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专题祈使句和情态动词03自知识清单祈使句
一、基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子常省略主语,谓语动词用原形肯定的祈使句
1.
①句型动词原形+其他成分小心!Be careful!
②祈使句表示一种强烈的感情或请求,起强调作用Do+do
③用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余please please部分隔开请关门Close the door,please..否定的祈使句2
①常用句型,动词原形+其他成分Don t+别再迟到了!Dont be late forschool again!
②用开头动词原形+其他成分Never Never+引导的祈使句
3.Let以开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议其否定形式有两种或Let Let...not DorTt...
二、祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换动词原形+其他可转换为动词原形+其他?
1.Lefs+Shall we+祈使句简单句可转换为含引导的条件状语从句的复合句
2.+and/or+if
三、祈使句的应答语.以开头的祈使句,其答语常用等1Lets Goodidea./OK./Yes,Id loveto..其他肯定祈使句的应答语为;否定祈使句的应答语为2Yes,I will.Sorry/No,I won^Cdo itagain0考场练兵基础训练
1.If you want to have a chat,me up.A.calling B.call C.to callD.will call【答案】B【详解】句意如果你想聊聊,给我打电话考查条件句根据可知,句子是条件句,主句可以是祈使句,故选if If youwant to have achat”if B
2.your homeworkhere tomorrow,Lucy.A.Bring B.Brings C.To bringD.Bringing【答案】A【详解】句意露西,明天把你的作业带来考查祈使句分析句子结构,此处是祈使句,应用动词原形开头,故选A
3.—Let/s to the zoo!一Im sorry.I mustmy homeworkfirst.A.going;do B.go;doingC.go;do D.going;doing【答案】C【详解】句意一一让我们去动物园吧!一一对不起我必须先做我的家庭作业考查非谓语〃让某人做某事〃,第一空用动词原形;情态动词后跟动词原形故选let sbdo sthmust C(沉默的),
4.—silent please!You arein the library.一Im sorry,madam.A.Keep B.To keepC.Keeping D.Kept【答案】A【详解】句意一一请保持安静!你在图书馆一一对不起,夫人考查祈使句根据…(沉默的),〃可知,该句是祈使句,用动词原形开头,句首首字母大写故选silent please!Ao
5.the windows,Tom.There might be aheavy raintonight.A.Remember closingB.Remembering tocloseC.Remembering closingD.Remember toclose【答案】D【详解】句意记得关上窗户,汤姆今晚可能会下大雨考查非谓语动词根据“.・・thewindows,Tom.,句子为祈使句,动词用其原形,因此排除B、C选项;记得去做某事;记得做过某事,根据〃remember to do sth.remember doingsth.There might be aheavy raintonight可知,此处正在提醒记得去关窗户,因此排除选项故选Tom AD
6.carefully,please!Look atthe roadsign.There isa schoolahead.A.Drive B.To driveC.Driving D.Drives【答案】A【详解】句意请小心驾驶!看一看路标,前面有一所学校考查祈使句根据〃〃可知是祈使句的肯定形式,用动词原形〃〃放在句子开头故选carefully,please driveA
7.Bill,talk in class.We mustlisten the teacher.A.doesnt;with B.doesnt;to C.dont;with D.dont;to【答案】D【详解】句意比尔,不要在课堂上说话我们必须听老师讲课考查祈使句和介词第一空结合句意可知,此处是对比尔的建议,属于祈使句,否定祈使句以开头,意doMt为“不要〃;第二空,〃听……〃,固定搭配故选listen to D
8.—Jim,miss thewonderful film.-OK,I.A.dont;will B.doesnt;will C.dont;wont D.doesnt;wont【答案】c【详解】句意一一不要错过这部精彩的电影一一好的,我不会错过的Jim,考查祈使句根据〃可知,此处应是让不要错过电影,是祈使句的否定形式,“Jim,…miss thewonderful filmJim结构为doMt+动词原形,表示建议,排除BD;由上句提到的是〃wonderfulfilm〃和答句〃OK,I…〃可知,Jim表示将不会错过,是将来的否定,因此用故选wonk C
9.Daniel,football in the street.Its too dangerous.A.Play B.doesnt playC.dont playD.plays【答案】C【详解】句意别在街上踢足球太危险了Daniel,考查祈使句根据句意以及句式结构可知,该句是祈使句〃doMt+动词原形〃即〃不要做……〃故选C
10.—late forschool again,Tim!—Sorry,I be late again.A.Dont;wont B.Dont be;wontC.Dont be;don/t D.Dont;will【答案】B【详解】句意一一蒂姆,不要再上学迟到了一一对不起,我不会再迟到了考查否定祈使句否定祈使句结构为动词原形〃,迟到〃;根据.〃可知Dont+belate for Sorry/…belate again此处是指将来的否定,需用〃〃故选woMt B
11.play the guitar here,Jack.Its toonoisy.A.Cant B.No C.Dont【答案】c【详解】句意请不要在这里弹吉他,太吵了Jacko考查祈使句分析句子可知,此句为祈使句的否定形式Don,t+动词原形故选C
12.—Millie,late forschool again.—Sorry,I.A.dont;am not B.wont be;dont C.dont be;wont D.wont be;won/t【答案】C【详解】句意一一不要再迟到了一一抱歉,我不会了Millie,考查否定祈使句及答句根据否定祈使句的构成、动词原形;、动名词根据第一个空后面的1DoMt+2No+是形容词可知,前面要加所以用祈使句的谓语动词用的是动词原形,动作是未发生的因此常late be,dorftbe,用回答其肯定式;用来回答否定式,故选l/wewill sorry,I wont C
13.Take theexam with great care,you wontget a good mark.A.if B.unless C.or D.and【答案】C【详解】句意认真对待考试,否则你不会得到一个好成绩的考查连词if如果;unless除非;or否则;and和Z/Takethe exam withgreat care,...you wontget a goodmark,〃可知,前句说的是〃认真对待考试〃,后句是〃你不会获得一个好成绩〃,前后两句是转折关系,用〃否则〃r符合语境故选C
14.Dont be afraid to make mistakes,youll neverreally learnthe language.A.and B.or C.so D.but【答案】B【详解】句意不要害怕犯错误,否则你永远不会真正学会一门语言考查连词和;否则;所以;但是and orso but Dont be afraid tomake mistakes,...you/ll neverreally learnthe.〃可知,此处是“祈使句陈述句〃的结构,符合语境,表示〃不要害怕犯错,否则永远都language+and/or+or学不会一门语言〃故选B
15.Smile atthe world,the worldwill smileback toyou.A.but B.so C.and D.for【答案】C【详解】句意对这个世界微笑,这个世界就会对你微笑考查连词辨析但是;所以;和;因为根据.〃可but soand for“Smile atthe world…the worldwill smileback toyou知此处是固定句型,是结构〃祈使句陈述句〃故选+and+C提升训练(七年级上•吉林•阶段练习)
1.24-25Its timeclass.Lets English!A.to;read B.for,reading C.to;reading D.for,read【答案】D【详解】句意该上课了让我们读英语吧考查介词及祈使句its timefor sth是该做某事的时候了〃,固定搭配,用介词for;let sbdo sth让某人做某事〃,用动词原形故选D(七年级下•四川广元•期末)
2.23-24quiet,please.You arein the library.A.Keep B.To keepC.Keeping D.Keeps【答案】A【详解】句意请保持安静你在图书馆考查祈使句根据〃,〃可知,在图书馆要保持安静,此处是祈使句的肯定形式,动词用原形You arein the library故选A(七年级下•广西南宁•期末)
3.23-24When youcross the road,please!A.be carefulB.hurry upC.stand up【答案】A【详解】句意过马路时,请小心!考查祈使句小心;快点;起立根据可知,过马路时要be carefulhurry upstand upWhen youcross theroad”小心故选A(七年级上•上海青甫•期末)
4.23-247me someicing sugarand chocolatepowder,please.A.Pass B.Passing C.Passed D.To pass【答案】A【详解】句意请递给我一些糖霜和巧克力粉考查祈使句递,动词原形;动词的过去式;动名词;动词不定式分析句子Pass Passedpass PassingTo pass可知,此句无主语,表示请求,是肯定祈使句,用动词原形开头故选A
5.(23-24七年级上•吉林长春・期末)Lets thebooks in the bookcasenow.A.to put B.put C.putting D.puts【答案】B【详解句意我们现在就把书放到书架上吧考查动词形式不定式;放,原形;动名词;三单形式.〃让我们做某事〃,to putput puttingputs letsdo sth故选B(七年级上•甘肃定西•期末)
6.23-24the doorplease.It/s toocold.A.Open B.Don/t closeC.Close D.Dont opening【答案】c【详解】句意请把门关上,太冷了考查祈使句和动词辨析Open打开;Dont close不要关;Close关闭;Dont opening语法错误根据〃it,s toocold”可知,太冷了,请关上门故选C(七年级上•天津和平•期末)
7.24-25run in the yard,Tom.It is too dangerous.A.Do B.Dont C.Not D.Doesnt【答案】B【详解】句意汤姆,别在院子里奔跑这很危险考查祈使句根据“…,〃可知,指不要在院子里跑,是否定祈使句,结构run in the yard,Tom.It isto dangerous是动词原形,故选dorft+B(七年级上•天津河东•期末)
8.24-25wake upyour sister,Ben.She needsagoodsleep.A.Dont B.Isnt C.Arent D.Cant【答案】A【详解】句意本,不要吵醒你妹妹她需要好好睡一觉考查否定祈使句不,祈使句的否定形式;难道不,否定疑问句开头;难道不,否定疑问句开Dont IsMtAreMt头;不能,情态动词的否定形式根据题意及句后标点〃.〃可知,此句是否定祈使句,要用动词原CaMt dorft+形故选A(七年级上•江苏宿迁,期末)
9.23-24Hurry up!Its timeEnglish class.Dont late for it!A.to;be B.to have;/C.for;be D.for;/【答案】C【详解】句意快点!该上英语课了,别迟到了!考查固定句型和祈使句第一空,根据可知,此处考查〃该it Its time...English class.”Its timetodosth./for sth.是做某事的时候了”,it固定句型,排除A;第二空,根据dont…latefoE〃可知,这里考查be latefor”迟到〃,形容词短语;句子为祈使句的否定形式,后接动词原形〃〃,排除和故选dont be B DC(七年级下•云南昆明•期末)
10.23-24Tom,listen tomusic.We arehaving classnow.A.dont B.not C.can/t D.no【答案】A【详解】句意汤姆,不要听音乐我们现在正在上课考查祈使句不要;不是;不能;不根据可知,现在在上dont notcant noWe arehaving classnow.”课,课堂上不能听音乐,句式为祈使句的否定形式,故应用don,t+动词原形故选A(七年级下,云南昆明•期末)
11.23-24David,make anynoises inthelibrary.A.cant B.didnt C.doesnt D.dont【答案】D【详解】句意大卫,不要在图书馆里制造噪音考查否定祈使句根据,〃可知,此处指“不要在图书馆里制造噪音〃,为否David,…make anynoises inthelibrary定祈使句,其结构为〃故选dor/t dosth.D(七年级下,天津南开•期末)
12.23-24talking,please.Its timeto startour lesson.A.No B.Dont C.Lets D.Not【答案】A【详解】句意请不要说话到上课的时间了考查祈使句动名词,祈使句否定形式;动词原形,祈使句否定形式;祈使句肯No+DoMt+Lets do/not dosth.,定/否定形式此处是不要说话〃故选No talking”A(七年级下•福建漳州•期中)
13.23-24park herewhen yousee thesign.^^^A.No B.Not C.Dont【答案】C【详解】句意当你看到这个标志时,不要在这里停车考查祈使句根据….〃可知,此处指不要在这里停车,句子是祈使句,祈使句park herewhen yousee thesign的否定形式为动词原形〃,此处应填故选DorVt+Do”t C
14.(23・24七年级下•河北廊坊期中)Work hard,you/ll get good grades.A.and B.so C.or D.but【答案】A【详解】句意努力学习,你就会取得好成绩考查祈使句的用法那么;因此;否则;但是分析可知,‘取得好成绩〃是努力学习〃的结and so or but果,所以此处为〃祈使句陈述句〃句型,其中表示〃那么〃故选+and+and A(•辽宁盘锦•中考真题)
15.2022Dont run inthehallways,you mightget hurt.A.and B.but C.so D.or【答案】D【详解】句意不要在走廊上跑,否则你会受伤的考查连词辨析和;但是;因此;否则本句是,祈使句陈述句〃句式,前后句是转折关and butsoor+and/or+系,应用连接,表“否则,要不然〃故选r D自知识清单情态动词用法考点—.can/could.表示能力,意为“能,会是的过去式,表示过去的能力1could can辨析和的区别can be able to情态动词用法can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时be able to可用于各种时态表示经过努力做成某事只能用be ableto.明天你能把讲座录下来吗?Will yoube ableto camerathe lecturetomorrow.表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中既可以表示过去的可能性,又可以2could表示现在的可能性,其语气更弱一些例句.不可能是这条路This cantbe theright road.表示请求或允许,常用于句型中不表示过去,而是表示委婉的请3“Can/Couldl/you...”could求,但答语只能用can.例一你能帮我做出这道题吗?Could youhelp mework outthe problem是的,可以—YesJ can.二,的用法考点must表示义务,意为“必须”,强调说话人的主观意志l.must例.你必须努力工作You mustwork hard辨析和的区别must have to情态动词用法must“必须”,表示说话人的主观意志;只有这一种形式must必须,不得不”,强调客观需要;有人称、数和时态的变化have to.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋You have to wearsports shoeswhen youclimb amountain表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句可以对现在、过去或将来的情Zmust况进行推测,你一定是一名中学生You mustbe amiddle schoolstudent的否定形式意为禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测表示否定推测时用意
4.must mustntcan*t,为“不可能,,不许把车停在这条街道上You mustntpark yourcar onthis street..由引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用否定回答用,,5must“Yes,••.must*No,...needn t/doii thaveto”考场练兵例一我必须熟记这些单词吗?不用Must Ilearn thesewords byheart—No,you neednt.基础训练
1.—Can thecat climbtrees—Yes,it.A.do B.does C.can D.could【答案】C【详解】句意一一这只猫会爬树吗?一一是的,它可以考查一般疑问句的肯定回答开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用故选Can can C
2.—Can you play volleyball every week——,We play it onWednesdays andSundays.A.Yes,we do B.Yes,we can C.No,we cant【答案】B【详解】句意一一你们每周都能打排球吗?一一是的,我们可以我们在星期三和星期天玩考查情态动词的一般疑问句回答根据〃可知,用回答,而不是can Can you play volleyballevery week cando,排除选项A;根据We play it onWednesdays andSundays.〃可知是肯定回答,故选B
3.—Can youcome tomy birthdayparty一Id loveto,but Icome.A.cant B.do notC.isnt【答案】A【详解】句意一一你能来参加我的生日聚会吗?一一我想去,但是我去不了考查情态动词根据可知,此句表达想去但是不能去,情态动词引导的疑问句,表否定,Td loveto,but I…come.〃不能〃,否定形式故选caMt A
4.—Can you play football—Yes,I.A.do B.can C.am D.does【答案】B【详解】句意一一你会踢足球吗?一一是的,我会考查一般疑问句的回答助动词,用于一般现在时;能够,情态动词;系动词,用于第一人称单数;do canam助动词,用于第三人称单数根据问句可知,句中是用情态动词〃来询问某人does Can you play football”“can是否有能力做某事回答时,应用〃来对应,表达肯定的回答故选“can B
5.—Mary,you speakChinese—Yes,only alittle.A.must B.can C.need【答案】B【详解】句意一一玛丽,你会说中文吗?一一是的,只会一点点考查情态动词辨析must必须,一定;can;能,会;need需要根据〃一Mary,…you speakChinese—Yes,only alittle.”可知,对话询问是否具备说中文的能力可知,要用来提问故选can B
6.—Can Ginaplay thepiano—・But she can play the guitar.A.Yes,she doesB.Yes,she can C.No,she doesnt D.No,she cant【答案】D【详解】句意一一吉娜会弹钢琴吗?一一不,她不会但她会弹吉他考查一般疑问句的回答是的,她不行,一般现在时的一般疑问句;是的,她能,情Yes,she doesYes,she can态动词的一般疑问句;不,她不行,一般现在时的一般疑问句;不,她不能,情态No,she doesMtNo,she carft动词的一般疑问句根据〃〃可知,此句是含情态动词的一般疑问句,肯定回答应用Can Ginaplay thepiano can,结合下文可知,是否定回答故选“But she can play the guitar.”D
7.My mothersing,but she can dance.A.doesnt B.dont C.cant【答案】C【详解】句意我妈妈不会唱歌,但是她会跳舞考查情态动词不,用于第三人称单数现在时;不,用于第
一、二人称或第三人称复数现在时;doesrVt dorVt不会根据〃可知,她不会唱歌故选carft but she can dance C
8.—Tom drawpictures well—Yes,he can.He likesit.A.Can B.May C.Must【答案】A【详解】句意一一汤姆会画画吗?一一是的,他可以他喜欢它考查情态动词能;可能;必须根据〃可知此处询问他能不能画画,表示能力,用can may must Yes,he can故选can Ao
9.You finishyour homeworkbefore youwatch TV.A.must B.can C.may【答案】A【详解】句意在看电视之前,你必须先完成作业考查情态动词必须;能;可能根据〃可知在看电视must can may finishyour homeworkbefore youwatch TV.之前,必须先完成作业故选A
10.—Must Itidy upmy bedroomnow—No,you・The roboticvacuum willclean itup.A.may not B.neednt C.havent to D.mustnt【答案】B【详解】句意一一我现在必须整理我的卧室吗?一一不,你不必扫地机器人会清理干净的考查情态动词用法不能;不必;无此搭配;禁止引导的一般疑问句否may notneednt havent to mustnt must定回答用或故选neednt dont have to,B
11.Everybody driveafter heor shedrinks wine.A.couldnt B.neednt C.may notD.mustnt【答案】D【详解】句意任何人酒后不准驾车考查情态动词辨析不可能;情不必;也许不;禁止,不允许根据couldnt needmay not mustnt Everybody...drive,〃及常识可知,酒后驾车是被禁止的故选after heor shedrinks wineD
12.I cantgo to the party because I do my homework.A.must B.can C.has to【答案】A【详解】句意我不能去参加聚会,因为我必须做作业考查情态动词辨析must必须;can能够;has to不得不^^zzl cantgo to the partybecause I...do my homework〃可知,必须要做作业,所以不能去参加聚会,排除选项根据可知,动词不能用三单,排除选项,故选B ICA
13.You goacross theroad when the redlight ison.Everyone mustobey therule.A.can/tB.neednt C.mustnt D.shouldnt【答案】C【详解】句意红灯时,你禁止过马路每个人必须遵守交通规则考查情态动词辨析不能;不必;表示禁止、不许;不应该根据时间状语从句carft needrftmustrft shouldnt.〃可知,红灯亮时应是禁止过马路故选whenthetraffic light is redC
14.If Godcloses adoor infront ofyou,there bea window opened foryou.A.can B.may C.must【答案】C【详解】句意如果上帝在你面前关上一扇门,那一定有一扇窗为你打开考查情态动词能够;可能;一定can maymust Godcloses adoor infront ofyou,there...bea windowopened for.〃可知,是指如果上帝在你面前关上一扇门,那一定会为你打开一扇窗,此处用you考场练兵基础训练
1.Ifyouwant to haveachat,me up.A.calling B.call C.to callD.will call
2.your homeworkhere tomorrow,Lucy.A.Bring B.Brings C.To bringD.Bringing
3.—Let/stothe zoo!一Im sorry.I mustmyhomeworkfirst.A.going;do B.go;doingC.go;do D.going;doing(沉默的),
4.—silent please!You areinthelibrary.一Im sorry,madam.A.Keep B.To keepC.Keeping D.Kept
5.the windows,Tom.There mightbeaheavy raintonight.A.Remember closingB.Remembering tocloseC.Remembering closingD.Remember toclose
6.carefully,please!Look attheroadsign.There isa schoolahead.A.Drive B.To driveC.Driving D.Drives
7.Bill,talk in class.We mustlisten theteacher.A.doesnt;with B.doesnt;to C.dont;with D.dont;to
8.—Jim,miss thewonderful film.-OK,I.A.dont;will B.doesnt;will C.dont;wontD.doesnt;won/t
9.Daniel,football inthe street.Its toodangerous.A.Play B.doesnt playC.dont playD.plays
10.—lateforschool again,Tim!—Sorry,I belateagain.A.Dont;wont B.Dont be;wontC.Dont be;dont D.Dont;will
11.play theguitar here,Jack.Its toonoisy.A.Cant B.No C.Dont
12.—Millie,lateforschool again.表示肯定的推测故选must C
15.—I swimhere一Im sorry.Children swimalone here.Its verydangerous.A.Must;cant B.May;have notC.Can;mustnt D.Can;neednt【答案】C【详解】句意一一我能在这里游泳吗?一一非常抱歉孩子们禁止独自在这里游泳这非常危险考查情态动词必须;不能;可以,表请求;没有;可以,表请求;禁止;Must carftMay havenot Canmustnt不必根据后句可知,第一空应是表示请求的提问;再根据可知,这里很neednt msorry.”Its verydangerous.危险,故推测第二空是禁止孩子们独自在这里游泳,应用表示〃禁止,不准〃故选mustMtCo
16.My brothernot have to go to school today because its a holiday.A.doesn/t haveB.didnt haveC.wont haveD.doesnt have to【答案】A【详解】句意我弟弟今天不用上学,因为今天是假期考查时态和的用法有;不得不根据〃可知句子用一般现在时,主语是have to have have to todayMy brother,助动词用根据〃可知此处是不必去上学,用doesnt,togo toschool todaybecause itsa holiday.doesnt have to故选A
17.—Must wesing asong atthe party—No,you.A.mustnt B.havent to C.not have to D.don/thave to【答案】D【详解】句意一一我们必须在聚会上唱首歌吗?一一不,你们不必考查情态动词禁止;错误表达;错误表达;不必回答问句否mustnt havent to not have todont have to must定回答一般用故选neednt/dont have to,D
18.—Mum,may Igo tothe partywith myclassmate tonight—Yes,honey,but Im afraid yoube backbefore
10.A.can B.may C.have to【答案】C【详解】句意一一妈妈,我今晚可以和我的同学去参加派对吗?一一是的,亲爱的,但恐怕你得在点前10回来考查情态动词可以,可能,必须,不得不根据可can may have toYes,honey,but Im afraid you…be backbefore知,妈妈在同意孩子去参加派对的同时,也提出了一个条件,即必须在点之前回来,所以应该用10have to故选C
19.—Can Itake thebook outof thereading room一No,you.You readit here.Its therule.A.can;must B.dont have to;mustC.cant;have to D.mustnt;can【答案】C【详解】句意一一我可以把书带出阅览室吗?一一不,你不能你必须在这里阅读这是规则考查情态动词辨析可以;不可以;必须;不需要;必须,不得不;can car/tmustdorTt have tohave to mustr/t禁止.”表示请求允许,否定回答用、根据.〃可知,这是规则要求,表示〃必Can
1..No,you canIts therule须〃故选C
20.It is very warmhere.You wearthe coat.A.must B.dont have to C.have toD.must not【答案】B【详解】句意这里很暖和你不需要穿外套考查情态动词必须;不需要;不得不;表禁止,根据空前的must don/thave tohave to must not It isvery warm〃可知,应该是你不需要穿外套,故选here B提升训练(七年级上•甘肃陇南•期末)一
1.24-25Tom drawpictures well—Yes,he can.He likesit.A.Can B.Does C.Would D.Is【答案】A【详解】句意一一汤姆可以画得好吗?一一是的,他可以他喜欢画画考查一般疑问句及情态动词能;助动词的第三人称单数现在时形式,无含义;将会;Can Doesdo WouldIs是根据可知,空处应提问“汤姆能画得好的吗〃,用情态动词提问故选Yes,he can.”can A
2.(24-25七年级上•吉林长春•期末)一Emma,you playweqi—No,but Iwant tolearn toplayit.A.may B.must C.can D.should【答案】C【详解】句意一一艾玛,你会下围棋吗?一一不会,但我想学习如何玩它考查情态动词辨析可以;必须;能,可以;应该根据〃可知,此maymust can should“Emma,…youplayweqi处是问艾玛会不会下围棋,用表示能力故选can C(七年级上•西藏拉萨•期末)一
3.24-25Can you speak English,Ung ling—Yes,I.A.must B.can C.should D.may【答案】B【详解】句意一一你能说英语吗?一一是的,我能考查情态动词必须;可以;应该;可能根据…〃可知,是在询问对方能否会说mustcanshould may Can you英语,其肯定回答为故选Yes,lean B(七年级上•福建福州,期中)
4.24-25Alice isonly fiveyears old,but sheplay thepiano very well.A.need B.can C.must【答案】B【详解】句意只有五岁,但她可以把钢琴弹得很好Alice考查情态动词辨析需要;可以,能够;一定,必须是转折,前面意思是只有五岁〃,need canmust butAlice那么后面应该是〃但她可以把钢琴弹得很好〃,所以用表示能力故选can,B(七年级下,福建福州•期末)
5.23-24—Your littlebrother ridea bikevery wellnow.—Yes,but hedo itlast year.A.can;could B.could;couldnt C.can;couldnt【答案】C【详解】句意一一你的小弟弟现在可以很好地骑自行车了一一是的,但他去年做不到考查情态动词辨析可以,能够;可以,能够(的过去式);不能根据can could can couldntYes,but he…do itlast.〃可知,第一个空处应表达肯定,并且句中表明句子应用一般现在时;第二个空表达否定,并且句year now中表明句子应用一般过去时故选last yearC
6.(23-24七年级下•江苏徐州・期末)一Could Ismoke here,sir—Sorry,Km afraid you.A.can B.cant C.could D.couldnt【答案】B【详解】句意一一先生,我可以在这里抽烟吗?一一对不起,恐怕你不能考查一般疑问句的回答和情态动词能;不能;能,的过去式;不能,的过去式can carftcould cancouldMt caiYt根据〃可知,开头的疑问句回答时用回答,结合〃可知,空处应是说〃Could Ismoke here,sir Couldcan Sorry”不能〃,用、故选can B(七年级下•湖北孝感•月考)一
7.23-24Tom drawpictures well—Yes,he can.He likesit.A.Can B.MayC.Must D.Need【答案】A【详解】句意一一汤姆可以画得好吗?一一是的,他可以他喜欢它考查情态动词能;可以;必须;需要根据〃.〃可知,空处应提问汤姆能画得Can MayMust NeedYes,he can好的吗,用情态动词提问故选can A(七年级上•上海虹口•期中)
8.24-25To ensurethe safetyof allstudents,the schoolhas arule thatyouleave the classroom duringthe classwithout permission.A.must B.mustnt C.dont have toD.can【答案】B【详解】句意为了确保所有学生的安全,学校有一条规定,上课期间未经允许,你不得离开教室考查情态动词必须;禁止,不允许;不必;可以根据must mustntdont have to canTo ensurethe safetyof all及可知,上课期间未经允许,禁止离开教室,符合语境students without permission”mustnt故选Bo(七年级下•河北保定•期末)
9.23-24Before wecross theroad,we stop and look both ways.A.may B.may notC.must D.mustnt【答案】C【详解】句意在过马路之前,我们必须停下来观察马路两边考查情态动词辨析可能;可能不;必须;禁止根据.〃may may notmustmustt“we...stopand lookboth ways可知,此处表示必须〃停下来故选C(七年级下•湖北武汉•期末)
10.23-24He listen totheteacher carefully inclass.A.has B.have to C.must D.must to【答案】c【详解】句意上课时他必须认真听老师讲课考查情态动词有;不得不,有人称、时态和单复数的变化;必须,没有人称和数的变化;has haveto must错误形式根据.〃可知,此处表示他必须上课认真听老师讲must to“He...listen totheteacher carefullyinclass课,主语是三单空处用表示〃必须〃,后直接跟动词原形故选He,must C(七年级下•上海徐汇•期末)—
11.23-24I waterthese plantsand flowersevery day—No,you neednt.A.Must B.Can C.May D.Will【答案】A【详解】句意一一我必须每天给这些花草浇水吗?一一不,你不需要考查情态动词必须;能;可能;将会根据答语〃可知,此处用情态动词Must CanMay Will“No,you needntMust开头的一般疑问句,意为〃必须〃符合语境,表达我必须每天给这些花草浇水吗故选A(七年级下,山东临沂•期末)
12.23-24Nancy doesntget upso earlyon theweekend.A.need B.must C.haveto【答案】C【详解】句意南希没有必要在周末起的如此早考查情态动词需要;必须;不得不情态动词否定应直接加的否定为need must havetonot,need neednt,must的否定形式为排除、没有必要〃符合语境故选mustnt,A B,doesnt havetoC(七年级下,福建泉州•期末)(校服).
13.23-24—Mom,I dontwant togo toschool withthat uniform—But you,honey.Its arule,you knowthat.A.havetoB.can C.may【答案】A【详解】句意一一-妈妈,我不想穿这身校服去上学一一但你必须这么做,亲爱的这是规则,你知道的考查动词辨析不得不,必须;可以;也许根据〃可知,是规定,必须穿校服,故选havetocanmay Its arule A(七年级下•四川成都•期末)
14.23-24—Linda,can yougo outwith menow一Imafraid I do the dishesfirst.A.can B.could C.haveto【答案】C【详解】句意一一琳达,你现在能和我一起出去吗?一一恐怕我得先洗碗考查情态动词能;不得不根据〃可知不得不先洗碗故选can HL;could havetomafraidI…dothe dishes firstCo(七年级下•江苏•月考)
15.23-24—Could youjoin usthis afternoon—Sorry,I.I_take careof mylittle sisterbecause my mother is out.A.can/t;may B.couldnt;havetoC.cant;havetoD.couldnt;may【答案】C【详解】句意一一今天下午你能加入我们吗?一一对不起,我不能我不得不照顾我的小妹妹,因为我母亲外出了根据是询问是否能做某事,表示征询意见,如果允许,用不允许用Could youjoin usthis afternooncan,cant可以;不得不;根据表示不允许,故用知母亲外出,他不得mayhaveto sorrycarft because mymother isout.nJ不照顾他的妹妹,故用故选haveto C—Sorry,I.A.dont;am notB.wont be;dont C.don/tbe;wont D.won/tbe;won/t
13.Take theexamwithgreatcare,you wontget agood mark.A.if B.unless C.or D.and
14.Dont beafraid tomake mistakes,you/ll neverreally learnthe language.A.and B.or C.so D.but
15.Smile atthe world,the worldwill smileback toyou.A.but B.so C.and D.for提升训练(七年级上•吉林•阶段练习)
1.24-25Its timeclass.Lets English!A.to;read B.for,reading C.to;reading D.for,read(七年级下•四川广元•期末)
2.23-24quiet,please.You areinthelibrary.A.Keep B.To keepC.Keeping D.Keeps(七年级下•广西南宁,期末)
3.23-24When youcross theroad,please!A.be carefulB.hurry upC.stand up(七年级上•上海青》甫•期末)
4.23-24me someicing sugarand chocolatepowder,please.A.Pass B.Passing C.Passed D.To pass(七年级上,吉林长春•期末)
5.23-24Lets thebooks inthe bookcasenow.A.to putB.put C.putting D.puts(七年级上•甘肃定西•期末)
6.23-24thedoorplease.Its toocold.A.Open B.Dont closeC.Close D.Dont opening(七年级上•天津和平•期末)
7.24-25runinthe yard,Tom.It istoodangerous.A.Do B.Dont C.Not D.Doesnt(七年级上•天津河东•期末)
8.24-25wake upyour sister,Ben.She needsagoodsleep.A.Don/tB.Isnt C.Aren/tD.Cant(七年级上•江苏宿迁•期末)
9.23-24Hurry up!Its timeEnglish class.Dont latefor it!A.to;beB.tohave;/C.for;be D.for;/
10.(23-24七年级下•云南昆明•期末)Tom,_______listentomusic.We arehaving classnow.A.don/tB.not・cant D.noC________make anynoises inthelibrary.(七年级下•云南昆明•期末)
11.23-24David,_・doesntD.don,tA.cant B.didnt C_talking,please.Itstimeto startour lesson.
12.(23-24七年级下•天津南开・期末)_____.Lets D.Not(七年级下,福建漳州•期中)
13.23-24park herewhen yousee thesign.^^^A.No B.Not C.Dont(七年级下•河北廊坊期中)
14.23-24Work hard,youll getgood grades.A.and B.so C.or D.but(•辽宁盘锦•中考真题)
15.2022Dont runinthehallways,you mightget hurt.A.and B.but C.so D.or自知识清单情态动词用法考点—.can/could.表示能力,意为“能,会是的过去式,表示过去的能力1couldcan辨析和的区别can be ableto情态动词用法can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时be ableto可用于各种时态表7K经过努力做成某事只能用be ableto.明天你能把讲座录下来吗?Will youbeableto camerathe lecturetomorrow.表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中既可以表示过去的可能性,又可以2could表示现在的可能性,其语气更弱一些例句.不可能是这条路This cantbe theright road.表示请求或允许,常用于句型中不表示过去,而是表示委婉的请3“Can/Couldl/you...”could求,但答语只能用can.例一你能帮我做出这道题吗Could youhelp mework outthe problem是的,可以—YesJ can.二.的用法考点must表示义务,意为“必须”,强调说话人的主观意志l.must例.你必须努力工作You mustwork hard辨析和的区别musthaveto情态动词用法must“必须”,表示说话人的主观意志;只有这一种形式musthave to“必须,不得不”,强调客观需要;有人称、数和时态的变化.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋You haveto wearsports shoeswhen youclimb amountain表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句可以对现在、过去或将来的情
2.must况进行推测.你一定是一名中学生You mustbeamiddle schoolstudent的否定形式意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测表示否定推测时用意
3.must mustiftcan1,为“不可能,,不许把车停在这条街道上You mustntpark yourcar onthis street.
4.由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用“Yes,•••must,否定回答用H No,...needn,t/don,thaveto”例一我必须熟记这些单词吗?Must Ilearn thesewords byheart不用—No,you neednt.回考场绘兵基础训练
1.—Can thecat climbtrees—Yes,it________A.do B.does C.can D.could
2.—Can youplayvolleyballeveryweek——,We playit onWednesdays andSundays.A.Yes,we doB.Yes,we can C.No,we cant
3.—Can youcome tomy birthdayparty一Id loveto,but Icome.A.cant B.do notC.isnt
4.—Canyouplayfootball-Yes,I.A.doB.can C.am D.does
5.—Mary,youspeakChineseA.must B.can C.need—Yes,only alittle.
6.—Can Ginaplaythepiano—.But she can playtheguitar.A.Yes,she doesB.Yes,shecan C.No,she doesntD.No,she cant
7.My mothersing,but shecandance.A.doesnt B.dont C.cant
8.—Tom drawpictures well—Yes,hecan.He likesit.A.Can B.May C.Must
9.You finishyour homeworkbefore youwatch TV.A.must B.canC.may
10.—Must Itidy upmy bedroomnow—No,you,The roboticvacuum willclean itup.A.may notB.needn/tC.haventtoD.mustnt
11.Everybody driveafter heor shedrinks wine.A.couldnt B.neednt C.may notD.mustnt
12.I can/tgo tothe partybecauseI domyhomework.A.must B.canC.has to
13.You goacross theroad whenthe redlightison.Everyone mustobey therule.A.cant B.neednt C.mustnt D.shouldnt
14.If Godcloses adoor infront ofyou,there beawindowopenedforyou.A.can B.may C.must
15.—I swimhere一Im sorry.Children swimalone here.Its verydangerous.A.Must;cant B.May;have notC.Can;mustnt D.Can;neednt
16.My brothernothavetogo toschooltodaybecauseitsaholiday.A.doesnt haveB.didnt haveC.wont haveD.doesnt haveto
17.—Must wesing asong atthe party—No,you.A.mustnt B.haventtoC.nothavetoD.dont haveto
18.—Mum,mayIgotothepartywith myclassmate tonight—Yes,honey,but Imafraidyoube backbefore
10.A.can B.mayC.haveto
19.—Can Itake thebook outof thereading room—No,you readit here.It/s therule.A.can;must B.dont haveto;mustC.cant;havetoD.mustnt;can
20.Itisverywarmhere.You wearthe coat.A.must B.dont havetoC.havetoD.mustnot
1.(24-25七年级上•甘肃陇南•期末)Tom drawpictures well提升训练A.Can B.Does C.Would D.Is
2.(24-25七年级上•吉林长春•期末)—Emma,youplayweqi—Yes,hecan.He likesit.A.may B.must C.can D.should—No,but Iwant tolearn toplayit.
3.(24-25七年级上•西藏拉萨・期末)—Canyouspeak English,Ling lingA.must B.canC.should D.may一Yes,I
4.(24-25七年级上•福建福州•期中)Alice isonly fiveyears old,butsheplaythepiano verywell.A.need B.canC.must
5.(23-24七年级下•福建福州•期末)—Your littlebrother ridea bikeverywellnow.—Yes,but hedo itlast year.A.can;could B.could;couldnt C.can;couldnt(七年级下•江苏徐州•期末)
6.23-24—Could Ismoke here,sirA.can B.cant C.could D.couldnt
7.(23-24七年级下湖北孝感,月考)一Tom drawpictures well—Sorry,Km afraidyou—Yes,hecan.He likesit.A.Can B.MayC.Must D.Need(七年级上•上海虹口期中)
8.24-25♦To ensurethe safetyof allstudents,the schoolhas arule thatyouA.must B.mustnt C.dont havetoD.can
9.(23-24七年级下•河北保定・期末)Before wecross theroad,we stopandlookbothways.leave theclassroom duringtheclasswithoutpermission.(七年级下,湖北武汉,期末)
10.23-24He listentotheteachercarefullyinclass.A.has B.havetoC.must D.must to(七年级下•上海徐汇•期末)一
11.23-24I waterthese plantsand flowersevery day—No,you neednt.A.Must B.Can C.May D.Will
12.(23-24七年级下•山东临沂・期末)Nancy doesntget upso earlyon theweekend.A.need B.must C.haveto(七年级下•福建泉州•期末)(校服).
13.23-24—Mom,I dontwanttogotoschool withthat uniform—But you,honey.Its arule,you knowthat.A.havetoB.canC.may
14.(23・24七年级下•四川成都•期末)—Linda,can yougo outwith menow一ImafraidIdothedishesfirst.A.can B.could C.haveto(七年级下•江苏•月考)
15.23-24—Could youjoin usthis afternoon—Sorry,I.I_take careof mylittle sisterbecausemymotherisout.A.can/t;may B.couldnt;havetoC.can/t;havetoD.couldnt;mayA.may B.maynotC.must D.mustnt专题祈使句和情态动词03自知识清单祈使句祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子常省略主语,谓语动词用原形肯定的祈使句
1.
①句型动词原形+其他成分小心!Be careful!
②祈使句表示一种强烈的感情或请求,起强调作用Do+do
③用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余please please部分隔开请关门Close thedoor,please..否定的祈使句2
①常用句型,动词原形+其他成分Don t+别再迟到了!Dont belate fbrschool again!
②用开头动词原形+其他成分Never Never+引导的祈使句
3.Let以开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议其否定形式有两种或
二、Let LeJnotDont..祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换动词原形+其他可转换为动词原形+其他?
1.Lefs+Shall we+祈使句简单句可转换为含引导的条件状语从句的复合句
2.+and/or+if
三、祈使句的应答语.以开头的祈使句,其答语常用等1Lets Goodidea./OK./Yes,Id loveto..其他肯定祈使句的应答语为;否定祈使句的应答语为2Yes,I will.Sorry/No,I won\do itagain0。
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