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第讲构词法01目录
二、考点梳理29
33.考情探究，近年高考越来越注重对构词法的考查通过引导学生掌握构词法，分析词的组成，有助于学生提高词汇的分析能力，扩大词汇量此外，利用构词法还有助于记住单词的形、义和词性，避免出现拼写的错误，提高综合能力近年高考真题名词考点细目表语法填年份卷别阅读理解空经济的，实惠的；economical adj.〃力•.可持续的；Sustainable重要的，合适的,战略（性）的；strategic adj.新高考
56.Tastytasteavailable的・.可用的，可得到的；卷
64.rarelyrareI附力口的，另夕卜的additional adj.无数的;多得数不清的countless adj.年2023••••偶然；偶尔；有时候Occasionally adv.评价,评估Evaluation n.
56.arrivalarrive新高考
57.confidentconfidence Emotionaladj.感情的；情感的；情绪的卷II
63.Basically Basic九发起人；创始人Initiator全国甲
67.differentdifference backbreakingadj.非常辛劳的;费力的
69.WarningWarn卷philosopher哲学家philosophical哲学的数词十名词单行道的one-way数词+名词+形容词三岁的three-year-old数词+名词+十层的ed ten-storeyed动词+副词一次性的one-off形容词+名词高质量的high-quality形容词+名词高尚的+ed noble-minded形容词+形容词浅绿色的light-green形容词+现在分词相貌一股的ordinary-looking副词+形容词常青的ever-green副词+现在分词辛勤的hard-working副词+过去分词著名的well-known副词+名词提供快餐的fast-food介词+名词室内的indoor.合成动词3例词构成方式名词+动词梦游sleep-walk形容词+动词粉刷white-wash副词+动词压侄制服overwhelm U,.合成副词4例词构成方式形容词+名词匆忙地hotfoot形容词+副词至处everywhere lj副词+副词尽管如此however介词+名词事先beforehand介词+副词永远forever,合成代词5例词构成方式代词宾格+她自己，self herselfthemselves物主代词+我自己self myself形容词+名词一切anything语法填空词形转换常考词汇表一A能力；才能
1.ability©bi liti]n.（）能够；有能力的able[ei bo l]a不在,缺席
1.absence[asbsons]n.缺席，不在absent[aebsont]a.学术的,教学的
3.academic[aek5demi k]a./n.专科学院，（美）私立学校academy[o k^edami]n.通道，入径，存取（计算机文件）
4.access[aekses]n./v.（）可到达的，可接受的accessible[ok sesib9l|a.达到，取得
5.achieve[o tfi:v]vt.achievement[s tjivmont]n.成就，成绩，功绩法令，条例（戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏）；行动，做事
6.act[£ekt]n.v.（）行动action[akj on]n.积极的，主动的active[aekti v]a.活动activity[aek tivi ti]n..使适应,适合，改编
7.adapt[s daept]v（）适应,改编本adaptation[sdaep tel J sn]n.调整，调节，适应，习惯
8.adjust[o d3Ast]v.调整,适应adjustment[o d3A stmont]n.
9.admirable[,比dmgrob
（9）l]a.值得赞赏的，可钦佩的（）钦佩；羡慕admire[od maio r]v.（）准入，接纳admission[od mlJ on]n.承认，准许（入场，入学，入会）admit[od mlt]vt.
11.agree[o gri:]v.agreement[o grimont]n.同意，一致；协定，协议惊奇，惊叹;震惊
12.amaze[o meiz]v.感到惊讶的amazed惊奇，惊叹的；震惊的amazing[o meizi ij]a.be amazedat对•・感到惊讶
13.amuse[o mjuz]vt.（使人）快乐，逗乐amused感到愉快的令人愉快的amusingamusement[o mjuzmont]n.娱乐分析
14.analyze/aenl,al z/v.分析，分析结果analysis[s naehsls]n.怒,愤怒
15.anger[aeggor]n.生气的,愤怒的angry[aengrl]a.担忧,焦虑
16.anxiety[sei],zal otl]n.忧虑的,焦急的anxious[aegkf os]a.道歉，谢罪
17.apologize[o po10d3al z]vi.道歉；歉意apology[o poinds11n.出现
18.appear[o pior]vi.出现,露面；容貌appearance[o piorons]n.申请
19.application[aeplikei[on]n.申请apply[o plai]v.
20.appoint[o*po1nt]v.任命，委任，安排appointment[o po I ntmont]n.约会appreciate[o prif1el欣赏；感激t]v.欣赏，鉴定，评估appreciation[opri:J1el J on]n.合适的，恰当的
21.appropriate[o praupri ot]a.近似，大约approximately[opro ksimotli]ad.
22.argue[agju]vi.争辩，争论argument[agju m^nt]n.争论，辩论安排，布置
23.arrange[o rei ndj]v.安排，布置arrangement[s rei ndj m^ntjn.到来,到达
24.arrival[o ralvsl]n.到达；小地方,-大地方arrive[o ralv]vi.-at in评价，评定性质,质量
25.assess[o ses]v.看法，评价assessment[o sesmont]n.帮助,协助
26.assist[o si st]v.帮助，援助，支持assistance[o,si stons]n.助手，助理assistant[o si stont]n.联想,联系
27.associate[o sou J1el t]v.协会，社团，联系association[osou siel J on]n.
28.assume[o sjum；US osum]v,假定，假设假定，假设assumption[o SAmpj an]n.吸引,引起
29.attract[s traekt]v.吸引,爱慕attraction[o traekfan]n.迷人的,有吸引力的attractive[o traektiv]a.B坏的；有害的，严重的坏，恶劣地
1.bad worse,worst[baed]a.badly[baedll]ad.
2.bath[ba:0；US bae0]n.洗澡；浴室；澡盆洗澡；游泳bathe[bel d]vi.
3.beautiful[bjuti fol]a.美,美丽，美观的beauty[bjuti]n.美丽，美人守规矩，行为彳亍为,举止
4.behave[bihei v]v.behaviour/bi heivjor/n.有利的,有帮助的,有用的优势,益处，使…受益
5.beneficial[benifl Jol]a.benefit[beni flt]n./v.对人,事厌倦的，烦闷的
6.bored/bo rd/a.boring/Kbo ng/a.乏味的，无聊的勇敢的
7.brave|brel v]a.勇气bravery[brei varl]n.气息呼吸
8.breath[bre0]n.;breathe|brid]vi.呼吸气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的breathless[breOIl s]a.建筑；造
9.build built,built[bi Id]v.建筑物；房屋；大楼building[bl Idlrj]n.C
2.caution[koJ on]n.谨慎，小心,警告cautious[ko:J os]a.小心的，谨慎的庆祝
3.celebrate[sell breit]v.庆祝；庆祝会celebration[sellbrei J on]n.中心中心的
4.entre central
6.challenge[tf aeli nds1n.具有挑战性的challenging[tf aeli ndji q]a.易变的,变化无常的
7.changeable[tf el nd30bol]a.零钱；找头改变，变化；更换；change[tf el nd3]n.v.欢呼；喝彩
8.cheer[tf Ior]n.vi.Cheer up[tj Ior-Ap]振作起来！提起精神！兴高采烈的，快活的cheerful[tf Iofu1]a.干杯，口谢谢,再见cheers[tj Ior]int.化学的化学品
9.chemical[kemi kol]a.n.药剂师；化学家chemist[keml st]n.化学chemistry[keml strl]n.孩子,儿童
10.child Mchildren[tj alId]n,幼年时代,童年childhood[tj alIdhu d]n.国内的；平民非军人的；民用的
11.civilf siv^l]a,平民，老百姓civilian[si vili on]n.civilization[si vilaizei Jon；n.文明弄干净，擦干净清洁的，干净的
12.clean[kli:n]vt.a.cleaner[klinor]n.清洁工.，清洁器.，清洁剂敏川清晰；明亮的；清楚的
13.clear[kli清楚地，无疑地clearly[kli oil]ad.云；云状物；阴影
14.cloud[khu diTJ]n.多云的,阴天的cloudy[klaudi]a.安慰；慰问
15.comfort[kA mfot]n.comfortable[kA mf9t9bol；US,kA mfortobl]a.舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的犯罪,错,自杀
16.commit[k mit]v.承诺，允诺，承担commitment[ko mltmont]n.
17.communicate[ko mjuni keit]v.交际；传达感情,信息等communication[komjunikei Jon]n.交际，通讯
18.compete[kom*pit]vi.比赛，竞赛匕能力，月生任，管辖权competence[,k3mp0ns]n.比赛，竞赛competition[ko mpoti Jon]n.竞赛者，比赛者competitor[kom petltor]n.
19.conclude[kon klud]v.完成，结束conclusion[kan klu3an]n.结论；结束考虑
20.consider[kon sidar]vt.体贴的considerate[k^n sidsrot]a.考虑；关心consideration[konsi dorei Jon]n.方彳更的
21.convenience n.convenient adj.构筑；建造，建设
22.construct[ksn strA kt]v.建造,建设，建筑物construction[kon strA kf@n]n.D危险
1.danger[del ndjor]n.危险的dangerous[del ndjoros]a.黑暗；暗处；暮黑暗的；深色的
2.dark[da:k]n.H a.darkness[dakm s]n.黑暗，阴暗死死的，无生命的
3.die[dal]v,dead]死death[de n.决定；下决心
4.decide[disal d]v.决定；决心decision[disi3on]n.
5.deep[dip]a.深ad.深；深厚deeply[dipll J ad.深深地深，深度depth[dep0]n.快乐；乐事
66.delight[dilai t]n.高兴的，快乐的delighted[dilaitid]a.使发展；使发达；使发育；开发冲洗照片67develop[di vehp]v.vt.development[divehpmsnt]发展，发达，发育，n.把…奉献,把…专用于68devote[divou t]vt.奉献,奉献精神devotion[di vouJ9n]n.相异,有区别69differ[di for]v.不同difference[di frons]n.不同的，有差异的different[di front]a.艰难;不易相处
70.difficult[di fi kolt]a,M;困难，费力difficulty[di flkolti]n.意见不一致，持不同意见
71.disagree[di sogri:]vi.意见不一致；争论disagreement[di sogri:mont]n.使失望
72.disappoint[di sopo1nt]vt.感到失望的be disappointedat令人失望的disappointing失望；沮丧disappointment[di spo I ntmont]n.发现
73.discover|diskA vor]vt.发现discovery[diskA vsn]n.讨论，议论
74.discuss[di skA s]vt.讨论,辩论discussion[di skA f on]n.距离
75.distance[di stons]n.远的,遥远的distant[di stont]a.E76easy[izi]a.容易的,不费力的easily[izi li]ad.容易地77east[ist]a.东方；东部的；朝东的；ad.在东方；eastern[iston]a.东方的;东部的教育，培养教育家78educate[edju keit]vt.educator[*edju:keitQr]n.education[edjukei Jon]n.教育，培养发动机，弓【擎工程师；技师
4.engine[endj In]n.engineer[endj Inl sr]n.79enjoy[Indj I]vt.欣赏；享受乐趣；喜欢enjoyable[indjo工9bgl]a.愉快的;有趣的
6.equal[i kwol]a.平等的vt.等于,使等于equality[ikwo htl]n.平等提供设备；装备；配备装备，设备
82.equip[ikwi p]vt.equipment[lkwi pmont]n.精确的；确切的精确地;确切地存在83exact[i gzaekt]a.exactly[exact-ly]ad.
8.exist[l gzlst]vi.存在；生存；存在物existence[i gzi stons]n.解释，说明解释,说明84explain[I ksplei n]vt.explanation[eksplo neif on]n.表达；表情快车，特快专递表达；词句；表
85.express[i kspres]vt.n.expression[i ksprej an]n.情极其的，非常的极其，非常
86.extreme[i kstri:m]a.extremely[ikstri:mil]ad.失败；不及格；衰退
1.fail[fei1]v.失败failure[fei ljor]n.公平的，合理的肤色白皙的；人白肤金发的集市；庙会；展览会
2.fair[fesr]a.a.n.公正地，正当地；相当程度地fairly[feoli]ad.公平；公正fairness[*fe onis]n.
3.firm[f3m]n.公司；企业a.坚固的，坚定的firmly[f3mil]ad.牢牢地外语流利,流畅
4.fluency[fluonsi]n.fluent[fluont]a.外语流利的，流畅
5.fool[fu1]n.傻子,蠢人foolish]fuli J]a.愚蠢的，傻的
6.foreign[fo ran；USfon n]a.外国的外国人foreigner[fo ron0r]n,忘己；忘掉
7.forget[fo*revor]forgot,forgotten v.t健忘的，不留心的forgetful ggetfu1]a.
8.fortunate[fotj anst]a.幸运的；侥幸的fortune[fotjun,fotf un]n.财产；运气自由，空闲的；免费的
9.free[fri:]a.freedom[fridomj n.自由朋友
10.friend[frend]n.友好的friendly[frendli]a.友谊，友情friendship[frendj Ip]n.G赠品;礼物11gift[gi ft]n.有天赋的；有才华的gifted[gi ftid]a.生长；发育；种植；变成12grow grew,grown[grou]v.生长，增长growth[grou0]n.弓导,指导13guidance[gal dons]n.I向导导游者guide[gal d]n.,H幸福；快乐的,高兴的L happy[haepi]a.「幸福地，快乐地happily haepili]ad.幸福，愉快happiness[haepi nis]n.
2.hard[ha:d]ad.努力地；使劲；猛烈地a.硬的；困难的；艰难的hardly[ha dll]ad.JL乎不hardship[hadf Ip]n.困难
3.harm[ham]n.v.伤害；损伤harmful[ha有害的；致伤的harmless[hamil s]a.无害的；不致伤的]健康，卫生
4.health[hel n..健康的,健壮的healthy[helOi]a.重的
5.heavy[hevi]a重地,大量地heavily[hevi li]ad.帮助,帮忙
6.help[help]n.vt.有帮助的，有益的helpful[helpful]a.希望
7.hope[hou p]n.v.有希望的；有前途的hopeful[hou pfu1]a.没有希望，不可救药的hopeless a.
8.humorous[hjumoros]a.富于幽默的humour美humor fhjurmo]n.幽默,幽默感饥饿
9.hunger[hA rjgor]n.饥饿的hungry[hA ggn]a.I有病的；不健康的l.ill[I1]a.疾病illness[I Inis]n.
1.importance[I mpotsns]n.重要性important[l mpotont]a.重要的想象想象的想象
3.imagine vt.imaginary adj.imagination n.不可能的可能的
4.impossible[I mpo sibol]a.possible留下极深的印象印象、感觉
5.impress[I mpres]vt.impression[i mpref on]n.改善，提高
6.improve improvement独立的
1.independent independence通知；指示；教
8.instruct[instrAkt]vt.说明，须知；教导instruction[instrA kJan]n.兴趣，趣味;利息有趣的感兴趣的
9.interest[I ntrost]n.interesting|I ntratirj]a.interested智力，聪明的
10.intelligence intelligent
11.introduce[I ntradjus；US-dus]vt.介绍introduction[i ntrodA kJan]n.引进,介绍
12.invent发明，创造发明，仓造[ln vent]vt.invention[lnvenj on]n.邀请,请帖邀请,招待
13.invitation[i nvitel Jon]n.invite[inval t]vt.J裁判；审判员;法官判断，断定
1.judge[d3Ad3]n.vt裁判judgement[*d3A djmont]n.
2.juice[d^us]n.汁、液juicy[dj usi]a.多汁的；水分多的K种；类善良，友好的仁慈；善良
1.kind[kai nd]n.a.kindness[kai ndms]n.L
1.last[last；US laest]a.最近刚过去;最后的ad.最近刚过去;最后地n.最后v.持续late[lei t]a.晚的,迟的晚地,迟地最近，不久前「晚些的，迟些的ad.lately[lei til]ad.later lei tor]a.latest[lei tist]a.最近，最新的；最晚的底匕两者之中的后者latter1r]n.』懒惰的懒惰地懒惰2azy lazilylaziness n.笑，大笑；嘲笑
3.laugh[la:f]n.v.laughter[la:ftor；US ilaeftsr]n.笑；笑声
4.learn learnt,learnt；—ed—ed[13n]vt.学，学习，学会learned[113m d]a.有才华的；博学的生活；居住；活着活的，活着的；实况，现场直播的活泼的;充满
5.live[li v]vi.a.lively[lai vli]a.生气的活着的生计living[ll vig]a.n.合法的违法的
6.legal illegal简单重新唤起Simplicity reawaken几乎目定；很可能；人概Probably adv.全国乙
69.RemarkableRemark不吸引人的；无趣的；无聊的Uninteresting adj.卷不那么令人印象深刻的less-than-impressive光荣的；可敬的；高贵honorable=honourable adj.
63.eventuallyeventual的新高考I不合格；取消资格；被罚下场disqualification n.卷不合格的；被取消资格的disqualified意志力；毅力willpower n.新高考II
38.asleepsleep affordv-affbrdable adj.0卷accidentally accidentalprivate adj.-privacy n.试错实验trial-and-error
65.protectionprotectindicate v-indication n-indicator n.全国甲卷
066.meaningfulmeaning表明指示器，指标年2022衰退;下降downturn n.（暴露于恶劣天气环境而产生white-out conditions浙江卷1roughlyrough的）失明0independenceindependent月越野骑车off-road bikinglifebloodn・命脉・・・人物刻characterisation n.mentall
65.responsibility.重新入场re-admissionn改为全国乙卷responsible y令人毛骨悚然mentalA hair-raising大声的
7.loud[lau d]a.大声地loudly[lau dll]ad.爱;热爱；很喜欢
8.love[1A v]n.vt.美好的,可爱的lovely[11A vli]a.运气，好运
9.luck[1Ak]n.运气好，侥幸lucky[11A ki]a.M结婚,婚姻
1.marriage[maeri dj]n.已婚的married[maeri d]a.使成婚，结婚marry[maen]v.回忆，记忆
2.memory[mem0rl]n.记忆memorize[memorai z]v.精神的；脑力的
3.mental[mentol]a.精神上；智力上mentally[mentoli]ad.
4.merciful[m3si ful]a.仁慈的；宽大的mercy[m3si]n.怜悯凌舌
5.mess|mes]n.L乱七八糟的messy[,mesi]a.错误弄错错误的
6.mistake mistook,mistaken[mi stel k]n.vt.mistaken[mi stel kon]a.混合,搅拌
7.mix[mi ks]v.昆合物mixture[mi kstj9r]n.
78.move[muv]v.移动，搬动，搬家movement[muvmont]n.运动,活动现代的.使现代化
9.modem modernizevt现代化modernizationN自然，性质，种类
1.nature[nei tfor]n.自然的natural[naetf orol]a.国家国家的
2.nation national国籍nationality
4.necessary necessarily必需品necessity n.九
5.nine[nai n]num.第九ninth[nai n0]num.声音,噪声，喧闹声
6.noise[no Iz]n.喧闹地noisily[*no Izi liJad.喧闹的，嘈杂的noisy[no Izi]a.
7.normal[nomol]n.a.正常的状态反常的正常地abnormal normallyadv.北的；朝北的；从北来的.向在，从北方北；北方；北部
8.north[no:0]a.ad n.northern[nodsn]a.北方的，北部的northwards[noOwodz]ad.向1匕长篇小说
9.novel[no vol]n.小说家novelist[no volist]n.
10.nurse[n3s]n.护士；保育员nursery[n3son]n.托儿所nursing[n3siq]n.职业性的保育,护理O.做手术，运转；实施，负责，经营，管理
1.operatef□porei t]v手术，操作operation[□po relJQn]n.接线员operator[o psreitor]n.反对；反抗
2.oppose©pou z]vt.相反，对面相反的，对面的opposite[,□pszl t]n.a.「组织
3.organize0:gonaiz]vt.组织者organiser organizer[□:gonaizo]n.organization[□gonal zeiJon]n.组织，机构P疼痛，疼
1.pain[pel n]n.使痛的，使痛苦的painful[pel nful]a.油漆油漆，粉刷，绘画paint[pel nt]n.vt.绘画者，油画家painter[pel ntar]n.油画，水彩画painting[pel ntitj]n.
2.part[pat]n.部分；成分.部分地,在一定程度上partly[pa:til]ad容忍；耐心
3.patience n.病人，耐心的patient[pel fsnt]n.
4.peace|pis]n.和平peaceful[pisfu1]a.和平的，安宁的
5.perform[ps fom]v.表演,履行；行动performance lpo fom]n.演出，表演performer[pofomor]n.表演者，执行者
6.person[p3son]n.人personal[p3son川a.个人的,私人的personnel[p3so nel]n.全体人员，职员personally[p3sonoli]ad.就自己而言
7.physical[fl zikQl]a.身体的;物理的physician[fl zi[on]有行医执照的医生物理学家物理学n.
8.physicist[fl zisist]n.physics[fl ziks]n.
9.pleasant[plezont]a.令人愉快的，舒适的please[pli z]v.请，使人高兴，使人满意pleased高兴的[pli:zd]a.高兴，愉快pleasure[pli:zd]n.诗诗人毒药
10.poem[pou Im]n.poet[pou It]n.
11.poison[poIz9n]n.poisonous[poI zsnos]a.有毒的，致命的
12.pollute[pa lut]vt.污染pollution[pd luf on]n.污染占有；拥有
13.possess[po zif on]vt.所有，拥有；财产，所有物可能,possession[po zef on]n.
14.possibility[po sibi liti]vn.可能性可能的possible[po sibol]a.力，动力,电力
15.power[pau dor]n.效力大的，强有力的，强大的实际的,powerful[pau ofuI]a.
16.practical[*praekti k9l]a.适用的练习practicese[preekti s]n..宁愿选择,更喜欢
17.prefer[pnf3:r]vt选择,趋向preference[prefarans]n.准备
18.preparation[prep reiJon]n.准备，预备，调制，配制prepare[pn pesr]vt.按新闻界，出版社压迫，压力，压强
19.press[prezi dont]vt.JE,n.pressure[pref sr]n.很可能，很有希望的很可能，大
20.probable[pro b9bg1]a.probably[pro bob9ll]ad.概
21.produce[pro*djus；US dus]vt.生产；制造product[pro dAkt]n.产品,制品生产；制造production[pro,dA kJon]n.发音
22.pronounce[pro nauns]vt.发音pronunciation[pronA nslelJon]n.恰当的,合适的
23.proper[pro por]a.适当地properly[pro poll]ad..保护
24.protect[pro*tekt]vt保护protection[pro tekfon]n.自豪的；骄傲的
25.proud[prau d]a.自豪,骄傲pride[prai d]n.难题,字、画谜迷惑的,困惑的
26.puzzle|pA ZQ1]n.puzzled[pA ZQ1]a.R雨，雨水下雨下雨的；多雨的
1.rain[rei n]n.vi.rainy[rei ni]a.
2.real[ri1]a.真实的,确实的现实reality[ri aelltl]n.美.认识到,实现realise realize[,ri01al z]vt真正地;到底；确实really v[ri oil]ad.
3.reason[rizon]vi.评理，劝说n.理由，原因reasonable[ri:zon0b川a.合乎情理的
4.refusal[rifjuzol]n.拒绝refuse[ri ijuz]vi.拒绝，不愿有关；涉及
5.relate[nlei t]vi.关系；亲属relation[rilei Jon]n.关系relationship[rilei fonj Ip]n.亲属，亲戚relative[rehti v]n.依赖，依靠
6.rely[nlai]v.可信赖的,可依靠的reliable[nlai0bal]a.宗教
7.religion[n li dj on]n.宗教的religious[nlid3QS]a.需求；要求
8.require[ri kwal9r]vt.需要；要求；必要的条件requirement[n kwalomont]n.预定
9.reservation[rezo velfon]n.reserve[ri z3v]n.v.储备；预定S使人悲伤的
1..sad[saed]a.悲哀,忧伤sadness[saednl s]n.安全的保险柜
2.safe[sei f]a.n.安全，保险safety[sei fti]n.航行航行，开航
3.sail[sei1]n.v.航海sailing[sei lirj]n.水手，海员sailor[sei hr]n.
4.salt[soIt,so It]n.盐盐的，咸的，含盐的salty[so:Iti,so Iti]a.
5.scene[sin]n.戏剧、电影等的一场，场景，布景scenery[sin9rl]n.风景,景色，风光科学，自然科学
1.science[sal ans]n.科学的scientific[sal ontl flk]a.科学家scientist[sal0nti st]n.安心的，有把握的，牢靠的
7.secure[sikju or]a.安全平安security[sikju orltl]n.,
8.serve[s3v]vt.招待顾客等，服务service[S3vl s]n.月艮务安家，定居
9.settle[setol]vi.新拓居地；美部落，村落settlement[setolmont]n.移居者，开拓者settler[sethr]n.有病，患病的,想呕吐
10.sick[si k]a.疾病sickness[si kms]n.安静,沉默
11.silence[sal Ions]n.无声的，无对话的silent sallant]a.简单的,简易的
12.simple[si mpol]a..使简化,使简易simplify[si mplifai]v简单地，加强语气的确simply[si mpli]ad.
13.skill[ski]n.技能，技巧skilled[ski]a.熟练的；有技能的熟练，精湛的，灵巧的skillful[ski lf9l]a.精湛地,巧妙地skillfully[skilfuli]ad.
14.sleep[slip]n.睡觉sleep slept,slept[slip]vi.睡觉sleepy[slip]a.想睡的，困倦的，瞌睡的
15.smell smelt,smelt或-ed,-ed[smel]v.嗅，闻至!J；发气味n.气味smelly[smell]a.有臭味的，发出臭味的烟冒烟；吸烟
16.smoke[smai I]n.v.吸烟者smoker[smou kor]n.吸烟，抽烟；冒烟smoking[smouki g]n.雪,下雪
17.snow[snou]n.vi雪白的；下雪的；多积雪的snowy[snoui]a.「社会的；社交的
18.social saufol]a.社会主义socialism[sou Joil zam]n.社会主义的socialist[souJoil st]a.社会society[ss salMl]n.精神
19.spirit[spl rit]n.精神的；心灵的spiritual[spi ritf uol]a.力量，力气
20.strength[stregO]n.加强，增强strengthen[streg0on]vt.strong[stro ij；US strog]a.强壮的；坚固的；强烈的；坚强的
21.succeed[sok sid]vi.成功成功success[sok ses]n.成功的，有成就的successful[sok sesfu1]a.受苦，遭受
22.suffer[SA for]vi.痛苦，苦难suffering[SA forig]n.
23.suggest[so*dj est；US sag,d3est]vt.建议,提议建议suggestion[so estjon]n.太阳，阳光
24.sun[SA n]n.晴朗的；阳光充足的sunny[SA ni]a.围绕；包围
25.surround[so raund]vt.周围的surrounding[ss raundl g]a.存活，幸存
26.survival[s vaiv9l]n.生存,存活，幸免于难survive[so vaiv]v.T技术的，工艺的
1.technical[tekni kol]a.技术；技巧，方法technique[tekni koI]n.技术technology[tek no10d31]n.感谢,致谢,道谢复感谢，谢意
2.thank[0aerk]vt.n.感谢的，感激的thankful[Oaerjkfb1]a.理论的
3.theoretical[010red kol]a.理论theory[01o retikol]n.渴;口渴
4.thirst[03:d]n.thirsty[03sti]a.渴使疲劳
5.tire[tai Mr]vi.疲劳的,累的tired[tai ad]a.令人厌倦的tiresome a.「匕总数的；总括的;完全的，全然的.合计，总计合计为
6.total utol]a.nv.总合地，完全地totally[to toli]ad.参观，观光，旅行
7.tour[tu or]n.旅游业；观光tourism[tu orizsm]n.旅行者,观光者tourist[*tuorl st]vn.传统风俗
8.tradition[tro dif9n]n.,传统的，风俗的traditional[tro difon]a.火车培训，训练
9.train[trel n]n.v.训练人；教练trainer[treinor]n.培训training[trel nirj]n.翻译
10.translate[traens*leit]vt.翻译;译文translation[traens leiJon]n.翻译家，译者translator[traensleito]n..旅行
11.travel[traeval]n.vi旅行者traveler[traevohr]n.
12.treat[trit]vt.对待，看待治疗，疗法treatment[tri:tmont]n..使苦恼，使忧虑使麻烦问题，疾病，烦恼，麻烦
13.trouble[trA bol]vt,n.troublesome令人烦恼，讨厌[*trA bolsgm]a.
14.true[tru]a.真的,真实的；忠诚的truly[trull]ad.真正地，真实地truth[tru0]n.真理,事实，真相,实际打字
15.type[tai p]vt.打字员typist[tai pist]n.U-V不幸的
1.unfortunate[A nfou Id]a.不幸地unfortunately[A nfo:tju notli]ad.
2.use[juz]n.vt.利用,使用,应用useful[jusfu1]a.有用的，有益的useless[jusli s]a.无用的user[juzo]n.使用者；用户
3.usual[ju3u ol]a.通常的,平常的usually[ju30oil]ad.通常,经常值钱的，贵重的
4.valuable[vaelju ab9l]a.value[vaelju]n.价值，益处V-W种种,种类
1.variety[vo raiotl]n.各种各样的，不同的various[vesri os]a.暴力行为
2.violence[vai olons]n.暴力的violent[vai shnt]a.小提琴
3.violin[vai oll n]n.提琴家，提琴手violinist[vai oll nlst]n.
4.visit[viZQ]n.vt.参观，访问，拜访访问者，参观者visitor[vi zitor]n.等，等候
5.wait[wei t]vi.餐厅男服务员waiter[wei tar]n.女服务员waitress[tres]n.暖和的，温暖的；热情的
6.warm[wo:m]a.warmth[wom9]n.暖和,温暖差的，弱的，淡的
7.weak[wi:k]a.weakness[wikni s]n.软弱财产,财富
8.wealth[wel0]n.,富的wealthy[wel0i]a星期,周
9.week[wi:k]n.weekday[wikdei]n.平日weekend[wik end,wikend]n.周末weekly[wikll]a.每周的称…的重量，重若干
10.weigh[wel]vt.重，重量weight[wei t]n.风
11.wind[wi nd]n.有风的，多风的windy[wi ndl]a.智慧
12.wisdom[wi zdom]n.聪明，英明的，有见识的wise[wai z]a.
13.wonder[WA ndor]v.对・..疑惑，感到惊奇，想知道n.惊讶，惊叹；奇迹wonderful美妙的，精彩的；了不起的；太好了[WA ndafu1]a.木头，木材，复树木，森林
14.wood[WA ndofu1]n.木制的wooden[wu don]a.羊毛，羊绒
15.woo[wu1]1n.羊毛的，羊毛制的woollen[*wulin]a.
16.work[w3k]n.工作，劳动，事情vi.工作；机器、器官等运转，活动workday[wo:kdei]工作日n.worker[w3ksr]n.工人；工作者「劳动力workforce wo:kfb:s]n.「同事；工友workmate wwkfo:s]n.workplace[w3kplei s]n.工作场所,车间works[w3ks]n.著作，作品担心的，烦恼的
17.worried]w3ri d/wA-]a.烦恼,担忧，发怒,困扰worry[WA ri]n.v.
18.worth[w39]a.有,,•的价值，值得,，•的worthless[w301is]a.没有价值,没有用的worthwhile[w30wai1]a.值得做的worthy[w30,wai1]a.值得的语法填空常考词汇表二是形容词后缀，表示“能……的，可……的；具有L-ablemovable可移动的believable可相信的enjoyable令人愉快的changeable易变的favourable adj.赞同的respectable adj.可敬的adaptable adj.可适应的deniable adj.可否认的reasonable adj.合理的entirely adv.完全地，全部地completely adv.完全地，十分地.非常，极其extremely adv.totally adv.完全完美地perfectly.表示程度的副词2-ly表示状态；性质；品质；地位；职位
3.-ship奖学金友谊scholarship friendshipleadership领导地位relationship关系苦难hardship成员资格membershipprofessorship教授职位membership全体成员ownership所有权结尾的形容词聚焦
4.-ing/-ecTshocking令人震惊的shocked感到震惊的frightening令人恐惧的frightened受惊的terrifying令人害怕的terrified感到害怕的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的令人吃惊的感到吃惊的surprising surprised后缀加在动词或名词后面构成形容词或名词，表示“事物的动作，过程”
5.-aloriginal原来的，起初traditional传统的personal个人的排名最好的best-rated新高考I积极进取的up-andcomirig2021undoubtedly undoubted卷纳入;包含.inclusion n.观察；观测；监视observation n.新高考IT
44.representative observatoryn.天文台；气象台20210卷represent人际关系的；人际的
6.interpersonal adj.一小块空地a smallclearing全国甲卷2021dailyday0前景;最显著的地方foreground n.financialfinance functionala.运转的、功能正常的全国乙卷20210developmentdevelop座机landline n.一场漫长而艰难的战争an uphillbattle浙江卷
2021.6marriagemarry0值得称赞的.praiseworthy a.浙江卷
2021.1sharplysharp0考点梳理瞧考点梳叫•考点一名词转和动词互相变换典例引领即时检测考点二名词和形容词互相变换典例引领即时楂测考点三形容词和副词互相变换occasional偶尔；有时候emotional情感的营养（物）nutritional adj.的拒绝，回绝；谢绝refusal n.到来；到达；到达者arrival n.幸存（者）；继续生存赞成，赞同，赞许;批准实践的survival n.approval n.practical不可或缺的essential精神的mental重要的vital与电有关的electrical身体的physical后缀在动词后构成形容词「令人……的”吓人的；可怕的
6.-ing frightening令人兴奋的；令人激动的exciting令人鼓舞的encouraging令人感动的moving令人震惊的astonishing形容词变为名词将词尾的变成的单词依靠的一依
7.-t-ce dependentadj.dependence n.靠existent adj.存在的一existence n・存在important adj.重要的—importance n.重要性有耐心的一耐心方便的一方便patient adj.patience n.convenient adj.convenience n.独立的一缺席的，缺少的一independent adj.independence absentadj.absence significant重大的；有意义的一.灿烂的；杰出的一动词adj.significance brilliantadj brilliance8,+ing一形容词.一让人难堪的一令人失embarrass vtembarrassing adj.disappoint vt.disappointing adj.望的一令人兴奋的有趣的excite vt.exciting adj.interest vt.—interesting adj.一警告的；告诫的warn vtwarning adj.move vt一moving adj.令人感动的touch vt—touching动人的；令人感伤的adj.dare vt—daring勇敢的；大胆的；蛮横的adj.一有趣味的interest vtinteresting adj.surprise vt一surprising adj.惊人的；奇异的；意外的一令人恐惧的frighten v.frightening adj..后缀加在动词后面，表示“行为的过程，结果，状况”9-ion,-sion,-tion表明indication n.犹豫hesitation n.毕业graduation n.翻译translation n.住宿accommodation n.禁止；阻止；禁令prohibition n.行动，作用action n.结论；推论；最后的决定conclusion n.建设；建筑construction n.表达；词句；表青expression n.1位置position行动；行为action发明invention收藏；收藏品collection指示；说明instruction名词后缀-sion延长，扩展extension职业profession决定decision结论conclusion扩张expansion后缀加在动词后面构成名词，表示“行为、状态、过程、手段及其结果”
10.-ment承诺；交托commitment n.treatment n.对待；治疗movement n.运动；移动judgment n.审判;判决罚，处罚；刑罚punishment n,以结尾的名词
11.-nessill—illnes疾病skind—kindness仁慈；好意soft一softness柔软dark—黑暗darknesshappy一happiness幸福；快乐以结尾的动词荟萃简化
12.“-ify”simplify美化beautify净化purify鉴定；识别出identify分类classify使恐惧horrify
13.以・ial结尾的形容词influential有影响力的artificial人工的官方的official有益的beneficial社会的social至关重要的essential面部的facial潜在的特殊的种族的potential specialracial后缀构成的方位形容词
14.-ern东方的；东部的；来自东方的西方的；西部的；来自西方的南方的；南部的；来自南方eastern westernsouthern的北方的；北部的；来自北方的西北方的；来自西北的东南方的；来自东南northern northwesternsoutheastern的常用于形容词前构成反义词
15.un-un+believable一unbelievable难以置信的不幸福的un+happy—unhappy不友善的un+kind-unkind不健康的un+fit-unfit不舒适的un+comfbrtable^uncomfbrtable
16.un.+后缀-y”构成形容词有浓雾的foggy健康的healthy嘈杂的noisy美味的tasty有味的smelly|胎好题冲关好题冲关・能力提州
1.Thefly wascancelled asa resultof theterrible weather.
2.Hiscareless resultedin hisfailure in the mathcontest.
3.And dayafter day,the oncebeautiful riverhas turnedinto asmell dustbin.多架者.
4.Since then,there has been nooffice communicationwith thekidnappers E
5.It wasextreme difficultto buildsuch awall in the ancientdays withoutany modernmachine.
6.Your ideasare veryinteresting,but weneed practicesuggestions toget usout oftrouble.
7.Men andwomen haveto sit in separateareas------the menwith the bridegroom,and thewomen with thebride,atweddingreceive.
8.Aretire engineer,76-year-old Wilsonhas beenoffering freerides tocollege studentsfor the past eightyears.
9.He foundhe couldno longerdeal withhisdemand job.
10.1must makeanapologize to him fornot goingto hisparty.1l.Some mediathe conflictwas undercontrol,but therehas stillbeen noofficial.confirm
12.,I thoughtI couldadapt to the climatethere.initial
13.Even ifyou onceagain,it doesntsuggest thatyou area.fail
14.Karas phonehasbeenringing.We arereally boredwiththe.frequent
15.Due toa smallfire,the officewill beclosed,but itwill beopen verysoon,temporary
16.When foodhad beento thevillagers,they complainedthat itswas notfair,distribute
17.Seeing thecat killedinthe,the littlegirl trembled.violent
18.The greatunited thesmall statesinto apowerful.empire
19.Her facewas coveredwith,which madeit lookrather thanusual,dirty
20.Though withfeet,the girlfelt abit cold.bare
21.The prettygirl looked,and noone couldmatch withher.elegant，
22.He theskills requiredfor thejob sowe didntadmit himinto ourgroup dueto ofinterest.lack
23.My daughterdescribed whatshe hadheard andseen inthe wildlifezoo.vivid24,My bossme towork overtimeevery day,and I had anto hithim.urge
25.They arediscussing how to buildup apower government.
26.But thenwe gotan officialletter andwe wereblown away.We areso proudof her.It*swonder.
27.compare withletters,e-mails aremore convenientin communicationnowadays.
28.Children areallowed muchmore freethese days.
29.They foughta longbattle againstprejudice andignorant.
30.South Africahas submittedan applyto hostthe WorldCup.
31.He tooka veryscience approachto management.
32.We movedinto acabin withelectric hutno runningwater.
33.He remainedthe mostpopular politicin Arkansas.
34.The buildingshave beendesigned toblend inwith theirsurround.
35.The authorsintendis tokeep everyoneguessing untilthe bitterend.
36.His onlychance ofsurvivewasa hearttransplant.
37.Another argumentagainst televisionis thatit replacesreading asa formofentertain.38Join usto tasteavarious offresh localfood anddrinks.
38.Since moststudents arein needof anap,properarrange shouldbe madeso thatstudents canhave agood restafter awholemornings hardwork.
40.They believethe civilisationof acity can be judgedby peoplesaware of animalprotection.
41.While I have onlylisted twoof each,there areobviousmany othersituations thatcan arise.
42.The peopleinthehall seemedvery nosy,keeping theireyes onme withcurious.
43.There areenergy savingsto bemade fromallrecycle materials,sometimes hugesavings.
44.Operators saidthe darkspot is about twotimes thelongof theUnited States.
45.If she had beenaware thatthe mushroomswerepoison,she wouldnot havepicked themfor dinner.
46.Both locallyandglobal,the continuedspread offull-sun coffeeplantations couldmean thedestruction of the rainforestecology.
47.However,the twozookeepers didntwant tosee theextinctof thisprecious species.
48.There aremany waysto increaseagricultureefficiency inthe poorerareas ofthe world.
49.Thedisappear ofdinosaurs is not necessarilycaused byastronomical incidents.
50.The titlewill beofficialgiven tome ata ceremonyin London.
51.This kindof soilisnotsuit for growing peanuts.
52.It isessential toget goodprofessionadvice.
53.The methodisspecific designedfor usein smallgroups.
54.1think itwas thatthey shouldhave beenawareofthe ofthe rules,significance
1.1In theexperiment,we wantto knowthe data,so youmust assurethe.accurate
56.1am beginningto feelembarrassedat mycompleteignore ofworld history.
57.This kindof soilis notsuitforgrowingpeanuts.
58.It islegalto driveafter drinkingalcohol inour country.
59.The fishis abitsmell.We can*t eatit.
60.unfortunate,Chaplin andhis frienddidnt findany goldbut werecaught ina snowstorm.真题感知
[2024]
[2023]
一、构词法在语法填空与短文改错中的考点年新高考全国卷】
1.[2023II SinceJune2017,right beforethe56arrive ofthe twonew pandas,Meng Mengand JiaoQing,Ihavebeen helpingthe pandakeepers atthe zooto feelmore comfortableand57confidence speakingEnglish....They alsoneed tobe readyto give61interview inEnglish withinternational journalists.年全国甲卷】
2.[2023However,Carsons themeisamore weighty69warn aboutenvironmental destruction.年全国乙卷】
3.[2023The49remark development of thiscity,which isconsciously designed to protectthepastwhilestepping intothe modernworld,50mean thereis alwayssomething newto discoverhere,and I could bephotographingBeijing forthe next50years.年全国乙卷】
4.[2023However,instead ofthe brownishred hairshehadhoped for,she finalgot purplehair.年全国乙卷】
5.[2023At leastone thingproved truth:the colorwouldnt washout.年新高考全国卷】
6.[2023II So,what arethey learning63basic,howtodescribe apandas life.年新高考全国卷[
7.[2023I Xiaolong baosoup dumplings,those amazingconstructions ofdelicate dumplingwrappers,encasing hot,56taste soupand sweet,fresh meat,are farand awaymy favoriteChinese streetfood.【年新高考全国[卷]
8.2023No matterwhere Ibuy them,one steameris64rare enough,yet twoseems greedy,so Iamalways left65want morenext time.年全国甲卷】
9.[202347difference fromtraditional fables,Carsons storyends withan accusation年全国甲卷】instead ofa moral.
10.[2023The bees,butterfly andmany otherinsects lookedlovely andbeautifully onthestamps.
[2022]（年全国甲卷语法填空）
11.
2022...Inspired bythe Beltand RoadForum forInternational Cooperationheld inBeijing,Cao decidedto coverthe routeby（致敬）hiking asa tributetotheancient SilkRoad.A64friend ofhis,Wu Fan,volunteered tobe hiscompanion duringthetrip.（）Cao andWu alsocollected garbagealong theroad,in orderto promoteenvironmental65protect.Cao believesthis will（）make thehiking tripeven more66meaning.The twoof themcollected morethan1,000plastic bottlesalong the40-dayjourney.（年全国甲卷短文改错）（年全国乙卷语法填空）
12.2022I feltso closelytohim.
13.
2022...As amain promoteroftheInternational TeaDay,the birthplaceof teaand the_largest_tea-producing country,China has（）a65responsible towork withother countriesto promotethe healthydevelopmentofthe teaindustry.（年全国乙卷短文改错）
14.2022We allknow thatcycling isa greatlyexercise....（年全国高考新高考卷）
15.2022I TheGPNPs maingoal isto improveconnectivity betweenseparate62（）（）population andhomes ofgiant pandas,and63eventual achievea desiredlevel ofpopulation inthe wild.
二、构词法在阅读理解中的运用写出下列段落中划线词的构词形式及汉语意思（年新高考卷篇）
1.2023I CThe secondpart ofthis booktakes acloser lookat someideas thatwill help you（培养）cultivate asustainable digitalminimalism lifestyle.In thesechapters,I examineissues suchas theimportance of（独处）solitude andthe necessityof cultivatinghigh-quality leisureto replacethe timemost nowspend onmindless deviceuse.Each chapterconcludes witha collectionof practices,which aredesignedtohelpyouact onthe bigideas ofthechapter.You canview thesepractices asa toolboxmeant toaid yourefforts tobuild aminimalist lifestylethat wordsforyour particularcircumstances.（年全国乙卷）
2.2022Drones arealready beingused toexamine high-tension electricallines.They coulddoprecisely thesame thingto inspectrailway linesand othervital aspectsof railinfrastructure suchas thecorrect positionofrailway tracksand switchingpoints.The moreregularly theycanbeinspected,the morerailway safety,reliability and（高效）on-time performancewill beimproved.Costs would be cutand operationswouldbemore efficientacross theboard.（年新高考卷）
2.2022I Evenworse,Ihadunthinkingly boughtway toomuch;Icouldhave madesix saladswith whatIthrew out.In aworld wherenearly800million peoplea yeargo hungry,food wastegoes againstthe moralgrain Jas ElizabethRoytewrites inthis monthscover story.Ifs jaw-dropping howmuch perfectlygood foodis thrownaway—from ugly”（）but quiteeatable vegetablesrejected bygrocers tolarge amountsof uneatendishes thrownintorestaurant garbagecans.
[2021]年新高考卷
1.2021I Therolling seaof cloudsyou seeonce youare atthe topwill remindyou howtiny we57humanare.年全国甲卷
2.2021Supposedly youcan doitintwo hours,but westopped atthe differentgates and49watchtowerto fakepictures orjust towatch thelocal people...年全国乙卷...
3.2021and oftenprovides moneyfor conservationand benefitsthe62developof thelocal areas.年全国乙卷
4.2021Komodo NationalPark,officially recognizedin1980,is popularfor ecotourismbecause ofits远足unique biodiversity.69activitythere rangefrom whalewatching tohiking年月折江卷
5.20211j It is calculatedby dividinga
30.person weightin kgby theirheight inmeters squared.年月浙江卷
6.
20216...Charles Dresser,who performedtheir38marry ceremonyin
1842.年新高考卷
7.2021I Itwill58undoubted helpyou getrefreshed!年全国甲卷
17..
2021...to fakepictures orjust towatch thelocal peoplegoing abouttheir50day routines.年全国乙卷
8.2021Itisdifferent fromtraditional tourismbecause itallows thetraveler tobecome61educateaboutthe areas-both interms ofgeographical conditionsand culturalcharacteristics,...
9.Provide68financeaid andother benefitsfor localpeoples.年月浙江卷
10.20211But30years later,the BMIdifference betweenurban andrural peoplein manycountries hadnarrowed35sharp.典例引领即时检测考点四阅读理解和完形填空中的考查典例引领即时检测知识点拨许多英语单词的构成都有一定的规律，这种规律被称为构词法掌握构词法知识对我们更好地word formation理解词义、认识新词和扩大词汇量有重要意义英语中的构词法主要有派生法、合成法Derivation Composition和转换法三大类Conversion构词法一派生法在一个词的词根前面或后面加上某个词缀来产生新词，这种构词法称为派生法或词缀法root affixderivation加在前面的词缀叫前缀，加在后面的词缀叫后缀一般情况下，前缀往往改变词根affixation prefixsuffix的词义，不改变词根的词性；而后缀往往改变词根的词性，有些也涉及意义的变化大部分前缀和后缀都有固定的意义，因而许多派生词的词义可以通过词根及词缀的意思推知形容词变副词的后缀L在形容词后加一可变成相应意义的副词ly直接加一ly尤其，非常extreme—extremely stupid傻地—stupidly改为一快乐地y ilyhappy—happily一快乐地merry merrily去加一真的一＞真地e lytrue truly.形容词变名词的后缀2后缀例词-age short—shortage不足；短缺-cy效率；功效一efficient—efficiency accurateaccuracy准确性—dom free—freedom自由；自主一明智；智慧wise wisdom—ence different一difference差异一沉默silent silence—ness虚弱；弱点一weak—weakness carelesscarelessness粗心大意—th一力气；强项一宽strong strengthwide width无能；残疾一disable-disabilityy-ty responsible一responsibility责任—ity.动词变名词的后缀3后缀例词—al赞成；批准一至approve—approval arrivearrival来U—ance出现；外貌appear—appearance perform—表演；节目performance—ence exist—existence存在；生存参考；查阅refer—reference—ion construct—construction建设一评估evaluate evaluation—ation考虑一consider—consideration imagine想象力imagination—ssion discuss—discussion讨论；辩论接纳；准许入学admit—admission一一听力；听觉一开ing hearhearing beginbeginning始—ment一辩论；论据一设argue argumentequip equipment备—ure一失败；没做到压力fail failurepress—pressure—ture mix-mixture混合；混合物一离开；出发depart departure一y恢复；痊愈一发recover-recovery discoverdiscovery现其他多样化;种类趋vary—variety tend—tendency向；趋势•表示“人”的后缀4在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人常见的表示“人”的后缀有:后缀例词一村民village villager—er陌生人strange—stranger—ar lie一liar说谎者一受雇者；雇员employ employeeinterview—ee被面试者—interviewee一发明家invent inventor—or教育家；教师educate-educator一女乘务员steward stewardesshost—ess女主人；女主持人—hostess中国人China-Chinese—ese日本人Japan—Japanese美国人America—American—an澳洲人Australia—Australian历史学家history—historian—ian政治家；政客politics-politician专家special—specialist—ist旅行者；观光者tour-tourist参力□者participate—participant—ant一助手；图书管理员assist assistant.动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀5例词后缀一可接受的一舒适accept acceptablecomfort comfortable—able的—al person—personal个人的；私人的自然的；天生的nature-natural有希望的和平的hope—hopeful peace-peaceful—ful感到困惑的感到厌倦的confuse-confused bore-bored—ed令人惊讶的surprise—surprising—ing令人信服的convince—convincing容易到达的；容易取得的access—accessible-ible可怕的；恐怖的horror—horrible有效的；生效的effect—effective—ive有教育意义的instruct—instructive一忧虑的anxiety anxious—ous一好奇的curiosity curious一令人厌倦的tire tiresome—some麻烦的trouble—troublesome美味的;可口的富裕的；taste—tasty wealth—wealthy一y丰富的有灰尘的；脏的dirt—dirty东方的；向东的east-eastern-ern西方的；向西的west—western愚蠢的;可笑的fool-foolish—ish自私的self—selfish一科学的science scientific—ic历史上著名的history—historic—ary imagine—imaginary想象中的,表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀6例词前缀缺点advantage—disadvantage comfort—dis-不舒适discomfort不合法的legal—illegalil—不合逻辑的logical—illogicalim—patient一impatient不耐烦的不道德的moral-immoral非正式的formal—informalin—一不方便的convenient inconvenient不规则的regular—irregularir—不负责任的responsible—irresponsible误导lead—misleadmis—误解understand—misunderstand不愿意的willing—unwilling happy-unhappyun-不高兴的后缀例词绝望的一粗心的hope-hopeless carecareless—less.变动词的前缀和后缀7前缀例词一扩大large enlargeen-使充实；使丰富rich—enrich后缀例词使变宽使变硬broad—broaden hard-harden-enclass—classify把......分类—ify美化beauty—beautify道歉apology—apologize—ize强调emphasis—emphasize构词法二转化法在词形不变的情况下，把一个单词由一种词性转换成另一种词性，而没有加任何词缀，这种构词方法称为转换法转换法种类很多，但数量最多的是由名词转化为动词和由动词转化为名词两大类转换后的词义与转换前的词义通常有密切的联系，但有时差异也很大散步游泳walk—take awalk swim—have aswim动词—＞名词名词一动词一预订book/.u.一也挤奶milk n.一也减慢slow adj.形容词一动词一也使变窄；（差距等）缩小narrow adj.困难的一努力地hard,高的.高high—odu形容词一副词.深的一.深deep/.宽的-广阔地wide odv.构词法三合成法把两个或两个以上的词素放到一起，这种构词法称为合成法合成词通常由两个或两个以上的自由词素构成不同词性，最常见的包括名词合成词，形容词合成词，动词合成词之间有的用连字符连接，有的直接连接在一起.合成名词1例词构成方式名词+名词周末weekend名词+动词黎明daybreak名词+动名词书法handwriting名词+及物动词止痛药+er/or pain-killer名词+介词+名词嫂了sister-in-law代词+名词母狼，she-wolf he-goat动词+名词打字机typewriter动名词+名词阅览室reading-room现在分词+名词飞鱼flying-fish形容词+名词大,新生freshman副词+动词景色，风光outlook介词+名词后脑afterbrain.合成形容词2例词构成方式名词+形容词血红的bloodred名词+现在分词讲法语的French-speaking名词名词——对——的+to+one-to-one名词+过去分词人造的man-made。
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