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第讲（原卷版）-【帮课堂】学02Unitl Grammar2022-2023年高二英语同步精品讲义（译林版选择性必修第一册）2020航语法梳理动词不定式作主语♦动词不定式具有名词特征，可充当主语（做主语时谓语动词用单数形式）LTo seeis to believe.To say is onething andto dois another.注单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；两个及以上不定式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但作为一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式到哪里去度假以及何时去度假还没有决定Where to go on a holidayand when togofor the holidaydecide.到哪里去，何时去度假还没有决定Where andwhentogo on a holidaydecide.【答案】have not been decidedhasnotbeendecided.动词不定式句子的主语时可以用形式主语代替，将不定式置于句末，平衡句子结构2itIt isa shame to litter.It isa privilegeto meetyou.在某些形容词如careless,clever,considerate,foolish,good,impolite,kind,naughty,nice,silly,stupid等作表语时，不定式后可以加来引导出其逻辑主语ofIt isvery kindof youto tellme thetruth.It isstupid ofhim to do sucha sillything.C.to listenD.Listening
9.Your cousinis saida newcomputer programrecently,but doyou knowwhen hewillfinish itA.to designB.designingC.to havebeen designingD.to havedesigned
10.That gaspipeline project,in July2020and in2023,will benefitseveralcities alongthe easterncoast.A.starting;completing B.started:to becompletedC.to start;completed D.starting;completed
11.The sportmeet next week isof greatimportance.A.holding B.being heldC.to beheld D.Held
12.at acollege oruniversity inthe USA,Chinese andother internationalstudents mustdemonstrate astrongability inspoken andwritten English.A.Having beenaccepted B.To beacceptedC.Being acceptedD.Accepted
13.Dont belate.No onewould like.A.to bekept waitingB.being keptwaitingC.to bekept to wait D.being kepttowait一
14.What doyou thinkof yourtrip toPanshan一Everything isvery fantastic,especially itsfresh air.It ispleasant.A.breathed B.being breathedC.to bebreathed D.to breatheB.
15.True friendsare peoplewho faceextreme hardshipto saveeach other.A.are aboutto B.are blindto C.are willingto D.are likelyto作为形式主语时，常见句型
3.it（）（修饰物）It+be+adj.+for sbto do sth adj（）（修饰人）It+be+adj.+of sbto dosth adj几+It+be+to dosthIt takes/took/will takesb sometime/money todosth.动词不定式句子的主语时，若其后面需要用动词作表语时，则作表语的动词也最好使用不4定式形式，保持形式一致todois todoTo saveme is to saveyourself.救我也是救你自己动词不定式句子的主语时，会有时态、语态的变化It isa greathonor for meto be invitedhere today.今天我很荣幸被邀请到这里Her birthdayparty is to beheld nextFriday.她的生日将于下周五举行动词不定式作表语♦动词丕定式做表语直接用在系动词之后，.一起解释说明的作用，其主语通赏是㈤风则切出叫
1.等表示意向、打算、计戈的词dream,duty,goal,idea,intention,plan,purpose,task,way,wish llHisaim isto studyabroad inthe nearfuture.The mostimportant thingistonegotiate withthem about the price.What Iwant tosayisto forgetall theunhappy experience.动向定式做表语用在等之后
2.15seem,appear,remain,prove,turn outSeveralproblems remainto besettled.有几个问题有待解决.用于表达想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等如3（表约定）We areto meetat thestation at there.（表可能性）How arewe toconvince him（表命令）You areto comewhen Icall.「疑问词+不定式”也可以用作表语4The questionis howto carryouttheplan.问题是如何实施这项计划All youshould donow isdevote yourselfto studyinghard.你现在应该做的事就是投入到刻苦的学习当中注意动词不定式作表语时，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的She isto blame.她应该受到责备The houseistorent.此房出租不定式的完成式和进行式♦）构成1完成式to+have done进行式to+be doing）用法2完成式如果不定式所表示的动作（状态）发生在主要谓语动作之前初中英语语法总结，那么不定式就要用其完成式进行式如果主要谓语动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在发生，那么不定式就要用其进行式例如l.She feelsrelaxed to have finishedwriting herthesis beforethe deadline.
2.The Vikingsare believedto havediscovered America.
3.When youcalled melast night,I happenedto beworking onthe computer.不定式的被动形式♦当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动形式，包括它的一般式和完成式例如
1.For twelveyears,Spanish censorshipdid notallow Lorcasname to be mentionedand hiswork to bepublished.
2.The snowwas supposedto havebeen blownoff the mountain.不定式的否定形式♦否定形式是在不定式的标志前加例如to not
1.1decided not to askhim again.
2.Please remembernotto leave thelights onwhen youare out.趣,即时训练（预防新的病毒）
1.is noteasy.（成为一个工程师）.
2.Dora dreams（下一步该做什么）.
3.1wonder（被北京大学录取）.
4.Her wishis（错失了这么好的机会）.
5.1am sorry（了——个愚蠢的错误）.
6.She wasashamed59单句改错m
1.When Ihanded thereport toJohn,he said that Georgewas theperson tosend it.
2.The teacherasked usdont makeso muchnoise inthe library.
3.Its aproblem thatdoesnt needto solveright now.
4.rd ratherhave a room ofmy ownthan sharingaroomwith someoneelse.
5.Tm goingto Xiannext week.Do youhave anythingto taketo yourparents
6.The meetingtaking placenextweekis sureto bea greatsuccess.羔分层提分test out,come across,originate from,set off,
1.In Shanghai,some ofthe publicbuses beginto runon electricityin anattempt lesscarbondioxide.
2.With therequest ofgoing abroadfor furtherstudy,Lucy feltdisappointed andhad noidea whatto donext.
3.Traditional ChineseMedicine,ancient Chinesewisdom,has gainedadvanced developmentandspread aroundthe world.
4.The droughtand floodslast yearan alarmabout thethreat thatglobal warmingposes.
5.A concreteplan astring ofspecific actionshelps youto gainefficiency andachieveyour goals.
6.This newlydeveloped modelbefore itwas putinto massproduction,which mightensurea gooduser experience.
7.His accountthat ofthe otherwitness andyet hisstory had,forme,a ringof truth.
8.When complicatedproblems,he wouldremain cooland tryto handlethem in a creativeway.句型转换II（用不定工（改写）
9.In2012,Liu Yangbecame Chinasfirst femaleastronaut whotravelled intospace.In2012,Liu Yangbecame Chinasfirst femaleastronaut space.（句型转换）
10.It seemedthat wehad experiencedfour seasonsin aday.We seemedfour seasonsinaday.（用适当的非谓语动词
11.Mike has a lotof travelexperience andhe wantsto sharewith hisfriends.改写句子）Mike hasa lotof travelexperience（用动词不定式改写）
12.It is saidthathe hasbeen told about the news.to doHeis saidtoldabout thenews.用动词不定式改写
13.It happenedthat youhad knowneach other before.to doYouhappened eachotherbefore.同
14.Since youare interested in traditionalChinese culture,I thinkthis festivalis worthexperiencing.义句转换Because ofyour interestin traditionalChinese culture,I thinkit isworthwhile thisfestival.
15.He showedme howI canstart theonline tour.同义句转换He showedme theonline tour.汉译英m该计划旨在为年轻人提供工作；
16.design provide将任何事做好的关键是有一个积极的态度
17.the keyto这个活动的目的是提高人们的环保意识不定式作表语
18.他们用鲜花和气球装饰房间，来庆祝玛丽的生日；
19.decorate soas to我发现住在学校附近非常方便
20.find用单词的适当形式完成句子IV遗产.
21.Proper measuresshould betaken immediatelyprotectour culturalheritage
22.The planecrashed into themountain,but thepilot managedsurvive.
23.The T-shirt is saidexport to a second-hand marketcalled Yabamarket inLagos,Nigeria lastweek.
24.I cantstandwork withJane inthe sameoffice.She justrefusesstop talkingwhile sheworks.
25.In addition,planting treeshelps improveandbeauty theenvironment.
26.He wenttoabank changesome notes.
27.Hackers aresaidstart acomputer virus.
28.Some booksbuy,I wenttothebookshop afterschool.
29.These disastersmade everyonesad anddisappoint,but thedesire explorethe universenever died.
30.What Iwant todo ishavea goodrest.
31.Bob isstrong enoughthe heavybox.carry
32.Doctor Lipersuaded megiveup smokingand shealso persuadedme intotake upsports tokeepfit.用单词的适当形式完成短文V阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容每空一词或括号内单词的正确形式“I cameto Xianwhen1was18years old,“said Sema,a womanfrom Turkey,33is fluentinChinese and she givesherself aChinese name,Nv Zi.34live inXian foreight yearsmakes hervery familiarwith Xian cuisine.Her husbandisfrom Xian,and theirson is11months old.Nv Ziis35current apostgraduate studyingcomparativeeducation atShanxi NormalUniversity.In herspare time,she isinterestedinfood andhopes tobecomea foodblogger.Nv Zihasafood workshopat herhome,36all kindsof kitchentools,as wellas37equipfor shootingfood videos,such asspecial lights,cameras andtripods.Nv Ziopened aDouyin account38introduce andrecommend thecuisine ofher hometownto Chinesenetizens.Regularly,she39performChinese foodto Turks.During gatherings,she oftencooks Xian food,such asbiangbiang noodles,spicysoup,and paomo.Although she40be tomany placesin Chinaand tried41wide varietyof food,herfavorite isXian cuisine.In herview,the foodof Xianis like42it people-simple andenthusiastic.“As aTurk,I likeXians food,history andculture”.羔语法加练补充练习单项选择一
1.Is Rachelstill performing一Im afraidnot.She issaid thestage alreadyas shehas becomean official.A.toleaveB.left C.to haveleft D.LeavingB.
2.Much disappointedas hewas inthe jobinterview,he stillhad greatconfidence inhisabilities.A.to havefailed B.to failC.having failedD.Failing
3.I wouldlike totheholidaywith you,but Iwas reallybusy lastweek.A.spend B.spending C.have spentD.having spent
4.Mr Liissaidabroad butI dontknow whichcountry hestudied in.A.to studyB.to havestudied C.tobestudying D.having studied
5.Mr Liissaidabroad butI dontknow whichcountry heis studyingin.A.to studyB.to havestudied C.tobestudying D.having studied
6.The oldman lookedup towardsthe moonand seemed,judging fromhis facialexpression,of hisfamily.A.to thinkB.thinking C.tohavethought D.tobethinking
7.In thepast,travellers fromEurope toIndonesia monthsat sea,but nowwe justhaveto sitonaplane fora fewhours,so insome waysthe planetseems to.A.have spent,get smallerB.would havespent,begetting smallC.had spent,get smallerD.spent,be gettingsmaller
8.Laura pretendscarefully,but infact sheis thinkingaboutthecoming holiday.A.tobelistening B.having listened用括号中所给单词的正确形式补全句子I
1.Her husbandandsheare nowat workonanew dictionarypublishnext year.
2.Frankly speaking,I wouldrathergive upthe jobthando somethingillegal.
3.The thiefwas seenbreakinto thehouse,and thepeople calledthe police.
4.While manyyoung kidsare keenon watchingcartoons,little Jackprefercollect coins.
5.Though hehad oftenmade hislittle sistercry,today hewas madecryby hislittle sister.
6.Tu Youyouis thefirst Chinesewoman scientistawardthe NobelPrize.
7.Medical teamsare reportedsendto isolatedvillages tohelp peoplefight againstthe coldsnap inEurope.
8.He wasthe firstarriveattheend ofthe line.
9.The bossforbids hisemployeesuse mobilephones duringworking hours.
10.That isthe onlyway wecan imaginereducethe overuseof waterin students*12345678910bathrooms.根据中文提示用动词不定式形式完成句子II题组基础过关练A选用适当的单词或短语，用其适当的形式补全句子Iturn...down,give off,be madeup of,conflict with,。
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