2025届北京市东城区高三下学期一模英语（原卷版）

北京市东城区学年度第二学期高三综合练习

（一）2024-2025英语试卷本试卷共11页，共100分考试时长90分钟考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Rebecca remembersthe firsttime she was upsetby thesight ofhundreds ofroses.It was after awedding receptionlastyear asshewascleaning upthe room.“Nobody had]for whatto do with all of the flowers afterthe wedding.We collectedas manyas wecould inour cars,but therewere somany leftover.When wewere throwingall theseroses intotrash bags,I felt2about thewaste,“said Rebecca.（悼念）Late lastyear,Rebecca andher friendLaura Ruthboth weremourning theirfathers whenthey began、talking abouttheflowersthat theyreceived.The flowerswere a3but madethem thinkabout thenationwideproblem offloral waste.Then,they starteda nonprofit,Friendly CityFlorals,to reuseflowers4from weddings and floralshops in the area.Weve putthe5out everywherethat ifyou havetoo manyflowers anddontknow whatto dowith them,well6them offyour hands/89Rebecca said.They nowdevote severaldays aweek topicking upflowers,freshening anddelivering themto seniorcare homes,hospitals andschools in their area.The donatedflowers are7welcome at the CommunityRetirement Centre.If sa8way togive ourresidents joyand purpose.Seeing allthose flowersinstantlybrightens uptheir day,“the centresmanager said.Rebecca andLaura arenot thefirst to9flowers:A Virginiadoctor collectsflowers anddonates themto herhospitalpatients.But thepair hopethe idea10even morearound the country.“If ourflowers giveone person a fewmoments ofhappiness ona difficultday,then itsall worthwhile/98appliedB.impatientB.comfortRebecca said.C.hoped C.reminder D.curious

1.A.paid C.terrible C.separatedD.wonder

2.A.confusedD.plannedD.donated

3.A.symbol

4.A.purchased B.borrowedNegative events,on the other hand,are processedby theamygdala,which controlsour fight-or-flight response.Theamygdala usuallyconcludes thatbad thingshappen onpurpose,and itcomes tothis conclusionlightning fast.So fastthatwe donteven noticewere makingan assumption;we justknow that the personclosest to the problemmust havedone itonpurpose!This leads to thesecond problemwith blame-we dontnotice howoften we do it.This canbe damaging.Our brainsinterpretblame the same waythey inteipreta physicalattack.When weare blamed,our prefrontalcortices effectively shutdown anddirect allour energyto defendingourselves,which impactsour abilityto solvethe problemfor whichwe arebeingblamed.Now thatwe betterunderstand thepsychology behindblame,what canwedoto promotea blame-free culture

40.What mightbe theresult whenyou blame others for a teamfailure

41.What areParagraphs3and4mainly about

42.Please decidewhich partis falsein the following statement,then underlineit andexplain why.When weare blamed,our prefrontalcortices willeffectivelyshutdown anddirect ourefforts toreviewing theproblem.

43.What canyou doto helpbuild ablame-free culturein dailylife In about40words第二节20分假设你是红星中学高三学生李华你的外国好友打算参加“我眼中的孔子全球

44.Jim Confucius in MyEyes”原创作品征集活动，来信询问你的建议请用英语给他回复一封电子邮件，内容包括提出建议；

1.说明理由

2.注意.词数左右；1100开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数

2.Dear Jim,YoursLi Hua

5.A.word B.signal C.effort D.task

6.A.set B.take C.hold D.keep

7.A.still B.already C.always D.even

8.A.funny B.creative C.traditional D.formal

9.A.exhibit B.preserve C.harvest D.repurpose

10.A.catches onB.comes upC.runs offD.stands out第二节语法填空共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空请在答题卡指定区域作答A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空After aweekend trip,my friendand IU drivehome whena bluecar suddenlypulled upbeside usat astoplight.Awoman andher littledaughter excitedlytold usshoes hadflown12our car!We realizedour otherfriend musthave leftthemon theroof.We thankedthem andwent backto search,13we couldntfind theshoes untilthe samecar reappeared!These kindstrangers hadcircled back,14spot shoesand evenpicking themup forus.Their unexpectedeffort tohelp usoutmade ourday.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空Researchers havediscovered thatdogs canidentify the voices ofdifferent membersof theirhuman family.Theresearch teamtested31pet dogs.Three humancaretakers of each dog15ask torecord theirvoices.Then theysat quietlyinfront of the dogwhile therecording played.The dogsusually approached—or atleast spentmore timelooking at—theperson16voice theyheard.Experts hopeto studywhether othermammals havethis skill,so theycan betterunderstand17different specieslearn tocommunicate witheach other.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词恰当形式填空AI andlearning havea powerfuland collaborativerelationship.AI actsasasmart tool,personalizing lessons18match eachstudents paceand needs,which makeslearning moreeffective.It alsosupports teachersbyautomating taskslike grading,allowing themto focusmore oninstruction andstudent interaction.一However,it isimportant to use AIresponsibly itshould complement,not replace,the roleof teachersand students.Ensuring19fair,privacy,and ethicaluse isessential.When20use wisely,AI cantransform educationfor thebetter.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该A（天体的）The appstore isflooded withastronomy-based appsthat can help guideyou towardscelestial wonders.But whatif youreready tolook deeperinto the night skyusing atelescope Nobodywants tomake abig investment,andthen aimlesslyscan thestars tryingto findan object.Help isneeded.Thankfully,there isa solutionto that.Celestar isa leaderin theworld oftelescopes and its StarSmart Explorer appand dockhave beendesigned torun onitstelescopes.The freeStarSmart Explorer app usesinformation basedon preciselocation andtime totell youwhich starsandplanets canbe seenin the night sky.How itworksConnect thephone withthe telescopeand selectyour intendedcelestial target.The phone will beheld overanintegrated mirror,so thatstar patternscan reflectoff themirror andinto thephones camera.StarSmart Explorerprocessesthe information and yourtelescope willadjust accordingly,placing thetarget in the middle.As wellas locatingyour desiredtarget,StarSmart Explorerholds detailedinformation aboutyour chosenobject.Listen toan audiopresentation whileyou observe.The appwill evengive youobserving tipson howto getthe bestview.Why ifsspecialMost astronomyapps usea smartphonescompass toestimate itsposition.The pointing accuracy of a smartphonehasmargin forerror.Precision matterswhen itcomes tostargazing.StarSmart Exploreris theonly astronomyapp touse modernplate solvingtechnology tofind itstarget,anditclaimsa typicalpointingaccuracyof

0.25°.The apptakes apicture of thenightsky andmatches thestar patternwithin theimageto itsinternal database.Ifs similar,in essence,to facialrecognition.Plate solvingwould normallyrequire specialisedtechnology,such assensitive imagingcamera,lens andastronomicalsoftware,all atgreat cost.The StarSmart Explorerappis freeand workswell withStarSmart Explorertelescopes,starting from£

299.

99.If youreready to take a deeper diveinto astronomy,Celestar^StarSmart Explorertechnology willmake afinecompanion.You candiscover moreat www.celestar.com/starsmart.

21.StarSmartExplorercanhelp.A.decide observationduration B.locate starspreciselyC.record informationon starsD.find unknownplanets

22.StarSmartExploreris uniquebecauseA.it matchesdifferent typesof telescopesB.it usesa smartphonesbuilt-in compassC.it ispowered byadvanced technologyD.it isequipped withthe latestdatabase

23.What isthe purposeof thispassageA.To introducea setof equipment.B.To promotea stargazingproduct.C.To recommenda scienceproject.D.To presentan astronomicaldiscovery.BI wasin a tiny planewith skydiversin their70sand80s,and I was distracted.（仪式）；The reporterin mewas tryingto remembereverything:the preflightrituals thejokes;the waythe jumperscheckedtheir instruments.The restof mewas focusedon thefact thatin afew minutes,I wouldjump out of aplane flying12,500feet abovethe ground.I wasreporting onWest Ways,a groupof skydiversin theirlate50stoearly90s.The groupwas startedin1987byMs.West andher husband,and membershave jumpedtogether aboutonce amonth eversince.This Sunday,they werecelebratingtheir holidayparty,which includeda giftexchange anda28-point formationin free fall.As wereached altitude,Mr.West wentover thejump formationonce morebefore leadingthe groupin acheer formyjump.It wastime.One byone theyjumped.In theair,they grabbedhold ofone another,forming theshape ofa snowflake.Then itwas myturn.Mr.Diaz edgedme forward.I tookadeepbreath.And on thecountof three,we leapedinto freefall.I had never beenso awareof mysenses:I feltthe coldair againstmy faceand thewind pushingback myarms andlegs.After afew seconds,Iwasable tolook around.After afew minutes,we landed.The membersof WestWays cheeredandclapped meon theback asI triedto catchmy breath.（）Over thenext sixhours,I interviewedthem asthey didtwo morejumps.I stayedfirmly onthe ground.I heardtales（跳伞）about firstkisses infreefalland parachutinginto weddings.What struckme wasntthe extraordinaryphysicalaccomplishment,but howa long-standing,active communityoffers away forthose init toage gracefully.I dontknow whetherIll skydiveagain.But Ihope thatwhen Im80,1can regularlyexperience asuspension oftimewith peopleIve knownfbr decades,before weparachute backdown toearth.

24.What dowe knowabout West WaysA.They makejumping aroutine.B.They arewell trainedprofessionals.C.They setan agelimit tonew members.D.They arefamous for their divingpatterns.

25.Why didthe authorjoin WestWays thatdayA.To celebratea holiday.B.To trya sport.C.To carefor theelderly.D.To covera story.

26.What impressedthe authormost aboutWestWaysA.Their optimisticattitude.B.Their lifelongbond.C.Their physicalachievements.D.Their remarkableskills.CAnyone withinsomnia knowsthe impatienceand frustrationthat accompaniessleeplessness.You longforabuttonthat couldinstantly dampenall thatmental activity.The ideaofamental switchis notfar-fetched.Most neuroscientists一小束神经元now agreethat ourwakefulness iscoordinated byatinybundle ofneuronsknown asthe“locuscoeruleus^^LC,Latin fbrblue dot”.It isa literaldescription:the neuronsin the locus coeruleus have the blue colourfrom theproduction ofa particularneurotransmitter,called norepinephrine.Norepinephrine raisesthe chancethat aneuron will“fire”with anelectric current.When theybecome active,cells inthelocus coeruleus passbundles ofthis neurotransmitteralong theirprojections tootherregions ofthe brain-enhancing thecommunication between the neuronsin thatarea.There areslight differencesintheprocess.Depending onthe typesof receptorsthey have,some neuronsare moresensitive to smalleramounts ofnorepinephrine,while othersonly respondto higherthresholds.This meansthat,as thelocuscoeruleus activityrises,it willstart toaffect somebrain areasmore thanothers,which canhave dramaticeffects onthingslike ourfocus,concentration andcreativity.Given theblue dotsrole,it makessense thatit wouldbe quietestat nightduring sleep.It is not entirelysilent,however,but firesoccasionally-and recentresearch byAnita LiithiattheUniversity ofLausanne suggeststhat thisactivitymay determinethe qualityof oursleeps.Across thenight,we alternatebetween differentsleep stages.There is“rapid eyemovement”REM sleep,which isassociated with vividdreaming andis thoughtto becrucial forprocessing andconsolidating memories.Much ofour rest,however,is spentin non-REM NREM sleep,during whichthe brainmay engagein adeep clean,clearing awaycellular waste.Measuring brain activity indozing mice,Anita foundNREM sleep was associatedwith temporarybursts oflocuscoeruleus activityevery50seconds.As aresult,the animalwas moresensitivetooutside stimuli,like noises-without fully（警觉）waking.Its generatingthis stateof enhancedvigilance JAnita says.It reallygives youthis ideathat wakefulnesscanbe gradedinthe brain.”The beginningof REMsleepwasalmost alwaysassociatedwithlow locuscoeruleus activity.That transitiontoREM sleephas tobe verywell controlledJ saysAnita,because inREMsleep,we haveatonia.Thats thetemporary（麻痹）paralysis ofour body,which preventsus fromphysically actingout ourdreams.Anita emphasisesthat herexperiments wereconducted inmice,so westill needto confirmthattheblue dotplays asimilarrole inhuman sleep.If so,she suspectsthat alteredlocuscoeruleusactivity couldbe implicatedin conditions—such asanxiety—that maycontribute todisordered sleep.She found that exposingher laboratorymice tomild sourcesofstress—such asknocking ontheir cage—raised theblue dotsactivity andincreased theirvigilance throughoutthenight,resulting infragmented sleep.

27.What doesthe underlinedword“they”in Paragraph2refer toA.Neurons.B.Electric currents.C.Projections.D.Neurotransmitters.

28.According tothe passage,what isthe roleofthe LCA.Producing receptors.B.Preserving cellsensitivity.C.Monitoring brainactivity.D.Improving neuralconnectivity.

29.Which ofthefollowingmay AnitaLiithi agreewithA.The bluedot firesregularly atnight.B.Stress hasan impactontheLC activity.C.Low LCactivity canhelp cleancellular waste.D.Atonia resultsfrom suddenbursts ofbrain activity.

30.What mightbe thenext stepoftheresearchA.Grading thewakefulness ofhuman brains.B.Unlocking themechanism ofsleep disorder.C.Assessing thefunction ofthebluedot onhumans.D.Identifying approachesto alteringtheLCactivity.Years aftermy arthistory classI aminsufferable atmuseums.Thats definitelya MatisseJ Isay.You cantellbecause ofthe brushworkand theuse ofcolour.Sometimes it isnota Matissebut oftentimesit is.It isunsettling tolearn,then,that forallofmy carefullywon artappreciation,I amin dangerof beingsurpassed byaninsect.Inarecent study,honeybees-whose brainsare thesize ofgrass seeds-were shownPicassos andMonets pairedsideby side.Below theprints weretwo smallcontainers,one containingsugar waterand the other nothingat all.Which toenter Beescouldnt seeor smellwhether agiven containerheld thetreat untiltheyd alreadyflown insideit.But theycould letthe masterpiecesguide them:for somebees,the rewardwas alwaysunder thePicasso,while for the restitwas underthe Monet.Over thecourse ofmany trials,the beeslearned tofly straightfor thecorrect container.Indeed,they evenperfbmied slightlybetter thanchance whenfaced withpairs ofpaintings they9dneverseen before.The beeshadlearned todiscriminate,however modestly,betweenthetwo artistsstyles.To besure,humans still have theedge.Last yeara teamof researchersled byLiane Gaborafound thatart studentswereperfectly capableof identifyingwhich well-known artistwas behindwhich unknownpainting.Creative writingstudentswere similarlyexcellent atspotting little-read passagesby Hemingwayor Dickens——a skillI canonly assumenohoneybee hasyet demonstrated.Even moreimpressively,though,the studentscould recognizeas-yet-unseen samplesofeachothers work,includingwork inentirely differentmediums.Creative writerscould identifytheir fellowwriters paintingsand sketches;paintershad apretty goodidea whodbrought whichpoem orclay pot.Its clearwhat thebees were doing:picking upand categorizingcomplex visualpatterns inthe pairsof images.Butrecognizing differencesacross mediumsis altogetherdifferent.Whether werewriting poemsor buildingsculptures,Gabora argues,weredoingso withthe samemind:one thatstructures informationinthesame way,has beenshaped by thesame experiences,and longsto expressthesameideas.Naturally,our techniques and preoccupationsin onedomain shouldoutusinanother.But stillI wonder:Just whatabout thesetechniquesandpreoccupations didthe trickThe researchersdid theirbest tokeepsubject matterfrom rulingthe dayby instructing,for instance,artists whohappened tobe surfersnot tobring inart（描绘）that depictedsurfing.But what of lessobvious subjectmatter—like Westernlandscapes Andwhatoftheobsessions thatcome intoour workunawares Acorrelational studylike thisonewillnot answerthese questions.Perhaps mybiggest questionhas todowithpeople whodont identifyas artists,and haventsettled—or atleastwould claimso-onapersonal style.Are theircreations also a reflectionof theirworldview It seems likelythat,atleast tosome extent,bad artis allalike,while onlygood artis goodin itsown way.

31.Why doesthe authormention beesA.To presentan example.B.To putforward atheory.C.To drawout acomparison.D.To highlighta researchfinding.

32.Why doesthe authorthink humansstillhavethe edgeA.Because wecan transferour experiences.B.Because wecan discriminatestyles.C.Because wecan categorizepatterns.D.Because wecan learnfrom trials.

33.What doesthe underlinedword“out”in Paragraph6probably meanA.Assist.B.Trick.C.Beat.D.Expose.

34.What mightbe thebest titleforthepassageA.Will BeesBeat HumansB.How WillYou Viewa ViewC.Why GoodArt WorksWondersD.What MakesHemingway Hemingway第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Voice notesare ahighly divisivemedium ofcommunication.There arethose,like me,who enjoyboth leaving andlistening tothem;and thenthere arethose whodislike themand feelvery stronglyabout that.35A pollfoundthat62%ofAmericans havesent voice notes,and about30%communicate thisway ona regularbasis.But eventhevoice note loversamongushaveour limits.All ofus knowa voicenote bore.And itis time to establishsome groundrules.The firstrule:only everleave voicenotes forsomeone thatyou are confident likesyou.36It isalso somewhat（我彳亍我素）.self-indulgent Whilea spotof self-indulgence canbe healthy,itisunreasonable toexpect someonewhodislikes youto indulgeyou.Never givecomplicated instructionsinavoicenote.37If youend upleavinga long voicenote thatcontains amixtureof keyinformationandother bits,follow itup witha textthat givestheother person theimportant stuff,so theyrenotforced tolisten straightaway.38Leaving avoicenotethat isunder10seconds long-unless youare funnyortheotherpersonlikesyou-is annoying.Type itout instead.Follow theother personscues.If theyare respondingto youreight-minute specialswith one-minute voicemessages,take thehint.Also,if yourmessage islonger thanabout fourminutes,you shouldbe opentothepossibility thatthe otherpersonis goingtotakealongtimetolisten andrespond.If yourmessage isupwards of10minutes,they mightnever listentoit.39All youneed do,really,is remembertousea bitof commonsense.Modern innovationsneed notnegate goodold-fashioned manners.A.Be atpeace withthat.B.Be responsiveand informative.C.You neednot keepyour messagestoo short.D.Itseemsthe hatersare losingthe battle,though.E.A voicenote isa demandon someoneelses time.F.It suggestslimiting voicenotes toless thantwo minutes.G.These shouldbe typedout sotheotherperson canrefer back.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第

40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题请在答题卡指定区域作答Picture this:Your teamis racingagainst timeto submita newproposal.You finallymanage toput allthe documentstogether.The proposallooks greatand you,reconfidentthat youllprobably winit.A weeklater,you getan email:4tWereally likedyour proposal,but wefound amistake init.So...Youre frustratedand angry.You callyour teamin,blamethem fornot checkingthe documentscarefully,and stormoutofthe room.Whats thepossible resultYour teamprobablythinks yourethankless andunkind.Your relationshipmay bedamaged.A studyshows thatthebrainresponds morestrongly tobad experiencesthan goodones.The authorsconcluded that,“Good canonly matchor overcome bad bystrength ofnumbers.How muchgood canovercomebadFive positiveexperiencesare aboutequal toone negativeone.We areall naturallywired toblameotherpeople orcircumstances whenthings gowrong.This ispartiallypsychological drivenby thefundamental attributionbias.We tendto believethat whatpeople doreflects whotheyare,rather thanconsidering theremay beother factorsinfluencing theirbehaviour.There isalsoabiological explanation.Recent researchshows thatpositive eventsare processedbytheprefrontal（大月囱皮层），cortex whichtakes awhile andtends toconclude thatgood thingshappen byluck.。