大兴区2023-2024学年度高二年级英语第一学期期中考试题

大兴区学年度第一学期期中检测试卷2023-2024高二英语

2023.11本试卷共13页，共100分考试时长90分钟考生务必将答案写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题

1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并A BC D在答题卡上将该项涂黑In theheart of the city,nested betweenthe toweringskyscrapers,stood alittle librarythat hadwithstoodthe testof_1—.Every brickand bookin thatbuilding heldstories notjust from the pages,butof thecountless soulswho hadwalked its_2—.（绿洲、|）Anna,a youngwriter,often visitedthis oasisof knowledge.She wason the_3—ofpublishing herfirst bookbut wasfacing thecrippling self-doubt thatoften troublescreators.One evening,as shewandered betweenthe shelves,she happenedto seean old,dusty_4—.It was a journalfrom the1800s,written bya then-unknown writernamed Lillian.As Annaskimmed throughthe pages,she was5_by Lilliansstruggles whichmirrored herown.Lillian wroteof herrejections,her momentsof despair,and thenights shewanted togive up.But shealsowrote ofher_6—moments,where the words flowedlike ariver and the storiestook alife of their own.The finalentry wasdated aday beforeLillians firstbook was published.It read,To theC.Nuclear power=clean energy for thefuture!D.Nuclear plants=innovation andmultidisciplinary research第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Have youbecome reallyinterested inself-improvement latelyThis pursuitof moreand betterthings,whether theybe betterhealth,clothes,or moneyhas beennormalized,but sometimesto thedetrimentof peopleswellbeing.This self-improvement mindsetcan makeyou feeldisempowered,likeyou shouldbe someoneelse.Here arefive time-wasting self-improvement habitsthat areharmful toyou.•Extremely highand unrealisticexpectationsHaving goalscan bevery helpfulsince it can helpgive yousomething towork towardsand placeyourenergy into._35_This is a harmfulhabit becauseyoure notfocused onyourself andyourenjoyment oflife,but on achieving otherpeoples ideals.Remember,you donthave to be perfect,youjust needto beyourself.•The quickculture mentalityTheidea abouthow you must nevergive upor thatyoumustconstantly hustle,even at the expenseofyour healthcan bevery damagingto yourwellbeing.Sometimes,things justdont workout andyouneed togive up,but thatsnot abad thing.—36—As muchas there are peoplewho havesupportthemselves andothers byworking longhours,constantly hustlingwithout takingany breaksfor yourselfto get yourbearings mayonly leadto burnout.（审美）•Putting aestheticsover healthSocialmedia can be atool tohelp youchange yourlife for the better,it canalso misleadhow yousee yourself andothers.37Women areimplored to get dangerous,unnecessary cosmeticsurgery andmenare toldto bejacked andin thegym byany meansfor thosegains,but ourbodies arenot trendsthatwe shouldbe ashamedof.•Information withoutapplicationLike manyothers,you maydecide toapply theself-improvement informationonce youfinishedreading allof it,but thereare somany booksabout it and newones keepscoming out.38_As powerfulas knowledgeis,applied knowledgeis thebest kind.Dont be afraid toapply whatyouvelearnt into the world.•Visualizations withoutactionPerhaps youseeyourselfasapainter,or youwish youdhave abig house.Visualizing thelife youwantand puttingit outthere canbeagreat waytogetyourself motivated.However,this canbecome anissuewhen youonly putit outthere anddream aboutit withnothing inbetween tobridge the gap.—39—Remember thatyou have to actuallydo ittogetthere.A.It canbe heartbreakingand tough,but itmay benecessary.B.It willbe toobad if you fail to keepyour momentumand workon.C.You needto creategreat expectationsin orderto driveyourself forward.D.If itlacks thestructure and action,all youdreamt aboutis onlya dream.E.However,you mightcreate wildexpectations whichare toomuch foryourself.F.Instead ofpromoting healthylifestyles,it advertisescertain bodytypes asdesirable.G.All of these how-tos canbe helpful,but they are uselessifyoudont actuallyuse them.第三部分书面表达（共两节,32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题，共12分；第

40、41小题,每小题2分；第42题,3分；第43题,5分）阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英语回答问题请在答题卡指定区域作答Japan startedreleasing nuclear-contaminated waterinto thePacific Oceanon August24th andwillcontinue todo sofor atleast30years.In theface ofstrong questioningand oppositionfrom theinternational community,Japan playsword gamesby referringto thedischarged nuclear-contaminatedwater astreated nuclear wastewater”.However,the twoare fundamentallydifferent.Nuclear wastewaterrefers to the wastewaterproducedduring thenormal,daily operationof a nuclear powerplant,such aslarge quantitiesof waterused to cooldown the reactor of the plant.Because thewater doesnttouch radioactive（放射性物质）substances in the nuclearreactor,itcanbe flushedout afterstrict processing.Nuclear-contaminated waterrefers tocooling waterthat comesinto directcontact withradioactivematerials insidethereactorwhen thereactor isbreached afteranuclearaccident.The coolingwaterbecomes contaminatedwith highlyradioactive substances,thus becomingnuclear-contaminated water.The Fukushimanuclear powerplant experienceda majorincident in2011,bringing waterinto昆淆）contact withradioactive substances.The Japanesesides conflationC ofthis withwastewater fromnormaloperations is a deceptiveattempt to hide the truth.The Japaneseside claimsthat themulti-nuclidetreatment systemALPS isusedtotreat nuclearcontaminated water,and that the treatedwater issafe andevenmeets drinkingwater standards.However,such statementsfailtoalleviate publicconcerns.Japanhas yetto addressmajor internationalconcerns,such as the long-term reliabilityof the purificationfacility,the authenticityand accuracyof thenuclear-contaminated waterdata,and theeffectiveness if themonitoring arrangement.This isextremely selfishand irresponsible,asthedischarge willspread therisksof nuclearcontamination tothe restoftheworld.

40.How doesthe Japanesemislead theinternationalcommunity

41.In whatway nuclear-contaminated wateris differentfrom nuclearwastewater.

42.Please decidewhich partis falsein thefollowing statement,then underlineitandexplain why.Japan飞deceptive attemptstohidethe truthalleviate publicconcerns overthe long-termreliability ofthepurificationfacility,etc.（）

43.How isJapans dumpingnuclear-contaminated waterrelated toyou Inabout40words第二节（共20分）假如你是红星中学学生李华，你的学校准备以“选秀类节目是否对公众有益”为题举行一场英文辩论赛作为一名参赛选手，请你表达自己的主张，并对自己的主张进行论证内容应包括你是否支持选秀类节目；

1.你支持或者反对的原因及依据

2.参考词汇talent show注意词数左右

1.100可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯

2.（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）future dreamerswho mayfind this:Remember,every_7—has itsdawn.Your strugglesare merelythedark beforethe morninglight.Keep writing,keep dreaming,and oneday,your storieswill lightupsomeones_8_just asyou havelit upmine.”Anna felt a connectionto Lillianacross thecenturies.With renewed_9—,she leftthe library,readyto facethe challengesahead.For inher heart,she carriedLillians story-a beaconof hopeandatestamentto thetimeless journeyof_10—.

1.A.modernity B.time C.innovation D.criticism

2.A.rows B.rooms C.seats D.gates

3.A.edge B.top C.end D.middle

4.A.novel B.diary C.manuscript D.brochure

5.A.prevented B.amazed C.struck D.puzzled

6.A.disorderly B.ordinary C.bright D.final

7.A.story B.night C.path D.task

8.A.day B.world C.despair D.book

9.A.energy B.purpose C.hesitation D.perspective

10.A.creation B.writing C.discovery D.learning第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题

1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给1出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空请在答题卡指定区域作答AMillions ofyears ago,the Earth_11—inhabit bywonderful creaturesthat nolonger walkourlands.One suchcreature,the dodo,once thrivedon theisolated islandof Mauritius.It was a flightlessbird_12—a uniqueappearance.Sadly,due tohuman interferenceand introducedspecies,these birdsweredriven toextinction within a fewcenturies oftheir_13—discover.BMarie Curie,born inWarsaw,Poland,wasatrailblazing physicistand chemistacknowledged forher_14—pioneer researchon radioactivity.Not onlydid shebecome the first woman—15—win aNobelPrize,but shealso remainsthe onlyperson whohas wonNobel Prizesin bothPhysics andChemistry.Her dedicationand perseverancein amale-dominated field_16—inspire countlessindividuals worldwide.During the Renaissance,a period_17—covers from the14th tothe17th century,Europeexperienced arevival ofart,culture,and intellect.Leonardo daVinci,often referredto asthe archetypeoftheRenaissanceMan”,was notonly anartist butalso18_inventor,scientist,and mathematician.Hispainting,the MonaLisa,is consideredone of_19—famous iconicworks ofart.Yet,many ofhis_20—,although revolutionary,were notbuilt duringhis lifetime.第二部分阅读理解共两节,38分第一节共14小题;每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AHorizon Institute:Annual WinterWorkshop BackgroundEstablishedin2005,Horizon Instituteis committedto bridgingthegapbetween academictheoryand real-world application.With over20,000alumni worldwide,our focusis onproviding hands-onexperiences in a widerange ofdisciplines.Workshop Details:Dates:December5th-December20thCourses Available:Advanced Mathematics,Experimental Physics,Digital ArtDesign,andLeadership Dynamics.Eligibility:Students aged12-18with akeen interestin thechosen subject.Fee:$350for a single course.Enroll intwo ormore coursesfor a15%discount on the totalfee.Facilities andFeatures:State-of-the-art laboratoriesand designstudios.Interactive sessionswith industryexperts.Dedicated mentorshipby experiencedprofessionals.Access toour extensivelibrary andonline resources.Additional Benefits:Certification uponcourse completion.Opportunities forinternships inpartner organizations.Networking eventswith Horizonalumni andindustry leaders.For MoreDetails:Visit ourcampus onNovember15th foran openhouse session.Contact usvia email:or call:456789-

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21.What isHorizon Institutesprimary missionA.Hosting winterworkshops everyyear.B.Organizing networkingevents forstudents.C.Linking academicteachings topractical experiences.D.Offering onlinecourses invarious disciplines.

22.What canstudents expectwhen theyjoin in the workshopA.Free mealsthroughout thecourse.B.Personalized one-on-one teachingsessions.C.Interaction withprofessionals fromvarious industries.D.A chanceto studyabroad withpartner institutions.

23.How cansomeone gatherin-depth informationabout theworkshopA.By browsingthe institutesonline catalog.B.By attendingthe openhouse onNovember15th.C.By waitingfor theannual newsletter.D.By joiningthe institutessocial mediapage.BIn thesprawling metropolisof Grayville,where skyscraperstouched theheavens andstreets wereconstantlybuzzing withlife,there existeda uniqueplace called“The Cornerof Quietude”.It wasneithera parknor abuilding.In fact,it wassimply astreet comer,marked byasinglelamppost witha peculiarsign:Speak softly,for thisis aplace ofsolace”.Legend hadit thatanyone speakingbeneath thislamppost,regardless ofthe surroundingnoise,would findtheir wordsdrowned out,replaced byan mysteriouspeace.Over theyears,many hadcome toexperienceits magic.They spokeof heartbreaks,dreams,regrets,and wishes,seeking solacein itsembrace.Ella,a journalistnew toGrayville,stumbled uponthis cornerduring anassignment.Doubtful,shedecided totest the legend.Whispering herdeepest fearsabout herfailing careerand strugglesin thebigcity,she wasshocked whenall sheheard wasa calmingwhisper,almost asiftheworld aroundherpaused.Ella duginto thehistory of“The Cornerof Quietude”.She discoveredthat decadesago,a musiciannamedAlaric hadlost his voice andwould visitthe cornerevery night,playing hissilent tunesonaviolin,hoping tocommunicate throughhis music.Some believedthatthecomer absorbedAlarics yearningforexpression andbecame aplace forall whosought tovoice theirinnermost emotions.

24.What wasunique about“The Comerof Quietude”in GrayvilleA.It wasthe oldestpark inthis busycity.B.It waswhere Alaricplayed musicevery night.C.People foundtheir wordsreplaced byquietness.D.It wasa silentzone whereno soundwas allowed.

25.Why didElla cometothe corner inthefirstplaceA.To checkthe legend.B.To whisperher fears.C.To meetthe musician.D.To finishher assignment.

26.How didElla reactupon experiencingthe comersmagicA.She feltit wasjust anothercity mystery.B.She immediatelybelieved inthelegend.C.She wrotean articleto clarifythetruth.D.She wassurprised andfeltasense ofcalm.

27.What issuggested about the musicianAlaricA.He wasthe founderof Grayvilleandthecorner.B.He reclaimedhisvoiceby playingatthecorner.C.He playedmusic todisrupt thepeace ofthecorner.D.His silenttunes contributed tothecomers mysterioussense.C（合成）Chinese scientistsrecently achievedprecise totalsynthesis of sugar fromcarbon dioxideinthe laboratory,marking acrucial stepin artificial sugar synthesis.The synthesis,which tookmore thantwo yearsto realize,was achieved by teamsfrom the ChineseAcademy ofSciences9Tianjin Instituteof IndustrialBiotechnology andthe academysDalian InstituteofChemical Physics.Their researchwaspublishedlast weekinapaper inChinese ScienceBulletin,amultidisciplinary academicjournal.Sugar is a majorsource ofenergyforthe humanbody anda keyraw materialfor industrialproduction,and it is mainlyobtained byextracting itfrom cropssuch assugar cane.However,thetraditional methodof extractionis limitedby theenergy conversionefficiency ofplant photosynthesis.Moreover,the process of extractingsugar hasbeen affectedby uncertainraw materialsupplies duetoland degradationand shortages,ecosystem degradationand extremeweather andnatural disasterscausedby globalwarming.As aresult,artificial sugar synthesis hasbeen continuallystudied bythe scientificcommunity inrecentyears,and scientistsaround theworld havecontributedtothe effort.In theirlatest research,theChinese scientistsadjusted high-concentration carbondioxide andother raw materials inthe reaction（酶）solution.With thehelp ofchemical catalystsand enzymecatalysts,they obtainedfour kindsofsugars:glucose,allulose,tagatose andmannose.The experimentlasted about17hours,much shorter than thetime requiredfor traditionalmethodsof sugarextraction,according toYang Jiangang,lead authorofthepaper andassociate researcherat theTianjininstitute.The efficiencyof sugarsynthesis inthis studywas

0.67grams perliter perhour,which wasmorethan10times higherthan theprevious resultsachievedbyscientists worldwide.Yang saidthat thecarbondioxide to sugar conversionrate ofglucose reached

59.8nanomoles ofcarbon permilligram ofcatalystper minute.This isthe highestlevel of artificialsugarproduction knowndomestically andinternationally.The studyalso achievedprecise controlofartificialsugarsynthesis.By controllingthe variedcatalyticeffects ofdifferent enzymes,theoretically almostany typeofsugarcanbesynthesized,Yangsaid.Regarding thestudy,Manfred Reetz,a memberoftheGerman NationalAcademy ofSciencesLeopoldina,said it isaparticularly challengingtask toconvert carbondioxide into sugars.The achievementby Chinesescientists hasprovided aflexible,multifunctional andefficient sugarsynthesisroute,which opensa doorfor greenchemistry,Reetz said.Green chemistry,similar tosustainablechemistry,isarapidly developingfield thatfocuses onhow tofully utilizeraw materialsandenergy inthe processof producingthe intendedproduct whileminimizing oreliminating theuse andgenerationof harmful substances.Carbon dioxideto sugarconversion isseen asan exampleof greenchemistry,since itwasconducted undernormal temperatureand pressureconditions anddid notyield anyharmfulsubstances.

28.Why doscientists keepstudying artificialsugar synthesisA.Because sugaris anessential energysource forindustrial production.B.Because thetraditional extractionapproach is not environmentallyfriendly.C.Because rawmaterial supplyis unreliableintheprocessoftraditional sugarextraction.D.Because thetraditional extractionapproach isless productivethan plantphotosynthesis.

29.How istheChinesestudy significantE.It synthesizedalmost alltypes ofsugar inthe laboratory.F.It controlledvaried catalyticeffects ofdifferent enzymes.G.It convertedhigh-concentration carbondioxide intosugar.H.It lasted17hours,shorterthanprevious traditionalmethods.

30.What canwe inferfrom thepassageA.Green chemistryhelped use up allrawmaterialsto generatemore products.B.Carbon dioxidetosugarconversion willbe usedin industrialproduction soon.C.Green chemistryisanew fieldwhere Chinesescientists willput moreefforts on.D.Carbon dioxidetosugarconversion willtake upall sugarproduction dueto itsefficiency.DMaking electricityout offossil fuelsreleases lotsof greenhousegases,which accumulatein theatmosphereand heat up theplanet.Nuclear power,ontheother hand,has thepotential tobe analmostunlimited andmore climate-friendly energysource.That isbecause incontrast tofossil fuels,nogreenhouse gasesare releaseddirectly duringthe immediateuse ofthe fuel.However,therearealso severalmajor problems.First,the miningof nuclear fuel iscostly andenergyintensive andcauses manyenvironmental problems.Second,nuclear energyproductiongenerates significantamounts ofradioactive waste,which isextremely dangerousif nothandled safely.（基建）Finally,the entireprocess requiresvery complex and energyintensive infrastructure,whichcontributes toindirect greenhousegas emissions.We usecomputer andmathematical modelsto understandif itmight bepossible toredesign nuclearpower stations ina waythat theyrun onnuclearwaste.This wouldreduce thenegative impactsof currentandfuture nuclear power generationimmensely.（可行的）Our modelshow that itisfeasible toredesign nuclear power stationsinaway theycan（）run onspent nuclearfuel SNF.Plus,the SNFdoes nothave tobe furthermodified beforeitisused.Even better,our advancednuclear power stations do not produceany additionalwaste.While theseinnovativepower stationsdonotyet exist,our researchindicates thattheyarea realpossibility forthefuture.In ourresearch,so-called moltensalt reactorsseem apromising candidateforthenew typeofnuclear powerstation asthey couldbe redesignedto run on SNF.Molten saltreactors operateon fuelmeltin liquidsalt.Over alifetime of60years,one ofthese reactorswould“eatup“roughly70tons ofSNF.This amountaccumulates in3to4years ofoperation ina traditionalnuclear powerstation ofcomparable size.Our suggestedredesign wouldmake nuclear energy generationmuch moreefficientand sustainable,as itcould squeezeout upto20times moreenergy fromalready spentnuclearfuel.Itwould alsoeliminate anySNF asa sourceof highlyproblematic waste.Creating nuclearpowerstationsthat canrunonexisting nuclearwaste isa worthyendeavea,andour feasibilityanalysis showsthatitcan likelybe done.However,we needa lotof innovativeandmultidisciplinary researchto putthis visioninto reality.Eating up“radioactive waste as fuel wouldeliminate thelong-term storageproblem ofcurrent nuclearwaste.Also,it wouldrelieve usfromthecostsand environmentaldamages doneby miningcurrent nuclearfuel andthe complicatedprocesses requiredforlong termoperation.The newoperational modelwould onlyconsist ofmelting theSNF,operating thereactor,and cleaningthe fuelsalt.All inall,it wouldreduce manyenvironmental,social andpoliticalissues ofcurrent nuclearpower production.Using ourcurrent nuclearwasteasfuelwouldallow ustotake fulladvantage ofthe climate-friendly aspectof nuclearpower generation.Even inscience andtechnology,its importantto realizewhen wehavetorethink ourcurrentapproaches andwhat ouroptions arefor improvement.Current nuclearpowerstationshave beencreatedwith pasttechnologies andgoals inmind.Nowadays,some peopleclaim,they mightcreate oftenmoreproblems thanthey solve.We needinnovative alternativesto providesustainable,safe andclean energyforgenerations tocome.

31.When talkingaboutthemajor problemsof nuclearpower production,the authortries tosayA.nuclear energyisnotenvironmental-friendlyB.nuclearpowerplants deservetoberemodeledC.nuclearenergyis dangerousand difficultto handleD.nuclearpowerplants arecomplexandhard tobuild

32.What doestheworduendeavor^underlined inParagraph6most probablymeanA.attempt B.business C.candidate D.design

33.What canwe learnfromthepassageA.The proposedreactor isfeasible andlikely tobe putinto use.B.The proposedreactor iseconomical andoperationally effective.C.The proposedreactor cansolve themajor problemspreviously mentionedinthepassage.D.The proposedreactor canuseupSNF frommany traditionalreactors ofcomparablesize.

34.Which wouldbe thebest titleofthepassageA.Nuclear waste=fuel ofthe futureB.Nuclear problems=efforts tosolve them。