托福阅读试题及答案

托福阅读试题及答案

一、托福阅读考试概述托福阅读考试共包含3篇学术性文章，每篇700词左右，题目数量约54-56题，考试时长60-80分钟（含加试）题目类型主要分为单项选择、多项选择、判断、简答四大类，考查学生对文章细节理解、推理判断、词汇辨析及主旨归纳能力以下为模拟试题及参考答案，供备考练习

二、单项选择题（30题，每题1分）

（一）事实信息题（10题）说明根据文章内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最符合题干要求的一项Passage1The Originsof AgricultureThetransition fromhunting andgathering to agriculture,known asthe NeolithicRevolution,occurred around10,000BCEin multipleregions worldwide,including theFertile Crescent,East Asia,and Mesoamerica.While theoriesvary,mostscholars agreethat agricultureemerged duetoacombinationof environmentaland socialfactors.One keyfactor wasclimate change.After thelast IceAge,glaciers retreated,leaving warmer,more stableconditions.This allowedfor the growth of wild grains,such aswheat andbarley,which hadpreviously beenlimited bycoldtemperatures.As thesegrains becamemore abundant,earlyhumans beganto observetheir growthcycles,leading tointentionalplanting.第1页共8页Social changesalso playeda role.As populationsgrew,theneed forreliable food sources increased.Gathering wildplantsbecame lessefficient,and somegroups startedtosettle inone place,allowing formore organizedfarming.Over time,humans developedtools likesickles andplows tocultivatelarger areas,and eventually,domesticated animalswereused topull plows,further increasingproductivity.According to the passage,what wasa directresult oftheretreat ofglaciers after the IceAgeA Theextinction ofwild animalspeciesB Theabundance ofwild grainsC The development of metaltoolsD Thedecline ofhuman populationsWhydid earlyhumans startto observethe growthcycles ofwild grainsA Theyneeded toavoid competitionwith othergroups forfoodBGlaciers haddestroyed mosthunting groundsCThe grainshad becomemore availablein largerquantitiesD Theywere tryingto moveto newregionsWhat doesthe passagesuggest about the transitiontoagricultureA Ithappened suddenlyin allregionsB Itrequired changesin bothenvironment andsocialbehavior第2页共8页C It was causedsolely bythe inventionof plowsDIt wasfirst attemptedin Mesoamerica

（二）词汇题（10题）说明根据上下文，选择与划线单词意思最接近的一项The wordabundant in paragraph2is closestin meaningto______.A rareB plentifulC edibleD seasonalThe word intentionalin paragraph2is closestin meaningto______.A accidentalB plannedC urgentD scientificTheword reliableinparagraph3is closestin meaningto______.A steadyB simpleC expensiveD portable

（三）推理题（5题）说明根据文章内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以合理推断出的一项What can be inferredaboutthedevelopmentoftools intheNeolithic RevolutionATools werefirst usedin EastAsiaB Toolsallowed humansto farmlarger areasCMetal toolswere developedbefore stonetoolsD Tool-making wasthe onlyreason foragricultureThe passageimplies thatthegrowthofwildgrains aftertheIce Age______.A ledto theextinction ofcertain animalspecies第3页共8页B madegathering lessimportant forsurvivalC causedsocial conflictsbetween groupsDwas limitedtotheFertile Crescent

（四）句子简化题（3题）说明从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出与原文划线句子意思最接近的一项Original sentence:As populationsgrew,the needforreliable foodsources increased,making gatheringwild plantslessefficient.A Whenpopulations increased,gathering became lessefficient,so peopleneeded morefood.B Largerpopulations requiredmore reliablefood,andgathering wasno longerefficient enough.C Aspeople gatheredmore plants,their populationsgrew andfoodbecamelessreliable.D Populationgrowth madegathering efficient,but peoplestillneeded morefoodsources.

（五）指代题（2题）说明选择划线单词或短语所指代的内容Thewordtheir inparagraph3refers to______.A earlyhumans BwildgrainsC environmentalchanges Dsocialgroups

三、多项选择题（20题，每题2分）

（一）总结题（10题，6选3）第4页共8页说明从A、B、C、D、E、F六个选项中选出3个最能概括文章主要内容的选项，多选、少选均不得分Passage2The WaterCycleThe water cycle describesthe continuousmovement ofwater on,above,and belowthe Earth’s surface.It involvesseveralkey processes:evaporation,condensation,precipitation,andrunoff.Evaporation occurswhen thesun heatswater,turning liquidwaterinto watervapor,which risesinto theatmosphere.Asthe vapor cools,it condensesinto tinywater droplets,forming clouds.When thesedroplets becomeheavy enough,theyfall asprecipitation—rain,snow,sleet,or hail.Precipitation caneither soakinto theground infiltrationorrun offthe surfaceinto rivers,lakes,or oceans,completing thecycle.Additionally,some waterseeps deepunderground,becoming groundwater,which eventuallyflowsback tothe surfacethrough springsor istaken upby plantsandreleased asvapor throughtranspiration aprocesssimilar toevaporation.The water cycle isvital forlife onEarth,as itdistributesfreshwater,regulates climate,and supportsecosystems.Humanactivities,such asdeforestation andpollution,can disruptthecycle,affecting wateravailability forfuturegenerations.Which threeoptions bestsummarize thepassage第5页共8页A The water cycleinvolves evaporation,condensation,andprecipitation.B Humanactivities haveno impacton thewater cycle.CThewater cycleincludes processeslike infiltrationandrunoff.D Thewatercycleis drivenby windand oceancurrents.E Precipitationcanberain,snow,sleet,or hail.F Thewatercycleis essentialfor supportinglife onEarth.

（二）插入句子题（10题，4选1）说明将划线句子插入到文中合适的位置（A、B、C、D），使上下文连贯Original sentence:This watervapor thentravels longdistanceswith windcurrents.A[Paragraph1:Thewatercycle describesthe continuousmovement...]First sentenceB[Paragraph1:...surface.It involvesseveral keyprocesses:evaporation,condensation,precipitation,andrunoff.]After evaporationC[Paragraph1:...atmosphere.As thevaporcools,itcondenses...]After atmosphereD[Paragraph2:...oceans,completing thecycle.]BeforeAdditionally

四、判断题（20题，每题1分）说明根据文章内容，判断下列陈述是T（正确）、F（错误）还是NG（未提及）第6页共8页Passage3The Silk RoadThe Silk Road wasan ancientnetwork oftrade routesconnectingChina tothe Mediterraneanregion.Itwasnot asingleroad buta seriesof pathsused forover2,000years.Traders exchangedgoods likesilk,spices,and gold,as wellasideas,religions,and technologies.The SilkRoad wasa singleroad thatstretched fromChina toEurope.Trade on the SilkRoad endedafterthefall ofthe RomanEmpire.Traders onthe SilkRoad onlyexchanged physicalgoods.

五、简答题（2题，每题5分）说明根据文章内容，用不超过150字的简短英文回答问题What werethe twomain typesof exchangeontheSilkRoad,besides goodsWhyis theSilkRoadconsidered significantin worldhistory参考答案

一、单项选择题B

2.C

3.B

4.B

5.B

6.A

7.B

8.B

9.B

10.A

二、多项选择题A,C,F

12.C（注其他题目需根据原文逻辑判断插入位置，此处以12题为例）

三、判断题F

14.NG

15.F

四、简答题第7页共8页Ideas,religions,and technologies.It connectedregions forover2,000years,exchanging goods,ideas,and technologies,shaping worldhistory.说明本试题参考托福阅读考试题型设计及难度，答案仅供练习参考实际备考中建议结合TPO（TOEFL PracticeOnline）真题进行针对性训练，提升解题速度与准确率第8页共8页。