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考研英语模拟考场（演练版）
（七）2011Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best words for eachnumbered blank.The conceptionof poverty and whatto1about it have changedover thedecades.UnderSocial Darwinismthe lazy and the2were supposedto be at thebottom of the economicladder as3of thelaw ofsurvival of the fittest.Society was4as anetwork ofself-sufficient familieswhich providedfor theirown.5persons outsidea householdorphans,the6elderly,and thecrippledwere providedoutdoor reliefgrudgingly andas atemporary权宜之计.expedient Althoughit was7that thepoor willalways bewith us,the individualwasexpected toimprove himself8acts ofhis ownwill.Charity wasthought to be the9ofidleness.By keepingwages low,laborers wouldbe10to workharder.At about the turnof thecentury,the beginning of concernabout natural11broughtuneasiness aboutthe possiblespread ofbeggary.There was a potentiallydangerous class in12of diseaseand disorder.The poorwere13as differentfrom paupersPaupers wereindividualswell14to beingon thelow end of thesocioeconomic15Without shameorbitterness,they wouldnot seekindependence anda16life.For themountaineers,thesubsistence dwellers,and someslum dwellers,the lackof wealth,17has beenargued,reflects apreference notto pay the psychologicalcosts of the strugglefor fichesor ofadoptingthe middleclass workethic ofstriving.In18,the worthypoor struggledto19their lot against circumstances beyond their control:low wages,sickness,industrial20,孀居widowhood andso on.分]
1.[
0.5答案A:find:B:d:o C:work:D:deal:B:d:o分]
2.[
0.5A:inefficien:tB:in:valid:C:ineffec:ti:ve:D:inacce:ssible:答案:A:inefficien:trn:f:or wri:te:rs on:j:ournali:sm:B:c:once:pts and:c:on:te:xtual:im:plica:ti:on:s a:re:of:sec:onda:ry im:portance:to j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:wing:C:im:portance:sh:ould:be:a:ttached:to the:systema:tic:stud:y of:j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:wing:D:pe:rsonal:e:xpe:rience:s and:gene:ral:im:pre:ssi:on:s sh:ould:be:e:xcl:uded:f:rom:j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:ws答案C:im:portance:sh:ould:be:a:ttached:to the:systema:tic:stud:y of:j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:wing:［分］
32.Much researchhas beendone oninterviews ingeneral.2A:b:ut j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:wing:a:s specific:field:ha:s unf:ortuna:tel:y been:neglec:ted:B:th:ough:the:stud:y of:the:in:te:rvie:wing:techni:que:s ha:sn:t recei:ved:m:uch:a:tten:ti:on:C:so the:training:of:j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:we:rs ha:s like:wi:se:been:streng:thened:D:and:the:re:ha:s al:so been:a:d:rama:tic:g:rowth:in:the:stud:y of:j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:wing:答案A:b:ut j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:wing:a:s specific:field:ha:s unf:ortuna:tel:ybeen:neglec:ted:
33.Westerners arefamiliar with the journalisticinterview,.［2分］A:b:ut m:ost of:them:wi:sh:to sta:y a:wa:y f:rom:i:tB:and:man:y of:them:h:ope:to be:in:te:rvie:wed:some:da:yC:b:ut m:ost of:them:ma:y n:ot ha:ve:been:in:te:rvie:wed:in:pe:rson:D:and:man:y of:them:would:like:to ac:qui:re:a:true:unde:rstanding:of:i:t答案C:b:ut m:ost of:them:ma:y n:ot ha:ve:been:in:te:rvie:wed:in:pe:rson:
34.Who is the intervieweein aclinical interview2分］A:The:psych:ol:ogi:st.B:The:ph:ysician:.C:b:oth:A:and:B:.D:The:pa:tien:t.答案:D:The:pa:tien:t.［分］
35.The passageis mostlikely apart of2A:a:ne:ws a:rticle:B:a:preface:C:a:re:sea:rch:re:portD:a:j:ournali:st in:te:rvie:w答案:B:a:preface:Text4Despite thefact that comets are probably the most numerous astronomical bodies in thesolarsystem asidefrom smallmeteor fragments and theasteroids,they arelargely amystery.Scientists donot knowexactly what comets areor wherethey comefrom.Educated guessesarethe bestwe havein hand.Considering therole ofcomets inlegend and the memoryof man,it isremarkable thatwe stillknowso little,relatively,about them.The mostfamous comet of all,Halleys Cometnamedfor theman whopredicted itsreturn,was firstsighted by the Chinesein240B.C.,and it hasreturned toterrify thepeople of the worldon aregular basisevery sincethen.The ancientconsideredit anobject ofill omen.By mysterious coincidence,the arrivalof HalleysCometcoincided withsuch events as thebattle ofHastings in1066,the Jewishrevolt of66A.D.,andthe lastbattle ofAttila theHun againstthe Romans.Nor isit theonly cometto fillman withawe,but merely themostfamous in a richaristocracy ofblood-freezers.Comets areeven morefascinating to amateur astronomersthan toprofessionals,because thisis one areawhere amateurscan makemajor discoveries.Comet IkeyaSeki,one of thebrightest comets to appear in thiscentury was discovered in1965by apair ofJapaneseamateurs,Ikeya andSeki.The personwho discoversa new comet gets his orher nameputon it.And amateurs have ahead start in therace todiscover new comets;the shorterfocallengths on their smallertelescopes givethem apositive advantageover thehuge telescopessuch as MountWilson whichis builtto scanfor galaxies,not comparativelyshort distances.Most scientiststend to agree with astronomer FredT.Whipple that a cometis really a largemushy snowball of frozen ices and gasesammonia,methane,possibly carbondioxide withafew bits of solidparticles stuckinside.But noone issure how comets arecreated in the firstplace.Scientist believethat cometsdont exhibittheir characteristictail whilethey lurkfat out inspace awayfrom thewarmth of the sunbut,rather,wander in the formoffrozenlumps,likeicebergs.This is the coreof the comets.Only whenthecometapproaches theheat of the sun,does theice beginto meltand streamaway in the formof visiblegases.The tails of thecometsstream outbehind for,literally,astronomical distances.Halley Comet had atail of94million mileslong whenit visitedhere in191O.The Great Comet of1843had atail of186million mileslong.
36.At thebeginningof the text,the author indicates that.[2分]A:c:ome:tsa:re:the:m:ost c:omm:onl:y seen:a:stron:omical:b:odie:s B:c:ome:ts,me:te:or f:ragmen:ts and:the:a:ste:roid:sa:re:m:yste:ri:ous C:n:ot m:uch:i:s kn:own:ab:out c:ome:tsD:n:othing:d:o we:kn:ow ab:out c:ome:ts e:xce:pt g:ue:sse:s答案:C:n:ot m:uch:i:s kn:own:ab:out c:ome:ts分]
37.Halleys cometis mentionedin Paragraph
2.[2A:to in:trod:uce:some:fam:ous hi:storical:e:ven:tsB:to e:xplain:some:tradi:ti:onal:belief:s ab:out c:ome:tsC:to dem:on:stra:te:the:ha:rm:i:tha:sd:one:to man:D:to sh:ow i:ts significance:to h:uman:hi:story答案B:to e:xplain:some:tradi:ti:onal:belief:s ab:out c:ome:ts分]
38.We learnfrom the text thatamateur astronomers.[2A:began:thei:r di:sc:ove:ry ea:rlie:r than:the:profe:ssi:onal:sB:tend:to be:the:leade:rs in:the:a:rea:of:a:stron:om:yC:ha:ve:some:ad:van:tage:sin:di:sc:ove:ring:ne:wc:ome:ts答案D:e:stabli:shed:some:the:orie:s on:h:owc:ome:ts c:ome:in:to being:C:ha:ve:some:ad:van:tage:sin:di:sc:ove:ring:ne:wc:ome:ts分]
39.The coreof acomet.[2A:ha:s n:o solid:f:orm:B:wande:rs like:a:f:rozen:I:um:p when:i:ts fa:r outin:space:C:re:qui:re:sthe:wa:rm:th:of:the:sun:to survi:ve:D:i:s al:wa:ys f:oil:owed:b:y a:I:ong:tail:答案:B:wande:rs like:a:f:rozen:I:um:p when:i:ts fa:r outin:space:分]
40.Which of the followingabout cometsis INCORRECT[2A:The:y a:re:g:rea:tin:n:umbe:r.B:Thei:ra:rri:val:s used:to f:righ:ten:h:uman:being:s.C:The:ya:re:named:af:te:r thei:r di:sc:ove:re:rs.D:The:ya:re:la:rge:m:ush:y sn:owball:s of:f:rozen:ice:s and:ga:se:s.答案D:The:ya:re:la:rge:m:ush:ysn:owball:s of:f:rozen:ice:s and:ga:se:s.Part BDirections:In the following article,some sentenceshave beenremoved.For Questions41-45,choose themostsuitable onefrom thelist A-G tofit intoeach of the numberedblanks.There aretwoextra choices,which donot fitin anyof theblanks.Today noone hasever doubtedabout televisionscharm.Since1920s Britaininvented the firsttelevision,people havebegun tolive in a worldcrowded withsoap operas,news magazinesandTV advertisements.
41.However,have weever triedto find outthemagic hereWhy didthetelevision win the competitionwith papermedia andradio insuchashort periodBy whatkindof contentiondid TVfinally controlmost of the audiencesAnd whydoes TVbecome themeansthe industrialcircles scrambleforIt isargued thattelevision maynot be a formof art,but fifteenthousand years before theprimitivepeople hadleft urusdrawings onAltamira Cavein Spain,which provedthat picturesarehuman ever-lasting pursuitmuch earlierthan letters.
42.The comingof the19th centuryforetolda mass media times and alsothe break-through inarts becauseof therapiddevelopment intechnology.First by the inventionof photographyphotos showedup beforepeople inaway moresubstantiated andfrequent thanever before;then radioenabledcommon peopleto enjoyarts byears;and finallytelevision integratedadvantages ofbothphotos andsounds into a newcreation incontinuously movingstreams.
43.But television advertisements winpeoples favornot only because it is anart,but also becauseit knowspeoples heart.From theusual mentalactivity peopleaccept athingperception,understanding,recollection,attitude andaction,we canfindouthow a TV admoves people.
44.There is only aslowly turningfist on the screenwithavoice-over:what hasit graspedAndthe fistopened,nothing inside.What itgrasps isjust yourattention.When thetargetedaudience iswilling towatch the ad,the firststep isfinished and then theyshould loveit.Howto gaintheir identificationThe adcircles havesummed upmany effectiveexperiences.Theyoften maketheir adsentertaining andhumorous,or exhibittheir goodsinasmart andartfulway,or findout acrafty andclear propositionwhich sometimesmay be:DawnDetergent-wraps thegrease which will notstain yourhands God!All detergentcould dothisalthough theaudience maynot realize..As for the links of memorizing,attitude andaction,since TVisthemost compulsive,penetrating andinfluential medium,TV adsare still the mostefficient.
45.From cppto cpm,and from the well-known TVratings to audience share,TV adsarea stagewhere everyinterest groupsand individualsrack their brains tokeep moving,andit isalso one of thebusiness areaswith fiercestcompetition.TV ads,still themain formof todaysadvertising,will never beacircle short of creationandadvance.A.First,TV adalways sparesno effortto graspaudiences attention,as shownin anad madeby thead-department ofaTVstudio topromote itself.B.Particularly,with itsunparalleled powerof productpromotion,television hasserved astheadvertisers belovedson forall theseyears.C.ln thelater centuries,although greatprogresses werealso madein sculptures,architecturesand music,drawing wasalways thesynonym forart.D.TV ads,stillthemain formof todaysadvertising,will neverbeacircle short of creationandadvance.E.Television,originated fromart,ultimately surpassedit.F.Today TVads havebecome oneof therepresentatives ofmodern businessoperation.G.Television,of thesame bloodwith movie,has alsoborrowed muchfrom thiscomparativelymature artform increating advertisements.分]
41.[2A:B:C:D:E:F:G:答案B:分]
42.[2A:B:C:D:E:F:G:答案C:分]
43.[2A:B:C:D:E:F:G:答案E:分]
44.[2A:B:C:D:E:F:G:答案A:分]
45.[2A:B:C:D:E:F:G:答案F:Part CDirections:Read thefollowing textcarefully and then translatethe underlinedsegments intoChinese.Recently,the newshas beenfilled withreports of the birdflu.
46.Asia isonaregion-widehealth alert,with governmentsslaughtering millions of chickens to containoutbreaks ofthebird fluin Thailand,Vietnam,Cambodia,South Korea,Japan andChina.Influenza-commonly calledflu-is oneoftheoldest andmost commondiseases knowntoman.It canalsobeoneofthe deadliest.
47.The greatSpanish flupandemic of1918-1919was consideredthe worstplague in history,killing upto40million peoplewith halfof theworldspopulation infectedin onlya fewmonths.
45.1nfluenza canalso infectmany differentwarm-blooded animals,such as birds.However,the fluvirus usuallydevelops differentvariants that are specializedfor eachspecies ofanimalsthat theyinfect.Cross speciesinfections arerare.A flustrain calledinfluenza AH5N1appears to have madea successfuljump frombirds tohumans.The viralstrain wasfirst isolatedfrom SouthAfrican birdsin
1961.
49.The firstknownhuman infectionoccurred ina Hong Kong toddlerin Mayof
1997.By theendof1997,therewere13confirmed casesand four deaths,all inHongKong.In anattempt tostop thespreadof thedisease,the government of HongKong orderedthe slaughterof allchickens,ducks,geese,quail anddomestic pigeons.Humans infectedwith H5N1so farare thoughtto havecaught thedisease fromfowl andnoperson-to-person transmissionshave beenreported.5O.The WHO,however,fears that thebird fluis highlyadaptable andmight leapthe species barrier.It saysanyone exposedto thediseaseshould bequarantined to avoid contactwith sufferers of regularhuman influenza.分]
46.[2参考答案.亚洲拉响了地区性的疾病预防警报泰国、越南、柬埔寨、韩国、日本和中国政府下令宰杀数百万只鸡以遏制禽流感的蔓延分]
47.[2参考合案.年至年间“西班牙流感”的大爆发被认为是历史上最大的瘟疫，在短短几个月里导19181919致了全世界一半的人口染病，多达万人死亡4000分]
48.[2参考答案流感也可以感染许多不同种类的温血动物例如鸟类但是，流感病毒通常是针对不同种类的动物逐渐产生出不同的变种病毒，跨物种传染的情况很少分]
49.[2参考合案.首例已知的人类感染病例是年月香港的一名幼儿到年底起病例得到确诊，199751997,13其中人死亡，全部发生在香港为了阻止疾病的蔓延香港政府下令杀了所有的鸡、鸭、鹅、4鹤鹑和家鸽分]
50.[2参考答案.但是，世界卫生组织担心流感病毒具有很强的适应性，可能跨过物种的障碍传播，认为任何接触过该病的人应该隔离,避免与普通流感病人接触Section IIIWritingPart A
51.Directions:For thispart,you are allowed fifteenminutes to write aninformal letterof congratulationto afriendof yoursCharles based on thefollowing notes.Do notsign yourown nameat theendof yourletter,using Anniinstead.1Congratulations onyour friendsappointment to the GeneralManger of this company.2The promotionis dueto hishard work.3You aregoing to New Yorkvery soon.You promise分]to callhim afteryou comeback.4Express yourbest wishesfor the future.[10参考合案.Dear Charles,I amvery gladto hearthat youhave beenappointed GeneralManager ofyour company.Iknow howhard youhave worked,and youcertainly deserveit.It isa greatpity wecant gettogethersoon.Im goingtoNewYork for two weeks but Illgive youa ringwhen Iget back.Meanwhile,all thebest wishesforthefuture.Yours sincerely,Anni PartB
52.Directions:For thispart youareallowedthirty minutes towritea composition onthetopic ThePopularizationof MobilePhones.You shouldwrite yourcompositiononthe chartand theoutlinegiven below.1Describe thechart;2Analyze thereasons;3Predict thetrends inthefutureandtheimpacts onindividuals and分]society,[20参考答案The dawnofthisnew centurywitnessed thepopularization of mobile phones.Purchases ofmobile phones soared.This chartdepicts thesales volumeof mobilephones domesticallyandglobally.The statisticsshow thatChina,enjoys asales volumeof
18.49million,increasing by
22.79%,compared with the correspondingperiod oflast year.In themeantime,the globalmarketboasts asales volumeof
132.8million,increasing by22%.Why is there suchadramatic accelerationinthepurchase of mobilephonesThis phenomenon,for mypart,canbe attributedto tworeasons.Firstly,the fastdevelopment oftelecommunications technologyignitesa hugeexpansion inmobile production.Secondly,the priceofmobilephones hasdroppedsubstantially over the pastdecade,which transformedthe mobilephone fromanunaffordable luxuryintoafashion accessory.A buyingspree bypeople worldwidequicklybrought cellphones intomillionsofhouseholds.As is true of any technologicalinnovation,the development ofmobilephones willexperience anexplosive growthintheforeseeablefuture.Mobile phoneswill continueto havea far-reaching impacton bothindividuals andsociety.Mobile phoneswill revolutionizethe waypeople communicate,gather information,do business,maintain tieswith familymembers andeven runthe company.The abilitytocommunicate instantlywith peoplein otherparts ofthe world,tohaveonline access toavastarray ofinformation viamobiles-all ofthese capabilitieswill openup newpossibilities whichareunimaginable inthe pastdecades.分]
3.[
0.5A:an:effec:tB:a:re:sul:tC:an:outc:ome:D:a:c:on:se:quence:答案D:a:c:on:se:quence:分]
4.[
0.5A:imagined:B:e:stima:ted:C:c:oncei:ved:D:g:ue:ssed:答案C:c:oncei:ved:分]
5.[
0.5A:Pi:tyB:N:eed:yC:Shabb:yD:G:reed:y答案:B:N:eed:y分]
6.[
0.5A:childle:ssB:childl:yC:childlike:D:childi:sh:答案:A:childle:ss分]
7.[
0.5A:ag:reed:B:c:one:urred:C:a:ssen:ted:D:c:on:sen:ted:答案:A:ag:reed:分]
8.[
0.5A:th:rough:B:b:yC:wi:th:D:on:答案A:th:rough:分]
9.[
0.5A:n:urse:B:e:vil:C:pa:tien:tD:wa:rd:答案:A:n:urse:分]
10.[
0.5A:prom:oted:B:admi:red:C:enc:ouraged:D:e:xci:ted:答案C:enc:ouraged:分]IL[
0.5A:re:source:B:source:C:origin:答案:D:re:source:s D:re:source:s分]
12.[
0.5A:re:spec:ts B:te:rm:sC:rega:rd:s答案D:vie:ws B:te:rm:s分]
13.[
0.5A:seen:B:n:oticed:C:wa:tched:答案:D:predic:ted:A:seen:分]
14.[
0.5A:admi:tted:B:adj:usted:C:a:pplied:D:ada:pted:答案B:adj:usted:分]
15.[
0.5A:mea:sure:B:scale:C:stands:rd:D:scale:s答案:B:scale:分]
16.[
0.5A:poorB:be:tte:rC:h:umble:D:mi:se:rable:答案B:be:tte:r分]
17.[
0.5A:i:tB:wha:tC:tha:tD:which:答案A:i:t分]
18.[
0.5A:anal:og:yB:c:on:tra:stC:c:om:pa:ri:son:D:c:on:tra:ry答案B:c:on:tra:st分]
19.[
0.5A:inc:rea:se:B:en:rich:C:im:prove:D:de:vel:op答案C:im:prove:分]
20.[
0.5A:acciden:tsB:inciden:tsC:e:ven:tsD:di:sa:ste:rs答案A:acciden:tsSection IIReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read thefollowing fourtexts,Answer thequestions beloweach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Text1Several yearsago,attheheight ofthe dotcomboom,it waswidely assumedthatapublishingrevolution,in whichthe printedword wouldbe supplantedbythecomputer screen,was justaroundthe corner.It wasnt:for many,there is still littleto matchthe joyof readinga printedbookand settlingdown forone hour.But recentlysome bigtechnology companies,includingGoogle,Amazon,Microsoft andYahoo,contend that the dreamof bringingbooks onlineisstill verymuch alive.The digitizingof thousandsof volumesof printis notwithout controversy.On Thursday,Google,the worlds most popular searchengine,posted afirst installmentof booksonGoogle Print.This collaborativeeffort betweenGoogle andseveral worldsleading researchlibrariesaims tomake booksavailable to be searchedand read online freeof charge.Although thebooks includedso farare notcovered by copyright,the planhas attractedtherage ofpublishers.Five largebook firmsare suingGoogle forviolating copyrighton materialthat ithas scannedand,although outof print,isstillprotected bylaw.Google hassaid that it willonly publishshortextracts frommaterial undercopyright unlessgiven expresspermission to publish more,but publishersare unconvinced.Ironically,many publishersare collaboratingwith GooglePrintPublisher,which aimsto givereaders anonline tasteof booksthat arecommerciallyavailable.The searchablecollection ofextracts andbook informationis intendedto temptreadersto buythe completebooks onlineor inprint form.Amazon,the worldslargest onlineretailer,has madeplans toenter themass e-book marketbyselling avast arrayof goods.Given thatGoogle shouldimpinge uponits centralterritory,Amazon revealedthat itwould introducetwo new services.Amazon Pageswill allowcustomersto searchfor keyterms inselected booksandthenbuy andreadonlinewhateverpart theywish.Amazon Upgradewill givecustomers onlineaccesstobooks theyhave alreadypurchasedas hardcopies.Customers arelikely tohave topay fivecents apage,with thebulkgoing to the publisher.Microsoft hasalso joinedthe online-book trend.In October,the softwaregiant saidit wouldspendaround$200million to digitize texts,starting with150,000thatareinthepublicdomain,toavoidlegal problems.It willdo soin collaborationwith theOpen ContentAlliance.And onThursday,coincidentally thesame dayas Googleand Amazonannounced theirinitiatives,Microsoft releaseddetails ofa dealwith theBritish Library,the countrysmainreference library,todigitizesome25million pages;these willbe madeavailable throughMSNBook Search,whichwillbe launchednext year.分]
21.What isthe texttalking about[2A:The:g:ood:sof:G:oogle:.B:The:diffe:rence:s be:tween:b:ook:s prin:ted:and:b:ook:s online:.C:Some:big:techn:ol:og:y c:om:panie:sb:ring:plan:son:the:e:-b:ook:s.D:The:publi:she:rs d:on:tag:ree:wi:th:the:e:-b:ook:s plan:.答案C:Some:big:techn:ol:og:yc:om:panie:sb:ring:plan:son:the:e:-b:ook:s.分]
22.Which ofthefollowingistrueof Googleaccording to the text[2A:I:t will:in:va:riabl:y provide:f:ree:online:reading:f:ori:ts c:ustome:rs.B:I:tha:s bee:ome:the:world:sm:ostpopula:rb:ook:publi:she:r.C:I:t facili:ta:te:sb:ook:s reading:and:sea:rching:toa:la:rge:r e:xten:t.答案D:I:tha:s gained:pe:rmi:ssi:on:topubli:sh:the:c:om:pie:te:b:ook:s online:.C:I:tfacili:ta:te:sb:ook:s reading:and:sea:rching:toa:la:rge:r e:xten:t.
23.What isthe controversialpoint betweenthe publishers andthetechnology companies[2分]A:The:publi:she:rs h:ope:the:y can:offe:rb:ook:sof:top quali:ty.B:The:publi:she:rs h:ope:the:y can:re:spec:tc:opyrigh:tof:original:b:ook:s.C:The:publi:she:rs h:ope:the:y can:provide:the:c:ommen:ts.D:The:publi:she:rs h:ope:the:y can:digi:ti:ze:a:s man:yb:ook:sa:s possible:.答案:B:The:publi:she:rsh:ope:the:y can:re:spec:tc:opyrigh:tof:original:b:ook:分]
24.Which ofthe plandoes NOTbelong toMicrosoft[2A:Pre:pa:re:to in:ve:st$200milli:on:on:the:e:-b:ook:s.B:C:oope:ra:te:wi:th:the:B:ri:ti:sh:L:ib:ra:ry todigi:ti:ze:some:25milli:on:page:s.C:I:n:trod:uce:some:ne:w se:rvice:stoA:ma:zon:.D:L:a:unch:the:M:SN:B:ook:Sea:rch:ne:xt yea:r.答案:C:I:n:trod:uce:some:ne:wse:rvice:stoA:ma:zon:.
25.Which isthebesttitle forthetext2分］A:A:Publi:shing:Re:vol:uti:on:B:A:ma:zon:,the:L:a:rge:st Online:Re:taile:rC:Online:B:ook:s,a:Prospe:ring:Se:rvice:D:C:om:pe:ti:ti:on:be:tween:Publi:she:rsand:N:e:tC:om:panie:s答案C:Online:B:ook:s,a:Prospe:ring:Se:rvice:Text2Roger Rosenblatts book Black Fiction,in attemptingto applyliterary rather than sociopoliticalcriteriato itssubject,successfully altersthe approachtaken bymost previousstudies.AsRosenblatt notes,criticism of Black writinghas oftenserved asa pretextfor expoundingonBlack history.Addison Gaylesrecent work,for example,judges thevalue ofBlack Fictionbyovertly politicalstandards,rating eachwork accordingtothenotions ofBlack identitywhich itpropounds.Although fictionassuredly springsfrom politicalcircumstances,its authorsreact tothosecircumstances inways other than ideological,and talkingabout novelsand storiesprimarily asinstruments of ideologycircumvents muchofthefictional enterprise.Rosenblatts literaryanalysisdiscloses affinitiesand connectionsamong worksofBlack Fiction whichsolelypolitical studieshave overlookedor ignored.Writing acceptablecriticism ofBlack Fiction,however,presupposes givingsatisfactory answerstoa numberof questions.First ofall,istherea sufficientreason,other thanthe racialidentityof the authors,to grouptogether worksby Blackauthors Second,how doesBlack Fictionmakeitself distinctfrom othermodem fictionwith whichitislargely contemporaneousRosenblattshows that Black Fictionconstitutes adistinct body of writingthat hasanidentifiable,coherent literarytradition.Looking atnovels writtenby Blackoverthelast eightyyears,he discoversrecurring concernsand designsindependent ofchronology.Thesestructures arethematic,and theyspring,not surprisingly,from thecentral factthat theBlackcharacters inthese novelsexist ina predominantlywhite culture,whether theytry toconformto thatculture orrebel againstit.Black Fictiondoes leavesome aestheticquestions open.Rosenblatts thematicanalysispermits considerableobjectivity;he evenexplicitly statesthatitis nothis intentionto judgethemerit ofthe variousworks--yet hisreluctance seemsmisplaced,especially sinceanattempt toappraise mighthave ledto interestingresults.For instance,some ofthe novelsappeartobestructurally diffuse.Is thisa defect,or aretheauthorsworking outof,or tryingtoforge adifferent kindof aestheticIn addition,the styleof someBlack novels,like JeanToomersCane,verges onexpressionism orsurrealism;does thistechnique provideacounterpoint tothe prevalenttheme thatportrays thefate againstwhich Blackheroes arepitted,a themeusually conveyedby morenaturalistic modesof expressionInspite ofsuch omissions,what Rosenblattdoes includeinhisdiscussion makesfor anastuteand worthwhilestudy.BlackFictionsurveys awide varietyof novels,bringing toour attentioninthe processsome fascinatingand little-known workslike JamesWeldonJohnsons Autobiography ofan Ex-Colored Man.Its argumentis tightlyconstructed,and itsforthright,lucid styleexemplifies levelheadedand penetratingcriticism.［分］
26.The authorofthetext isprimarily concernedwith2A:e:val:ua:ting:the:soundne:ss of:a:work:of:c:ri:tici:sm:B:c:om:pa:ring:va:ri:ousc:ri:tical:a:pproache:stoa:subjec:tC:di:sc:ussing:the:limi:ta:ti:on:sof:a:pa:rtic:ula:r kind:of:c:ri:tici:sm:D:summa:ri:zing:the:maj:or poin:ts made:in:a:work:of:c:ri:tici:sm:答案A:e:val:ua:ting:the:soundne:ss of:a:work:of:c:ri:tici:sm:
27.The authorofthetext believesthatBlackFiction wouldhave beenimproved had分］Rosenblatt2A:e:val:ua:ted:m:ore:ca:ref:ull:ythe:ide:ol:ogical:and:hi:storical:a:spec:ts of:B:lack:F:ic:ti:on:B:a:ttem:pted:tobe:m:ore:objec:ti:ve:in:hi:sa:pproach:to n:ovel:sand:storie:sb:y B:lack:a:uth:orsC:e:xpl:ored:in:g:rea:te:rde:tail:the:rec:urren:t thema:tic:c:once:rn:sof:B:lack:F:ic:ti:on:th:rough:outi:tshi:storyD:a:sse:ssed:the:rela:ti:ve:li:te:ra:ry me:ri:tof:the:n:ovel:s he:anal:yze:s thema:ticall:y答案:D:a:sse:ssed:the:rela:ti:ve:li:te:ra:ry me:ri:tof:the:n:ovel:s he:anal:yze:sthema:ticall:y［分］
28.The authorsdiscussion ofBlackFictioncan bebest describedas.2A:pedan:tic:and:c:on:ten:ti:ousB:c:ri:tical:b:ut admi:ring:C:i:ronic:and:de:preca:ting:D:a:rg:umen:ta:ti:ve:b:ut unf:oc:used:答案B:c:ri:tical:b:ut admi:ring:
29.The authorofthetext employsall ofthefollowinginthediscussion ofRosenblatts book［分］EXCEPT.2A:rhe:torical:que:sti:on:sB:specific:e:xam:pie:sC:c:om:pa:ri:son:and:c:on:tra:stD:defini:ti:on:of:te:rm:s答案D:defini:ti:on:of:te:rm:s
30.The authorofthetext refersto JamesWeldon JohnsonsAutobiographyofanEx-［分］Colored Manmost probablyin orderto.2A:poin:t outaffini:tie:s be:tween:Rosenbla:tts me:th:od:of:thema:tic:anal:ysi:sand:ea:rlie:rc:ri:tici:sm:B:cla:rif:ythe:poin:t ab:out e:xpre:ssi:oni:Stic:style:made:ea:rlie:rin:the:pa:ssage:C:qualif:ythe:a:sse:ssmen:tof:Rosenbla:ttsb:ook:made:in:the:fi:rst pa:rag:ra:ph:of:the:pa:ssage:D:gi:ve:a:specific:e:xam:pie:of:one:of:the:acc:om:pli:shmen:ts of:Rosenbla:tts work:答案D:gi:ve:a:specific:e:xam:pie:of:one:of:the:acc:om:pli:shmen:tsof:Rosenbla:tts work:Text3The importanceand focusofthe interview inthe workoftheprint andbroadcast journalistisreflected inseveral booksthat havebeen writtenonthetopic.Most ofthese books,as well asseveral chapters,mainly in,but notlimited tojournalism andbroadcasting handbooksandreporting texts,stress thehow toaspects ofjournalistic interviewingratherthantheconceptual aspects oftheinterview,its context,and implications.Much ofthe howtomaterial isbasedonpersonal experiencesand generalimpression.As weknow,in journalismasin otherfields,much canbe learnedfromthesystematic study of professionalpractice.Such studybrings togetherevidence fromwhich broadgeneralized principlescan bedeveloped.There is,as hasbeen suggested,a growingbodyofresearch literaturein journalismandbroadcasting,but verylittle significantattention hasbeen devotedtothestudyoftheinterview itself.On theother hand,many generaltexts as wellasnumerous researcharticleson interviewingin fieldsotherthanjournalism havebeen written.Many ofthese booksand（经验的）articles presentthe theoreticaland empiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellas thetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,this plentifulgeneral literatureabout interviewingpayslittle attentiontothejournalistic interview.The factthatthegeneral literatureon interviewingdoesnot dealwith thejournalistic interviewseems tobe surprisingfortworeasons.First,itseems likelythat mostpeopleinmodern Westernsocieties aremore familiar,at leastin apositivemanner,with journalistic interviewing thanwith anyother formof interviewing.Mostof usareprobablysomewhat familiarwiththeclinical interview,such asthat conductedbyphysicians andpsychologists.In thesesituations theprofessional personor interviewerisinterested ingetting informationnecessary forthe diagnosisand treatmentofthepersonseeking help.Another familiarsituation isthe jobinterview.However,very fewof ushaveactually beeninterviewed personallybythemass media,particularly bytelevision.And yet,wehave avivid acquaintancewiththejournalistic interviewby virtueof ourroles asreaders,listeners,and viewers.Even so,true understandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevision interviews,requires thoughtfulanalysis andeven study,as thisbook indicates.分]
31.The mainidea ofthefirstparagraph isthat[2A:gene:rali:zed:princi:pie:sf:or j:ournali:Stic:in:te:rvie:ws a:re:the:chief:c:once:。
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