
6、现在完成时时常与“for+时间段或since+过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）故6应选C
7、C
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），threetimes（三次），severaltimes（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用故8应选B
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,又但二者有区别一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,侧重说话的点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday,lastweek,a momentago等）连用故9的正确答案为B
10、B
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替故11的正确答案依次为Do
12、B
13、A
14、C
15、Ao
16、“have/hasgoneto+地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来），指主语所指的人不在这儿have/has beenin+地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用“have/has beento+地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）”故16的正确答案为A
17、A
18、D
二、
1920、C句型转换
1、has、he
2、How long
3、died,has beendead
4、has beenopen
5、has beenaway
6、joined；agoThe
7、It is,since bushasbeenherefortenminutes.
8、
三、汉译英Jim hasfinished doinghishomeworkalready.He isfree now.He receiveda letteryesterday.My fatherhasbeentotheGreat Wallbefore.She hasn，tseenthe newfilm yet.She hasbeentoShanghai.Where hashe beenthesedays。
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