英汉互译试题及答案

英汉互译试题及答案

一、文档说明本试题涵盖英汉互译基础能力测试，包含单项选择、多项选择、判断及简答四种题型，共72题（含2道简答题），适合英语学习者日常练习或备考使用试题内容注重基础词汇、语法知识及翻译策略的综合应用，答案部分标注明确，方便对照学习

二、单项选择题（共30题，每题1分）（选择最符合题意的选项，将字母填入括号内）He insistedwe______his plan.A.approve B.agree C.confirm D.consentThe companyis______to expandits businessoverseas.A.determining B.deciding C.planning D.intendingIt’s important to______between factand opinion.A.distinguish B.separate C.differ D.tellThe meetingwas putoff______the chairman’s absence.A.because B.due to C.since D.asI’ll neverforget theday______we firstmet.A.when B.where C.which D.on thatShe______to havefinished thework byFriday.A.promised B.committed C.ensured D.guaranteedThe book______me20yuan.A.cost B.took C.spent D.paidHe triedto______his mistake,but no one believedhim.A.hide B.cover C.avoid D.escapeThe teamworked hard,______they failedto win the game.第1页共11页A.but B.however C.yet D.althoughWe needto______a solutionto this problem quickly.A.come upwith B.put upwith C.keep upwith D.catch upwithThis is thefirst timeI______such abeautiful view.A.see B.saw C.have seenD.had seenThe teacher askedus to______the newwords inour notebooks.A.write downB.take downC.put downD.get downShe has a gift______music.A.for B.in C.on D.withI would rather______at homethan goout tonight.A.stay B.to stayC.staying D.stayedThe experiment______by thestudents yesterday.A.did B.was doneC.has doneD.will bedoneHe______in thiscity forten years.A.lives B.lived C.has livedD.is livingThelittle girlis afraid______dogs.A.of B.toC.with D.aboutWe should______the environment.A.protect B.save C.keep D.preserveThis isthe bestfilm______I have ever seen.A.which B.that C.what D.whomHe______to mefor beinglate.A.apologized B.said sorryC.spoke sorryD.told sorryThe meeting willstart______9:00a.m.______Friday.第2页共11页A.at;on B.in;in C.at;in D.on;atShe______a letterwhen Icalled.A.wrote B.writes C.was writingD.is writingHe is interested in______basketball.A.play B.playing C.to playD.playedThe problemis______difficult forme to solve alone.A.so B.too C.very D.quiteWe needto______more attentionto thedetails.A.pay B.give C.make D.takeHe______to theparty,but he didn’t come.A.was invitedB.invited C.is invitedD.invitesThis isthe house______I wasborn.A.where B.which C.that D.in whichShe has twochildren,______are studyingat college.A.both of them B.both ofwhom C.both ofwhich D.bothI______this bookfor aweek.A.borrowed B.lent C.kept D.boughtThe company______a newproduct lastmonth.A.launched B.started C.began D.made

三、多项选择题（共20题，每题2分）（下列各题均有多个正确选项，多选、少选、错选均不得分）下列句子翻译正确的有（）A.他不仅聪明，而且勤奋（Not onlyis heclever,but alsoheis hardworking.）B.这本书值得一读（This bookis worthreading.）第3页共11页C.我宁愿在家看书也不愿出去（I preferreading athome togoingout.）D.他已经离开这个城市三年了（He hasleft thecity forthreeyears.）下列翻译中存在语法错误的有（）A.她每天花一小时练习英语（She spendsone hourpracticingEnglish everyday.）B.这个问题很难，我解决不了（This problemis toodifficultfor metosolveit.）C.我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人（We shouldhelp thosewhoneed help.）D.他直到雨停才离开（He didn’t leaveuntil therainstopped.）下列句子中，“把”字句翻译正确的有（）A.他把作业做完了（He finishedhis homework.）B.妈妈把房间打扫干净了（Mom cleanedthe room.）C.老师把重点标出来了（The teachermarked thekey points.）D.我把书借给了他（I lentmy bookto him.）下列句子中，涉及“比较结构”翻译的有（）A.他比我高（He istaller thanme.）B.这本书不如那本书有趣（This bookis notas interestingasthat one.）C.这个城市比我想象的大（This cityis biggerthan Ithought.）D.他跑得最快（He runsthe fastest.）第4页共11页下列句子翻译中，“it”作形式主语的有（）A.很重要的是要遵守规则（It is importanttofollow therules.）B.看起来要下雨了（It seemsto rain.）C.我认为学好英语很难（I thinkit hardto learnEnglishwell.）D.我们有必要讨论这个问题（It isnecessary for us todiscussthisproblem.）下列句子中，“for”表示“目的”的有（）A.I boughtagiftfor mymother.B.He studieshard forthe exam.C.She cookeda mealfor us.D.They leftearly forthe meeting.下列翻译中，涉及“被动语态”的有（）A.窗户被风吹破了（The windowwas brokenby thewind.）B.这本书是鲁迅写的（This bookwas written by Lu Xun.）C.会议将在明天举行（The meetingwill beheld tomorrow.）D.他被任命为新经理（He was appointed as the newmanager.）下列句子中，“when”引导时间状语从句的有（）A.I willcall youwhen Iarrive.B.He wasreading whenthe phonerang.C.When Iwas young,I likedplaying outside.D.She singswhen sheis happy.下列翻译中，涉及“否定转移”的有（）A.我认为他不会来（I don’t thinkhe willcome.）第5页共11页B.我不相信她知道这件事（I don’t believeshe knowsit.）C.他说他不喜欢这个电影（He saidhedidn’t likethismovie.）D.我不确定他是否会同意（I’m notsure ifhe willagree.）下列句子中，“as”表示“作为”的有（）A.He worksasa teacher.B.I regardhim asmy friend.C.She actedasthehostess.D.They treatedme asa child.下列翻译中，“of”表示“所属关系”的有（）A.the roofof thehouseB.a friendof mineC.the colorofthedressD.a photoof myfamily下列句子中，“in order to”表目的的有（）A.He gotup earlyin order to catchthe bus.B.She studieshard inorder topass theexam.C.They workedtogether inordertofinish thetask.D.We stayedlate inordertofinish thereport.下列翻译中，涉及“there be”句型的有（）A.There isa bookon thedesk.B.There aremany peoplein thepark.C.There usedto be a treehere.D.There willbeameeting tomorrow.下列句子中，“so...that”结构翻译正确的有（）第6页共11页A.He is so youngthat hecan’t go to school.B.The boxis soheavy that I can’t carryit.C.She isso beautifulthat everyonelikes her.D.It isso coldthatIcan’t goout.下列翻译中，涉及“比较级+than any other+名词”结构的有（）A.He istaller than any otherstudent inhis class.B.This isbetter thanany otheroption.C.She is more carefulthananyother girlhere.D.The bookismoreinteresting thananyotherbook I’veread.下列句子中，“have”表示“拥有”的有（）A.I havea newcar.B.Shehasa headache.C.They havea goodtime.D.He hasa lotof friends.下列翻译中，涉及“with”复合结构的有（）A.With thedoor open,the roomis cold.B.He walkedin with a smileon hisface.C.She leftwith herbag inhand.D.The teachercame inwitha book inher hand.下列句子中，“but”表示“除了”的有（）A.I havenoonebut myparents toturn to.B.He didnothing butwait.C.Shehasno choicebut toaccept.D.There isnothing buta tablein theroom.第7页共11页下列翻译中，涉及“it”作形式宾语的有（）A.I findit easyto learnEnglish.B.He thinksit nouse arguingwith her.C.We considerit importantto studyhard.D.She madeit clearthat shewould leave.下列句子中，涉及“过去分词作定语”的有（）A.the brokenwindowB.a girlnamed LucyC.the excitedchildrenD.abookwrittenbyLuXun

四、判断题（共20题，每题1分）（对的打“√”，错的打“×”）“He isnot onlyateacherbut alsoa writer.”翻译为“他不仅是老师，还是作家”（）“I’dratheryou didn’t dothat.”翻译为“我宁愿你没做那件事”（）“Themeetingwas delayedbecause ofthe heavyrain.”中的“because of”可替换为“due to”（）“Thisisthe mostinteresting bookwhich I haveeverread.”翻译正确（）“It’s hightime wewent tobed.”是虚拟语气（）“He isinterestedinplay football.”语法正确（）“The girlis tooyoung togotoschool.”中“too...to”结构表否定（）第8页共11页“We havelearned1000words bythe endof lastmonth.”时态正确（）“The questionissodifficult thatnone ofus cananswerit.”翻译为“这个问题太难了，我们谁也答不上来”（）“He hasworked heresince2025,which meanshe willworkhere for5years in

2025.”逻辑正确（）“She isthe onlyone whocan speakEnglish well.”中“who”引导的是定语从句（）“Ihavelived herefor fiveyears ago.”语法错误（）“The bookis worthto read.”翻译正确（）“He askedme ifI willhelp him.”时态正确（）“It’simportantforusto learnEnglish well.”中“it”是形式宾语（）“He isnot sotall ashis brother.”翻译为“他不如他哥哥高”（）“The childrenare playinginthepark happily.”中“happily”是形容词（）“I usedto playingcomputer games,but nowI don’t.”语法错误（）“He hasbeen toBeijing twice,but hehasn’t gonetherethis year.”逻辑正确（）“Theteachermade thestudents tocopy thetext.”语法错误（）

五、简答题（共2题，每题5分）简述“直译”和“意译”的适用场景，并各举1个例子说明第9页共11页翻译句子“他是个笑面虎，表面和善，内心却很自私”并说明翻译时需注意的关键点参考答案

一、单项选择题（每题1分，共30分）

1.A

2.C

3.A

4.B

5.A

6.A

7.A

8.A

9.A

10.A

11.C

12.A

13.A

14.A

15.B

16.C

17.A

18.A

19.B

20.A

21.A

22.C

23.B

24.B

25.A

26.A

27.A

28.B

29.C

30.A

二、多项选择题（每题2分，共40分）

31.BC

32.B

33.ABCD

34.ABCD

35.ACD

36.BD

37.ABCD

38.ABCD

39.AB

40.ACD

41.ABCD

42.ABCD

43.ABCD

44.ABCD

45.ABCD

46.AD

47.ABCD

48.ABCD

49.ABC

50.ABCD

三、判断题（每题1分，共20分）

51.√

52.×（应为“我宁愿你不要做那件事”）

53.√

54.×（应为“that”）

55.√

56.×（应为“playing”）

57.√

58.×（应为“had learned”）

59.√

60.√

61.√

62.√

63.×（应为“reading”）

64.×（应为“would”）

65.×（形式主语）

66.√

67.×（副词）

68.×（应为“play”）

69.√

70.×（去掉“to”）

四、简答题（共10分）直译适用于文化背景相似、表达简洁且无歧义的简单句子，如“He hasa greenthumb.”直译“他有一个绿色的拇指”（实际含义“他擅长园艺”）第10页共11页意译适用于文化差异大、需传达深层含义或比喻义的句子，如“He isa backseatdriver.”直译易误解，意译“他是个爱指手画脚的人”翻译“Heisa wolf in sheep’s clothing;he looks kind butisvery selfishinside.”关键点

（1）“笑面虎”是文化特有表达，需意译为“wolfinsheep’sclothing”（披着羊皮的狼），符合英语习惯；

（2）“表面和善”译为“lookskind”，“内心却很自私”译为“isvery selfishinside”，用对比结构“but”突出转折关系文档说明本试题严格遵循英汉互译基础能力考查要求，题型多样、覆盖全面，答案解析注重实用性和准确性，适合学习者日常练习或备考参考第11页共11页。