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Unit2Lessons inlifeSection BUsing language
1、学会本节单词、短语
2、掌握本节句型表达与运用
1.rather than而不是;与其,不愿(用于连接两个并列成分)would do sth.rather than do sth.would ratherdo sth.than dosth.>宁愿做某事,也不做某事prefer todosth.rather thandosth.,OHe decidedto relyon himselfrather thanseek helpfrom hisfriends.他决定靠自己,而不向朋友求助❷Id liketo cooperatewith himrather thanyou.我想跟他合作,而不是跟你合作©He wouldlose all his possessions rather thando such kind of things.=He wouldrather loseall hispossessions thando suchkind ofthings.=He prefersto loseall hispossessionsratherthandosuchkindofthings.他宁愿失去他所有的财产,也不愿做这种事
2.put.・・into…在……耗费(精力);往……投入(资金);用……表达OHe put allhisenergies intobringing uphis son.他把所有的精力都用于抚养他的儿子❷The governmentputalot ofmoney into the constructionof sportsfacilities.政府在体育设施建设上投入了大量资金©Can youhelp meput thisletter into good English,please请问你能帮我用通顺的英语来表达这封信的内容吗?[即学即练]单句语法填空
①I dontthink itwise toput allyour moneythis project.
②Put wordswhy youfeel unworthy,why youdont feelgood enough.
1.The bookis writtenfor children.
2.He wasinvited todeliver aspeech abouthow tostudy Englishwell.
3.His caris being^repaired sohe hastogoto workon foot.
4.T havebeen told that thesports meetingmight be put off.
5..When Igot there,I wastoldthat the ticketshad alre^dyJ)Qgn soldout.
6.Plenty ofjobs will be offeredto thegraduates thisyear.
7.The managersaid thatthe projectwould becompleted by the endof themonth.
8.Some girlswere seento singin theclassroom.C_j*\ZSZKZ\^ZvZ\^/\Z\^ZX^ZKZ»yS7*w*
9.My littlesister is」OQk乱述篡by me.
10.Their newhouse has been decoratedfor twomonths andthey willmove insoon.
11.A lotof foodis wastedevery day.✓\ZSZ\Z\Zv/v^Az\Zw*«»Z\ZSZ^SJ.
12.A newcomputer was^bought yesterdayto replacethe oldone.XXZX^XZXZXZ\ZSZXZ\Z\ZXZ\Z\^KZ^^Z\Z\Z\ZJ JI
13.When wegot there,the roadwa§bem£J®Dakgd-7*\ZSZW\^\Z\ZX/*XZ\ZXZ\Zv«^XZ^^ZS/SZXZv^^/SZ\Z\ZW\ZSZKZ.
14.An Englishcompetition will be heldat threeoclock thisafternoon.
15.In thelast fewyears thousandsof filmshgyg^ggiiprQdusgfiL
16.English lessonsarejbeing^broadcast onthe TV.[共性呈现]
17.有画线部分均为谓语的被动形式;
18.am/is/are done为一般现在时的被动语态(句
1、
9、11);was/were done为一般过去时的被动语态(句
2、812);am/is/are being done为现在进行时的被动语态(句
3、16);was/were being done为过去进行时的被动语态(句13);have/hasbeen done为现在完成时的被动语态(句
4、
10、15);willbedone为一般将来时的被动语态(句
6、14);would bedone为过去将来时的被动语态(句7);had beendone为过去完成时的被动语态(句5)[语法精释]被动语态英语有两种语态主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者
1.使用被动语态的几种情况1不知道或不必说出动作的执行者A greaternumber ofDisneys MagicEnglish bookswillbepublished nextyear.明年将有更多《迪士尼神奇英语》系列丛书出版2强调动作的承受者A newfunction ofthe websiteis expectedto boostbuyers chancesof obtaininga ticket.该网站的一项新功能有望增加购买者买到票的机会3为了避免句子主语太长The economyis affectedbythecurrent globalfinancial crisis.经济受到当前全球金融危机的影响4新闻报道中为了体现新闻的客观性或科技文献中为了客观地描述事实及其过程The West-East GasPipeline Projectwas kickedoff onJuly4,
2002.“西气东输”工程于2002年7月4日全线开工特别注意被动语态中的“by+动作的执行者”通常可以省去但如果“by+动作的执行者”是句子的重点所在,或者没有此部分句子的意思就不完整时,则要保留The vegetablesdidn*t tastevery good.They hadbeen cookedtoo long.这些蔬菜不太好吃,烧的时间太长了不需要动作的执行者He arrivedattheairport,where hewas metby hisfriend.他到了机场,有朋友来接他没有by hisfriend,句子的意思不完整
2.非谓语动词的被动语态1动词不定式的被动形式动词不定式的被动形式有以下两种,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语
①一般式to bedone
②完成式to havebeendone不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前It isan honourto bechosen as a volunteer.能当选为志愿者是一件光荣的事情2动名词的被动形式动名词的被动形式有以下两种,在句中通常作主语、宾语和表语
①一般式beingdone
②完成式having beendoneBeing exposedto thesunlight isharmful toyour skin.暴露在阳光下对你的皮肤有害3现在分词的被动形式现在分词的被动形式有以下两种,在句中通常可作定语、状语和宾语补足语
①一般式beingdone
②完成式having beendoneThe buildingbeing repairedis ourlibrary.正在维修的那座楼是我们的图书馆Having beeninvited tospeak atthe conference,I willhave tostart makingpreparationstomorrow.由于受邀在会上讲话,我明天就得开始做准备
3.主动形式表被动意义的情况1表示开始、结束、运动的动词The cafecloses at11pm everyday.咖啡馆每天晚上11点打烂2表示主语的某种属性特征的动词后加副词,如read,write,act,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink等The newlydeveloped cellphonessell verywell.这些新研发的手机很畅销3be worth后接动名词,主动形式表不被动意义The filmis worthseeing.这部电影值得看4作“需要”讲的动词want,need,require后接动名词时用主动形式表示被动意义,也可接不定式的被动形式作宾语The bikeneeds/wants/requires repairing/to berepaired.这辆自行车需要修理5不定式主动形式表被动意义的情况
①“形容词+不定式”结构作表语、宾补和定语时,其中形容词多为表示性质的词,如easy,hard,good,difficult,interesting等She iseasy toapproach.她平易近人
②在too...to.../enough to…结构中The passageis toohard totranslate.这一段太难翻译了
③在“疑问代词+名词+不定式”结构中She willtell yonwhich busto take,她会告诉你坐哪路公共汽车
④不定式作定语,与被修饰词之间是动宾关系,而与句中的另一名词或代词之间是主谓关系I havea meetingto attendtoday.今天我有个会议要参加6be to blame,be tolet等用不定式表示被动含义The carelessdriver is toblamefor thetraffic accident.那个粗心的司机是这起交通事故的罪魁祸首My houseistolet.我的房子要出租
4.常见的不可用于被动语态的动词或动词短语不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态,如happen,take place等;某些及物动词短语不能用于被动语态,常见的有lack,belong to,agree with,consist of,turn out,run out等练习
1.Professional soccersuspend since mid-March duetotheCOVID-19,killing morethan28,000people atthe timethis articlewas published.
2.But manysuch lostpeople havebeen reunitedtheir familiesas AFsfacial recognitioncan matchanadult withhis/her childhoodphotographs.
3.我今天早上遇到了小学科学老师,我和他20年没有联系了touchI cameacross myprimary scienceteacher thismorning,whom Ifor20years.
4.他没有我适合当一名教练no more...thanHe*s fita coachIam.
5.曾经所有架子上都堆满了书cramAll theshelves usedto________________________________________________________.
6.The lawyersuggested the person referredtoput intoprison.
7.Our hostsshared manyof theirexperiences andrecommend wonderfulplaces toeat,shop,and visit.
8.Recent pressureat workmay accountfor hisnormal behaviour.
9.Dont usewords,expressions orphrase knownonly topeople withspecific knowledge.
10.Police departmentsare askingcitizens totrust themto usefacial recognisesoftwareasahandy toolin theircrime-fighting toolbox.答案以及解析
1.答案hasbeensuspended解析:句意为:自3月中旬以来,由于爆发了新型冠状病毒肺炎,职业足球比赛被叫停,在本文发表时,已有超过
2.8万人死亡suspend在此是谓语动词,与主语Professional soccer是被动关系,后有时间状语sincemid-March,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态又因主语为三单形式,故填has beensuspendedo
2.答案with解析句意为:但是,很多走失人员都得以和家人重聚,因为人工智能人脸识别技术能将一个成人与他/她儿时的照片相匹配be reunitedwith为固定搭配,意为“和……重聚/团聚”
4.答案no more;to be;than解析no more...than意为“不如,没有
5.答案be crammedwith books解析be crammedwith意为“堆满,挤满
6.答案be put解析句意为:律师建议把提到的相关人员关进监狱此处为suggest后的宾语从句中的谓语动词,与主语theperson是被动关系,suggest在此意为“建议”,其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语应用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略故填beput
7.答案recommended解析句意为:主人和我们分享了很多他们的经历,并且推荐了吃饭、购物以及参观的好去处此处和shared并列,应用一般过去时故填recommended
8.答案abnormal解析句意为:最近工作上的压力可能是他行为异常的原因设空处修饰名词behaviour,应填形容词,根据语境可知应填normal的反义词,故填abnormalo
9.答案phrases解析句意为:不要使用那些只有具有专业知识的人才知道的单词、措辞或短语phrase为可数名词,设空处与words和expressions并列,也应用复数形式
10.答案recognition解析句意为:警察部门要求市民信任他们的这一做法:将面部识别软件作为打击犯罪工具箱中的简便工具设空处作use的宾语,应用名词facial recognition意为“面部识别”。
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