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whether or not agiven systemis vulnerable to beingblocked from（入working altogether.With wiredsetups,the fearis that a burglar室盗贼）might be able toshut your system downsimply bycuttingthe rightcable.With a wireless setup,you stickbattery-poweredsensors uparound your home thatkeep aneye onwindows,doors,motion,and more.If theydetect somethingwrong whilethesystem isarmed,they IItransmit awireless alert signal toa basestationthat willthen raisethe alarm.That approachwill eliminate一most cord-cutting concernsbut whatabout theirwirelessequivalent,jamming Withthe rightdevice tunedto the rightfrequency,what sto stopa thieffrom jamming your setupandblocking that alertsignalfrom everreaching thebase station[D]Jamming concernsare nothingnew,and they re notuniqueto security systems.Any devicethat sbuilt toreceive awirelesssignal ata specificfrequency canbe overwhelmedby astrongersignal comingin on the samefrequency.For comparison,let ssay7you wantedto jama conversationbetween twopeople—all you7d need to dois yellin thelistener sear.[E]Security devicesare requiredto listthe frequenciestheybroadcast on—that meansthat apotential thiefcan findwhat theyneed to knowwith minimalGoogling.They will,however,need soknowwhat systemtheyrelooking for.If youhave asign inyouryard declaringwhat setupyou use,that dpoint themin therightdirection,though atthat point,we retalking abouta highlytargeted,semi-sophisticated attack,and notthe sortforced-entryattack that makes up the majority of burglaries.It seasier tofindand acquirejamming equipmentfor somefrequencies thanit isforothers.[F]Wireless securityproviders willoften takesteps tohelpcombat thethreat ofjamming attacks.SimpliSafe,winner ofourEditor sChoice distinction,utilizes aspecial systemthat scapableof separatingincidental RF interference from targeted jammingzattacks.When the system thinksit sbeing jammed,it IInotify you（推送警报）via pushalert.From there,it sup toyou tosound thealarmmanually.[G]SimpliSafe wassingled outin onerecent articleon jamming,complete with a videoshowing theentire systembeing effectivelybypassedwith handheldjamming equipment.After takingappropriatemeasures tocontain theRF interferenceto ourtest lab,we testedthe attackout forourselves,and wereable toverify thatzit s possiblewith theright equipmentHowever,we alsoverified7that SimpliSafe s anti-jamming systemworks.It caughtus in the act,sent analert tomy smartphone,and alsolisted ourRFinterference7on the system sevent log.The teambehind thearticle andvideo inquestionmake nomention of thesystem,or whetherornotindetected them.[H]We likethe uniquenature ofthat software.It meansthat athieflikely wouldnt beabletoGoogle howthesystemworks,thenfigure outa wayaround it.Even ifthey could,SimpliSafe claimsthatits systemis alwaysevolving,and thatit variesslightly fromsystem7to system,which meansthere wouldnt bea universalmagicformula forcracking it.Other systemsalso seemconfident onthesubject ofjamming.The teamat Frontpointaddresses theissue in ablog onits site,citing theirown jamprotection softwareandclaiming thatthere arent anydocumented casesof successfuljamattack sincethe companybegan offeringwireless securitysensors inthe1980s.[I]Jamming attacksare absolutelypossible.As saidbefore,withthe rightequipment andtherightknow-how,itspossible tojamany wirelesstransmission.But howprobable isit thatsomeone willsuccessfullyjam theirway intoyour homeand stealyour stuff[J]Let simagine thatyou livein asmall homewith awirelesssecurity setupthat offersa functionalanti-jamming system.First,athief isgoing to needtotarget yourhome,specifically.Then,he sgoingtoneedto knowthe technicaldetails ofyoursystemandacquire thespecific equipmentnecessary forjamming yourspecificsetup.Presumably,you keepyour doorslocked at night andwhileyou reaway.So thethief willstill needto breakin.That meanszdefeatingthe locksomehow,or breakinga window.He IIneed tobejammingyouat thispoint,as abroken windowor openeddoorwould normallyrelease the alarm.So,too,would themotiondetectors inyourhome,so thethief willneedtocontinue jamming7once hes insideand searchingfor thingsto steal.However,he IIneedto doso withouttripping theantijamming system,the detailsofwhich healmost certainlydoes nowhave accessto.[K]At theend of the day,these kindsof systemsare primarilydesignedto protectagainst thesort ofopportunistic smash-and-grab attackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries.They realsoonly asingle layerin whatshould ideallybeamany-sided approachtosecuring yourhome,one thatincludes commonsense thingslikesound locksand properexterior lightingatnight.No systemisimpenetrable,and nonecan promiseto eliminatethe worstcasecompletely.Every oneof themhas vulnerabilitiesthat aknowledgeablethief couldtheoretically exploit.A goodsystem isonethat keepsthat worst-case settingas improbableas possiblewhilealso offeringstrong protectionintheevent ofaless-extraordinary attack.
36.It ispossible forburglars tomake jamming attacks withthenecessary equipment and skill.
37.Interfering with awireless security systemis similartointerfering with a conversation.
38.A burglarhas tocontinuously jamthe wireless securitydevice toavoid triggering thealarm,both insideand outsidethehouse.
39.SimpliSafe providesdevices thatare ableto distinguishincidentalradio interferencefromtargetedjamming attacks.
40.Only avery small proportion ofburglaries arecommitted bytechnicalmeans.
41.It isdifficult tocrack SimpliSafeas itssystem keepschanging.
42.Wireless deviceswill transmit signals soas toactivate thealarmonce somethingwrong isdetected.
43.Different measuresshould betaken toprotect ones homefromburglary in addition tothe wirelesssecuritysystem.
44.SimpliSafesdevice cansend awarning tothe house7owner scellphone.
45.Burglars caneasily geta securitydevice sfrequency byInternetsearch.【段落匹配答案】Section B
36.[I]
37.[D]
38.[J]
39.[F]
40.[B]
41.[H]
42.[C]
43.[K]
44.[G]
45.[E]【解析】又寸应关键词和在
36.[I]jammingattacks,equipmentandskill I段落中同时出现了两个关键词对应关键词和在原
37.[D]wirelesssecuritysystem,conversation文中有复现.选项中禾口
38.[J]wirelesssecuritysystem,triggeringthealarm可以在选项中找到对应.J大写名词很好定位,在加上复现的
39.[F]SimpliSafe,distinguish,可以锁定radio interferenceF.根据可以确定唯一的.选项
40.[B]smallproportionB对应关键词
41.[H]keeps changing对应关键词和
42.[C]transmitsignals,activate.根据选项只在段落中出现了
43.[K]different measuresK选项是最关键的定位词，可以在选项中找到复
44.[G]cellphones G现选项对应了段落的
45.[E]frequent frequencyo（卷二）Part DIReading SectionBThe Secretto RaisingSmart Kids
37.The authorsexperiment showsthat students with a fixedmind-set believehaving towork hardis anindication oflow ability.【答案】[F]As predicted,the students witha growth mindsetfelt that learning was more important goal than getting goodgrades.In addition,they heldhard workin highregard,Theyunderstood thateven geniuseshave towork hard.Confronted byasetback suchas adisappointing testgrade,students witha growthmind-set saidthey wouldstudy harderor trya differentstrategy.The students who helda fixedmind-set,however,were concernedaboutlooking smartwith lessregard forlearning.They hadnegativeviews of effort,believing thathaving towork hardwas asign oflowability.They thoughtthataperson withtalent orintelligence did notneed towork hardto dowell.Attributing abad gradeto theirownlack ofability,those witha fixedmind-set saidthat wouldstudy lessinthe future,try neverto takethat subjectagain andconsidercheating onfuture tests.
38.Focusing oneffort iseffective inhelping childrenovercomefrustration andachieve success.【答案】[C]In particular,attributing poorperformance toa lackofability depressesmotivation morethan doesthe beliefthat lackofeffort isto blame.When Itold agroup ofschool children whodisplayed helplessbehavior thata lackofeffortled to their mistakesinmath,they learnedto keeptrying whenthe problemsgot tough.Another groupof helplesschildrenwhowere simplyrewarded fortheirsuccess oneasier problemsdidnotimprove theirability tosolveharm math problems.These experimentsindicated thatafocus oneffort canhelp resolvehelplessness andgenerate success.
39.We cancultivate a growth mind-set inchildren by tellingsuccess storiesthat emphasizehard worklove oflearning.【答案】[I]How dowe transmita growth mind-set toourchildren Oneway isbytellingstories aboutachievements thatresultfrom hard work.For instance,talking aboutmathematicalgeniusesWho weremore orless bornthat wayputs studentsina fixedmind-set,but mathematicianswho fellin lovewith mathanddeveloped amazingskills producea growth mind-set.^.Students beliefabout thecause oftheir failureexplains theirattitudetoward setbacks.【答案】[F]As predicted,the studentswithagrowthmind-setfeltthatlearningwasmoreimportantgoalthangettinggoodgrades.In addition,they heldhardworkin highregard,Theyunderstood thateven geniuseshave towork hard.Confronted byasetback suchas adisappointing testgrade,studentswitha growthmind-set saidthey wouldstudy harderor trya differentstrategy.The studentswho heldafixedmind-set,however,were concernedaboutlooking smartwith lessregard forlearning.They hadnegativeviews ofeffort,believing thathaving towork hardwas asign oflowability.They thoughtthataperson withtalent orintelligence didnotneed towork hardto dowell.Attributing abad gradetotheirownlack ofability,those withafixedmind-set saidthat wouldstudy lessinthe future,try neverto takethat subjectagain andconsidercheating onfuture tests.
141.1ntheauthor sexperiment,student withagrowthmindsetshowed greaterperseverance insolving difficultmathproblems.【答案】[G]Such differentoutlook hada dramaticimpact onperformance.At thestart ofjunior high,the mathachievement testscoresofthe studentswithagrowthmind-set werecomparable tothethose ofstudentswhodisplayed afixed mindset.But asthework becamemore difficult,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setshowed greaterpersistence.As aresult,their mathgrades overtookthoseoftheother studentsby theend ofthe firstsemester-and thegapbetween thetwo groupscontinued towiden duringthe twoyearswe followedthem.
42.The authorconducted anexperiment tofind outabout the7influence ofstudents mind-sets onmath learning.【答案】[E]We validatedthese expectationsinastudy in。
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