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Unit3Understanding ideas
一、单项选择
1.Measuring theloss ofsoil requiresscientific techniquesand equipment.A.glorious B.greedy C.gradual D.guilty
2.Born apoor family,Abraham Lincolnfought hisway tothe topand becametheUnited States*16th Presidentand one of thegreatest inAmerican history.A.of...shapes B.on...statues C.into...figures D.with...images
3.When willthe governmentits positionon equalpay for womenA.clarify B.test C.strengthen D.announce
4.As apublic,Yao Mingknows whatto doin faceof thiskind ofthing.A.character B.opinion C.statue D.figure
5..Now thatyou area middleschool student,you shouldlearn tobe ofyourparents9help.A.energetic B.obvious C.independent D.religious
二、填空
6.Over theyears,millions ofpeople havevisited theS ofLiberty inNew York.(根据首字母单词拼写)Harbor(根据首字母单词拼写)
7.These physicalexercises aredesigned tos your body.(根据首字母
8.Taking exercisecan notonly syourbodybut alsorelease yourstress.单词拼写)(强化,力口强)(根据
9.Running isa goodway toour musclesand makeus happierand healthier.汉语提示单词拼写)(加强)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
10.I believethe activitywill surelyour friendship.
三、完成句子飞天被描绘成在明亮的蓝色天空中飞行,他们的围巾飞扬着,好像他们要飞下来迎接我们
11.The Apsaras are depictedsailing in the brightblue sky,,as ifthey_________________________________________________to meetus.仅仅接受他们并给予他们鼓励,让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩
12.Just acceptthem forwho theyare,and givethem encouragementto liveyou do.被选中代表他们的国家是大多数运动员的最高荣誉
13.________________________________________________their countryis thehighest honourformost athletes.作为老师,他确切地知道如何向他的学生表达他的观点
14.As ateacher,he knowsexactly_________________________________________________the students..他考试不及格的原因是他这些天没有努力学习
15.The reasonhe failedin theexam hedidnt workhard thesedays.
16.With thatmind,Moore askedher dadif shecould starther owncandy company.(用适当的词填空)
17.The publicationof GreatExpectations,which wasboth widelyreviewed andhighly praised,(strengthen)Dickens1status asa leadingnovelist.(所给词的适当形式填空)()
18.In the1760s,Mathurin Rozeopened aseries ofshops thatboast aspecial meatsoup called(所给词的适当形式填空)
四、阅读理解consomme.(甲烷排放)Humans areresponsible for25%to40%more ofthe totalshare of methane emissionsthan previously estimated,according toa newstudy inNature.Methane isoneofthe mostpowerful andeffective greenhousegases:about28times moreeffectivethan carbondioxide attrapping heatin the atmosphere.It!s responsible for abouta quarterof globalwarming.Its producednaturally byanimals,volcanoes,and wetlands,but its also a byproduct of oil andgasproduction.It*s thislast formof methanethat the study focusedon.Researchers usedice coremeasurements fromGreenland from1750to2013,plus previousdatafrom Antarctica.They meltedthe iceto letthe smallquantities ofancient airtrapped insidecome out.These acta bitlike timecapsules,allowing usto learnabout themethane in theatmosphereat thetime.(替代物)They usedcarbon-14,which comes from livingthings,asasubstitute todetermine whetherthemethane theyfound camefrom biologicalsources.Until1870,around thetime whenwe startedusing(化石)fossil fuels,almost allmethane camefrom thesesources.After that,there wasa risein methanethatdidnt haveany carbon-14,from ancientfossil sourcesin whichcarbon-14had disappeared.Thatallowed theresearchers tocompare naturalmethane withmethane causedby humanactivity.If more methane iscreated byhumans,theres aneven biggeropportunity tocontrol howmuchwe release.Methane staysintheatmosphere foronly adecadecompared with200years forcarbondioxide.So effortsto cutmethane,which mostlycomes fromthe productionandtransportation ofgas andoil,could bringgreat benefitright away.
19.Which methanesource doesthestudyfocus onA.Animals.B.Wetlands.C.Volcanoes.D.Fossil fuels.
20.What canwe learnfrom thistextA.Methane comesmainly fromanimals andwetlands.B,There ismoremethanethan carbondioxide inthe air.C.Fossil fuelshave beenused abouta centuryand ahalf.D.Methane willremain permanentlyintheatmosphere.
21.What isthe authorsattitude towardsmethane controlA.Optimistic.B.Skeptical.C.Disappointed.D.Unconcermed
22.What canbe thebest titlefor thetextA.Fossil FuelsCause GlobalPollutionB.Humans ProduceMore Methanethan WeThoughtC.Methane Isthe BiggestCause forGlobal WarmingD.Carbon DioxideHas LessImpact onClimate thanMethane参考答案
1.C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意测量土壤的逐渐流失需要科学的技术和设备光荣的;A.glorious B.贪婪的;逐渐的;内疚的根据可知,此处是指突然的逐greedy C.gradual D.guilty“loss ofsoil”渐流失故选C
2.C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和可数名词复数句意亚伯拉罕・林肯出生在一个贫穷的家庭,他一路奋斗到顶峰,成为美国第任总统,也是美国历史上最伟大的人物之一第一空涉及的短语搭16born配,出生于”,“出生于(时间)”,出身于(家庭),born bornon borninto”born“与生俱来”,根据句意,第一空应填介词;第二空,“形状”,“雕塑”,with intoshapes statues”知名人物、“图像”,又根据句意,空处是指林肯是美国历史上最伟大人物之一,figures images表示“人物”,应用名词表示故选项figure C
3.A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析句意政府什么时候会澄清它在女性同工同酬问题上的立场?澄A.clarify清;测试;力口强,巩固;宣布根据后文B.test C.strengthen D.announce“its positionon equalpay可知,此处指澄清在女性同工同酬问题上的立场,应用故选forwomen”clarify A
4.D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析句意作为一个公众人物,姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做性A.character格;意见;雕塑;人物根据常识可知,姚明是一个公众人物,因此B.opinion C.statue D.figure空格处是“人物工故选D
5.C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意既然你是一名中学生,你应该学会独立于父母的帮助精力充沛的;明显的;独立的;宗教的根据句A.energetic B.obvious C.independent D.religious子意思可知,这里需要“独立的”意思,表示中学生应具备的特征叩表示“不be indendent of依靠”的意思故选C
6.Statue##tatue【解析】【详解】考查名词句意多年来,数百万人参观了纽约港的自由女神像根据单词首字母以及句意“自由女神像”可知,空格处应用意为“雕像”,意为“自由女神像”,为“Statue”,Statue ofLiberty”专有名词,故首字母大写故填Statue”Statue
7.strengthen##trengthen【解析】【详解】考查动词句意这些体育锻炼旨在增强你的体质根据单词首字母和句意“使强健;增强(体质)”及前文可知,此处应用动词原形构成不定式短语作目的状语故填t strengthenstrengthen
8.strengthen##trengthen【解析】【详解】考查动词句意锻炼不仅可以增强你的身体,也可以释放你的压力根据句意“增强”和首字母提示可知,此处是动词情态动词后面需加动词原形故填“s”strengthen,can strengthen
9.ostrengthen【解析】【详解】考查动词原形句意跑步是一种很好的方法来加强我们的肌肉,使我们更快乐和更健康根据汉语提示可知,(强化,加强),动词,符合题意;(做某事的方法),strengthen wayto dosth.此处动词不定式作后置定语故填strengthen
10.strengthen【解析】【详解】考查动词句意我相信这次活动一定会加强我们的友谊根据汉语提示可知,加强,strengthen动词作谓语,符合题意;后需接动词原形故填will strengthen
11.with theirscarves flyingare about to fly down【解析】【详解】考查复合结构和固定短语分析句子结构可知,设空第一句为状语,应使用宾语+With with+现在分词形式(围巾’与“飞扬”之间是主动关系)结合句意,“他们的”应用形容词性物主代词;“围巾应用名词此处应为复数形式,为;“飞扬应用动词;their scarf,scarves fly故第一句应填;设空第二句为谓语,结合句意,“将要”应用动词短语with theirscarves flying时态为一般现在时,因主语为应使用复数形式;“飞下来”应用动词短语be aboutto,they,fly故第二句应填故填down are aboutto flydown
①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨with theirscarves flyingareabouttoflydown
①;
②;
③;
④;full a life asrich andfullalifeasrichandfull
⑤;
⑥;
⑦alifeas
13.To be chosen torepresent【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词表示“被选中”应用被动结构;表示“代表”应用动词be chosenrepresent分析句子结构可知,这里需要主语成分,表示一次性的动作用动词不等式,为chose sb.to dosth.固定用法,叩和构成动词不定式故填r resentto Tobechosento represento
14.how toconvey his ideas to【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配和疑问词加不定式的用法表示“如何向他的学生表达他的观点”可用“疑问词+不定式”结构,作(知道)的宾语,表示“如何”应用疑问词;表示“向某人表达……”knows how应用表示“他的观点”可用所以“向……表达他的观点”可用convey sth.to sb.,hisideas,to故第一空填第二空填第三空填第四空填第五空填convey hisideas to,how,to,convey,his,ideas,第六空填t
15.why was that【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句、表语从句和时态分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,先行词为在the reason,从句中作原因状语,因而用关系副词引导;主句为系表结构,第二空缺少系动词及表语从why句的连接词,表语从句句意完整,不缺成分,因而用引导,根据从句时态可知,主句为一that般过去时,主语为因而系动词用故填
①②the reason,was whywasthat【点睛】
16.in【解析】【详解】考查介词句意考虑到这一点,摩尔问她的父亲,她是否可以开办自己的糖果公司根据句意,可知此处考查短语此处是复合结构介词短语作宾补故填with sth,in mind,with inmindino
17..strengthened【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词的时态句意《远大前程》的出版受到广泛评论和高度赞扬,它巩固了狄更斯作为杰出小说家的地位根据句子结构可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,另结合引导的非which限制性定语从句的谓语动词是一般过去时,所以此处也应该用一般过“was reviewedand praised”去时,表示两个动作都发生在过去故填strengthened
18.boasted【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词及时态句意18世纪60年代,马图林・罗兹开了一系列商店,售卖一种名为清汤的特殊肉汤空格处是定语从句的谓语,根据可知本句陈述过去的事实,要用In the1760s一般过去时故填boasted
19.D
20.C
21.A
22.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文研究发现,人类的甲烷排放量占甲烷排放总量的至减少主要来自25%40%,天然气和石油生产运输的甲烷,可能带来巨大的好处
19.细节理解题根据第二段中的“…but it9salsoabyproductofoiland gasproduction.Ifs thislast form(但它也是石油和天然气生产的副产品这项研究关注的是ofmethanethat thestudy focusedon甲烷的最后一种形式)“可知,本文重点关注是石油和天然气产生的甲烷,属于化石燃料因此,本文研究的重点甲烷是项(化石燃料)”符合题意,故选项D Fossil fuels.D
20.细节理解题根据第三段中的(化石)“Until1870,around thetime whenwe startedusing fossilfuels,(到年我们开始使用化石作为燃料,几乎所有的almost allmethane camefrom thesesources1870甲烷都来自这些来)“可知,化石燃料的使用从开始的,至今大约一个半世纪因此,1870我们能从这篇课文中了解到的是项(化石C“Fossilfuelshave beenused abouta centuryand ahalf.燃料已经使用了大约一个半世纪)”符合题意,故选项C推理判断题根据第四段中的So effortsto cutmethane,which mostlycomesfromthe productionand(因此,削减主要来自天然气和石transportation ofgas andoil,could bringgreat benefitright away油生产和运输的甲烷的努力可能马上带来巨大的好处户可知,作者认为,削减主要来自天然气和石油生产和运输的甲烷的努力可能马上带来巨大的好处,对甲烷的控制是持乐观态度的因此,作者对甲烷控制持态度是项“.(乐观的厂符合题意,故选项A OptimisticA主旨大意题通读文章,尤其是第一段“Humans areresponsiblefor25%to40%more ofthe total(人类的甲share ofmethane emissionsthanpreviouslyestimated,according toa newstudy inNature烷排放量占甲烷排放总量的至根据《自然》杂志的一项新研究,这比之前估计的要25%40%,多广可知,本文主要讲述一项新的研究表明,人类活动,尤其是使用化石燃料所产生的甲烷比原来估计的要多许多因此,本文的最佳标题是项B“Humans ProduceMore Methanethan We(人类产生的甲烷比我们想象的要多户符合题意,故选项Thought B。
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